EP3792425A1 - Insert for an element making up a building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an insert (1) for a constituent element of a construction comprising a box (2) through which an axis (4) passes and a connection piece (31) mechanically coupled to the axis (4), capable of rotating. around this one.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to an insert for a constituent element of a construction, preferably a facade panel.

Prior art

Typically, a facade panel of a building comprises a connector inserted into the panel for hooking an anchoring device to secure the panel to a wall of the building. The connecting piece comprises two fixed metal elements which are arranged in parallel, each comprising a portion embedded and / or buried within the construction material constituting the facade panel, and a semi-annular portion configured to receive and stabilize one end of the a pin. This pin serves as a support for a fastening device called a “mounting system”. The latter comprises a metal bar, one end of which is folded back on itself to form a ring surrounding the pin. At the other end of the metal bar is inserted a plate. The latter is hung on the wall of the building (for example, via an anchor or any other suitable means). A metal lath being welded to one of said two fixed metal elements is then pushed, for example with a hammer, against the pin and one of the semi-annular portions so as to ensure that this pin remains in place.

The connecting piece must be fixed and inserted and / or embedded in the construction material constituting the facade panel while allowing the semi-annular portions to be accessible for inserting the pin. This is the reason why it is known to at least partially enclose these semi-annular portions in a block of expanded polystyrene which extends the edges of the facade panel. Thus, when fixing the facade panel on site, it suffices for a construction worker to scrape the expanded polystyrene using a scraper (or any other suitable means) so as to release the semi-annular portions. and insert the pin previously surrounded in the end of the metal bar folded on itself.

Said connecting piece, said metal lath and said block of expanded polystyrene form an insert of the facade panel for its attachment to the construction. This insert and its use as described nevertheless have several disadvantages. First, an execution of the assembly method of the mounting system and the pin with the insert is complex and time consuming. In particular, the time required to release the semi-annular portions of the expanded polystyrene is long. It may also happen that you have to make several attempts before correctly placing the pin between the two semi-annular portions. Second, the use of the insert is not environmentally friendly. Indeed, it requires scraping expanded polystyrene which then flies on the site and disperses in nature. In addition, the polystyrene block has a fragile behavior and may deteriorate during transport or their implementation, which can make the assembly of the pin impossible.

The patent AT370471 B partially addresses these problems by providing a connection system arranged in a recess of the facade panel and comprising a connection piece comparable to that described above, holding a kind of pin at its ends. The latter are of a particular shape and are riveted at the level of the semi-annular portions. An eyelet surrounds this pin and can slide in a determined position along it. The eyelet accommodates a tightening screw, which facilitates subsequent fixing of the front panel by a mounting system. However, this connection system remains complex to assemble on site or beforehand during the manufacture of the facade panel. In addition, the existence of the recess complicates the manufacture of the facade panel. The use of a block of expanded polystyrene as described above seems necessary to fill the recess while allowing safe handling of the facade panel.

Disclosure of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an insert for a constituent element of a construction, for example, a facade panel, which is simpler, faster and more environmentally friendly to manufacture and use.

• l'axe traverse la cavité et la boîte par deux orifices opposés de celle-ci ;
• la pièce de raccordement est agencée au moins partiellement dans la cavité, couplée mécaniquement à l'axe dans la cavité, et apte à tourner autour de l'axe.

To this end, the invention provides an insert for a constituent element of a construction comprising an axis and a connecting piece mechanically coupled to the axis,
further comprising a box at least partially delimiting a cavity; and in which:

• the axis passes through the cavity and the box through two opposite orifices thereof;
• the connecting piece is at least partially arranged in the cavity, mechanically coupled to the axis in the cavity, and able to rotate about the axis.

The insert according to the invention is at the same time simpler, faster and more ecological to manufacture and to use, in particular for fixing a facade panel to a building. In fact, in view of the prior art described, it is no longer necessary to at least partially enclose a connecting piece in a block of expanded polystyrene because the box plays this role during the manufacture of the constituent element of construction. It is then sufficient to open and / or break the box on a construction site (if it is not partially open) to access the connection piece, which is simpler, faster and more ecological given the wide range. materials that are both manageable and ecological from which it can be made. The box therefore makes it possible to facilitate the manufacture of the facade panel and the use of the insert, while allowing the axis to be directly and simply supported without requiring a complex assembly of a pin with a connection system such as described in the prior art. The insert according to the present invention further provides a connecting piece which allows a simple and quick connection (preferably a male-female connector) with a fixing and / or anchoring device. In the particular case of a mounting system, the metal bar can directly cooperate with the part of connection. For example, in a preferred embodiment where the connecting piece is tubular, the metal bar can be inserted therein, for example, by screwing and / or by clipping. Since the connecting piece can also rotate around the axis, it is also possible to adjust the orientation of the fixing and / or anchoring device with respect to the constituent element of a construction comprising the insert. The axis and its mechanical coupling with the connecting piece are very advantageously provided in the insert, which makes it possible to replace simply and efficiently the pin mounting system of the prior art and to eliminate the site steps necessary for its placement.

It follows that the insert according to the present invention allows a small number and little complexity of the various operations required on site. In particular, these operations and / or the method of using the insert according to the invention comprise (and, preferably, consist of): opening the box (if the latter is closed) to access the connecting piece , turn the latter around the axis, cause a fixing and / or anchoring device to cooperate with the connecting piece (for example, by screwing and / or clipping). This insert is therefore quick and easy to use, with no significant ecological impact.

Preferably, the box can be made of at least one recyclable or recycled material which is ecological and respectful of and / or not harmful to the environment, unlike particles of expanded polystyrene. Such a material consists, for example, of wood and / or plastic. Preferably, the box is made of recycled plastic. The box and / or the cavity are optionally parallelepipedal in a preferred manner, which can facilitate the design of the box. In general, such a box is easy, quick and inexpensive to manufacture. It generates little waste and additional weight to the insert, and therefore to the constituent element of the construction. Optionally, the box comprises a code, for example, a color, on an external face making it possible to visually identify the type of construction component for which the insert is intended.

