WO2016050533A1 - Convertisseur direct multi-niveaux modulaire à sortie de fréquence variable monophasée - Google Patents

Convertisseur direct multi-niveaux modulaire à sortie de fréquence variable monophasée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016050533A1
WO2016050533A1 PCT/EP2015/071456 EP2015071456W WO2016050533A1 WO 2016050533 A1 WO2016050533 A1 WO 2016050533A1 EP 2015071456 W EP2015071456 W EP 2015071456W WO 2016050533 A1 WO2016050533 A1 WO 2016050533A1
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Prior art keywords
converter
energy
level
voltage
terminal
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PCT/EP2015/071456
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gopal Mondal
Sebastian Nielebock
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Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication of WO2016050533A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016050533A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/293—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/225—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode comprising two stages of AC-AC conversion, e.g. having a high frequency intermediate link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-level energy ⁇ converter for converting electrical energy, with a connection for supplying to changing electrical energy and another terminal for outputting the converted electrical energy, wherein the multi-level power converter having a first conversion circuit at a first both of the terminals of the multi-level power converter is connected and includes the plurality of series connected conversion units with a conversion unit capacitor and a central terminal coupled to the second of the terminals be ⁇ riding trips, wherein the converter circuit is connected for controlling to a control unit to convert the electrical energy.
  • the invention relates to a Energykop ⁇ pel adopted for electrically isolated coupling of a first power supply network with a second Energyversor ⁇ supply network, with an isolating transformer with two magnetically coupled and galvanically isolated windings, wherein a first of the windings of the isolation transformer is electrically coupled to a first power supply network and the second of the windings of the isolating transformer with the second
  • the invention also relates to a method for converting electrical energy by means of a multi-level energy converter in which the electrical energy supplied to one terminal is converted and delivered to another terminal, where ⁇ the electrical energy by means of at least a first at a first of the two terminals of the multi-level energy ⁇ converter connected converter circuit is converted, to which end the converter circuit comprises a plurality of maral- in series ended converter units comprising a transducer unit capacitor and provides an output coupled to the second of the connection means connection, wherein the converter circuit with- Controlled by a control unit to convert the electrical energy.
  • Multi-level energy converters and energy coupling devices of the generic type are basically known, so that it does not require a separate documentary evidence for this.
  • Multi-level energy converters serve to convert electrical energy between a DC voltage port and an AC voltage port.
  • Energy coupling devices serve to enable an energy exchange between galvanically separated electrical energy supply networks.
  • it is in the power grids to three-phase power supply ⁇ networks operated as a public utility grid at 50 Hz or 60 Hz AC voltage. In this area, an effective voltage between two phases of 400 V is often used.
  • a three-phase isolating transformer is used in this respect, provides a corresponding three-phase circuit-arrival for each of the connected power supply systems and a direct coupling made ⁇ light.
  • Such transformers are designed for the line frequency of the power supply networks to be coupled, that is, for operation at 50 Hz or at 60 Hz.
  • isolation transformers have proven themselves in practical operation, there are still disadvantages. While an electrical isolation with such a separating Trans ⁇ transformers can be achieved and at the same time a tension adjusting - if necessary - to make, but the flow of energy can not be controlled and on the other hand ER- one hand calls for the use of the isolation transformer that the two to be coupled power grids are operated synchronously with the moving ⁇ chen frequency. This may result in practical operation problems.
  • each of the energy supply networks to be coupled is connected to a bidirectional three-phase inverter, to whose intermediate circuit in each case a likewise bidirectional inverter for single-phase high-frequency operation is connected.
  • the single-phase inverters are connected to them to isolated galvanic windings of the high-frequency isolation transformer ⁇ closed.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a Mehrpe ⁇ gelenergywandler a Vrefahren to its operation and an energy coupling device, which require improved efficiency and at the same time a small effort.
  • the invention proposes a multi-level energy converter and an energy coupling device according to the independent claims 1 and 8.
  • a method according to the further independent claim 9 is proposed. Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims.
  • control unit controls the converter units for operating both the first and the second connection in AC operation.
  • the invention proposes that the power coupling device comprises two multi-level power converter according to the invention, wherein in each case the multi-level power converter selpressivesan gleich a first alternating for connection to the respective Wick ⁇ development of the isolating transformer and a second alternating voltage terminal for connection to the respective Energy Ver ⁇ supply network, wherein a first of the multi-level energy converter electrically couples the first winding with the first power supply network and the second of the multi-level ⁇ energy converter electrically couples the second winding with the second power supply network.
