EP3788712A1 - Dispositif pour convertir une tension continue électrique en une tension alternative - Google Patents

Dispositif pour convertir une tension continue électrique en une tension alternative

Info

Publication number
EP3788712A1
EP3788712A1 EP18734102.9A EP18734102A EP3788712A1 EP 3788712 A1 EP3788712 A1 EP 3788712A1 EP 18734102 A EP18734102 A EP 18734102A EP 3788712 A1 EP3788712 A1 EP 3788712A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
voltage
power semiconductor
submodule
semiconductor switches
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18734102.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Janik
Andreas Macher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3788712A1 publication Critical patent/EP3788712A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P13/00—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P13/06—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
    • H02M5/12—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers for conversion of voltage or current amplitude only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating an alternating voltage having a first winding having electrically separable winding segments, a two-th winding, which is inductively coupled via a magnetizable core to the first winding, and in series zueinan the switched bipolar submodules, each Submodule, each with a winding segment and power semiconductor switches forming a bridge circuit.
  • Such a device is already known from WO 2012/079666 A2.
  • a transformer is described, which has a Un terwoodswicklung and a high-voltage winding, which are inductively coupled together via a core.
  • the high-voltage winding consists of a main winding and egg ner control winding, wherein the control winding is composed of Wick lungssegmenten, each of which is part of a two-pole submodule.
  • Each submodule has power semiconductor switches which form a full bridge circuit with the respective winding segment.
  • the submodules are bipolar and arranged in a series connection.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates schematically an exemplary Oberspan voltage winding 1 of the prior art device.
  • the high-voltage winding consists of a Stammwick ment 2 and a control winding 3, which is composed of three winding segments 4, 5 and 6.
  • the Wick tion segments 4, 5 and 6 are each part of a two-pole submodule 7, 8 and 9, wherein each submodule 7, 8 and 9 in addition to the said winding segment 4, 5 and 6 bathraumlei terschalter 10, each of at least two ge genuinely parallel thyristors 11 exist.
  • each power semiconductor switch 10 has a snubber circuit consisting of a figurative lent not shown Symmetri mecanicswiderstand, a damping capacitor 12 and a damping resistor 13 is made.
  • Each of the submodules 7, 8 and 9 forms a full bridge circuit which adds two series circuit branches, in each of which two power semiconductor switches 10 are connected in series.
  • Each series circuit branch is connected in parallel to the respective winding segment 4, 5 or 6 of the submodule.
  • the potential point between two power semiconductor switches 10 of the first series connection circuit 2 of the first submodule 7 is connected to the upper end of the trunk winding 2.
  • the potential point between the semiconductor switches 10 of the second series circuit branch of the submodule 7 is connected to the potential point between the line semiconductor switches 10 of the first series circuit branch of the second submodule 8. In this way, the submodules form a series circuit.
  • the respective winding segment 4, 5 or 6 of the Stammwick development can now be switched with the same direction of winding. Due to the full bridge circuit, however, it is also possible to switch the respective winding segment 4, 5 or 6 with Chryslerge set winding direction in series to the main winding or to switch from the series circuit through a bypass forth. In this case, the winding segments 4, 5 and 6 have different numbers of turns. The number of inductively tively effective number of turns of the high-voltage winding 1 can therefore be varied by appropriate activation of the power semiconductor switch 10 as desired. This in turn allows regulation of the output voltage of the transformer, which is dependent on the ratio of the number of turns of the upper and lower voltage winding.
  • the high-voltage direct current transmission has opposite to Electric power transmission using AC voltage on the advantage that transmission losses are significantly reduced. This applies in particular to submarine cables, which are used to connect offshore wind farms to a further shore-side energy supply network.
  • the above-mentioned device has the disadvantage that this input side is exclusively connected to alternating voltage networks.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device of the initially mentioned type, which can also be connected to DC voltage connections.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the first winding is completely divided into mutually insulated Wicklungsseg elements, each winding element is part of a two-pole submodule and switches with the power semiconductor switches forms a bridge circuit.
  • a device which has inductively coupled windings. At least one of the windings is completely divided into winding segments and each winding segment is part of a two-pole submodule. The submodules of said winding are connected in series with each other. Due to the bridge circuit, it is possible to briefly connect each winding segment with the DC voltage and then to nen again, so that each winding segment is traversed by a changing current. This results in a changing magnetic flux in the core and an inductive coupling with the second winding of the device, in which an AC voltage is induced. This induced AC voltage can be set terschalter by a desired control of the linengurlei.