Preferably, the box is delivered completely closed, the connecting piece then being completely arranged in the cavity. Preferably, the cavity is therefore completely delimited by the box upon delivery of the constituent element of the construction. It is in fact easier to design such an element from a cast and solidified building material such as concrete by embedding the closed box therein. In addition, the closure of the box ensures that the connecting piece will remain in the cavity during all stages of manufacture of the element and its transport to the site, without protruding from one side of the element. It is in fact advantageous for the transport and storage of such elements that no part protrudes because it would risk breaking and / or complicating storage and / or transport, as well as the placement of these elements on site. To prevent any movement of the connecting piece around the axis during this step, the box further preferably comprises removable and / or slidable lateral reinforcements arranged to hold the connecting piece in a fixed position in the cavity.

1. (a) un couvercle amovible recouvrant une ouverture de la boîte ;
2. (b) une paroi externe cassable (pour créer un orifice de la boîte).

L'ouverture et/ou l'orifice communiquent avec la cavité. La pièce de raccordement est préférentiellement complètement agencée dans la cavité (lorsque la boîte est fermée) ce mode de réalisation étant préalable à l'utilisation de l'insert sur chantier. En d'autres termes, et plus préférentiellement, le moyen d'accès à la cavité est apte à fermer la boîte de sorte que celle-ci délimite complètement la cavité, la pièce de raccordement étant totalement agencée dans la cavité lorsque que la boîte est fermée.According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the box comprises a means of access to the cavity. Preferably, this means of access consists of at least one of:

1. (a) a removable cover covering an opening of the box;
2. (b) a breakable outer wall (to create a hole in the box).

The opening and / or the orifice communicate with the cavity. The connecting piece is preferably completely arranged in the cavity (when the box is closed) this embodiment being prior to the use of the insert on site. In other words, and more preferably, the means of access to the cavity is able to close the box so that the latter completely delimits the cavity, the connecting piece being completely arranged in the cavity when the box is. closed.

In case (a), the opening is preferably pre-existing in the sense that it is made in the box, for example, during the manufacture of the box, and then covered by a cover. The cover is preferably a face portion (preferably one face) of the box screwed and / or clipped and / or slid on the contour of the opening of the box and / or on side edges of the box (for example, by means of screws and / or reliefs hollowed out on an external face of the box), so that it is easy to move and / or slide on site. Optionally, the box includes hinges mechanically coupled to the cover to allow it to pivot about an axis or a fulcrum. Generally, any known type of lid and / or any type of lid stabilization on the opening can be used within the scope of this invention.

In case (b), the outer wall preferably consists of a face portion (preferably, a face) of the box which is thinner than the rest of the box and / or which is made of a material of low strength and / or membrane, so that it is very easy to break and / or break by means of a construction tool, for example, a hammer and / or a knife, from the outside of the box, so as to release an opening in the box. Optionally, the box can be made homogeneously, without the structure of the wall referred to in (b) being distinguished in a particular way from the rest of the box. In particular, in this case, any face of the box preferably consists of a wall easily breakable with a construction tool. According to another embodiment of the preferred case (b), the box comprises two plastic half-shells interlocking one into the other to define the cavity, one of these two half-shells being made of a plastic less thick and / or more fragile than the other, so that it constitutes said breakable outer wall. In addition, this half-shell is optionally also comparable to a removable cover of the box.

In both cases (a) and (b), said opening is preferably large enough so that several fingers of one hand, preferably one hand, can pass through it, so as to easily handle the connecting piece in the cavity. . In particular, the opening is preferably larger than a disc 5 centimeters in diameter. Other means of access than those mentioned in (a) and (b) can be fully used within the framework of the invention. Preferably, such an access means will include the existence or the possibility of creating such an opening.

Both in case (a) and in case (b), the box includes a means of access to the cavity so that, once delivered to the site, the box can be broken and / or opened to access the room. connection. As the latter is able to rotate around the axis, it is then possible to arrange it so as to connect and / or mechanically couple an anchoring device. According to one embodiment, in this case, preferably when the insert is used on site or after installation of the constituent element of the construction, the box comprises an opening (for example, that which was covered by a cover that the 'one has moved (case (a)) or that which has been carried out by breaking the wall (case (b)), and / or the connecting piece extends partially out of the cavity, through the opening.

The connecting piece preferably extends transversely to the axis, more preferably perpendicular to the axis. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an angle between a direction of extension of the connecting piece perpendicular to the axis and a vertical direction perpendicular to the axis varies by at most 200 °. The connecting piece can rotate around the axis, within the limits of the box. Advantageously, it is thus possible to adjust this angle on site in order to connect and / or secure and / or mechanically couple an anchoring device to the connecting part according to a predetermined orientation with the constituent construction element. This is particularly advantageous for the fastening of a facade panel to a building since it is necessary that the anchoring device can still fit properly to an anchoring point on the facade of the building after its connection and / or its securing and / or its mechanical coupling with the connecting piece of the insert. This angle gives sufficient freedom to make this adjustment. The angle is preferably between 15 ° and 25 ° when the facade panel is fixed to the facade (and therefore when the anchoring device connected and / or secured and / or mechanically coupled to the insert is adjusted to an anchor point on the facade). Preferably, there is a range of values for this angle for which the connecting piece is completely arranged in the cavity (during delivery to the site of the box, for example). Preferably, in the case where the box comprises an opening as described, there is another range of values for this angle for which the connecting piece extends partially outside the cavity, through the opening.

