EP3784953B1 - Optisches modul, das einen pixel-lichtstrahl projiziert - Google Patents

Optisches modul, das einen pixel-lichtstrahl projiziert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3784953B1
EP3784953B1 EP19719337.8A EP19719337A EP3784953B1 EP 3784953 B1 EP3784953 B1 EP 3784953B1 EP 19719337 A EP19719337 A EP 19719337A EP 3784953 B1 EP3784953 B1 EP 3784953B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
resolution
array
emitting diodes
emitting
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Application number
EP19719337.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3784953A1 (de
Inventor
Marie Pellarin
Sebastien ROELS
Vanesa Sanchez
Eric LANDIECH
David Bourdin
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F21S41/148Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F21S41/153Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines arranged in a matrix
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/176Light sources where the light is generated by photoluminescent material spaced from a primary light generating element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/18Combination of light sources of different types or shapes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24Light guides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/285Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24 - F21S41/2805
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/65Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
    • F21S41/663Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a light module, in particular for a motor vehicle, which is intended to project a pixel light beam performing a determined function along a longitudinal optical axis, the pixel light beam comprising a first high resolution zone and a second high resolution zone. low resolution.
  • Such light modules are capable of producing a lighting light beam, for example a high beam, divided into pixels and of which at least certain pixels can be selectively extinguished. This makes it possible, for example, to optimally illuminate the road while avoiding dazzling road users.
  • Such light modules are known under the English name “pixel beam”. For example, it is possible to divide the overall light beam into a matrix of pixels.
  • the resolution of the light beam that is to say the number of pixels per unit area, remains quite coarse.
  • the extinction of a pixel plunges into shadow a portion of the road which is often much wider than necessary to avoid dazzling a road user.
  • Such an optical module generally comprises a matrix of light-emitting diodes which is associated with a matrix of light guides.
  • Each light guide is a solid element which guides light by total internal reflections to an exit face.
  • Each light guide is associated with a light-emitting diode to produce an object pixel on the output face.
  • each light-emitting diode is associated with a light guide.
  • the exit face of the light guide is located at the focal plane subject to projection optics.
  • Some light guides have wider exit faces than other light guides.
  • the beam projected by the optical module includes a low-resolution zone (the projected image of the larger output faces) and a high-resolution zone (the projected image of the smaller output faces).
  • monolithic matrix an electroluminescent source comprising a plurality of electroluminescent elements or electroluminescent diodes, that is to say using electroluminescence, an optical and electrical phenomenon during which a material emits light in response to an electric current which crosses, or to a strong electric field.
  • the electroluminescent elements are grown from a common substrate and are electrically connected so as to be selectively activated, individually or by subset of electroluminescent elements, also called pixels.
  • the substrate may be mainly made of semiconductor material.
  • the substrate may comprise one or more other materials, for example non-semiconductors.
  • the configuration of such a monolithic source allows the arrangement of selectively activatable pixels very close to each other, compared to conventional light-emitting diodes intended to be soldered onto printed circuit boards.
  • the monolithic matrix comprises electroluminescent elements of which a main elongation dimension, namely the height, is substantially perpendicular to the common substrate, this height being at least equal to one micrometer and not being greater than one millimeter.
  • the present invention proposes a light module, in particular for a motor vehicle, which is proposed according to claim 1.
  • the particularity of the invention lies in the fact that the intermediate optical element associated with the matrix of light-emitting diodes is formed by an optical assembly convergent comprising at least one lens, said optical element projecting an image of each light-emitting diode, each image forming a high-resolution object pixel and the high-resolution object pixels being arranged contiguously to form said matrix of high-resolution object pixels.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a pixel light beam having a high resolution zone and a low resolution zone using common projection optics for the two zones.
  • the beam obtained is particularly homogeneous despite the bulk required for the electronics associated with each light source.
  • the invention also relates to a lighting device for a motor vehicle characterized in that it comprises a light module produced according to the teachings of the invention.
  • projection optics of the light emitted by the semiconductor light source is defined as follows.
  • This projection optics creates a real, and possibly anamorphic, image of a part of the device, for example the source itself or a cover, or of an intermediate image of the source, at a very large distance (finite or infinite). in front of the dimensions of the device (a ratio of the order of at least 30, preferably 100) of the device.