  • control unit controls the converter units in such a way controls that both the first and the second terminal are operated in AC operation.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that the multi-level energy converter can not only be operated as an inverter on a DC voltage intermediate circuit, but basically does not need the DC voltage intermediate circuit. Unlike inverters, the multi-level energy converter can therefore be operated with direct current DC voltage. This makes it possible to save effort compared to the energy coupling device of the prior art, which is based on the use of four inverters in the coupling of two power supply networks. In order to couple the isolating transformer or its two windings to the respective power supply networks, only one single converter device in the form of the multi-level energy converter is thus required for each energy supply network. As a result, the expense bezüg ⁇ Lich Wandeins can be significantly reduced, which not only increases the efficiency, but also costs and space can be reduced.
  • Multi-level energy converters and methods for their operation are frequently used in the field of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission, with DC voltages in the range of several 100 kV and powers in the range of 1 GW.
  • HVDC high voltage direct current
  • such multi-level power converter ⁇ be used bi-directionally, wherein the electrical energy Ener ⁇ can be respectively converted into a desired, preferably predetermined Rich ⁇ processing.
  • the conversion of the electrical energy without substantial change of voltage levels that is, that a voltage level of a maxima ⁇ len amplitude of the AC voltage of the Energy fixturessnet ⁇ zes essentially corresponds to a voltage level of the transformer side AC voltage.
  • Each of the transducer units preferably has two parallel only ⁇ switched series circuits each with two switching elements.
  • the converter unit capacitor connected in parallel. This makes it possible to design the circuit structure of a full bridge be ⁇ annealicator unit.
  • Central terminals of the respective series circuits of the switching elements provide the converter unit terminals by means of which the connections to adjacent converter units can be made. As a result, a high degree of flexibility with regard to the control of the multi-level energy converter can be achieved.
  • the switching elements are connected to the control unit, which controls the switching elements in a suitable manner to realize the desired conversion process. Basic control methods relating to the conversion of energy by means of a multi-level energy converter between a DC voltage and a AC voltage are known to those skilled in the art
  • the converter unit capacitor can be formed by a film capacitor, a ceramic capacitor, but also by an electrolytic capacitor suitable for frequency applications or the like.
  • the converter unit capacitor can also be formed by a combination of a plurality of individual capacitors, in particular of a different type, as mentioned above.
  • a switching element for the purposes of this disclosure is vorzugswei ⁇ se a controllable electronic switching element, example ⁇ , a controllable electronic semiconductor switches, examples play as a transistor, a thyristor combination scarf ⁇ obligations thereof, preferably (with parallel-connected freewheeling diodes, a gate turn-of Thyristor GTO) an isolated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), combinations thereof or like.
  • the semiconductor switch may also be formed by a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
  • MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • the switching element is controllable by the control unit.
  • the invention can be found in the ⁇ With telhard use.
  • the invention can be used both in the field of low voltage and in the range of medium or high voltage.
  • low-voltage means, in particular, a definition according to Directive 2006/95 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12.12.2006 on the approximation of the laws of the member states of electrical equipment for use within certain voltage limits.
  • the invention is not limited to this voltage range, but can be used particularly advantageously benso in the range of medium voltage, which may preferably include a voltage range greater than 1 kV up to and including 52 kV.
  • the multi-level energy converter of the invention has the first AC voltage terminal for connection to the respective winding of the isolation transformer, to which also the several ⁇ ren, connected in series converter units for converting electrical energy, each with a
  • Transducer unit capacitor are connected as a converter circuit. Compared to the multi-level energy converter of the prior art, the invention thus also applies AC voltage to the terminal, which is a DC voltage terminal in the prior art.
  • the invention uses a property of the multi-level ⁇ energy converter, namely on the one hand to be able to be operated essentially without intercommunication and on the other hand immediately to convert an AC voltage into another AC voltage without the generation of a DC voltage would have to be interposed.
  • the invention thus requires for the realization of an energy coupling device in addition to a single-phase isolation transformer only two more energy level converter according to the invention, by means of which an energy conversion between two AC voltages, one of which may be multiphase, can be realized immediately.
  • a DC voltage intermediate circuit can be completely saved. This can be designed as a high-frequency transformer, as Mittelfrequenztransforma ⁇ tor or as a low-frequency transformer, depending on the application.
