EP3779046B1 - Moulded concrete panel for dry screed or floor covering - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a molded concrete slab for a dry screed or for a floor covering, in particular for a gas station.

It is known to use rectangular shaped concrete slabs for laying a dry screed, which has the advantage over a conventional screed that the screed can be walked on much more quickly, so that the floor covering can be applied after just a few days. The known molded concrete slabs generally have a groove on one side edge and a tongue on the other side edge, and they are laid in such a way that the tongue on one slab engages in the groove on the other slab. This means that the laying work is relatively time-consuming and can only be carried out by appropriate specialists. In addition, it is felt to be disadvantageous that edge plates have to be specially cut, which in turn is time-consuming and often results in greater plate losses.

That's it DE 28 11 348 A1 a preformed concrete slab with a circumferential groove in the side edges of the slab so that slabs can be placed from either side.

The DE 202 09 502 U1 shows a square floor covering element with profiles on the peripheral sides. A groove is formed on two circumferential sides, and a tongue is formed on two further circumferential sides. The groove and tongue each have a circular cross-section, with the radius of the groove being larger than the radius of the tongue.

However, it is still disadvantageous that the tongue and groove connection is made by pushing in or pushing in the panels, which on the one hand requires free space in the direction of the panels that have not yet been laid, on the other hand pushing in is forceful and noisy, and edge areas of the panels are damaged can. Ultimately, casting molds for such plates with deep grooves are relatively sharp-edged, so that demolding is difficult and there is a high risk of rejects.

Based on the prior art, the invention proposes a concrete mold slab for laying floors as dry screed or for floor paving, in particular for a gas station, which can be laid without pushing into an adjacent slab and which offers manufacturing advantages of simpler demoulding.

This object is achieved by the paving stone pallet assembly according to claim 1 presented below.

The invention is based on a molded concrete slab for laying a floor covering, in particular as a dry screed or as a gas station floor covering, with a length L, a width B and a height H. For this purpose, a tongue edge with a tongue bar and a groove edge with a joint groove are provided on two opposite edge edges designed to form a joint with an adjacent concrete mold slab in the manner of a tongue and groove connection.

It is proposed that the tongue edge and the groove edge are designed in the manner of a stop hinge, so that at a joint the tongue edge of a concrete molding can be smoothly inserted into the groove edge of an adjacent concrete molding by means of a rotary movement.

Thus, a concrete mold slab can be used angled in the direction of the tongue edge in a groove edge of an already laid concrete mold slab and through a countersinking movement the tongue edge slips into the groove edge and these are positively connected to each other. Compared to the prior art, it is not necessary to lay the panels at a distance from one another and to push the tongue edge linearly into the groove edge. There is no need for a laying distance as a free space, especially for an edge panel in cramped conditions, and there is no need to apply joints that could damage the panel edges. The laying process is much quieter and can be carried out by one worker while standing. The stop hinge function is caused by the interaction of the spring bar, which already protrudes into the joint groove when placed on the groove edge, and the joint groove. The joint groove includes a protruding support bar that serves as a stop as soon as the two adjacent concrete mold slabs are aligned and the tongue bar is fully inserted in the joint groove.

The spring edge has a locking edge set back from the spring bar and a depositing edge set back from the spring bar, the setback length Is of the locking edge being smaller than the setback length la of the depositing edge. This ensures that a stop effect can be achieved by the support edge of the spring edge and the support web of the joint groove. In cross section, the spring bar thus protrudes less far out of the spring edge when viewed from the top than when viewed from the bottom.

In an advantageous embodiment, the groove edge can have a closing web protruding from the joint groove and a support web protruding from the joint groove, wherein the projection length Is of the closing web can be smaller than the projection length la of the support web. The support web represents the abutment of the joint groove and Since the projection length Is of the underside support bar is greater than the projection length of the upper-side closing bar, the spring bar of the adjacent ones
The concrete mold slab is first set down on the support web and pushed into the joint groove by means of the countersinking movement.

In an advantageous embodiment, the projection length Is of the closing web can be preferably equal to or less than the recess length Is of the blocking edge and the projection length la of the support web is less than or equal to the recess length la of the storage edge. Thus, after the joining of two adjacent concrete slabs, the upper side of the composite slab is closed, since the closing web is accommodated in the adjacent blocking edge. Advantageously, the lengths of the support bar and storage edge are the same, if they vary, a channel can be formed on the underside, e.g. for laying pipes or lines.