Specifically concerning the technical means allowing the connecting piece to be connected and / or secured and / or coupled mechanically to an anchoring and / or fixing device, preferred embodiments are presented below. This connecting piece is more preferably suitable for securing an anchoring and / or fixing device (for example, a mounting system) configured to suspend the constituent element from the construction preferably consisting of a facade panel.

The connecting piece is preferably tubular. It preferably comprises a threaded internal part. These embodiments are preferably combined. The existence of a threaded internal part is very advantageous. Indeed, thanks to the internal threaded part of the connection piece, it is possible to secure a threaded male part of suitable dimensions, for example a threaded rod in the preferred case where the connection part is tubular, by simply screwing it and quickly in the threaded internal part. In particular, it is thus possible to use an anchoring device which comprises a threaded rod in a first end part fixed to means for suspension and / or attachment to the construction arranged in a second end part. Thus, in the case of the mounting system as described according to the prior art, it is sufficient to simply thread the end of this metal bar so that it is able to cooperate effectively with the connecting piece. In addition, the establishment of this cooperation is very easy on site because it suffices for a worker to screw two parts together.

• une tige femelle s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe et consistant en la pièce de raccordement ; et
• un orifice recevant l'axe de façon à réaliser une liaison pivot entre la chape et l'axe dans la cavité.

Une telle tige femelle comprend de préférence une partie interne filetée. Ce mode de réalisation explicite un couplage mécanique préféré entre l'axe et la pièce de raccordement, celle-ci faisant partie intégrante d'une chape destinée à recevoir l'axe pour réaliser la liaison pivot (c'est-à-dire une liaison à un degré de liberté, celui-ci étant la rotation de la chape autour de l'axe). Ledit orifice est de préférence bordé par une forme en U symétrique d'une plaque de la chape, la tige femelle étant maintenue entre les deux branches du U par soudage. Il est avantageux d'utiliser une chape telle que décrite car elle est assez facile et peu couteuse à fabriquer. D'autres réalisations de la pièce de raccordement et de son couplage mécanique avec l'axe sont possibles dans le cadre de l'invention. Par exemple, la pièce de raccordement peut être un écrou ou un manchon femelle fileté préférentiellement soudé à une telle plaque en forme de U.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the insert comprises a yoke comprising:

• a female rod extending perpendicular to the axis and consisting of the connecting piece; and
• an orifice receiving the axis so as to produce a pivot connection between the yoke and the axis in the cavity.

Such a female rod preferably comprises a threaded internal part. This embodiment explains a preferred mechanical coupling between the axis and the connecting piece, the latter forming an integral part of a yoke intended to receive the axis to produce the pivot connection (that is to say a connection with a degree of freedom, this being the rotation of the yoke around the axis). Said orifice is preferably bordered by a symmetrical U-shape of a plate of the yoke, the female rod being held between the two branches of the U by welding. It is advantageous to use a screed as described because it is quite easy and inexpensive to manufacture. Other embodiments of the connecting piece and of its mechanical coupling with the axis are possible within the framework of the invention. For example, the connecting piece can be a nut or a threaded female sleeve preferably welded to such a U-shaped plate.

In the context of this document, a “constituent element of a construction” refers to a part of a construction, for example, a part of a wall, a wall, a block, a panel, etc. 'is a facade panel intended to be arranged and / or hung and / or suspended on and / or facing a facade of a support structure, for example, a wall of a building. Such a facade panel extends essentially over a surface defining this facade, and has a thickness which is defined and measured perpendicular to the facade, preferably at least 3 centimeters to ensure sufficient space to arrange and / or insert the insert according to the invention. A "face" of a facade panel designates a surface of this panel extending parallel to the facade, and a "slice" of a facade panel designates another surface of this panel extending substantially. perpendicular to the facade. A facade panel preferably comprises two faces: a so-called "interior" face facing the support structure, generally invisible externally (therefore for an observer outside the building), and a so-called "exterior" face opposite the interior face. , visible from the outside. The constituent element of the construction in question preferably consists of a cast and solidified construction material so that, during its manufacture, the insert is placed in a mold in which this construction material is cast. Preferably, the latter is a concrete. In the context of this document, the “construction” for which said element is intended is arbitrary. It can be, for example, a building with or without a storey, a dam, a monument, ...

In the context of this document, a “box” preferably refers to a rigid container delimiting a cavity capable of accommodating goods, objects and various products. It can be made of a material, for example, wood, cardboard, metal, plastic, ... and / or a combination thereof. The term “cavity” preferably refers to an interior space of a solid body, in this case preferably, the box. The term "box" should also be interpreted as a means of defining the cavity when producing the constituent element of the construction. In particular, any box which defines a cavity at least partially, so as to make possible the design of a constituent element of the construction falls within the scope of the present invention. It is in particular for this reason that it is not necessary for the cavity to be completely delimited by the box. It may be sufficient to consider a box which includes only a few faces to be able to design the constituent element of the construction.

In the context of this document, an "axis" is preferably a mechanical axis, that is to say an elongated mechanical part making it possible to rotate another mechanical part on itself and / or to assemble parts together. mechanical. The axis is preferably metallic and / or cylindrical. In particular, the axis is preferably a rod and / or a bar, preferably of constant diameter. Advantageously, the use of such an axis is easy and inexpensive in the context of the invention. Its manufacture is also easy and can be carried out in a chain by cutting a very long metal cylinder.

The use, in this document, of the verb "to understand", its variants, as well as its conjugations, can in no way exclude the presence of elements other than those mentioned. The use, in this document, of the indefinite article "a", "a", or of the definite article "the", "the" or "the", to introduce an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of these elements.

