EP3764746A1 - Operating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an operating device (10) for at least one lamp (11), comprising a voltage supply unit which provides the operating voltage required to operate at least one LED (13), input contacts (14a, 14b) for receiving control signals (17) for the lamp and a signal recognition unit (15) connected to the input contacts, the type of control signals applied to the input contacts being recognizable from a group of different types of control signals by means of the signal recognition unit, and wherein a controller (16) detects the type of control signals applied to the LED according to information contained in the control signals about the dimming value.

Description

The invention relates to an operating device according to claim 1.

The applicant has been developing and manufacturing control gear for lights for some time. Operating devices for lights include a voltage supply unit that enables connection to a mains voltage, typically to a 220V or 380V or, for example, 48V voltage source. The operating device can also comprise a transformer, if there is a need to transform a mains voltage made available.

The operating device with its power supply unit serves to supply at least one LED with operating voltage in order to be able to operate the LED.

An operating device that has been manufactured by the applicant for many years and cannot be documented in printed form has input contacts for receiving control signals for the lamp. The control signals applied to the input contacts are transmitted to a controller on the operating device, which can understand or interpret the control signals applied to the input contacts and convert or convert them into control values for the LEDs. In this respect, the controller can supply the LEDs with operating voltage based on control signals present, in particular in such a way that the LEDs assume a specific dimming state or switching state transmitted via the control signals present as dimming value information.

The applicant has been manufacturing different operating devices for different types of control signals for some time. For example, control signals of a digital type are known which, for. B. the DALI protocol are subject to a common and customary control protocol in the field of lighting control.

In addition, the applicant's operating devices are known which are designed to process analog control signals, for example phase control signals or phase control signals. Such signals are generated, for example, by analog dimmers.

Finally, the applicant's operating devices are also known which can process button-generated signals. These are signals that are transmitted by a z. B. wall-mounted button can be generated, which with a short press causes a switch-off - or on - the light, and when held down for a longer period of time enables the dimming value to be set.

The known operating devices are specifically designed differently depending on the different types of control signals and have corresponding different electronic elements in order to be able to process the signals.

In addition, operating devices have become known which, as universal operating devices, provide different connecting terminals for different types of control signals. For example, a first pair of connection terminals or input contacts can be provided, which is used when, for example, electrical lines are connected via which DALI control signals are transmitted, and a second pair of connection terminals or input contacts are provided which are assigned corresponding lines via which, for example, phase angle signals are to be transmitted. When connecting the luminaire, the fitter or electrician can use the corresponding connection terminals provided on the control gear - knowing the intended type of control of the control gear - select and document.

Starting from this, the object of the invention is to further develop the applicant's known operating device in such a way that simplified and safe handling is achieved.

The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1.

The principle of the invention essentially consists in assigning a signal recognition unit to the operating device. The signal recognition unit is arranged behind the input contacts in the signal flow direction. Different types of control signals can be applied to the input contacts. The signal recognition unit is able to recognize the type of control signals applied to the input contacts. According to the invention, different types of control signals can be applied to the input contacts. The majority of the different types of control signals according to the present patent application are referred to as a group of different control signals. The group includes at least two different types of control signals. A first type of control signals can e.g. B. include control signals of a digital type and a second type of control signals may include control signals of an analog type. However, the group can also include different types of analog control signals and / or different types of digital control signals.

The operating device of the type according to the invention is designed to be universal and enables input contacts to be assigned any connections or lines. Any type of control signal can be applied to the operating device.

The signal recognition unit can transmit information about the type of control signals that have been recognized to a controller of the operating device. The controller can supply the LED or several LEDs with operating voltage as a result of a recognition of the type of control signals present, in particular as a function of the information received from the signal recognition unit - and otherwise based on the control signals present.

To this extent, the operating device is structured in two stages. A first signal recognition stage - namely the signal recognition unit - carries out a test of what type of control signals are present at the input contacts. Information about the recognized species is transmitted to the control.

In a second stage, the controller can then calculate the dimming value, knowing the determined type of the applied control signals, and convert the control signal applied to the input contacts into a control value for the LED.