It can also be advantageous that all of the specified dimensions, in particular the projection length Is, the recess length Is, the specified radii and/or heights hsm, hsp, ham, hap have play. Playful in this context means both a production-typical tolerance deviation from a desired nominal dimension, as well as a deliberate reduction or enlargement with regard to an extended loose fit of the tongue and groove connection, so that a tongue and groove connection with play can be produced in all positions and possibly also with a degree of soiling typical of a construction site is. In particular, the play dimensions can be reduced or increased by 1.5% to 8% compared to a play-free dimension, preferably 2% to 5%. In addition, the play can have an absolute dimension of less than 3 mm, preferably 1 mm, in particular 0.5 mm. The game can relate to all relevant dimensions of the tongue and groove connection, but also only to selected dimensions, in particular to the length dimensions Is and/or height dimensions hsm, hsp, ham, hap.

Based on the two aforementioned embodiments, it is also advantageous that at a joint the depositing edge of a concrete molding can rest on the support bar of the adjacent concrete molding and that the locking edge of the concrete molding can rest on the closing bar of the adjacent concrete molding. In this respect, a closed upper side and a mechanically firm support of the tongue edge on the adjacent groove edge are achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the spring bar can be rounded off with a radius R1m and the joint groove can be rounded off with a radius R1p, with the radius R1m of the spring bar preferably being equal to or smaller than the radius R1p of the joint groove. Due to the rounded shape, demolding during production can be achieved easily and quickly with reduced rejects. If the radii are the same, it is possible for the tongue edge to lie across the entire surface in the groove edge. At a radius R1m of the spring bar that is reduced - even only slightly - by up to approx. 5% to 10% compared to the radius R1p of the joint bar, a simplified introduction of the spring bar into the joint groove can be achieved even on uneven surfaces.

Based on the two above-mentioned embodiments, it is also advantageous that the locking edge and the depositing edge have an inner radius R2, which can be the same as or larger than an inner radius R2 of the closing bar and the support bar. The inner radius is the radius that is closer to the joint groove or spring bar. Rounded corners simplify the joining process when two panels are swiveled in, and demoulding during production is also made easier.

Based on the two above-mentioned embodiments, it is also advantageous that the locking edge and the depositing edge have an outer radius R3, which can be the same size as an outer radius R3 of the closing bar and the support bar. The outer radius is the radius that is closer to the top or bottom of the concrete molding. Rounded corners simplify the joining process when two panels are swiveled in, and demoulding during production is also made easier.

The radii R2 and R3 are advantageously of the same size. It is conceivable to choose the radii R3 lying on the upper side as small as possible in order to obtain the smallest possible groove depths of the joint at the joints of adjacent plates.

In an advantageous variant of the embodiment described above, the radius R1m of the spring bar and the radius R1p of the joint groove can be 10% to 25%, preferably 16.6%, of the height H of the concrete mold slab 16 . The relative size of the spring bar and the joint groove are variable, and should preferably be chosen to be the same. By increasing the radius R1p and R1m, neighboring concrete slabs interlock more tightly, by reducing them the connection is weakened, but the tread resistance of the upper side at the joint is strengthened. In particular, a size of the radii R1m and R1p of approximately 1/6 of the height of the concrete mold slab has proven to be advantageous.

In a particular embodiment according to some of the specifications mentioned above, a height hsm of the closing web may be smaller, preferably 2% to 8% smaller, or equal to a height hsp of the blocking edge, and a height ham of the support web smaller, preferably 2% to 8% smaller , or be equal to a height hap of the storage edge, with the height hsp of the locking edge and the height hap of the storage edge 22 preferably being the same, and the height hsm of the closing web 18 and the height ham of the support web 20 being the same, with in particular all heights hsm, hsp, ham, hap essentially 33.3% of the amount to the height H of the concrete form plate. Due to the slight 2%-8% reduced height of the webs of the groove edge compared to the edges of the tongue edge, an easy connection of the tongue edge to the groove edge is possible. Especially on the underside, deviating heights ham<hap and hsm<hsp of neighboring panels can be used to provide floor-side ducts, for example for the passage of cables. A division of essentially 1/3 H of the heights hsm, hsp, ham, hsp and the radii R1m and R1p of essentially 1/6 H has proven to be advantageous since this corresponds to a symmetrical division of the functional elements of the tongue edge and groove edge .