  • the multi ⁇ gel energie converters and their operation are designed adapted.
  • the efficiency can be significantly increased and / or the volume of construction can be significantly reduced.
  • the multi-level power converter having a connected to the first circulation connection capacitor, and the control unit a is directed ⁇ to allow a circulating current through the series connected conversion units of the multi-level power converter and optionally flow through the circulation capacitor.
  • Transducer unit capacitors in a predetermined manner to provide electrical charge, so that they are less stressed during normal operation. This makes it possible to choose the converter unit capacitors smaller in terms of their capacitance value.
  • the converter unit capacitors in the case of a three-phase operation on a three-phase power supply network, it is possible to reduce interactions between the individual phases during walling by means of the multi-energy converter. Overall, the effort for the multi-level energy converter and its size can be reduced. This proves to be before ⁇ geous because suitable capacitors are creating difficult to loading in particular in the field of medium voltage and high voltage.
  • the optional circulation condenser is preferably chosen so that the circulation flow in the intended Way can flow. It is not comparable with a DC link capacitor, especially since the connection to which the circulation capacitor is connected is to be supplied with an AC voltage. An intermediate circuit capacitor would result in a malfunction at this point. As a result, a capacitance value of the circulating capacitor is, of course, considerably smaller than that of a suitable DC intermediate capacitor. Its capacitance value is preferably chosen such that its influence on the AC voltage at the first terminal is low, particularly preferably negligible.
  • the second AC voltage connection of the multilevel energy converter is designed as a three-phase AC voltage connection.
  • ge ⁇ switched converter units as previously described are provided for each phase of the second alternating voltage terminal respectively connected in series, which are respectively connected in parallel to each other.
  • the converter units are controlled by the control unit taking into account a phase shift between the three AC voltages at the second AC terminal. In this way, it is easy to provide a connection possibility for a three-phase power supply network.
  • the multi-level energy converter for each phase has its own
  • Converter circuits or series circuits are preferably connected in parallel and provide respective phase ⁇ connections for the AC voltages of the three-phase power supply network ready.
  • the series-connected conversion units of a respective series circuit are preferably connected to the first AC ⁇ terminal of the multi-level power converter.
  • a DC intermediate circuit as required when using inverters, can be completely eliminated. Due to the immediate conversion beyond the effort for the power coupling device and thus on the overall volume can be further reduced.
  • a center terminal of the series-connected converter units of a respective series circuit is coupled to the second AC voltage terminal.
  • This Ausgestal ⁇ tung provides in particular that an even number of converter units connected in series, respectively and the By ⁇ telan gleich is connected to two directly interconnected converters.
  • the center port is provided after half of the number of converter units in the series circuit.
  • Series circuit of inductors in this embodiment, thus, preferably interposed between the conversion units and the two ⁇ th AC voltage connection, wherein they are provide on the one hand the second terminal at their common connection point and on the other hand connected to the other converter units of the series circuit additionally in series.
  • the interposition of the series circuit inductances is likewise provided in the region of the middle terminal of the series connection of the converter units.
  • Converter circuits are formed identical to the first converter circuit and each provide a third and a fourth connection, wherein the converter units of the
  • Converter circuit in AC operation by means of STEU ⁇ unit be controlled so that with the second, third and fourth terminals, a three-phase AC operation is achieved. This makes it possible to upgrade the multi ⁇ level energy converter with little effort for a three-phase operation. This shows the special
  • a complex DC voltage intermediate circuit can be completely saved basically.
  • the control unit controls the converter units of the converter circuit such that a circulation current is generated by the converter units. This makes it possible to enable an energy balance in the individual converter units, and in particular in the converter unit capacitors, so that their capacity and thus the overall volume can be reduced. For given capacities, therefore, a higher power can be converted.
  • the circulation current can be realized by appropriately controlling the switching elements of the converter units of the two converter circuits.
  • the circulation capacitor may additionally be provided, in particular if only a single converter circuit is provided. By means of the circulation condenser, the circulation flow can then be realized.