  • This projection optics may consist of one or more reflectors, or one or more lenses, or one or more light guides or even a combination of these possibilities.
  • a "light guide by total internal reflection” is defined as being an optical part capable of guiding light by total internal reflection of this light, for example from a zone of entry to an exit zone. It can be a guide sheet.
  • a “guide sheet” is a guide whose thickness is small compared to its length and width. It can be curved and have a given curve. Thus the sheet has two extended faces separated by a periphery, this periphery defining a thickness of the sheet, which can be variable, for example decreasing from one end to the other. These extended faces form guide faces delimiting a zone of propagation of light rays, by internal reflection on these faces.
  • a "light guide by reflection on a reflective surface” is defined as being an optical part capable of guiding light by reflection of this light on the reflective walls forming the guide, for example from an entry zone to an exit zone.
  • a light converter or "luminophore” comprises at least one luminescent material designed to absorb at least part of at least one excitation light emitted by a light source and to convert to at least a portion of said excitation light absorbed into emission light having a wavelength different from that of the excitation light.
  • the phosphor may for example contain one or more of the phosphor compounds from the following group: Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ (YAG), (Sr,Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ , Ca x (Si,Al) 12 (O,N) 16 :Eu 2+ , CaAlSiN 3 :Eu 2+ , Ca 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ , La 2 O 2 S:Eu 3+ , (Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg) 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 :Eu 2+ , BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ , (Si, Al) 6 (O, N):Eu 2+ , BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ Mn 2+ , SrS:Eu 2+ , Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 : Eu 2+ , SrGa 2 S 4 :Eu 2+ , (Y,Gd) 3 (
  • the compounds Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ (YAG), (Sr,Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ , and Ca x (Si,Al) 12 (O,N) 16 :Eu 2+ are configured to absorb at least partly a blue-colored light and to emit yellow-colored light in response.
  • the compounds SrS:Eu 2+ , and Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ are configured to absorb at least in part blue-colored light and to emit red-colored light in response.
  • the compound (Y,Gd) 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ / (Ba,Sr,Ca)Si 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ is configured to at least partly absorb blue-colored light and to emit white light in response.
  • the compounds (Si, Al) 6 (O, N):Eu 2+ , BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ Mn 2+ , and SrGa 2 S 4 :Eu 2+ are configured to absorb at least in part electromagnetic radiation ultraviolet and to emit green light in response.
  • the compounds (Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg) 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 :Eu 2+ , and BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ are configured to absorb at least in part ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation and to emit in response to blue light.
  • the compounds CaAlSiN 3 :Eu 2+ , Ca 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ , and La 2 O 2 S:Eu 3+ are configured to absorb at least in part ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation and to emit in response red colored light.
  • the lighting device 12 comprises a light module 14 which produces a pixel light beam 16 which performs a specific lighting function. This is a high beam function.
  • the light beam with pixels 16 is emitted along a substantially longitudinal emission axis "A" towards the front of the vehicle 10.
  • a vertical transverse screen 18 has been arranged at a determined longitudinal distance in front of the vehicle 10.
  • the screen 18 is here arranged 25 m from the vehicle.
  • the pixel light beam 16 illuminates a part of the screen 18 which is divided into two distinct and substantially contiguous zones 20, 22. It thus comprises a first high resolution zone 20 which is arranged in the center of the pixel light beam 16. It also has a second low resolution zone 22 which is arranged on the periphery of the pixel light beam 16, around the high resolution zone resolution 20.
  • the two zones 20, 22 are connected but they do not overlap.
  • Each zone 20, 22 is broken down into several pixels 24, 26 which are substantially contiguous.
  • Each pixel 24, 26 has the shape of a rectangle or square.
  • the pixels 24, 26 of each zone are connected to each other so that, when they are all lit, the pixel light beam 16 illuminates a determined region of the screen 18 in a substantially homogeneous manner.
  • each pixel 24, 26 can be individually controlled between an off state and an on state. When a pixel 24, 26 is turned off, the screen portion 18 corresponding to this pixel 24, 26 is no longer illuminated by the pixel light beam 16. It is thus possible to shape the pixel light beam 16 to leave selectively in shadow certain portions of the screen 18 while illuminating around these portions.