According to the invention, an operating device that can be used universally is provided which allows the input contacts to be assigned completely different types of control signals. In this way, the design complexity of the operating device can be reduced compared to the prior art. According to the invention, the handling of the operating device can be made easier, for example, in that when connecting to the operating device, no selection of the input contacts or terminals has to be made, but the existing input contacts can be used regardless of the type of control signals.

Furthermore, different operating devices that are adapted to the different types of control signals no longer have to be developed, manufactured and kept ready, but a single, universally applicable operating device can be used for completely different types of control signals.

A dimming value according to the present patent application describes an operating state or dimming state of the LED or of the multiple LEDs, which causes a specific brightness value or in which the LED generates a specific light output. The dimming value can be between 0% and 100% of the maximum brightness. The term dimming value also includes switching states of the LED, e.g. B. an on state of the LED and a configured state of the LED includes.

The present invention is described using an operating device which has at least one LED as a light source. This takes into account the fact that practically only LEDs are currently used as light sources. OLEDs are also viewed as LEDs within the meaning of the present patent application.

Further light sources, for example laser light sources or any other light sources suitable for use in combination with the invention, are also referred to as LEDs in this patent application for reasons of easier readability, so that the protection should also apply to operating devices with such other light sources.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the controller calculates the information available as a function of the information received Control signals into a dimming value for the LED and supplies the LED with operating voltage knowing the dimming value.

For example, if a first type of control signals, e.g. B. a digital control signal according to the DALI protocol is present, and a dimming value of 50% is transmitted via the control signal, the control unit can - after it has received the information from the signal recognition unit that the control signal is a DALI signal - this Convert the signal into a control value that is output as operating voltage or output current in order to supply the LED with power in such a way that the LED assumes the desired dimming state - 50% of the maximum brightness.

The invention also encompasses when, as a result of processing the control signals applied to the input contacts by the signal recognition unit, a signal conversion or signal change takes place. For example, with the aid of a rectifier, an alternating voltage applied to the input contacts can be converted into a pulse sequence of exclusively positive voltages. It is important that the controller knows different types of control signals and can calculate the desired dimming value from the signal supplied by the signal recognition unit and, based on this, carry out a corresponding control of the LED with the aim of setting the dimming value.

Signal processing of the applied control signal by the signal recognition unit can take place, for example, using the rectifier, a current source and a Zener diode. This enables, for example, the processing of applied digital and analog control signals to exclusively digital further processed signals, which are then processed by a computing unit, in particular by a Processor, the signal recognition unit or the control of the operating device can be processed further.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the signal recognition unit measures the signal duration and / or a measurement of signal transitions and / or a measurement of signal edges in the sense of level increases or level decreases to detect the type of signals. The signal recognition unit can check the signals present for one or more criteria, which ensures that each different type of control signal can be clearly recognized.

The signal recognition unit can check, measure or count, for example, signal lengths, signal curves, voltage levels, high or low states, pulse widths, pulse frequencies or the like and compare them with stored criteria or values. If, as a result of a test by the signal recognition unit, it is established that a certain criterion which uniquely identifies a type of control signal is present or fulfilled for a control signal applied to the input contacts, the signal recognition unit can transmit the information to the controller as to which type of control signal is present.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the group comprises different types of control signals, e.g. B. digital control signals and analog control signals.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the group of different types of control signals includes control signals according to the DALI protocol.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the group of different types of control signals includes phase control signals or phase control signals.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the group of different types of control signals includes button-generated control signals.

The three last-mentioned types of control signals listed are the most common control signals of an analog type. However, the invention also includes other types of control signals that are not explicitly listed here.

The invention also includes when the signal recognition unit, after checking the type of control signal applied to the input contacts, makes a determination that it was unable to recognize the type of signal. Then, if necessary, provision can also be made for the operating device to output or prompt an electronic, optical or acoustic alarm in order to inform an operator of this fact. It can also be provided that the operating device does not activate the LED if it does not recognize the type of control signals present or does so in a special way, e.g. B. by flashing controls.

The signal recognition unit is designed, in particular, to check the type of control signals present continuously and / or at regular time intervals.

The test can include, for example, a pre-test that determines whether any signal is present at all. Such a test can, for example, with a predetermined frequency, e.g. B. several times per second.

According to the invention it can be provided that only if it is determined at all that a control signal is present, the signal recognition unit subsequently carries out a check to determine which type of control signal is present.