  • the circulation capacitor may also be provided in a plurality of converter circuits to improve the flexibility of the realization of the circulation current. He is chosen in terms of capacity such that its influence can be neglected in the We ⁇ sentlichen on the voltage applied to the first terminal AC voltage.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic block diagram for a Energykop ⁇ pel planted according to FIG 2 with a multi-level energy ⁇ converter, a schematic diagram representation for a converter unit for the multi-level power converter according to FIG 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of two diagrams, of which the upper diagram is a time excerpt of a current at the second terminal of the multi-level energy converter and the lower diagram is a schematic representation ei ⁇ ner Fourierransform possessing of the signal shown in the upper diagram,
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically two superimposed diagrams as in FIG. 5, but for the first AC voltage connection of the multi-level energy converter according to FIG. 3, FIG.
  • FIG 7 three superposed diagrams in schemati ⁇ shear representation, the uppermost diagram the three phases at the second terminal of the Mehrpegelenergywand-
  • the middle diagram according to a first graph shows the corresponding alternating voltage of a single phase from the upper diagram and superimposes the corresponding associated current according to a second graph
  • the lower diagram represents voltages at the respective converter unit capacitors
  • a diagram is shown schematically 3 generated alternating voltages for a three-phase power supply network, temporally associated with a diagram in a diagrammatic position, in which corresponding phase currents are Darge ⁇ represents, which are compared to the generated AC voltages shown in FIG 8, in more schematic Representation of a diagram with a voltage waveform at the first terminal supplied electrical voltage from the isolation transformer, in a schematic representation of a superimposed view corresponding to FIG 10, wherein the supplied AC voltage at the first Connecting the multi-level ⁇ energy converter, a corresponding current is illustrated superimposed schematically an overall view of an Energykop- pel achieved according to the invention for
  • Figures 15 and 16 a schematic representation of energy sorgungstik workede three-phase voltage waveforms of the two shown in FIG multilevel energy wall ⁇ ler 12, and
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic representation of a voltage curve of the transformer-side AC voltage of the multi-level energy converter according to FIG 12.
  • FIG. 1 shows an energy coupling device 10 according to the prior art, the two energy supply networks 12, 14 mitei ⁇ coupled to each other.
  • the power supply networks 12, 14 are coupled with ⁇ means of energy coupling device 10 isolated.
  • the energy coupling device 10 allows a bidirectional energy flow.
  • the power supply networks 12, 14 are each designed in three phases with a phase voltage, that is, an effective voltage of 400 V at 50 Hz.
  • an inverter 40 is connected in each case, which is connected to a DC voltage intermediate circuit 44.
  • Single-phase medium-frequency inverters 42 are connected to the respective DC voltage circuits 44 and are connected to windings 18, 20 of a medium-frequency separating transformer 16 on the alternating voltage side.
  • This Ener ⁇ giekoppel coupled 10 of the prior art requires four inverters 40, 42, to represent the energy-technical coupling of the energy-coupling device 10 in the intended manner. It turns out that in addition to the high cost and the efficiency compared to an energy technical coupling is significantly reduced by means of a conventional isolation transformer at mains frequency.
  • FIG. 2 shows an energy coupling device 10 according to the invention, in which instead of the four inverters 40, 42 two multi-level energy converters 22, 24 are used. Compared with inverters 40, 42 have multi-level energy converters 22, 24 a higher efficiency.
  • the invention also makes it possible, in that the multi-level energy converters 22, 24 are operated at their two terminals in AC operation that a DC voltage intermediate circuit, such as
  • the isolating transformer 16 according to FIG. 2 corresponds in the present case to the isolating transformer 16 according to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram for the Mehrpe ⁇ gelenergywandler 22, 24 according to FIG 2.
  • the multi-level power converter 22, 24 are of identical construction, but can be seen upstream, in alternative embodiments, that it is different multi-level power converter acts, for example, if by means of the separation ⁇ transformer 16 at the same time a voltage conversion devisge ⁇ provides is.
  • the multi-level energy converter 22, 24 according to FIG. 3 has connections 34, 36, at which electrical energy can be supplied or removed.
  • the electrical Ener ⁇ energy is connected to the first of the two terminals 36 of the multi-level power converter 22, 24 by means of three
  • the converter circuits 38 have a plurality of series-connected
  • Converter units 26 with a converter unit capacitor 48 (FIG 4).
  • the converter circuits 38 provide center terminals coupled to the second of the terminals 34.
  • the converter circuits 38 are connected by means of a
  • Control unit 62, 64 (FIG 12) is controlled so that electrical energy is converted ⁇ cal.
  • a three-phase alternating voltage network is provided.