  • the high resolution area 20 has a higher resolution than the low resolution area 22. This means that the pixel density 24 of the high resolution area 20 is greater than the pixel density 26 of the low resolution area 22. This results in the fact that each pixel 24 of the high resolution zone 20 has transverse dimensions and. vertical lower than those of a pixel 26 of the low resolution zone 22.
  • each pixel 24 of the high resolution zone 20 extends over a vertical field of less than 1°, in particular 0.5° and preferably 0.3°, and over a horizontal field of less than 1°, in particular 0. .5° and preferably 0.3°.
  • each pixel 26 of the low resolution zone 22 extends over a vertical field greater than 1° and over a horizontal field greater than 1°.
  • the high resolution zone 20 extends for example transversely over a horizontal field which includes at least the interval [-4°, +4°] transversely on either side of the optical axis "A".
  • the high resolution zone 20 extends for example transversely over a vertical field which includes at least the interval [-4°, +4°] vertically on either side of the optical axis "A" .
  • all the pixels 24 of the high resolution zone 20 are identical in shape and dimensions.
  • all the pixels 26 of the low resolution zone 22 are identical in shape and dimensions.
  • the pixels of the low resolution zone have different shapes and/or dimensions.
  • the pixels of the upper end transverse line may have a rectangular shape stretched upwards, or the transverse end pixels may have a rectangular shape stretched transversely.
  • the invention proposes an optical module 14 that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • an optical module 14 that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • Each zone 20, 22 of the light beam with pixels 16 is produced by light sources and associated optical elements. We will begin by describing the elements making it possible to produce the high resolution zone 20 of the light beam with pixels 16, then we will describe the elements making it possible to produce the low resolution zone 22 of the light beam with pixels 16.
  • the optical module 14 comprises at least one matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 extending orthogonally to the optical axis "A". This matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes is intended to illuminate the high-resolution zone 20 of the pixel light beam 16.
  • the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28 can be controlled individually or can be controlled individually in groups.
  • the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28 each have a light emitting surface which are all identical in shape and dimension.
  • the light emitting surfaces of two adjacent light-emitting diodes 30 are regularly spaced apart transversely by a determined transverse space and they are regularly spaced vertically by a determined vertical space. The larger of the two spaces is called “determined maximum space” and is referenced “E”.
  • the space “E” is here the same for all the adjacent light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28, both in a vertical direction and in a transverse direction.
  • the space is different in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction, the maximum space "E" being able to be defined either in the vertical direction or in the horizontal direction.
  • All the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28 are carried by a common printed circuit board.
  • the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 is a monolithic matrix, also known by the English name "monolithic leds array".
  • the dimensions light emitting surfaces of each light-emitting diode 30 are of the order of 10 to 200 micrometers.
  • the light-emitting diodes 30 are produced on the same substrate forming a single chip.
  • the matrix 28 can have a large number of rows and columns of light-emitting diodes 30, for example 32 rows by 32 columns, or even 32 rows by 96 columns.
  • a monolithic light-emitting diode matrix may for example comprise approximately 500 light-emitting diodes, preferably approximately 1000 light-emitting diodes.
  • the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 is formed by the arrangement of several distinct light-emitting diodes 30 forming individual chips.
  • the light-emitting diodes 30 are arranged on the same printed circuit board.
  • the dimensions of the light emitting surface of a light-emitting diode 30 are greater than 0.5 millimeters.
  • the number of light-emitting diodes 30 contained in the matrix is for example 2 rows by 24 columns or even 3 rows by 30 columns.
  • Such a matrix 28 comprises for example around ten light-emitting diodes 30.
  • the optical module 14 also comprises at least one intermediate optical element 32 intended to form high-resolution object pixels 34 from the light-emitting diodes 30.
  • Each optical element 32 directs the light rays emitted by a light-emitting diode 30 towards a defined area of the focal plane object P of projection optics 44 to form an associated high-resolution object pixel 34.
  • the object pixels 34 are arranged in a substantially contiguous manner to form a matrix of object pixels 34.