However, the invention also includes when the signal recognition unit continuously or regularly carries out a direct test of what type of control signals are present at the input contacts, a result of this test can also include the result that no control signal is present at all.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control signals applied to the input contacts include information about the dimming value. Depending on the type of control signals present, the information about the dimming value is contained in the control signal present at the input contacts as indirect or direct information according to a specific protocol.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the signal recognition unit has a fuse associated with it, which is associated with the input contacts. In particular, the fuse is arranged directly behind the input contacts in the signal input direction. The fuse can in particular be provided by a switchable fuse which, after triggering - returns to its initial state after a predetermined period of time - due to an excessively high current flow being exceeded. The invention also includes when the fuse has to be replaced after it has been triggered, for example because it is a fuse,

The fuse protects the electronic components of the control gear connected downstream in the signal direction from overcurrent, especially in the case of a wrong connection or in the case of a short circuit or a lightning strike or other overvoltage.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a rectifier is associated with the signal recognition unit. As a result, an applied AC voltage control signal can be converted into a rectified control signal by mirroring the negative half-wave of the voltage curve.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the operating device comprises a reception path and / or a transmission path. According to one embodiment of the invention, for example because this is required or desired in accordance with a digital data protocol, the operating device can also transmit information from the operating device to a central control of a lighting control system that is remote from the operating device.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a busbar adapter is assigned to the operating device. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the operating device is part of a busbar adapter. This enables a particularly advantageous embodiment of a busbar adapter and / or a particularly advantageous connection of a busbar adapter to a lamp.

For example, the busbar adapter, the z. B. in a conventional manner a mechanical connection of a lamp to a ceiling, wall or floor, is designed to be compact and form the operating device of the type according to the invention or accommodate the operating device or part of the operating device in itself. The power rail adapter can - entirely regardless of the wiring of the busbar - transmit different types of control signals from the busbar to the operating device, since the operating device has a signal recognition unit that can recognize the type of control signal present. For example, the signal recognition unit can also be part of a busbar adapter.

Fig. 1a

in einer blockschaltbildartigen, schematischen Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsgerätes mit einer Signalerkennungseinheit unter Veranschaulichung des erfindungsgemäßen Prinzips, mit einem Lichtkopf, einer zentralen Steuereinheit eines Leuchtensteuerungssystems und einer Eingabevorrichtung,

Fig. 1b

in einer schematischen Darstellung einen Dimmwert,

Fig. 2

in einer schematischen, detaillierten, blockschaltbildartigen Darstellung ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsgerätes mit einer Signalerkennungseinheit,

Fig. 3

in einer schematischen Prinzipdarstellung eine herkömmliche Beschaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsgerätes und dessen Beaufschlagung mit DALI-Steuersignalen,

Fig. 4

schematisch im oberen Figurenteil den zeitlichen Signalverlauf eines DALI-Signals als Eingangspegel, der an den Eingangskontakten anliegt, und im unteren Figurenteil den durch die Elektronik der Signalerkennungseinheit gemäß Fig. 2 gewandelten Signalverlauf am Eingang der Steuerung,

Fig. 5

in einer schematischen Prinzipdarstellung gemäß Fig. 3 eine herkömmliche Beschaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsgerätes und dessen Beaufschlagung mit einem Taster-generierten Steuersignal,

Fig. 6

den Signalverlauf des an den Eingangskontakten des Betriebsgerätes anliegenden Steuersignals beim Betätigen des Tasters,

Fig. 7

das hinter dem Gleichrichter anliegende Signal der Fig. 6,

Fig. 8

schematisch im oberen Figurenteil den zeitlichen Signalverlauf eines Taster-generierten Signals bei betätigtem und nicht-betätigtem Taster als Eingangspegel, der an den Eingangskontakten anliegt, und im unteren Figurenteil den durch die Elektronik der Signalerkennungseinheit gemäß Fig. 2 gewandelten Signalverlauf am Eingang der Steuerung,

Fig. 9

die Signalverläufe gemäß Fig. 8 in vergrößerter, gezoomter, Darstellung, also bei geänderter Skalierung der X-Achse,

Fig. 10

ein Funktionsdiagramm, um verschiedene Betätigungen und Funktionszustände eines Tasters zu erläutern,

Fig. 11

in einer schematischen Prinzipdarstellung gemäß Fig. 3 eine herkömmliche Beschaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsgerätes und dessen Beaufschlagung mit einem Phasenschnittsignal (Phasenanschnitt- oder Phasenabschnittssteuerung),

Fig. 12

den Verlauf des Signals eines Phasenschnittsignals am Eingangskontakt, also vor dem Gleichrichter, in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 6,

Fig. 13

den Spannungsverlauf des Signals in Fig. 12 hinter dem Gleichrichter,

Fig. 14-16

unterschiedliche Signalverläufe bei unterschiedlichen Phasenwinkeln, jeweils in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 4.