  • the control unit further controls the converter units 26 such that both the first and the second terminals 34, 36 are operated in AC operation.
  • the multilevel energy converters 22, 24 each have a first AC voltage connection 36 for connection to the respective winding 18, 20 of the isolation transformer 16 and a second AC voltage connection 34 for connection to the respective power supply network 12, 14.
  • a first of the multi-level power converter 22 electrically couples the first winding 18 to the first power supply network 12.
  • the second of the multi-level power converter 24 electrically couples the second winding 20 to the second power grid 14.
  • the second alternating voltage terminal 34 of the multi-level energy wall ⁇ coupler 22, 24 is in each case as three- Phase AC voltage connection formed. For this purpose, three corresponding non-designated connections are provided (FIG. 4).
  • the converter circuits 38 each have six converter units 26, which are each connected in a series circuit.
  • the series circuits of the converter circuits 38 are connected in parallel and connected to the first terminal 36 of the multi-level energy converters 22, 24.
  • Converter circuits 38 are each supplemented in the region of the coupling of the second AC voltage terminal 34 by a series ⁇ circuit of two series circuit inductances 28. The connection between the two
  • Series circuit of inductors 28 is connected to the second alternating selpressivesan gleich 34 and to the corresponding ⁇ the phase terminals.
  • Present is vorgese ⁇ hen that the respective phase terminals via a purchase Final inductance 30 are connected to the respective connections of the series circuit inductances 28.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of one of the converter units 26.
  • the converter units 26 are formed identically to one another.
  • the converter unit 26 according to FIG. 4 comprises two parallel-connected series circuits of IGBTs 50, to which the converter unit capacitor 48 is connected in parallel. Midpoints of the series connections of the IGBTs 50 form connections 52, 54 of the converter unit 26. With ⁇ means of the terminals 52, 54, the converter units 26 can be connected in series.
  • vorgese ⁇ hen that the transducer units 26 are all identical.
  • deviating converter units can be provided in alternative embodiments, for example in terms of the conversion unit capacitor and / or derglei ⁇ chen.
  • connection 36 has a connection inductance 32. This serves to adapt bes ⁇ sera of the first port 36 to the separation Trans ⁇ formator sixteenth
  • FIG. 12 schematically shows a simulation setup for an energy coupling device 10 according to the invention.
  • the energy coupling device 10 then comprises the two multi-level energy converters 22, 24 whose first terminals 26 are connected to the transformer 16.
  • the multi ⁇ gel energy converters 22, 24 are connected via a connecting line 66 to a common clock signal.
  • a associated control unit 62, 64 is provided, which is also connected via the An ⁇ circuit line 66 to the respective multi-level energy converter 22, 24.
  • a measuring device 68 is further connected by means of an electrical voltage of the first terminal 36 can be detected.
  • the second terminals 34 of the multi-level energy converters 22, 24 are connected in parallel via decoupling networks 76, 78 and measuring blocks 70, 72 and are connected via a further measuring block 60 to a three-phase energy source 74.
  • the inductance 32 has a value of 4.5 mH.
  • ⁇ Medicinduktterrorism 30 here has an inductance of 10 ⁇ .
  • the capacity of the converter unit capacitors 48 in the present case is 1.5 mF.
  • the series circuit inductances 28 in the present case have an inductance of 0.8 ⁇ .
  • a voltage in the peak-to-peak value of about 700V is provided.
  • the frequencies of the AC voltage at the second terminal 34 are 50 Hz.
  • the peak-to-peak voltage of the AC voltage at the first AC voltage terminal 36 of the multi-level energy converters 22, 24 is about 400 V.
  • the frequency of the AC voltage at the first AC voltage terminal 36 is about 1000 Hz.
  • the frequency at the first terminal 36 of the multi-level power converter 22 also niedri 24 ⁇ ger than the frequency of the alternating voltage at the second terminal 34 may be.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically two superimposed slide ⁇ programs, wherein in the upper diagram by means of a graph, a current course of the phases at the second alternating voltage terminal 34 is shown.
  • the abscissa is a time axis in which the time is indicated in s.
  • On the Ordi ⁇ nate the current in A is plotted. It can be seen that the graph shown in the upper diagram shows an alternating Ström is shown with an amplitude of about 40 A at a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the lower diagram of FIG. 5 represents a corresponding one
  • FIG. 6 shows two diagrams which are arranged one above the other as in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6 shows two diagrams which are arranged one above the other as in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows two diagrams which are arranged one above the other as in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows two diagrams which are arranged one above the other as in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows two diagrams which are arranged one above the other as in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows two diagrams which are arranged one above the other as in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows two diagrams which are arranged one above the other as in FIG. 5.