  • winding segments are separable from each other. This implicitly means that all winding segments of each other are arranged electrically isolated on the core, so that the current flow over a particular winding segment can be determined regardless of the current flow over all other winding segments.
  • Each winding segment can therefore be switched by bridging in series with the other winding segments or bridged.
  • each winding segment has two supply lines, via which the per spective winding segment is connected to the power semiconductor switches of its submodule.
  • the direct current can be chopped, so that the output side a desired AC clamping voltage can be generated.
  • the device according to the invention it is within the scope of the invention also possible to connect the device according to the invention to an AC voltage network, but this antiserial switched IGBT pairs must be used to process at de half-waves can.
  • the device according to the invention can be used universally in this circuit.
  • each submodule has a first series circuit branch and a second series circuit display, which are each connected in parallel to the respective winding segment of the submodule.
  • Each series circuit branch has a series connection of at least two power semiconductor scarf diesters, wherein the potential point between the power semiconductor switches of the first series circuit branch with egg ner first terminal of the submodule and the potential point between the power semiconductor switches of the second series circuit branch is connected to the second terminal of the submodule.
  • the series-connected submodules are connected via their terminals. In other words, the first terminal of the one submodule is connected to the second terminal of another submodule.
  • the potential point between the power semiconductor switches of the first series circuit branch is at the same potential as the potential point between the power semiconductor switches of the second series circuit branch of the connected submodule. Due to the full bridge circuit, which is also referred to as H-bridge circuit, it is possible to carry the current in both directions over the respective winding segment.
  • the winding segments of the submodules can thus be connected in series with the same or opposite winding direction or be switched off by a bypass of the series circuit.
  • the numbers of turns of winding segments connected in series with the same winding direction can therefore be added in the calculation of the winding ratio of the windings.
  • the effect of winding segments, which are connected in series with opposite Wicklungsrich tion cancel, however, so that the number of turns of these winding segments must be subtracted from each other to detect the inductive effect of the first winding by calculation.
  • the winding segments are different from submodule to submodule. This allows the desired number of active turns of the first winding to be continuously varied over a wide range.
  • the number of turns of n winding segments to each other in egg nem ratio of 1: 3: 9:: 3 n the number of turns of n winding segments to each other in egg nem ratio of 1: 3: 9:: 3 n . If, for example, the winding segment of the first submodule has two turns, then the winding segment of the second submodule has six turns, while the winding segment of the third submodule has over 18 turns and the winding segment of the fourth submodule has 54 turns. These can now be added together with each other or else subtracted from each other, so that in sum the desired number of turns with ge wished winding direction is connected in series.
  • the first winding or the second winding or the first and the second winding are designed as high-voltage windings.
  • the windings are designed to be resistant to voltage so that they can be connected to a high-voltage network or a high-voltage connection.
  • high voltage is meant that the windings can be operated with DC or AC voltages of more than 1 kV up to 1 200 kV.
  • the range of 1 kV to 50 kV AC is also referred to as medium voltage range. In the medium-voltage range, so-called distribution transformers are preferably used.
  • the device according to the invention can also be designed as a power transformer, which is operated with an AC voltage above 50 kV.
  • a DC voltage present on the input side is, for example, in the range of ⁇ 1 kV to ⁇ 800 kV. But smaller input voltages below ⁇ 1 kV are possible within the scope of the invention.
  • the first winding is equipped with a designed for DC voltage insulation.
  • the first winding can be connected to a DC voltage or to a DC voltage connection.
  • the insulation of the winding so for example, the spacers of the winding conductors, their outer insulation, possibly existing barrier systems or the like, must be designed since DC voltage. This makes a he heightened insulation required.
  • the windings are embedded in a solid insulating material.
  • the solid insulating material is, for example, a suitable resin, for example, epoxy resin.
  • Such transformers who also referred to as dry-type transformers.
  • the windings are vergos with liquid resin. After curing of the resin, the winding is completely embedded in a solid. Due to the limited cooling, however, such a dry-type transformer is only for Distribution transformers can be used effectively.
  • the windings are placed on a core leg, wherein the core leg usually extends through the hollow cylindrical inner space of the winding.
  • the first winding is preferably arranged concentrically to the second winding, which encloses the same core section.
  • the winding segments of the first winding can be arranged in a common resin block, wherein each winding segment has two laterally led out of the resin led terminals for isolated connection with the power semiconductor switches.
  • each winding segment is arranged in a separate egg separate resin block.