According to several preferred embodiments of the invention, the insert comprises a load-taking support capable of supporting and / or maintaining at least one metal bar outside the cavity. This load take-up support is preferably fixed to the axle and / or to the box. It plays an important role in the case where the constituent element of the construction is a facade panel, and where the insert is configured to accommodate a device for anchoring and / or fixing the facade panel to a facade of the building . In fact, in this case, the weight of the facade panel is transferred to the construction via the anchoring and / or fixing device and via the insert. It is therefore important that the weight of the facade panel is transferred optimally to the insert, more precisely to the axis and to the connecting piece. To this end, use is made of metal bars which are supported and / or mechanically coupled by the axis via the load take-up support, to advantageously take the weight of the panel optimally according to the extension of these metal bars in the building block towards the axis. Such metal bars advantageously make it possible to take up a significant weight of a facade panel even for a facade panel of small thickness. In order to be able to take up this load from the facade panel (and / or any constituent element of a construction which would be hung and / or suspended and / or fixed to a support structure by means of the insert according to the invention) , it is therefore preferred to provide an insert advantageously provided with such a load take-up support.

The metal bars preferably form a sealing reinforcement for the constituent element of the construction. They are preferably high adhesion bars.

• une portion de sommet s'étendant autour de l'axe et comprenant un orifice central traversé par l'axe ;
• deux pieds qui s'étendent selon des directions transverses à partir de la portion de sommet, au-delà de la cavité, et qui comprennent chacun un orifice extrémal pour accueillir une barre métallique.

Preferably, this load recovery support comprises at least one plate fixed to the box (and / or to the axis) in which is made at least one orifice to accommodate a metal bar outside the cavity (and / or to the shaft). the box). More preferably, each (such, at least one) plate extends perpendicular to the axis and comprises:

• a top portion extending around the axis and comprising a central orifice through which the axis passes;
• two feet which extend in transverse directions from the top portion, beyond the cavity, and which each include an end hole to accommodate a metal bar.

Advantageously, the manufacture of such a plate is easy and inexpensive. It can be carried out, for example, by cutting a shape from a large plate of material. Preferably, the material constituting each plate is metallic. It is preferably the same material which constitutes the axis. Preferably, each plate is disposed against (one side of) the box. Preferably, each plate is exterior to the cavity.

According to a first optional sub-embodiment, each plate is welded (and therefore fixed) to the axis, preferably at the level of the central orifice. Advantageously, it is then not necessary to carry out the weld all around the central orifice, and preferably, each plate is welded to the axis only by a weld point, so that the insert is integral and can be inserted (for example, cast) in a building material constituting the building block.

According to a second very preferred sub-embodiment, the box comprises at least one lateral protuberance which preferably extends outwardly from an outer face of the box, preferably of cylindrical shape, and each plate comprises an orifice of nesting for connect the plate against the box by interlocking such a lateral protuberance in the interlocking hole of the plate, so that the insert is integral and can be inserted (for example, cast) into a building material constituting the building block. Each plate is thus fixed to the box by such an interlocking. Several such "fixing on / to the box" can be considered, for example, a simple clipping. The latter is also preferred. In this case, there is preferably no direct attachment of any plate to the axle. Each plate is preferably in simple direct contact with the axis, the latter passing through a central orifice of a top portion of the plate when the latter comprises it as described above.

The box is very particularly advantageous because, in addition to at least partially delimiting the cavity and supporting and maintaining the axis, it also makes it possible to easily attach each plate to the outside of the cavity.

According to another example of "fixing on / to the box", in the preferred case where the box is made of a plastic material, each lateral protuberance optionally passes completely through an engagement hole of a plate, one end of the lateral protuberance then being heated and / or melted, and then pressed against the plate so as to form a rivet which ensures a good fixing of the plate against the box (without the need for either welding (or more generally fixing) of the plate with the axis as proposed in the first sub-embodiment). A less skilled worker (not able to weld, for example) can easily perform this assembly of each plate with the axis and the box during the manufacture of the insert. In addition, this prevents too much heat input (eg from welding) near a plastic box which could melt.

Each pair of a lateral protuberance and a corresponding interlocking orifice by interlocking is advantageously configured to allow a worker to avoid any error in mounting the plates on the box. Indeed, the plates are preferably of a particular, non-symmetrical shape, as discussed below and faithfully illustrated in the figures introduced below. As explained below, to ensure good load recovery by the plates, it is important that they are correctly oriented against the box. When a plate includes feet, they must be correctly oriented. A fitting orifice and an associated lateral protuberance are therefore preferably of a specific shape (more preferably suited to a clip-on fixing) so as to correspond only to each other, and not to allow connection of a plate on the box. only in a certain orientation of the plate. The position of the fitting orifice on the plate is preferably also chosen for this latter purpose. It is therefore not possible to connect a plate to such a lateral protuberance via one of the orifices provided to receive a metal bar, nor to connect the plate in an unsuitable orientation against the box.

The specific shape of each plate (comprising feet and a top portion) according to the aforementioned more preferred embodiment is very particularly adapted to allow an optimal transmission of internal forces from the constituent element of the construction to the axis ( then to the connecting piece, then to an anchoring and / or fixing device secured and / or mechanically coupled to this connecting piece) by means of metal bars which pass through said central and lateral orifices, and this while avoiding the transmission of parasitic forces. The top portion makes a connection of the plate with the axis for the transmission of these internal forces, while the two feet extend in directions which are specifically determined to take up these internal forces according to components of predetermined forces.

1. (i) un des deux pieds s'étend selon une direction horizontale perpendiculaire à l'axe et à la direction verticale précédemment introduite,
2. (ii) l'autre des deux pieds s'étend transversalement à la direction horizontale et perpendiculairement à l'axe.