Further advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims not cited and on the basis of the exemplary embodiments shown in the following drawings. Show in it:

Fig. 1a

in a block diagram-like, schematic representation an embodiment of an operating device according to the invention with a signal recognition unit illustrating the principle according to the invention, with a light head, a central control unit of a lighting control system and an input device,

Figure 1b

a schematic representation of a dimming value,

Fig. 2

in a schematic, detailed, block diagram-like representation, a further exemplary embodiment of an operating device according to the invention with a signal recognition unit,

Fig. 3

in a schematic principle illustration, a conventional wiring of an operating device according to the invention and its application with DALI control signals,

Fig. 4

schematically, in the upper part of the figure, the signal curve over time of a DALI signal as an input level that is applied to the input contacts, and in the lower part of the figure by the electronics of the signal recognition unit according to Fig. 2 converted signal curve at the control input,

Fig. 5

in a schematic diagram according to Fig. 3 a conventional wiring of an operating device according to the invention and its application with a button-generated control signal,

Fig. 6

the signal curve of the control signal applied to the input contacts of the control gear when the button is pressed,

Fig. 7

the signal from behind the rectifier Fig. 6 ,

Fig. 8

schematically in the upper part of the figure the temporal signal curve of a button-generated signal when the button is actuated and not actuated as an input level that is applied to the input contacts, and in the lower part of the figure that by the electronics of the signal recognition unit according to Fig. 2 converted signal curve at the control input,

Fig. 9

the signal curves according to Fig. 8 in enlarged, zoomed, representation, i.e. with changed scaling of the X-axis,

Fig. 10

a function diagram to explain various actuations and functional states of a button,

Fig. 11

in a schematic diagram according to Fig. 3 a conventional wiring of an operating device according to the invention and its application with a phase cut signal (phase control or phase control),

Fig. 12

the profile of the signal of a phase cut signal at the input contact, that is, upstream of the rectifier, in a representation according to FIG Fig. 6 ,

Fig. 13

the voltage curve of the signal in Fig. 12 behind the rectifier,

Figures 14-16

different signal curves at different phase angles, each in a representation according to FIG Fig. 4 .

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in the following description of the figures, also with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, the same or comparable parts or elements or areas are denoted by the same reference numerals, sometimes with the addition of small letters, even if different exemplary embodiments are concerned.

Features that are only described in relation to one exemplary embodiment can also be provided within the scope of the invention in any other exemplary embodiment of the invention. Such modified exemplary embodiments - even if they are not shown in the drawings - are also covered by the invention.

All of the features disclosed are essential to the invention. In the disclosure of the application, the disclosure content of the associated priority documents (copy of the previous application) as well as the cited documents and the devices of the prior art described are hereby fully incorporated, also for the purpose of merging one or more features of these documents into one or more To include claims of the present application.

Fig. 1a shows a first embodiment of an operating device according to the invention in a block diagram-like, schematic representation. Evidence Fig. 1a the entire functional and effective chain of the interoperable elements of a lighting control system is indicated as an example.

Fig. 1a first makes it clear that the operating device 10 is connected to a light head 12. According to the embodiment of Fig. 1a For example, the operating device 10 can be a component separate from the light head 12, these two elements 10, 12 being connected to one another via a current or voltage supply line 40d. It can be provided that the light head 12 in addition to a light source, in particular an LED 13, further in Fig. 1a optical and mechanical elements not shown, e.g. B. has an LED board, cooling elements, cables, bases or housing elements, and in this way provides a light 11b. The operating device 10 can therefore be arranged separately from the lamp 11b.

However, the invention also alternatively includes when the operating device 10 is a component, in particular an integral component, of a lamp 11a.