  • the ver different resin blocks of the first winding for example, are arranged one above the other, with appropriate insulation means are provided to provide the necessary dielectric strength between tween the winding segments of the different submodules of the first high-voltage winding.
  • the windings and the core are arranged in a filled with insulating fluid boiler.
  • the insulating fluid provides the necessary dielectric strength and also provides cooling of the windings as well as the core.
  • an insulating fluid is for example an ester fluid or a mi neralisches oil into consideration.
  • insulating gases as insulating fluid enforce. If the insulating fluid is a liquid, the boiler can be made more compact. However, the distances between the components lying at a high-voltage potential during operation and those located at ground potential must be selected to be sufficiently large.
  • the boiler is equipped with at least one DC bushing and at least one AC bushing. tet.
  • a DC bushing is designed as already described above with regard to their isolation and dimensioning for a DC stress.
  • the DC bushing has at least one diverter ring which prevents electrical charging of the outer layer of the DC bushing.
  • the DC bushing is keptstat tet with two derivatives. In the design of DC feedthroughs, in particular, the resistances of the respectively used Ma materials is turned off, while in Kirditionsssel screw stage, the capacity of the materials is in the foreground.
  • the cruzier terschalter are arranged outside the boiler and connected through guides with the winding sections.
  • the imple mentations are again designed as a DC bushings from.
  • the power semiconductor switches are arranged in the boiler. According to this embodiment of the invention, bushings for Ver connection of the winding segments with the power semiconductor switches are avoided.
  • the arrangement of the power semiconductors within the boiler increases the maintenance effort, since access to a possibly defective power semiconductor switch is difficult in the event of a fault.
  • the Wicklun gene, the core and the power semiconductor switches are arranged Kunststoffiso profiled.
  • air serves as insulation and coolant. This reduces costs.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the inventions
  • FIG. 3 shows a power semiconductor switch of the submodule
  • Submodule illustrate schematically.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a high-voltage winding 1, a device according to the above-mentioned prior art. This figure has already been described in detail above, so that a new representation can be omitted here.
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the device 15 according to the invention, which has a high-voltage winding 16 as the first winding and a lower voltage winding 17 as a second Wick development, wherein the high-voltage winding 16 and the Un terwoodswicklung 17 are inductively coupled together via a core 14 shown schematically.
  • the core 14 is made of a magnetizable material and preferably made of iron sheets, which lie flat against each other, so that the occurrence of eddy currents is suppressed.
  • the core forms a closed magnetic circuit, so that the magnetic fields generated by the high-voltage winding 16 or the lower voltage Wick 17 propagate substantially exclusively in the core 14.
  • the high-voltage winding 16 and the low-voltage winding 17 are arranged concentrically to each other, wherein the core 14 extends with a core leg through the two concentrically arranged windings 16 and 17.
  • the core legs of the various phases are connected via not ge Service te upper and lower yokes with each other.
  • the high-voltage winding 16 is completely subdivided into winding segments 4, 5 and 6.
  • the winding segments 4, 5 and 6 are electrically isolated from each other, wherein the winding segments 4, 5 and 6 are each part of a sub-module 7, 8 and 9.
  • Each submodule 7, 8 and 9 forms a full bridge circuit. The construction of the full bridge circuit is described by way of example on the submodule 9.
  • the sub-module 9 includes the winding segment 6.
  • the winding segment 6, two series-circuit branches 18a and 18b are connected paral lel.
  • two power semiconductor switches 10a and 10b are arranged in the first series circuit branch 18a.
  • the power semiconductor switches 10c and 10d are connected in series.
  • the potential point between the power semiconductor switches 10c and 10d forms a first terminal XI and between the power semiconductor switches 10a and 10b of the first series circuit branch 18a, the second terminal X2.
  • the second connection terminal X2 of the submodule 9 is connected to the non-referenced first connection terminal of the submodule 8, so that the submodules 8 and 9 are connected in series.
  • the high-voltage winding 16 and the low-voltage winding 17 are arranged with the core 14 in a figuratively not dargestell th boiler of the device 15, with a
  • Ester liquid is filled as insulating fluid.
  • the kettle is designed fluid-tight and has a not illustrated Darge expansion tank and a cooling for kuh len of the ester liquid.
  • the device 15 is connected to a direct voltage network which has a positive pole with a positive pole and a negative pole with minus. While the winding segments 4, 5 and 6 are electrically insulated one above the other within the boiler and are concentric with the low-voltage winding 17 angeord net, the power semiconductors 10 are air-insulated except half of the boiler arranged. In this case, the terminal XI of the submodule 9 is connected to the positive pole of Gleichwoodsnet ZES and a terminal of the submodule 7 with the negati tive pole of the DC power grid.
  • the connection of the power semiconductor 10 with the arranged in the boiler winding segments 4, 5 and 6 via figuratively not shown DC feedthroughs, which allow a Hin barn lead the high voltage lines through lying at ground potential boiler walls.