Plus précisément encore, la direction d'extension (i) est telle que l'orifice extrémal de ce pied est adapté pour accueillir une barre métallique axiale parallèle à l'axe (et perpendiculaire à la plaque). Plus précisément encore, la direction d'extension (ii) est telle que l'orifice extrémal de ce pied est adapté pour accueillir une portion courbe d'une barre métallique de gravité en forme de U, celle-ci comprenant deux portions droites parallèles entre elles, perpendiculaires à l'axe et à la direction horizontale, et reliées par la portion courbe. Préférentiellement, les directions d'extension forment entre elles un angle compris entre 40 et 90°, optionnellement d'environ 50°. La direction verticale susdite est typiquement celle autour de laquelle la direction d'extension de la pièce de raccordement varie d'un angle θ dans un plan parallèle au plan vertical (avec préférentiellement θ ∈ [-20°,160°]), dans le sens où, pour la valeur θ = 0, les directions verticale et d'extension de la pièce de raccordement correspondent.More precisely, preferably:

1. (i) one of the two feet extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis and to the vertical direction previously introduced,
2. (ii) the other of the two feet extends transversely to the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the axis.

More precisely still, the direction of extension (i) is such that the extremal orifice of this foot is adapted to receive an axial metal bar parallel to the axis (and perpendicular to the plate). More precisely still, the direction of extension (ii) is such that the extremal orifice of this foot is adapted to accommodate a curved portion of a U-shaped metal gravity bar, the latter comprising two straight portions parallel between they, perpendicular to the axis and to the horizontal direction, and connected by the curved portion. Preferably, the directions of extension form between them an angle of between 40 and 90 °, optionally of about 50 °. The aforementioned vertical direction is typically that around which the direction of extension of the connecting piece varies by an angle θ in a plane parallel to the vertical plane (with preferably θ ∈ [-20 °, 160 °]), in the direction where, for the value θ = 0, the vertical and extension directions of the connecting piece correspond.

It should be emphasized that the directions of extension (i) and (iii) are very advantageous to allow transmission of internal forces between the constituent element of the construction and an anchoring and / or fastening device attached and / or or mechanically coupled to the connecting piece. Indeed, the direction of extension (i) makes it possible to pass a metal bar parallel to the axis, close to and at the same vertical height as the axis. All the forces involved (due both to the internal forces picked up by the metal bars and to a tensile force of the anchoring and / or fixing device) are all transmitted directly by the plates and by the axis, without the intermediary of a construction material which would constitute the constituent element of the construction, and from points of support close to the axis. This transmission and direct connection, with the support points of the forces that are close together, make it possible to reduce the risks of deformation of the insert (for example of the axis) between these forces. In particular, the force diagram exerted on the insert is clearly optimized, for example in comparison with that of the patent AT370471 B of the prior art.

The load take-up support preferably comprises two such plates according to the invention which are similar, being arranged symmetrically on both sides. other side of the cavity (and / or the box, and / or against the box). Thus, the loads and forces internal to the constituent element of the construction can be taken up and transmitted to the axis in a symmetrical and balanced manner.

The present invention also provides a constituent element of a construction, preferably a facade panel of the construction, comprising an insert according to the invention. All of the preferred embodiments and all of the advantages of the insert according to the invention are transposed mutatis mutandis to the present element.

Preferably, the element is formed from a cast and solidified construction material such as concrete, the insert being previously placed in a location (for example, a formwork and / or a mold) in which this construction material is poured. construction, then drowned in the latter. Preferably, an edge of the element borders the box and / or the cavity of the insert, which allows easy access to the cavity on site, for example by opening and / or breaking the box. Preferably, reinforcing bars (metal) are also placed beforehand in this location and then embedded in the construction material. When the latter is concrete, the element then consists of so-called “reinforced” concrete and comprises an insert according to the invention. The insert box may include (small) tabs (or protuberances) extending outwardly from the cavity to facilitate the integration of the insert into the constituent element of the construction during its manufacture by a formwork. These tabs can be used to optimize the attachment of the insert to the formwork, and in this case are preferably (easily) breakable in order to subsequently be able to separate the formwork from the insert box.

According to the preferred embodiment where the insert comprises a load take-up support, the element preferably comprises at least one metal bar supported by the load take-up support. Each such metal bar is preferably part of the set of reinforcing bars (to form reinforced concrete, for example) when the element includes them. Thus, part of the reinforcing bars of the element are used to transmit loads from the element to the axis via the plates of the load take-up support. As explained above, the metal bars supported by the load-taking support are preferably embedded in a cast and solidified building material constituting the constituent element of the construction.

• une barre métallique axiale s'étend parallèlement à l'axe et qui traverse les orifices extrémaux d'un des pieds de chaque plaque ;
• deux barres métalliques de gravité, dont chacune comprend deux portions droites parallèles qui s'étendent perpendiculairement à l'axe, et une portion courbe qui relie les deux portions droites de façon à conférer une forme de U à chaque barre métalliques de gravité,

la portion courbe d'une première des barres métalliques de gravité traversant l'orifice extrémal de l'autre des pieds d'une des plaques, et
la portion courbe d'une deuxième des barres métalliques de gravité traversant
l'orifice extrémal l'autre des pieds de l'autre des plaques.
Les barres métalliques ainsi disposées sont maintenues de façon symétriques permettant une transmission d'efforts internes à l'élément de façon optimale et homogène selon une décomposition de forces en composantes parallèles et perpendiculaires à l'axe, et de préférence selon les directions d'extensions des faces de l'élément lorsqu'il constitue un panneau de façade.Preferably, according to the embodiment of the insert for which the load take-up support comprises two plates each comprising a top portion and two feet as described in this description of the invention, the metal bars comprise:

• an axial metal bar extends parallel to the axis and which passes through the end openings of one of the feet of each plate;
• two metal gravity bars, each of which comprises two parallel straight portions which extend perpendicular to the axis, and a curved portion which connects the two straight portions so as to give a U-shape to each metal gravity bar,

the curved portion of a first of the metal gravity bars passing through the extremal orifice of the other of the feet of one of the plates, and
the curved portion of a second of the metal gravity bars crossing
the extremal orifice the other of the feet of the other of the plates.
The metal bars thus arranged are maintained symmetrically allowing an optimal and homogeneous transmission of internal forces to the element according to a decomposition of forces into components parallel and perpendicular to the axis, and preferably according to the directions of extensions. of the faces of the element when it constitutes a facade panel.