For this reason, in Fig. 1a both conceivable designs, namely an operating device 10 separate from a lamp 11b and an operating device 10 integrated in a lamp 11a, are shown.

The lamp 11a, 11b comprises according to Fig. 1a a light head 12 with an LED 13.

Of the invention are - contrary to the representation of Fig. 1a - also includes operating devices that control multiple luminaires and Control gear that control lights with multiple light heads, as well as control gear that control light heads with multiple LEDs, possibly also with multiple LEDs of different colors, and / or with other light sources.

The operating device 10 has a voltage supply unit 42, which is shown in FIG Fig. 1a is only shown schematically. The voltage supply unit 42 is connected to the power grid via a power line 52, which is only indicated. It can be, for example, a 220V power supply or 380V power supply or a power line with already transformed voltage, e.g. B. a 48V or a 30V power supply.

The voltage supply unit 42 serves to supply all electronic and electrical components of the operating device 10 and also the lamp 11a, 11b with the operating voltage required to operate the light source 13.

The invention also includes when the light source 13 is supplied with operating power via a current source (not shown), in particular a constant current source or a controllable constant current source.

Since the LED 13 is dimmable and thus the brightness of the light emitted by the lamp 11a can be adjusted, the voltage supply unit 42 is not directly connected to the light head 12, but with the interposition of a controller 16 of the operating device 10. This connection is shown in FIG Fig. 1a shown only schematically, showing the connecting line 40d.

The controller 16 can - depending on which dimming values are desired - a corresponding current on the control line 40d - or the voltage value - to set the dimming status of the LED 13.

It should be noted that the driver circuit in Fig. 1a is not shown in detail. In the context of the invention, however, the type of driver circuit is also irrelevant.

Fig. 1a also makes it clear that the operating device 10 has input contacts 14a, 14b which, in the exemplary embodiment, are designed as receiving sockets 38a, 38b for receiving connector ends 39a, 39b of a signal line 37. The signal line 37 connects a control center 34 of a lighting control system, or in general terms, a control signal generator 34, to the operating device 10. The control signal generator 34 is connected to an input device or an input device 35 and is connected to this via a connecting line 36.

At the input device 35, an operator can - directly or indirectly - enter a desired dimming value.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1a the input device 35 has a display 53 and input or actuation elements 54a, 54b, 54c. On the input device 35, dimming values can be set for one - or also for several lights. The dimming values are transmitted to the control signal generator 34 via the connecting line 36. The control signal generator 34 can have a processor 55 or some other type of suitable computing unit that applies control signals 17 corresponding to the dimming values to the signal line 37, e.g. B. modulated, and transmitted to the operating device 10.

It should be noted at this point that the control signal generator 34 in the embodiment of FIG Fig. 1a than a somewhat more complex one Control center 34 of a lighting control system is indicated. In this case, the control signal generator 34 can also be connected to further operating devices 10 or further lights 11a, 11b via further lines (not shown). The connection line 37 can in this respect also be designed as a bus line.

Alternatively, the invention also encompasses exemplary embodiments in which the control signal generator 34 is a conventional dimmer from the analog age of lighting control, which is mounted on the wall for example next to an entrance or a door to a room and an on when actuated in the axial direction - cause a lamp to be switched off or to switch it off and to change the dimming value of a lamp by turning it.

Likewise, the control signal generator 34 can also from a z. B. be formed wall-mounted button, which causes the lamp to be switched on or off with a short, simple press and causes a lamp to be dimmed when held down for a longer period of time.

Any different types of input devices 35 or control signal generators 34 can be considered within the scope of the invention.

In the event that the operating device 10 according to the invention cooperates with a conventional phase dimmer 35 or a push button dimmer, the input device 35 can of course manage without a display or actuating elements. Here, the dimming value is set directly by turning the trimmer or pressing the button. It should also be noted that the combination of input device 35 and control signal generator 34 can be combined to form a common apparatus, as is the case, for example, with rotatable dimmers or with buttons.

In addition, it should be noted that if a conventional phase dimmer 35 is used, an additional, in Fig. 1a load, not shown, so for example another lamp, can be connected.

The operating device according to the invention can also include an additional load for a conventional dimmer, or simulate or generate such a load.