  • This matrix of object pixels 34 forms an image of the matrix 28 of diodes.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 associated with the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 is here formed by at least one optical assembly which projects an image of each light-emitting diode 30, each image forming a high-resolution object pixel 34.
  • each high-resolution object pixel 34 is formed by an image of a light-emitting diode 30.
  • the object pixels 34 are arranged axially in front of and at a distance from the intermediate optical element 32.
  • Such an intermediate optical element 32 can be applied to all embodiments of the invention.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 is here formed by a single converging optical assembly 32 having a single optical axis and comprising at least one lens.
  • the optical assembly is here symbolized by a converging lens 32.
  • the optical assembly 32 is common to all the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28.
  • the object focus "F" of the intermediate optical element 32 is here interposed axially between the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 and said intermediate optical element 32.
  • the axial position of the intermediate optical element 32 and its vergence are determined as a function of the size of the object pixels 34 which it is desired to obtain to produce the high resolution zone 20 of the pixel light beam 16.
  • the matrix 28 comprises very small light-emitting diodes 30, for example in the case of a monolithic matrix, it may be advantageous to enlarge the object pixels 34 in relation to the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28.
  • This makes it possible to to obtain a sufficiently large high resolution zone 20, pixels that are too small being of no interest in the context of a road or crossing light beam. This is for example a homothetic enlargement.
  • the ratio between the size of the object pixels 34 and the size of each light-emitting diode 30 of the matrix 28 is for example between 1 and 2. Given that the object pixels 34 are arranged in a substantially contiguous manner, the matrix of object pixels 34 thus obtained has dimensions greater than those of the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • the matrix 28 comprises light-emitting diodes 30 of larger dimensions, for example greater than 0.5 mm
  • This makes it possible to obtain image pixels of sufficiently small dimensions to obtain a high resolution zone 20 having a sufficiently high resolution in the context of a road or crossing light beam. This is for example a homothetic reduction.
  • the ratio between the size of the object pixels 34 and the size of the light-emitting diodes 30 is for example between 0.5 and 1. Given that the object pixels 34 are arranged in a substantially contiguous manner, the matrix of object pixels 34 thus obtained has dimensions smaller than those of the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 associated with the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 is formed by a light guide with a cellular structure in which the light is guided by reflection on a reflective surface.
  • the high-resolution object pixel 34 is formed directly at the exit of the light guide 32, and not remotely as is the case for the embodiment comprising at least one optical assembly.
  • the high resolution object pixel 34 is formed directly by the output of the light guide and not by an image as is the case in the examples illustrated in the figures.
  • the object pixels 34 have substantially the same dimensions as the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28.
  • each pixel 26 of the low resolution zone 22 is produced a light source 36, hereinafter called "low resolution", which does not belong to the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • the low-resolution light source 36 is for example formed by a light-emitting diode or by a group of light-emitting diodes controlled simultaneously. Each light-emitting diode forms a low-resolution light source 36 which is carried by a printed circuit board 46.
  • each low resolution light source 36 is spaced from adjacent light sources, including those belonging to the matrix 28, by a distance greater than the determined space "E".
  • Each low resolution light source 36 is associated with a primary optical element 38 distinct from the intermediate optical element 32.
  • the primary optical element 38 is intended to form a low-resolution object pixel in the same vertical plane as the high-resolution object pixels 34.
  • Each low-resolution object pixel is powered by one of the low-resolution light sources 36.
  • the low-resolution object pixels are arranged substantially contiguous to the matrix of high-resolution object pixels in order to form the low-resolution zone 22 after projection. This means that each low resolution object pixel is more particularly distinct from other low resolution object pixels, as well as from high resolution object pixels.
  • each primary optical element 38 is formed by a light guide 38.
  • Each light guide 38 has an entrance face 40 receiving light rays emitted by the associated low-resolution light source 36.
  • An exit face 42 of each light guide 38 is arranged substantially in the same plane than the object pixels 34 of the matrix 28.
  • Each output face 42 is intended to form a low resolution object pixel.
  • the light guide 38 is for example a light guide formed from a solid piece of transparent material which guides the light by total internal reflection.
  • each light guide 38 has a square or rectangular section.
  • the primary optical element 38 is formed by a guide sheet.