• un élément constitutif d'une construction selon l'invention, et
• une pièce d'ancrage pour coopérer avec la pièce de raccordement.

Tous les modes de réalisation préférés et tous les avantages de l'insert et de l'élément selon la présente invention se transposent mutatis mutandis au kit. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la pièce d'ancrage est un système de montage. Préférentiellement, la pièce d'ancrage est configurée pour fixer et/ou soutenir l'élément à/sur la construction. De préférence, la pièce d'ancrage comprend :

• une première partie extrémale pour coopérer avec la pièce de raccordement de façon à être solidarisée avec cette dernière ;
• une deuxième partie extrémale configurée pour être suspendue et/ou fixée à une façade de la construction.

La deuxième partie extrémale est préférentiellement une platine. De façon plus préférée, lorsque la pièce de raccordement comprend une partie interne filetée, la première partie extrémale est une tige filetée apte à être vissée dans la pièce de raccordement. Ainsi, le dispositif d'ancrage peut être solidarisé très facilement et rapidement à l'élément par l'intermédiaire de l'insert, pour fixer et/ou soutenir l'élément à/sur la construction. L'ensemble constitué de l'insert et de cette pièce d'ancrage est appelée « suspente ».Finally, the present invention also provides a kit comprising:

• a constituent element of a construction according to the invention, and
• an anchoring part to cooperate with the connecting part.

All the preferred embodiments and all the advantages of the insert and of the element according to the present invention are transposed mutatis mutandis to the kit. According to a particular embodiment, the anchoring part is a mounting system. Preferably, the anchoring part is configured to fix and / or support element at / on construction. Preferably, the anchoring part comprises:

• a first end part to cooperate with the connecting piece so as to be secured to the latter;
• a second end part configured to be suspended and / or fixed to a facade of the building.

The second end part is preferably a plate. More preferably, when the connection piece comprises a threaded internal part, the first end part is a threaded rod capable of being screwed into the connection piece. Thus, the anchoring device can be attached very easily and quickly to the element by means of the insert, in order to fix and / or support the element to / on the construction. The assembly made up of the insert and this anchoring piece is called the “hanger”.

Brief description of the figures

• la figure 1A illustre une vue schématique tridimensionnelle d'un insert selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention ;
• la figure 1B illustre une vue schématique tridimensionnelle de l'insert de la figure 1A comprenant des barres métalliques soutenues par un support de reprise de charge ;
• la figure 2 illustre une vue schématique de côté de l'insert de la figure 1A ;
• la figure 3 illustre une vue schématique de dos de l'insert de la figure 1A ;
• la figure 4 une vue schématique de côté de l'insert de la figure 1A compris dans un élément constitutif d'une construction, ce dernier étant compris dans un kit selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent on reading the detailed description which follows, for the understanding of which reference is made to the appended figures, among which:

• the figure 1A illustrates a three-dimensional schematic view of an insert according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
• the figure 1B illustrates a three-dimensional schematic view of the insert of the figure 1A comprising metal bars supported by a load recovery support;
• the figure 2 illustrates a schematic side view of the insert of the figure 1A ;
• the figure 3 illustrates a schematic rear view of the insert of the figure 1A ;
• the figure 4 a schematic side view of the insert of the figure 1A included in a constituent element of a construction, the latter being included in a kit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Detailed description of particular embodiments of the invention

This part presents a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention. The latter is described with particular embodiments and references to figures but the invention is not limited by them. In particular, the drawings or figures described below are only diagrammatic and are not limiting. The drawings of the figures are not necessarily to scale. Like elements are generally denoted by like references in the figures. In the context of this document, identical or similar elements may bear the same references. The presence of reference numbers and / or letters in the drawings cannot be considered as limiting, including when these numbers or letters are indicated in the claims.

The X, Y and Z references represented in figure 1B correspond to geometric references of three-dimensional space used to comment on and / or visualize properties of embodiments of the invention. Thus, according to this figure, the axis 4 of the insert 1 according to this embodiment of the invention is arranged horizontally parallel to the axis X, the tubular connecting piece 31 extends in a direction (generally oblique) perpendicular to axis 4. A so-called “vertical” direction refers to a direction parallel to the Z axis shown, which according to this embodiment is preferably a direction parallel to that of the force of gravity. By abuse of notation, the references X, Y and Z are also used to indicate the directions parallel to these axes.

In the context of this document, by abuse of common language, the term "perpendicular" and its derivatives are sometimes used similarly to the term "orthogonal" and its derivatives.

The terms “first” and “second” are used in the context of this document exclusively to differentiate different elements, without implying order between these elements.