  • the power semiconductor switches 10c and 10b in their passage position, in which a current flow across the power semiconductor switches 10c and 10b is made possible.
  • the power semiconductor switches 10a and 10d are in their blocking state in which a current flow through the said power semiconductor switches 10a and 10d is interrupted.
  • the winding segment 4 is traversed by the current in the same direction. Due to the switching position of the power semiconductor switch 10 of the submodule 8, however, a current flow is generated by the Wick tion segment 5 in the opposite direction. In the position shown in Figure 2, therefore, add the Win tion numbers of the winding segments 6 and 4, whereas the number of turns of the winding segment 5 of the sum of the Win-. tion numbers of the winding segments 6 and 4 must be deducted.
  • FIG. 3 clarifies the power semiconductor switch 10 according to FIG. 2 in more detail.
  • the power semiconductor switch 10 has a so-called IGBT 23, to which a freewheeling diode 24 is connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • IGBT 23 and freewheeling diode 24 tergetude are arranged in a common scarf, not shown.
  • the structure of such an IGBT 23 with oppositely connected in parallel freewheeling diode 24 is in principle known.
  • the power semiconductors 10 are both switched on and switched off. Switchable power semiconductor switches are IGBTs, IGCTs, GTOs or the like.
  • FIG. 4 once again illustrates the submodule 9 according to FIG. 2, the power semiconductor switches being shown explicitly as IGBTs with a countervailing freewheeling diode.
  • the connection terminals XI and X2 are also illustrated, to which was omitted verzich in Figure 2 for reasons of clarity.
  • the winding segments 4, 5, 6 of the submodules 7, 8 and 9 are in the ratio 1: 3: 9.
  • the winding segment 6 of the submodule 9 has l * n windings.
  • the Winding segment 5 of the submodule 8 has 3 * n turns and the winding segment 4 of the submodule 7 9 * n Windun conditions. These windings can now all together with the same Ansteue connected together with the same winding direction in series, so that the high-voltage winding 16 a maximum Winding number of 13 * n turns.
  • the number of turns is changed according to the invention continuously in milliseconds or even microseconds.
  • the DC current is switched on and off, whereby a so-called pulse width modulation is used.
  • This purpose is served by a control unit, not shown, which is also part of the device 1.
  • By this switching is the input side, so chopped at the high-voltage winding 16 anlie ing DC voltage.
  • This provides a Flußände tion in the core, which in turn generates the desired AC voltage in the lower voltage winding 17.
  • One of the ends of the low-voltage winding is connected via an on-circuit line, not shown, to an AC feedthrough which has an outdoor contactable external connection for connection to a phase of the alternating voltage network.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention vise à réaliser un dispositif (15) destiné à générer une tension alternative, comprenant un premier enroulement (16) qui possède des segments d'enroulement (4, 5, 6) isolés électriquement les uns des autres, un deuxième enroulement (17) qui est couplé magnétiquement au premier enroulement (16) par le biais d'un noyau magnétisable (14), et des sous-modules (7, 8, 9) bipolaires branchés en série les uns aux autres, chaque sous-module (7, 8, 9) formant, respectivement avec un segment d'enroulement (4, 5, 6) et des commutateurs semiconducteurs de puissance (10), un circuit en pont, ledit dispositif devant pouvoir être raccordé à une liaison de tension continue. Pour ce faire, selon l'invention, le premier enroulement (16) est entièrement subdivisé en segments d'enroulement (4, 5, 6) isolés les uns des autres, chaque segment d'enroulement (4, 5, 6) faisant partie d'un sous-module (7, 8, 9) bipolaire et formant un circuit en pont avec les commutateurs semiconducteurs de puissance (10).
EP18734102.9A 2018-06-07 2018-06-07 Dispositif pour convertir une tension continue électrique en une tension alternative Pending EP3788712A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2018/065041 WO2019233585A1 (fr) 2018-06-07 2018-06-07 Dispositif pour convertir une tension continue électrique en une tension alternative

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3788712A1 true EP3788712A1 (fr) 2021-03-10

Family

ID=62748916

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18734102.9A Pending EP3788712A1 (fr) 2018-06-07 2018-06-07 Dispositif pour convertir une tension continue électrique en une tension alternative

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3788712A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019233585A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102334274B (zh) * 2009-02-09 2014-12-03 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 转换器
UA112302C2 (uk) 2010-12-17 2016-08-25 Машіненфабрік Райнхаузен Гмбх Ступеневий перемикач
DE102012103048B4 (de) * 2012-04-10 2016-01-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Regeltransformatoren zur Spannungsregelung mit Halbleiter-Schaltelementen
DE102013101652A1 (de) 2013-02-20 2014-08-21 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter mit Halbleiter-Schaltelementen und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Laststufenschalters
WO2016101985A1 (fr) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-30 Abb Technology Ltd Convertisseur multi-niveau modulaire à valves de thyristor
DE102016209553A1 (de) * 2016-06-01 2017-12-07 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Elektrisches System eines Schienenfahrzeugs, Schienenfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektrischen Systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019233585A1 (fr) 2019-12-12

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