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one, in particular five, equidistant and parallel surface grooves can be arranged on an upper side, which have a conical groove opening with a groove opening angle β of greater than 0°, in particular greater than 5°. When using the concrete mold slabs, the surface grooves can be used as dry screed for laying installation lines such as electrical heating coils, electrical lines or water lines or underfloor heating lines through which fluid can flow. The surface grooves can also be used to provide predetermined breaking points for shortening the concrete form plate in order to shorten it by breaking at these points, e.g. as an end plate for a floor covering on the wall. Due to the conical slot opening, lines can be easily laid in a floor and removal of the concrete product from a formwork mold during production can be simplified. In a floor surface installation, the surface grooves can be used to facilitate rainwater drainage.

As a rule, the tongue and groove edges are formed continuously along the entire, opposite marginal edges. Advantageously, the tongue and groove edge can be formed in sections, ie not continuously along the edge. Thus, it is conceivable to provide complementary tongue and groove edge sections in a central section and/or on end sections of the peripheral edge. In addition, an equidistant division of several tongue or groove edge section areas along the edge edges can also be provided. It is also conceivable for alternate tongue and groove edge sections to be arranged along each edge, so that tongue elements and groove edge elements are arranged alternately in sections on each edge. For example, one, two or more tongue elements or one, two or more groove elements can be arranged at a distance from each edge, or one or more tongue elements and one or more groove elements can be arranged alternately. The distances or sections of the marginal edge, in which neither tongue nor groove element are provided, can be designed as ordinary blunt edges, or form concave edge constrictions, for example semi-circular or triangular incisions, in order to serve as a functional opening, for example as a drain opening, pipe or cable bushing. Mixed forms of these variants of inhomogeneously designed edge edges are also conceivable.

In addition, the tongue edge and the groove edge can advantageously have dimensions that vary along the edge. In particular, the linear dimensions of the protrusion and recess lengths la, Is can vary along the edge to form a protrusion profile that can be shaped as desired, for example undulating, jagged or curved groove edges can be formed. In addition, the heights hsp, hap, ham, hsm can vary along the edge, for example to bring about a form fit to prevent lateral slipping. As a result, adjacent concrete form slabs can be laid in a 1:1 relationship in rows, as well as laid transversely offset to one another along a row, with lateral slippage being prevented by means of a transversely acting form fit of the tongue and groove connection, thus causing exact alignment.

In ancillary aspects, a dry screed surface or a paved surface, in particular for laying a gas station area, is proposed, consisting of a large number of concrete molded slabs laid as described above. By means of the concrete mold plate according to the invention, a simple demolding process without rejects can be achieved because of the consistently concave surfaces without undercuts and sharp edges. Laying can be made possible by levering in or swiveling in adjacent panels without impact loading, with little noise and without further processing freedom, especially in cramped conditions. When laying as a paving surface, e.g. for a petrol station, the concrete form slabs can be reinforced according to the mechanical loads in height H, e.g. in heights of 10 cm, 12 cm or 14 cm. It is also possible here to dispense with surface grooves and prefer a smooth surface.

In a secondary aspect, a pallet composite of concrete mold slabs consisting of several layers of concrete mold slabs is proposed, with a flexible underlay, in particular a textile, a fleece or a film, being arranged under each layer of the concrete form slabs, and the underlay in a laying process with the layer of paving stones can be moved together. A loose support of the layer of concrete mold slabs on the base may be possible, or at least one or more individual, or all concrete mold slabs of each layer can on the base, in particular placed on the textile, fleece or film and preferably connected in a non-positive manner.

In this respect, a pallet assembly with a plurality of layers of the concrete mold slabs is proposed, with each layer of the concrete mold slabs being arranged on a coherent base, so that laying and storage of the paving stones is simplified. According to the pallet combination with a large number of ready-to-lay layers of preformed concrete slabs with an underlying, non-rigid underlay, in addition to stabilizing the preformed concrete slabs, the segregation, in technical jargon absintering, of joint material in the pavement bedding and the entry of dirt into the groundwater is prevented. This prevents fine joint material from migrating into the cavities below the concrete mold slabs and impairing the positional stability of the concrete mold slabs relative to one another, i.e. the support function can be lost due to material infiltration. The underlay prevents this and thereby increases the stability and durability of the paved surface. Also, when used as a covering for gas stations, penetration of fuel and oil can be effectively at least slowed down, in particular stopped, by the fleece.