The figures 1A , 2 and 3 represent several schematic views of an insert 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Insert 1 includes a closed plastic box 2 delimiting a cavity 22. The box 2 comprises a breakable outer wall 21 and designed to be broken with a construction tool, so as to be able to access the cavity 22 from the outside of the box 2. The box 2 also includes two orifices 23 opposite. The insert 1 comprises a mechanical axis 4 passing through the cavity 22 and the box 2, through the two orifices 23 thereof. The axis 4 passes through the box 2 in a lower part along the Z axis of the latter. The insert 1 comprises a yoke 3 comprising a symmetrical plate 34, cut mainly in a U shape, a lower part of this plate (corresponding to the hollow of the U shape) having an annular shape receiving and being crossed by the axis 4 so as to achieve a pivot connection between the yoke 3 and the axis 4 in the cavity 22. The center of the annular shape defines an orifice 33 which is therefore crossed by the axis 4. The yoke 3 is provided with a connecting piece 31 arranged symmetrically between and welded to two parallel portions of the yoke plate 34 (corresponding to the U-shaped branches). In the illustrated configuration, the connecting piece 31 is arranged completely in the cavity 22. It is able to rotate (within the limits of a certain angular opening) in the cavity 22 around the axis 4 thanks to the pivot connection. The connection piece can be male or female, and able to achieve an arbitrary connection with a mechanical part, the latter preferably being an anchoring device. In the case of the insert 1 shown, the connecting piece 31 is a female rod of the yoke 3 extending perpendicularly to the axis 4. It therefore comprises a threaded internal part 32, suitable for screwing a rod ( male) threaded, and therefore preferably a threaded rod of an anchoring device. The screwing manipulation is particularly simple and quick to perform on site once the box 2 is open, in particular because the connection piece 31 rotates around the axis 4, and therefore the orientation of the connection piece 31 can be adjusted to facilitate this manipulation as well as the subsequent use of the anchoring device. As shown in figure 1B , the direction of extension of the connecting piece 31 forms an angle θ with the vertical direction Z. This angle typically varies by approximately 180 ° because the rotational movement of the connecting piece 31 around the axis 4 is limited by parts of the box 2 when the wall 21 is removed. There is an angular opening for the angle θ around 0 ° (typically, angles which are less in absolute value than the critical value mentioned below) such that the connecting piece 31 is arranged completely in the cavity 22. It is there is a critical value of the angle θ (for example, between 5 and 15 °) such that the connecting piece 31 is just pressed against the wall 21 (or stops at the level of the opening replacing the wall 21 if it has been broken) and such that for any value of the angle greater than this critical value, a minor end portion of the connecting piece 31 extends outside the cavity 21 (if the wall 21 has previously been broken by so as to form an opening as explained in the disclosure of the invention).

The insert 1 also comprises a support for taking up the load provided with two plates 5 arranged symmetrically on either side of the box 2, against the box 2, similar to the ears. These plates 5 extend in planes parallel to each other and parallel to the plane in which the connecting piece 31 is able to move in rotation about the axis 4 (although it can be locked in rotation in a defined position, for example by internal lateral reinforcements of the box 2, during its delivery to the site), these planes all being perpendicular to the axis 4. The plates 5 are cut to have the specific shape illustrated comprising a top portion 5A (referenced in figure 2 ) annular crossed by the axis 4 at its center (defining a central orifice 53 of the top portion 5A) and blocked at the level of the axis 4 by a fixing of the plate 5 on the box 2, for example, by a clipping a cylindrical lateral protuberance of the box 2 into a fitting hole 54 of the plate 5. Each plate 5 also includes two feet 5B and 5C (referenced on the figure 2 ) which extend in transverse directions from the crown portion 5A, outwardly to and beyond the cavity 22, such that it is possible to support and / or mechanically couple vertical bars 62 (according to the Z axis) and horizontal 61 (along the X axis) at the end of these feet 5B, 5C without intercepting the box 2 (because the feet move far enough away from the box 2 in said directions), these bars then being able to extend into a building material constituting a constituent element of a construction provided with the insert 1. In order to achieve this support and / or mechanical coupling of bars 61, 62 as illustrated in figure 1B , each of the feet 5B and 5C is pierced with an extremal orifice 52 and 51 respectively capable of accommodating such bars 61 and 62. More specifically, one of the bars 61 is an axial metal bar which extends parallel to the bar. axis 4 and which passes through each of the end holes 52 of the feet 5B of each plate 5, and two other bars 62 are metal bars of gravity essentially bent in their middle in two parallel straight portions so as to give them a U-shape, each of these bars 62 being carried gravitationally by the foot 5B of one of the plates 5 passing through an extremal orifice 51. The latter is preferably oblong to facilitate the insertion of the bars 62. As clearly illustrated in figs 1B and 2 , the foot 5B extends in a horizontal (main) direction Y perpendicular to the axis 4 and to said vertical direction Z, and the foot 5C extends transversely to this horizontal direction Y and perpendicular to the axis 4, from so as to form an angle between 40 and 90 °, preferably between 65 and 85 °, more preferably around 75 °. This configuration makes it possible in particular to arrange the bar 61 parallel to and at the same height, along the Z axis, as the axis 4. The bars 61, 62 are directly coupled to the plates 5 and to the axis 4 allowing a optimized transmission of internal forces within a component of the construction comprising the insert 1, and this directly through the insert 1. The diagram of the forces in play take support points close to the axis 4 , and are transmitted to the axis 4. The tensile force of suspension of the constituent element of the construction is exerted along the direction of extension of the connecting part 31 when it is connected to a part of the construction. 'anchoring (therefore obliquely in the plane carried by the Y and Z axes, preferably at an angle θ of about 20 °) and is compensated (and broken down) along the horizontal Y and vertical Z axes by the internal forces exerted respectively on the bars 61 and 62 near the axis 4, and transmitted to the latter directly by the plates 5. The bars 61 and 62 are preferably metallic with high adhesion to efficiently transmit the loads and / or internal forces d 'a constituent element of a construction provided with the insert 1 to the axis 4 via the load take-up support.