Depending on which specific type of control signal generator 34 is used, either a digital signal or an analog signal is transmitted via the signal line 37. If a digital signal 17 is transmitted via the signal line 37, this is usually a low-voltage signal, e.g. B. for signals according to the DALI protocol a 22.5V signal. In the event that an analog signal transmission, e.g. B. takes place as a phase control or as a phase control or via a button signal, a higher voltage, for example up to 230V, can be transmitted via line 37.

The operating device 10 according to the invention has according to Fig. 1a Input contacts 14a, 14b, which are designed, for example, as sockets 38a, 38b for receiving plugs 39a, 39b.

In the event that the signal line 37 is provided by a busbar and the corresponding conductor tracks run in the busbar, the input contacts 14a, 14b of the operating device 10 can also be designed, for example, as contact tongues formed on a rotatable switching shaft of a busbar adapter. According to the invention, the specific design of the input contacts 14a, 14b of the operating device is not important.

Evidence Fig. 1a it becomes clear that the operating device 10 according to the invention has a signal recognition unit 15. With the signal recognition unit 15, different types of control signals pending or arriving at the input contacts 14a, 14b can be recognized. The exact manner of detection will be described later.

First of all, it should be noted that on the assumption that the signal detection unit 15 determines that a control signal is present at the input contacts 14a, 14b, a check can be carried out to determine which type of control signal is present. For example, it can be checked whether it is an applied analog control signal or a digital control signal applied to the input contacts 14a, 14b. If the type of signal is recognized and if it is ensured, for example, that it is a pending control signal according to the DALI protocol, the signal recognition unit 15 can transmit this information to the controller 16.

Knowing this information, i.e. knowing the type of control signal present and based on the control signals present, the controller 16 can then calculate or determine a dimming value and transmit a control value to the LED 13 via the control line 40d. By setting the corresponding current strength or voltage via the output line 40d, the LED 13 can be caused to display a schematic in FIG Figure 1b take the dimming value 18 shown.

Figure 1b shows that, for example, the dimming value 18 according to Figure 1b 45% of a maximum dimming value of 100%.

According to Fig. 1a it is indicated that the signal recognition unit 15 is arranged separately from the controller 16 and is connected to it via an internal connecting line 40c.

The invention also includes embodiments in which the signal recognition unit 15 and the controller 16 form a common structural unit or are completely or partially fused with one another. Such an overarching structural unit, in which the signal recognition unit 15 and control 16 are partially associated, will be described later on the basis of FIG Fig. 2 explained.

In addition, when looking at the Fig. 1a It is clear that the signal recognition unit 15 or the operating device 10 can comprise a large number of further electronic components (not shown).

For the sake of good order, it should be mentioned that the input contacts 14a, 14b can be identified Fig. 1a are connected to the signal recognition unit 15 via internal connecting lines 40a, 40b.

Evidence Fig. 2 a presentation of further details will now take place based on a further exemplary embodiment of an operating device 10 according to the invention:
Evidence Fig. 2 an operating device 10 according to the invention is shown on the basis of a block diagram and a plurality of electronic components that are shown between the input contacts 14a, 14b and a processor 16. The processor 16 can form or comprise the controller 16 or be part of the controller 16. The invention also includes when the operating device 10 according to Fig. 2 a processor 16 according to Fig. 2 as part of the signal recognition unit 15. The invention further comprises when the signal recognition unit 15 additionally has a, in Fig. 2 processor, not shown, which is arranged separately from the controller 16.

Depending on the design of the signal recognition unit 15, it has a certain intelligence, i. H. a computer unit and in particular also a memory. It is left to the person skilled in the art whether this intelligence and the memory are provided by separate electronic components or by components of the controller 16.

Evidence Fig. 2 a fuse 29 and a rectifier 30 are initially arranged in the signal path immediately behind the input contacts 14a, 14b. The receiving path 31, which extends up to the processor 16, connects to these two components. Incoming control signals which are applied to the contact elements 14a, 14b can be processed via the reception path 31.

The fuse 29 first ensures that the operating device 10 is protected from overvoltage. The rectifier 30 ensures that alternating voltage signals are converted into a voltage curve comprising exclusively positive voltage. Evidence Fig. 6 For example, an alternating voltage present when a button signal is applied to the input contacts 14a, 14b according to FIG Fig. 6 which, starting from a zero value, has positive and negative voltage ranges, by mirroring the half-wave by the rectifier 30 according to FIG Fig. 7 be converted into exclusively positive voltage ranges. This allows simplified and improved (subsequent) signal processing to be achieved.