  • a guide sheet is a light guide by total internal reflection whose thickness is much less compared to its length, which extends between the entry face and the exit face, and its width.
  • Such a guide sheet can be curved and have a curve.
  • the guide sheet is limited in the thickness direction by two extended faces and in the other directions by a slice.
  • the thickness of the guide sheet can be variable, for example decreasing from the entry face to the exit face.
  • the extended faces form guide faces delimiting a zone full of propagation of light rays by total internal reflections on said extended faces.
  • the primary optical element 38 is a light guide formed by several hollow tubes forming a cellular structure which has internal reflective surfaces which guide the light.
  • the tubes open at their two ends into the inlet face and into the outlet face, respectively.
  • the primary optical element is formed by reflectors and/or collimation lenses, etc.
  • two adjacent output faces 42 are substantially contiguous so that the limit between said two low-resolution object pixels cannot be appreciably distinguished when the associated low-resolution light sources 36 are turned on.
  • the output faces 42 which are adjacent to the matrix of object pixels 34 are substantially contiguous with said matrix of object pixels 34 so that the limit between said output faces 42 and the matrix of pixels is not appreciably distinguishable. objects 34 when the associated low-resolution light sources 36 are turned on.
  • each high resolution object pixel 34 formed by each light emitting diode 30 of the matrix 28 has dimensions, both transverse and vertical, smaller than the dimensions of a low resolution object pixel, here formed by the exit face 42 of each light guide 38.
  • the optical module 14 further comprises a single common projection optics 44 which has a generally vertical transverse object focal plane "P" which is arranged longitudinally behind said projection optics 44.
  • the high resolution object pixels 34 and the low resolution object pixels are substantially arranged in the object focal plane P.
  • the high solution object pixels 34 and the low resolution object pixels are then projected by the projection optics 40 substantially to form the area of high resolution 20 and low resolution area 22 respectively.
  • the object focal plane "P" is substantially coincident with the image plane to form the high resolution zone 20 of the light beam with pixels 16.
  • the exit faces 42 of the light guides 38 are also substantially coincident with the object focal plane "P" to form the low resolution zone 22 of the pixel light beam 16.
  • the projection optics 44 forms the pixel light beam 16 by projecting the image of the high-resolution object pixel matrix 34 and the image of the output faces 42 to infinity.
  • the projection optics 44 creates a real, and possibly anamorphic, image of the output faces 42 of the light guides 38 and of the high-resolution object pixel matrix, at a distance, finite or infinite, very large compared to the dimensions of the optical module 14 , for example a ratio of the order of at least 30, preferably 100.
  • This projection optics 44 can consist of one or more reflectors, or of one or more lenses, possibly in combination with one or more guides of light or even a combination of these possibilities.
  • the projection optics 44 is formed by a converging lens.
  • the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28 emit white light.
  • the low resolution light sources 36 are light-emitting diodes which emit white light.
  • the printed circuit boards 46 carrying the low resolution light sources 36 are arranged in the same transverse vertical plane.
  • the printed circuit boards 46 carrying the low resolution light sources 36 are coplanar with the matrix 28 of light emitting diodes 30.
  • the low resolution light sources 36 can thus be arranged on the same printed circuit board as the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • the largest vertical or horizontal space “E” remains less than the distance which separates each source light 36 of matrix 28.
  • the light guides 38 are shaped in such a way that the exit face 42 is arranged closer to the optical axis "A" with respect to the input face 40.
  • the output face 42 is more particularly arranged in a substantially contiguous manner with the matrix of high-resolution object pixels 34.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 is made in a single piece, made in one piece, with the adjacent light guides 38. This makes it possible to reduce the number of elements to be mounted in the optical module 14.
  • a second embodiment of the invention has been shown at Figure 4 .
  • the only difference with the first embodiment of the invention lies in the arrangement of the low resolution light sources 36.
  • the printed circuit boards 46 carrying the low-resolution light sources 36 are arranged in a plane forming an angle relative to the plane of the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • the printed circuit boards 46 form an angle of 90° relative to the plane of the matrix 28.
  • the light-emitting diodes forming the low-resolution light sources 36 can thus be arranged on horizontal printed circuit boards 46 distinct from that carrying the matrix 28.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to promote the dissipation of the heat produced by the different light sources 30, 36, in particular by equipping each printed circuit board with an associated radiator.