Further advantages result from the present description of the drawings.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The drawing, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into further meaningful combinations.

Fig. 1 bis Fig. 4

Verschiedene Darstellungen einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Betonformplatte für eine Trockenestrichverlegung:

Show it:

Figures 1 to 4

Various representations of an embodiment of a concrete mold slab according to the invention for laying dry screed:

Identical elements are denoted by the same reference symbols.

In the enclosed figs 1 to 4 Various representations of an embodiment 10 of a concrete mold slab according to the invention for a dry screed are shown. show this 1 a perspective view, 2 a side view shortened with section lines with a detailed view of tongue edge 30 and groove edge 32 and 3 an unabridged page view. In the 4 a joint 12 between two adjacent, laid concrete form slabs 10 is shown in detail.

The concrete form plate has a length L, a width B and a height H. By way of example, the length L can be 500 mm, the width B 280 mm and the height H 45 mm.

The bottom 36 may be smooth and the top 34 may have five parallel surface grooves 26 spaced 100mm apart and 50mm from the tongue edge 30 and groove edge 32 respectively. The surface grooves 26 can have a concave groove shape with an opening angle β of e.g. 5° with an opening width of 6 mm and a base width of 5 mm and a groove depth of 11 mm. The opening width of the surface groove 26 may have a radius of

The radius R1m of spring bar 14 and the radius R1p of joint groove 16 can deviate only slightly from each other by about 5% to 10% and, for example, have a size of R1p=7.75 mm for the joint groove and R1m=7.25 mm for the spring bar.

Accordingly, the height hsm of the closing web 18 can be slightly smaller than the height hsp of the locking edge 24, with the closing web 18 being able to be 14.75 mm high and the locking edge 24 being 15.25 mm high, for example. Furthermore, the height ham of the support web 20 can be selected to be slightly smaller than the height hap of the storage edge 22, with the support web 20 being able to be, for example, 14.75 mm high and the storage edge 22 being 15.25 mm high. In this respect, the depositing edge 22 and locking edge 24 have identical heights and the supporting web 20 and closing web 18 are also identical in height, although these are 2% to 8% lower than the heights of the edges 22, 24 the groove edge 32 allows.

In this respect, the height of the concrete form plate is H = 2R1p+hsm+ham = 2R1m+hsp+hap.

If the aforementioned distances are observed, a slight gap of approximately 0.5 mm remains between the tongue edge 30 and the groove edge 32 of adjacent concrete mold slabs 10 .

In 2 it can be clearly seen that the projection lengths Is of the closing web and the return length of the locking edge are the same and can be 15 mm, for example. In addition, the projection lengths la of the support web and the return length la of the storage edge can be the same and can be 25 mm, for example. These sizes Is of the projection length of the closing web and the return length of the blocking edge can also differ by 1.5 to 5%, in particular by 0.5 mm, as can the sizes la Projection length of the support bar and recess length la of the storage edge. Due to these minor differences, a minor gap of 0.5 mm width at the joint 12 is made possible, so that tolerances can also be compensated here and a reliable tongue and groove connection of adjacent concrete mold slabs can be made possible.

Reference List

10

concrete mold plate

12

joint

14

spring bar

16

joint groove

18

locking bar

20

support bar

22

storage edge

24

locking edge

26

surface groove

30

feather edge

32

groove edge

34

top

36

bottom

L

Length of the concrete form plate

B

Width of the concrete form plate

H

Height of the concrete form plate

R1p

Radius of joint groove

R1m

Radius of spring bar

R2

Inner radius of the closing bar and the bearing bar

R3

Outer radius of the closing bar and the bearing bar

is

Projection length of the locking bar and recess length of the locking edge

hsm

Height of locking bar

hsp

Height of barrier edge

la

Projection length of the support bar and recess length of the storage edge

ham

Height of support bar

hap

Height shelf edge

β

Opening angle of the surface groove

Claims (14)