  • Current waveform has an amplitude of about 100 A at a frequency of 1 kHz.
  • the Fourier transform of the signal section of the upper diagram is shown again. Accordingly, the abscissa of the frequency in Hz to ⁇ ordered. It can be seen from the lower representation of FIG. 6 that the Fourier transform takes place at the operating frequency of 1 kHz, a very large rash. A diesbezüg ⁇ Lich negligible rash is visible only at 3000 Hz and even lower at 500 Hz. This results in that by means of the multi-level energy converter 22, 24, an AC voltage with high quality can be generated, with which the isolation transformer 16 is applied. The high quality of the AC voltage makes it possible to keep losses in the isolation transformer 16 as low as possible.
  • FIG. 7 shows three diagrams which are shown one above the other and which show the second connection 34 of the multi-level energy converter 22 according to FIG FIG 12 relate.
  • FIG. 12 provision is made here for electrical energy to be conveyed from the multi-level energy converter 22 via the isolating transformer 16 to the multi-level energy converter 24.
  • the upper illustration of FIG. 7 shows the electrical voltages of the three phases of the electrical energy supplied at the second AC voltage terminal 34 of the multi-level energy converter 22.
  • the ordinate is hence the elekt ⁇ step voltage in V assigned, whereas the abscissa is a time axis, on which the time is illustrated in s.
  • each phase has a voltage amplitude of about 230 V at a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the three AC voltages are each shifted by 120 °.
  • the voltage of a single phase of the above diagram separated by an associated phase current according to a graph 82 is shown by means of a graph 80.
  • the amplitude of the phase current is about 40 A.
  • the alternating voltage and the alternating current are equal in phase.
  • the time axis corresponds to the time axis of the upper representation.
  • FIG. 7 a further diagram with a time axis of the same type as the two upper diagrams is shown.
  • the voltage ⁇ course is shown on one of the converter unit capacitors 26.
  • the ordinate of the electrical voltage is assigned in V.
  • Is present per ⁇ wells one of the transducer unit capacitors 48 exemplified in terms of its voltage for each of the phases. It can be seen that the voltage across the converter unit capacitors 48 fluctuates in the rhythm of the AC voltage at the phase terminals of the second AC voltage terminal 34. At the same time, a ripple is superimposed on the voltage present at the Desispan- by the first AC voltage terminal 36 due to the effect of the A ⁇ corresponding alternating current is superimposed.
  • FIG 8 schematically shows a diagram of the second alternating selpressivesan gleich 34 of the multi-level power converter 24 be ⁇ riding detected electrical alternating voltage, which is also three-phase here. Therefore, in the diagram of FIG 8, the abscissa is a time axis, wherein said time is in Darge s ⁇ represents a voltage, and the ordinate axis, wherein the electric voltage in V is shown. It can be seen that the supplied AC voltage having a central clamping ⁇ voltage amplitude of about 500 V at a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the three phases are generated, which are shifted gegenei ⁇ Nander by about 120 °. From the illustration according to FIG.
  • each of the voltages at the phase connections is superimposed by a high-frequency ripple.
  • This ripple has the frequency of 1 kHz, which results due to the energy transfer from the multi-level energy converter 22 via the isolation transformer 16 to the multi-level energy converter 24. If necessary, additional filtering measures can be provided to dampen the ripples.
  • FIG. 9 shows current waveforms of the respective electrical phase voltages shown in FIG. 8 in a timely representation corresponding to FIG.
  • the diagram according to FIG. 9 therefore has the time axis as abscissa as in FIG. 8, whereas the ordinate is assigned to the electric current of the respective phase in A. It can be seen that the current profile of each of the three phases substantially corresponds to the sinusoidal shape and there is substantially no phase shift between the alternating voltages at the phase connections and the associated alternating currents.
  • FIG. 10 shows a voltage curve of the first terminal 36 of the multi-level energy converter 24, the abscissa again being assigned a time axis with time in s and the ordinate a voltage axis having an electrical voltage in V. It can be seen that there is an AC voltage of about 450 V in amplitude and 1 kHz in frequency.