  • the radiators being each oriented in an associated direction, their cooling, in particular by air circulation, is facilitated.
  • This arrangement also makes it possible to adapt the optical module 14 to different vehicle architectures while taking up less space vertically or transversely.
  • a third embodiment of the invention has been shown at Figure 5 .
  • the low resolution light sources 36 are arranged in a plane parallel to that of the matrix 28 but offset longitudinally towards the object plane "P" of the projection optics 44.
  • the transverse vertical printed circuit board 46 which carries the light-emitting diodes forming the low-resolution light sources 36 also serves as a mount for the intermediate optical element 32, here a converging lens.
  • the printed circuit board 46 commonly carries the low resolution light sources 36 and the intermediate optical element 32.
  • a fourth embodiment of the invention has been shown at Figure 6 .
  • This fourth embodiment concerns more particularly the intermediate optical element 32 associated with the matrix 28. It can be combined with all the other embodiments of the invention.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 comprises a plurality of optical assemblies 32A, 32B, 32C of small size which have each an optical axis associated with a light-emitting diode 30 of the matrix 28. These small optical assemblies 32A, 32B, 32C are also called microlenses.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 thus forms a matrix of microlenses 32A, 32B, 32C, each of which is associated with a light-emitting diode 30 of the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes.
  • This configuration makes it possible to obtain object pixels 34 formed by individual images of each light-emitting diode 30 of the matrix 28.
  • the microlenses 32A, 32B, 32C are advantageously designed and arranged so that the high resolution object pixels 34 are perfectly joined.
  • This embodiment also makes it possible to individually modify the dimensions of the high-resolution object pixels 34 in relation to those of the associated light-emitting diode 30.
  • each microlens 32A, 32B, 32C is designed to horizontally stretch the high-resolution object pixel 34 relative to the associated light-emitting diode 30.
  • 34 high-resolution object pixels are joined horizontally.
  • the vertical junction between the high resolution object pixels 34 is then produced by slightly tilting the microlenses relative to each other around a transverse axis to vertically bring the high resolution object pixels 34 closer to each other. We thus obtain image pixels of rectangular shape which are contiguous.
  • each microlens is associated with a light guide which makes it possible to precisely direct the light rays of a light-emitting diode 30 towards the associated microlens 32A, 32B, 32C without illuminating the adjacent microlenses.
  • the high resolution object pixel 34 is arranged longitudinally in front of and at a distance from the microlenses 32A, 32B, 32C.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 is formed by a light guide.
  • the low resolution light sources 36 are formed by light-emitting diodes which emit white light.
  • each light-emitting diode 30 of the matrix 28 here emits monochromatic light, for example blue light. It will be understood that light-emitting diodes form incoherent sources of light, harmless to the eyes. They do not form a coherent source of light such as a laser beam.
  • the optical module 14 comprises in this case a photoluminescent element 48 sensitive to the wavelength of the monochromatic light which is arranged longitudinally in front of and at a distance from the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • the photoluminescent element 48 has the shape of 'a vertical transverse plate in the direction of thickness by a rear face and by a front face.
  • the photoluminescent element is a phosphor plate 48.
  • the front face of the photoluminescent element 48 is arranged in the object focal plane "P" of the projection optics 44, in coincidence with the exit face of the light guide forming the intermediate optical element 32.
  • edges of the photoluminescent element 48 are contiguous with the exit faces 42 of the light guides 38 associated with the low resolution light sources 36 which surround it.
  • each light-emitting diode 30 thus reach an associated zone of the rear face of the photoluminescent element 48. This causes excitation of said zone of the photoluminescent element 48 which in return emits white light from its front face .
  • This zone corresponds substantially to the high-resolution object pixel 34 associated with said light-emitting diode 30.
  • monochromatic light-emitting diodes 30 for the matrix 28 makes it possible in particular to avoid the appearance of chromatic aberrations, in particular by the passage of light rays through the intermediate optical element 32 associated with the matrix 28. This advantage is all the more important as the dimension of the emitting surfaces of the light-emitting diodes 30 is reduced.