1. A moulded concrete slab (10) for laying a floor covering, in particular as a dry screed or as a service station floor covering, having a length (L), a width (B) and a height (H), wherein a tongue edge (30) with a tongue web (14) and a groove edge (32) with a joint groove (16) are shaped on at least two opposite end edges (30, 32) to form a joint (12) with an adjacent moulded concrete slab (10) in the manner of a tongue and groove connection, characterized in that the tongue edge (30) and the groove edge (32) are designed in the manner of a stop hinge, such that the tongue edge (30) of one moulded concrete slab (10) is smoothly insertable into the groove edge (32) of an adjacent moulded concrete slab (10) at a joint (12) by means of a rotary movement, wherein the tongue edge (30) has a blocking edge (24) set back from the tongue web (14) and a contact edge (22) set back from the tongue web (14), and the set-back length (Is) of the blocking edge (24) is smaller than the set-back length (la) of the contact edge (22), such that in a cross-section the tongue web (14) when viewed from the upper side of the moulded concrete slab (10) protrudes less far out of the tongue edge (30 than when viewed from the underside.
2. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove edge (32) has a closing web (18) projecting from the joint groove (16) and a supporting web (20) projecting from the joint groove (16), wherein the projection length (Is) of the closing web (18) is smaller than the projection length (la) of the supporting web (20).
3. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the projection length (Is) of the closing web (18) is equal to the set-back length (Is) of the blocking edge (24), and the projection length (la) of the supporting web (20) is smaller than or equal to the set-back length (la) of the contact edge (22).
4. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact edge (22) of one moulded concrete slab (10) rests on the supporting web (20) of the adjacent moulded concrete slab (10) at a joint (12), and that the blocking edge (24) of the moulded concrete slab (10) contacts the closing web (18) of the adjacent moulded concrete slab (10).
5. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongue web (14) is rounded with a radius (R1m) and the joint groove (16) is rounded with a radius (R1p), wherein preferably the radius (R1m) of the tongue web (14) is equal to or smaller, preferably 5% to 10% smaller, than the radius (R1p) of the joint groove (16).
6. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the blocking edge (24) and the contact edge (22) have an inner radius (R2) which is equal to or greater than an inner radius (R2) of the closing web (18) and of the supporting web (20).
7. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the blocking edge (24) and the contact edge (22) have an outer radius (R3) which is of equal size to an outer radius (R3) of the closing web (18) and of the supporting web (20).
8. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the radius (R1m) of the tongue web (14) and the radius (R1p) of the joint groove (16) are substantially 10% to 25%, preferably 16.6 %, of the height (H) of the moulded concrete slab (10).
9. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to claims 2 and 8, characterized in that a height (hsm) of the closing web (18) is smaller, preferably 2% to 8% smaller, than or equal to a height (hsp) of the blocking edge (24), and a height (ham) of the supporting web (20) is smaller, preferably 2% to 8% smaller, than or equal to a height (hap) of the contact edge (22), wherein preferably the height (hsp) of the blocking edge (24) and the height (hap) of the contact edge (22) are equal and the height (hsm) of the closing web (18) and the height (ham) of the supporting web (20) are equal, wherein in particular all heights (hsm, hsp, ham, hap) are substantially 33.3% of the height (H) of the moulded concrete slab (10).
10. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, in particular five, equally distanced and parallel surface grooves (26) are arranged on an upper side (34) which have a conical groove opening with a groove opening angle β of greater than 0°, in particular greater than 5°.
11. The moulded concrete slab (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongue edge (30) and the groove edge (32) are shaped only in some sections along the end edges (30, 32) and/or that the tongue edge (30) and the groove edge (32) have varying dimensions along the end edge (30, 32).
12. A dry screed surface consisting of a plurality of laid moulded concrete slabs (10) according to any of the above claims 1 to 11.
13. A paved area, in particular for laying a service station forecourt, consisting of a plurality of laid moulded concrete slabs (10) according to any of the above claims 1 to 11.
14. A pallet combination of moulded concrete slabs (10) consisting of several layers of moulded concrete slabs (10) according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a flexible underlay, in particular a textile, a non-woven or a film, is arranged underneath each layer of moulded concrete slabs (10), wherein the underlay is layable jointly with the layer of paving stones in a laying process.

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