  • FIG. 11 shows a further diagram as in FIG. 10, in which, however, a graph 84 relating to the electrical voltage, as shown in FIG. 10, shows a corresponding associated electrical current superposed with a second graph 86. It can be seen that the electrical current is in opposite phase to the electrical voltage and has an amplitude of about 80 A.
  • FIG 13 shows in a top view by means of a Gra ⁇ phen 88 is a phase voltage and by means of a graph 90 a phase current of the phases at the second electrical terminal 34 of the multi-level power converter 22, 24 tor for changing the direction of energy flow and a uniform power factors.
  • a correspondingly assigned representation of the voltages on the converter unit capacitors 48 can be found in FIG. 14.
  • FIG. 14 two diagrams are arranged one above the other, having identical time axes as abscissa and voltage axes as ordinate. The time is given in s and the voltage in V. The upper of the two representations is the
  • FIGS 15 and 16 the voltage waveforms of the three Pha ⁇ sen of the second alternating voltage terminal 34 of the two multi-level power converter 24, 26 respectively shown in a graph shown.
  • the abscissa is a time axis in which the time is indicated in s. The ordinate is assigned in the two figures in each case to the voltage which is indicated there in V.
  • FIG 15 is associated with it the multilevel ⁇ energy converter 22, whereas Figure 16 shows the Mehrpe- gelenergy converter 24 is assigned.
  • the time axes are also assigned to the time axes of FIGS. 13 and 14. It can be seen that s an energy flow change it ⁇ follows in the range of 0.27.
  • FIG. 17 shows a voltage curve at the first AC voltage connection 36, as occurs both in the multi-level energy converter 22 and in the multi-level energy converter 24.
  • the abscissa is again a time axis on which the time is shown in s, whereas the ordinate is a voltage axis on which the voltage in V is shown.
  • the AC voltage has a frequency of 1 kHz and an amplitude of about 600 V.
  • the embodiments are only illustrative of the invention and are not limiting for these. Of course, functions in particular embodiments in relation to the multi-level energy converter and the converter units can be designed arbitrarily, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un convertisseur d'énergie multi-niveaux (22, 24), destiné à convertir de l'énergie électrique, qui comprend une borne (34, 36) destinée à amener de l'énergie électrique à convertir et une autre borne (34, 36) destinée à délivrer l'énergie électrique convertie, le convertisseur d'énergie multi-niveaux (22, 24) comprend un premier circuit de convertisseur (38) qui est relié à une première des deux bornes (36) du convertisseur d'énergie multi-niveaux (22, 24) et qui comporte une pluralité d'unités de convertisseurs (26), montées en série et pourvues chacune d'un condensateur (48), et qui possède une seconde borne médiane accouplée aux bornes (34), le circuit convertisseur (38) étant raccordé pour la commande à une unité de commande afin de convertir l'énergie électrique. Selon l'invention, l'unité de commande commande les unités de convertisseur (26) pour faire fonctionner les première et seconde bornes (34, 36) en mode de tension alternative.
PCT/EP2015/071456 2014-09-30 2015-09-18 Convertisseur direct multi-niveaux modulaire à sortie de fréquence variable monophasée WO2016050533A1 (fr)

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DE102014219788.0A DE102014219788A1 (de) 2014-09-30 2014-09-30 Modularer Multilevel-Direktumrichter mit einphasigem variablen Frequenzausgang

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FR3067875B1 (fr) 2017-06-20 2019-07-19 Latelec Procede et architecture d'alimentation electrique de reseau domestique embarque

Citations (2)

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EP2458725A1 (fr) * 2010-11-30 2012-05-30 ABB Research Ltd. Système convertisseur d'énergie électrique et procédé de son fonctionnement
US20130201733A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-08-08 Deepakraj M. Divan Isolated dynamic current converters

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DE10217889A1 (de) * 2002-04-22 2003-11-13 Siemens Ag Stromversorgung mit einem Direktumrichter
DK2100368T3 (da) * 2006-12-08 2012-01-09 Siemens Ag Halvleder-beskyttelsesorgan til styring af kortslutninger i forbindelse med spændingskilde-omformere

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EP2458725A1 (fr) * 2010-11-30 2012-05-30 ABB Research Ltd. Système convertisseur d'énergie électrique et procédé de son fonctionnement
US20130201733A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-08-08 Deepakraj M. Divan Isolated dynamic current converters

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