  • monochromatic light-emitting diodes 30 makes it possible to produce intermediate optical elements 32 comprising prisms without risk of chromatic aberration.
  • the photoluminescent element 48 makes it possible to slightly diffuse the light in its plane in order to reduce the space between the adjacent high-resolution object pixels 34 compared to the determined space "E" between the light-emitting diodes 30 associated on the matrix 28 so that two object pixels 34 are substantially contiguous.
  • the intermediate optical element 32 associated with the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 is no longer a light guide but an optical assembly as in the first embodiment. This makes it possible in particular to enlarge or reduce the size of the high-resolution object pixel 34 relative to the actual size of the light-emitting diodes 30 of the matrix 28, as has already been explained previously.
  • the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30 is arranged in a transverse vertical plane which is offset longitudinally towards the object focal plane "P" relative to the plane of the low-resolution light sources 36.
  • the low resolution light sources 36 and the matrix 28 are carried by a common support 50.
  • the common support 50 has a front transverse vertical face which is provided with a base 52 projecting longitudinally forward to receive the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • This configuration makes it possible to reduce the length of the light guide forming the intermediate optical element 32 associated with the matrix 28 of light-emitting diodes 30.
  • This arrangement makes it easier to dissipate the heat emitted by the different light sources 36, 30. It also makes it possible to adapt the architecture of the optical module 14 to different configurations.

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Claims (18)

  1. Leuchtmodul (14), insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, das dazu bestimmt ist, ein Pixellichtbündel (16) zu projizieren, das eine bestimmte Funktion entlang einer optischen Längsachse (A) ausführt und einen ersten Bereich mit hoher Auflösung (20) beleuchtet, der mehr Pixel je Flächeneinheit umfasst als ein zweiter Bereich mit geringer Auflösung (22), wobei die Bereiche (20, 22) verschieden und im Wesentlichen aneinanderstoßen, wobei das Leuchtmodul (14) umfasst:
    - mindestens eine Matrix (28) aus einzeln gesteuerten Leuchtdioden (30), die sich senkrecht zu der optischen Achse (A) erstreckt;
    - eine Projektionsoptik (44), die eine Objektbrennebene (P) aufweist;
    - mindestens ein optisches Zwischenelement (32), das ausgehend von den Leuchtdioden (30) eine Matrix aus im Wesentlichen aneinanderstoßenden Objektpixeln (34) hoher Auflösung bildet, die im Wesentlichen in der Objektbrennebene (P) der Projektionsoptik (44) angeordnet ist, um, nach Projektion, den Bereich mit hoher Auflösung (20) zu bilden,
    wobei das Leuchtmodul (14) Lichtquellen (36) mit geringer Auflösung umfasst, die von der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) beabstandet sind, und primäre optische Elemente (38), die von dem optischen Zwischenelement (32) verschieden sind und die ausgehend von den Lichtquellen (36) mit geringer Auflösung Objektpixel geringer Auflösung bilden, die im Wesentlichen in der Objektbrennebene (P) der Projektionsoptik (44) auf im Wesentlichen aneinanderstoßende Weise mit der Matrix aus Objektpixeln (24) hoher Auflösung angeordnet sind, um, nach Projektion, den Bereich mit geringer Auflösung (22) zu bilden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das optische Zwischenelement (32), das der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) zugeordnet ist, durch eine konvergente optischen Anordnung gebildet wird, die mindestens eine Linse umfasst, wobei das optische Element ein Bild jeder Leuchtdiode (32) projiziert, wobei jedes Bild ein Objektpixel (34) hoher Auflösung bildet und wobei die Objektpixel hoher Auflösung aneinanderstoßend angeordnet sind, um die Matrix aus Objektpixeln hoher Auflösung zu bilden.
  2. Leuchtmodul (14) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass benachbarte Leuchtdioden (30), die zu der Matrix (28) gehören, um einen bestimmten Abstand (E) beabstandet sind, wobei die Lichtquelle (36) mit geringer Auflösung, die zu der Matrix (28) benachbart ist, von der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) um eine Distanz beabstandet ist, die größer als der bestimmte Abstand (E) ist.
  3. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Lichtquelle (36) von einer Leiterplatte getragen wird, die parallel zu der Ebene der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) angeordnet ist.