The figure 4 illustrates a kit according to one embodiment of the invention. This kit includes an element 7 constituting a construction consisting of a facade panel of the construction. The latter comprises an inner face 74A and an outer face 74B, and two edges, the upper edge 75 having been referenced. This facade panel will be fixed to the construction by means of an anchoring device 8 included in the kit. For this, the front panel comprises the insert 1 previously discussed. This has been embedded in a building material 71, preferably concrete, constituting the facade panel, so that the wall 21 extends the inner face 74A, thus being visible to a construction worker. The insert 1 is also arranged in height (along the Z axis) in an upper part of the facade panel because it is at this location that the anchoring device 8 must be secured to support and / or fix. the facade panel to construction. To obtain such an element 7, it suffices to prepare a mold and / or a formwork in which the insert 1 and several metal bars 72, 73 are arranged, vertically and horizontally, so as to form a grid, some of these crossing bars. in the end openings 51 and 52 of the plates 5 of the insert 1, so as to define the metal bars 61, 62 previously introduced. Once this construction has been carried out, concrete is poured into the mold and / or formwork, thus forming the reinforced concrete facade panel provided with the insert 1. The anchoring device 8 comprises a threaded metal rod 82 so as to be able to easily screw one of its end portions 81 (forming a first end part of the anchoring device 8) into the threaded internal part 32 of the tubular connection part 31. The other end portion of this threaded metal rod 82 is fixed to a second end portion 83 of the anchoring device 8 which is configured to be suspended and / or fixed to a facade of the building. Such a second end part 83 is known to a person skilled in the art, in particular for a mounting system, and preferably consists of a plate. However, the first end part 81 which is in the form of an end portion of a threaded rod differs from the prior art and allows rapid and effective attachment of the anchoring device 8 to the front panel via the insert 1. In addition, given that the bars 61, 62 are directly mechanically coupled to the insert 1, they allow an advantageous transmission of loads and / or internal forces from the facade panel to the building by means of the device d. anchor 8 and insert 1, as described above.

In summary, the invention which has been presented relates to an insert 1 for an element 7 constituting a construction comprising a box 2 traversed by an axis 4 and a connection piece 31 mechanically coupled to the axis 4, able to rotate around it. this one.

The present invention has been described in relation to specific embodiments, which have a purely illustrative value and should not be considered as limiting. In general, it will appear obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the examples illustrated and / or described above.

Claims (15)

Insert (1) for an element (7) constituting a construction comprising: - an axis (4); and - a connecting piece (31) mechanically coupled to the axis (4); characterized in that it further comprises a box (2) at least partially delimiting a cavity (22), and in that : - The axis (4) passes through the cavity (22) and the box (2) through two orifices (23) opposite the latter; - the connecting piece (31) is: arranged at least partially in the cavity (22), mechanically coupled to the axis (4) in the cavity (22), and able to rotate around the axis (4). Insert (1) according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that it comprises a yoke (3) comprising: - a female rod: • which includes a threaded internal part (32), • which extends perpendicular to the axis (4), and • which consists of the connecting piece (31); and - an orifice (33) receiving the axis (4) so as to provide a pivot connection between the yoke (3) and the axis (4) in the cavity (22). Insert (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured so that an angle ( θ ) between a direction of extension of the connecting piece (31) perpendicular to the axis ( 4) and a vertical direction (Z) perpendicular to the axis (4) varies by at most 200 °, and in that there is an interval of values of this angle ( θ ) for which the connecting piece (31 ) is completely arranged in the cavity (22). Insert (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the box (2) comprises a means of access to the cavity (22) consisting of at least one of: - a removable cover covering an opening of the box (2); - a breakable outer wall (21). Insert (1) according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that the means of access to the cavity (22) is adapted to close the box (2) so that the latter completely delimits the cavity (22), the connecting piece (31) being completely arranged in the cavity (22) when the box (2) is closed. Insert (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a load take-up support configured to support and / or maintain at least one metal bar externally to the cavity (22), the support load recovery comprising at least one plate (5) fixed to the box (2), in which is made at least one orifice (51, 52) to accommodate a metal bar on the outside of the cavity (22). Insert (1) according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that the box (2) comprises at least one lateral protuberance which extends outwardly from an outer face of the box (2), and in that each plate (5) comprises a fitting orifice ( 54) to connect the plate (5) against the box (2) by fitting such a lateral protuberance into the fitting hole (54) of the plate (5). Insert (1) according to any one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that each plate (5) extends perpendicular to the axis (4) and comprises: - a top portion (5A) which extends around the axis (4) and which comprises a central orifice (53) crossed by the axis (4); - two feet (5B, 5C) which extend in transverse directions from the top portion (5A), beyond the cavity (22), and which each include an end hole (52, 51) for accommodate a metal bar (61, 62). Insert (1) according to the preceding claim when it further depends on claim 3,
characterized in that one (5B) of the two feet extends in a horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the axis (4) and to said vertical direction (Z), and in that the other (5C) of the two feet extend transversely to this horizontal direction (Y) and perpendicular to the axis (4). Insert (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
characterized in that the load take-up support comprises two such similar plates (5) arranged symmetrically on either side of the cavity (22). Element (7) constituting a construction comprising an insert (1) according to any one of the preceding claims. Element (7) according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that : - the insert (1) is according to claim 10 when it depends on any one of claims 8 or 9; and - in that it includes: • an axial metal bar (61) which extends parallel to the axis (4) and which passes through the end openings (52) of one of the feet (5B) of each plate (5); • two metal gravity bars (62), each of which comprises two parallel straight portions which extend perpendicular to the axis (4), and a curved portion which connects the two straight portions so as to give a U-shape to each metal gravity bar (62),
the curved portion of a first of the metal gravity bars (62) passing through the extremal orifice (51) of the other of the feet (5A) of one of the plates (5), and
the curved portion of a second of the metal gravity bars (62) passing through the extremal orifice (51) the other of the feet (5A) of the other of the plates (5). Element (7) according to any one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a cast and solidified building material (71) in which the insert (1) is embedded, so that a edge of the element (7) borders the box (2) and / or the cavity (22). Kit including: - an element (7) according to any one of claims 11 to 13 consisting of a facade panel of the building; and - an anchoring part (8) comprising: • a first end part (81) to cooperate with the connecting piece (31) so as to be secured to the latter; • a second end part (83) configured to be suspended and / or fixed to a facade of the building. Kit according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that : - the insert (1) is according to claim 2; and in that - The first end part (81) is a threaded rod capable of being screwed into the connecting piece (31).

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