In addition, in the embodiment of the operating device 10 according to the invention according to Fig. 2 a transmission branch or transmission path can also be provided. This is in Fig. 2 at 32 refers to and includes other electronic components that will be discussed later.

In Fig. 2 a voltage supply unit is only indicated with the reference number 42. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the voltage supply unit 42 supplies the entire electronic components of the operating device 10 with operating voltage.

The signal applied to the input contacts 14a, 14b and rectified by the rectifier 30 reaches a Zener diode 56 and from there to an opto-coupler 57. The latter is used for galvanic isolation.

At the output of the opto-coupler, the signal is fed to a processor input 46 of the processor 16.

In the event that the control signals are digital control signals and are structured according to the DALI protocol, for example, it is provided, in accordance with the DALI protocol, that feedback is provided from the operating devices. The transmission path or transmission branch 32 of the operating device 10 is important for this. Accordingly, it can be provided that signals are transmitted from the processor 16 via its output 47, via a further output opto-coupler 58, and via a transmitting transistor 44 to the input contacts 14a, 14b. The feedback signals are coupled to the signal line 37 via the input contacts 14a, 14b and to a control signal generator 34 according to FIG Fig. 1a transmitted, which functions in this as a feedback signal receiver.

Furthermore, for the sake of completeness, a current limiting unit 43 and an overvoltage shutdown unit 44 should be mentioned.

The mode of operation of the receiving branch is now briefly explained as follows:
The fuse 29 in the signal direction behind the input contacts 14a, 14b protects the operating device 10 in the event of a fault or a faulty connection. The rectifier 30 converts negative signal voltages into positive signal voltages.

In the receiving path 59 of the operating device 10, the Zener diode 57, which is constantly acted upon by a current source, switches through when the signal voltage exceeds the Zener voltage (approx. 5.6V). The current source 59 can drive current through the opto-coupler 57 only when the input voltage is above 5.6V. When this is activated, a low signal is generated at the processor input 46.

In other words, the processor input 46 always sees a high signal, unless the voltage applied to the input contacts 14a, 14b and rectified via the rectifier 30 is above the Zener voltage; only in the latter case is the output of the opto-coupler 57 switched to low.

Evidence Fig. 3 the usual wiring of an operating device 10 when using DALI control signals is explained:
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of an operating device 10 according to the invention, in which the DALI control signals are applied to the input contacts 14a, 14b. With conventional operating devices of the prior art, separate DALI inputs were required for this.

It also shows Fig. 3 a neutral conductor 49 and a conductor 48 and the two DALI lines 50a, 50b. The two DALI lines 50a, 50b correspond to the signal line 37 of FIG Fig. 1a . In this respect, conductors 48 and neutral conductors 49 correspond to the indicated power line 52 of the exemplary embodiment from FIG Fig. 1a .

For example, a 230V AC voltage or a 48V DC voltage or another suitable mains voltage can be present on the lines 48, 49.

In the Fig. 3 To this extent, a total of four lines shown can be provided, for example, by different conductor tracks in a busbar. Fig. 3 makes it clear that the four lines 48, 49, 50a, 50b also have further operating devices 10 and thus further, in Fig. 3 Lights, not shown, can be connected.

The control signals present at the input contacts 14a, 14b - and thus also on the DALI lines 50a, 50b - are referred to as DALI signals 26. The signal curve 51 of a DALI signal is like an oscillogram as the curve of the voltage (Y-axis) versus time (X-axis) in detail in the upper part of FIG Fig. 4 shown. According to the DALI protocol, the DALI signal comprises a maximum voltage of 22.5V.

Assuming a DALI signal 26 applied to the input contacts 14a, 14b according to the upper part of FIG Fig. 4 shall now refer to FIG Fig. 2 the signal processing and the signal course are explained: After rectification and after passing through the current source 59 and the Zener diode 56, the incoming signals are passed via the opto-coupler 57 to the processor 46. It is provided that only if the signal voltage (downstream of the rectifier 30) is higher than the so-called Zener voltage (approx. 5.6V), from the current source 59 the current can be driven through the opto-coupler 57. In this case, the opto-coupler 57 controls and generates a low signal at the processor input 46.