  4. Leuchtmodul (14) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Lichtquelle (36) von einer Leiterplatte getragen wird, die in einer Ebene angeordnet ist, die einen Winkel in Bezug auf die Ebene der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) bildet, insbesondere einen Winkel von 90°.
  5. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das optische Zwischenelement (32) durch eine einzige optische Anordnung gebildet wird, die eine einzige optische Achse aufweist, die allen Leuchtdioden (30) der Matrix (28) gemeinsam ist.
  6. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das optische Zwischenelement (32) eine Mehrzahl von optischen Anordnungen (32A, 32B, 32C) umfasst, die jeweils eine optische Achse aufweisen, die einer Leuchtdiode (30) der Matrix (28) zugeordnet ist.
  7. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Objektbrennpunkt (F) der konvergenten Linse, die das optische Element (32) bildet, das der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) zugeordnet ist, axial zwischen die Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) und das optische Element (32) gesetzt ist.
  8. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) eine monolithische Matrix ist, die beispielsweise etwa 500 Leuchtdioden, bevorzugt etwa 1000 Leuchtdioden umfasst.
  9. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Objektpixel (34) hoher Auflösung in Bezug auf die Leuchtdiode (30), die der Matrix (28) zugeordnet ist, vergrößert ist.
  10. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) durch die Anordnung von mehreren verschiedenen Leuchtdioden (30) auf einer selben Leiterplatte gebildet wird, beispielsweise etwa zehn Leuchtdioden (30).
  11. Leuchtmodul (14) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Objektpixel (34) hoher Auflösung in Bezug auf die Leuchtdiode (30), die der Matrix (28) zugeordnet ist, verkleinert ist.
  12. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das primäre optische Element (38), das jeder Lichtquelle (36) mit niedriger Auflösung zugeordnet ist, ein Lichtleiter ist, der aus einem massiven Teil aus transparentem Material gebildet wird, welches das Licht durch innere Totalreflexion leitet.
  13. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das primäre optische Element (38), das jeder Lichtquelle (36) mit niedriger Auflösung zugeordnet ist, ein Lichtleiter ist, der durch eine zellige Struktur gebildet wird, die reflektierende innere Flächen umfasst, die das Licht leiten.
  14. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Leuchtdiode (30) der Matrix (28) weißes Licht aussendet.
  15. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Leuchtdiode (30) der Matrix (28) monochromatisches Licht aussendet, das von dem optischen Zwischenelement (32) bis zu einem photolumineszierenden Element (48) geleitet wird, das in der Objektbrennebene (P) der Projektionsoptik (44) angeordnet ist, um ein zugeordnetes Objektpixel (34) hoher Auflösung zu bilden.
  16. Leuchtmodul (14) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das photolumineszierende Element (48) eine Platte aus Luminophor ist.
  17. Leuchtmodul (14) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein primäres optisches Element (38) durch einen Lichtleiter (38) gebildet wird, der aufweist:
    - eine Eintrittsseite (40), die Lichtstrahlen empfängt, die von einer zugeordneten Lichtquelle (36) mit geringer Auflösung ausgesendet werden, die von der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) verschieden ist;
    - eine Austrittsseite (42), die ein Objektpixel geringer Auflösung bildet, die im Wesentlichen in der Objektbrennebene (P) der Projektionsoptik (44) angeordnet ist und die an die Objektpixel (34) der Matrix (28) aus Leuchtdioden (30) anstößt.
  18. Beleuchtungsvorrichtung (12) für ein Kraftfahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Lichtmodul (14) umfasst, das nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ausgeführt ist.
EP19719337.8A 2018-04-27 2019-04-26 Optisches modul, das einen pixel-lichtstrahl projiziert Active EP3784953B1 (de)

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FR1853755A FR3080670A1 (fr) 2018-04-27 2018-04-27 Module optique projetant un faisceau lumineux a pixels
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WO2024044424A1 (en) * 2022-08-25 2024-02-29 Apple Inc. Vehicle lights with multiple functions
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DE102023201959A1 (de) 2023-03-03 2024-09-05 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Lichtverteilung durch einen Scheinwerfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs sowie Scheinwerfer zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

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