The lower part of the Fig. 4 represents the signal curve 60 of the signal 17 measurable at the input 46 of the processor 16.

In further explanation of the Fig. 4 It should be noted that a DALI signal 26 basically transmits a sequence of positive applied voltage and zero voltages via line 50a, 50b. This sequence of high and low voltage of the DALI signal 24 contains the information about the dimming value in the respective pulse widths.

The signal profile 60 of the signal present at the processor input 46 is inverted in this respect: when the DALI signal is high, the processor input signal is low. If the DALI signal falls below a minimum voltage value of the Zener voltage of approx. 5.6V, the processor input signal is set to high.

The signal profile 60 at the processor input 46 can be derived from the signal profile 24 of the DALI signal 26.

Fig. 5 illustrates a conventional wiring of an operating device 10 using a control signal generator 34 designed as a button.

Here again an exemplary embodiment of an operating device 10 according to the invention is shown, to whose input contacts 14a, 14b the button 34 is switched. The output of the button 34 is led to the input contact 14b. The input contact 14a is connected to the neutral conductor N.

With the switch 34 open according to Fig. 5 phase L2 is not applied to input contact 14b. Only when the button 34 is actuated - and the switch 34 is closed to this extent - can the signal recognition unit 15 of the operating device 10 determine the presence of a control signal.

When the switch 34 is closed (that is, the button is actuated), the mains voltage L2 is applied to the input contact 14b in the form of a pulsating 50 Hz alternating voltage. This signal curve 17 shows Fig. 6 .

Subsequently, the applied signal becomes as a result of a rectification by the rectifier 30 according to Fig. 2 to a pulsating positive voltage with a 100Hz frequency curve. This is shown as a processed control signal 17b Fig. 7 shown.

The representation of the signal curve 17b according to Fig. 7 results from mirroring the negative voltage half-wave of the Fig. 6 on the lateral axis.

In the event that the rectified mains voltage according to Fig. 7 exceeds a value of approximately 5.6V, the processor 16 sees accordingly Fig. 2 a low level. If the rectified mains voltage falls below 5.6V, the processor 16 sees a high level at its input 46.

In the following, the Fig. 8 and later on the basis of the enlarged illustration of Fig. 8 according to Fig. 9 it will be explained how the control signal applied to input contacts 14a, 14b is converted to a signal applied to processor input 46 when the button is pressed:
Fig. 8 shows in its upper area the signal curve 28 of a control signal pending at the input contacts 14a, 14b of the operating device 10 according to the invention when a button 34 is actuated and the button 34 is held down for a period of time 19.

Starting from a point in time t1 to a point in time t2, the button is not actuated. Only at time t2 is the button actuated and held down for a period of time 19 up to time t3, and then released again.

During the time period t1 to t2, during which the switch 34 is open, no signal is present at the input contacts 14a, 14b. As a rule, a zero-full voltage should be used here.

If the switch 34 is closed, and therefore the button 34 is held down for a period of time 19, the mains voltage present on the conductor phase L2 is switched through to the contact 14b. It is so far at the input contacts 14a, 14b, the mains voltage signal with a z. B. 230V rms value and a 50 or 60 Hz frequency.

Since the voltage curve 17 of the push button signal according to Fig. 6 or according to the upper part of Fig. 8 , falls below the value of 5.6V only in the area of the zero crossings, a short pulse or peak 61a, 61b is generated for each half-wave and sent to the processor 16.

If the button 34 is not actuated, there is no voltage at the input contacts 14a, 14b. The processor 16 receives a permanent high level at its input 46.

If the button 34 is actuated, the processor 16 receives one pulse per half-wave at its input 46. The signal curve at input 46 of the microprocessor 16 is in Fig. 8 shown horizontally in the lower part on the same time axis and denoted there by 60.

Fig. 9 shows an area enlarged over time, i.e. zoomed in on the X-axis, the Fig. 8 . Again in the upper part is the Fig. 9 the signal curve 17 in the area of the input contacts 14a, 14b and in the lower part of FIG Fig. 9 the signal curve 60 at the input 46 of the microprocessor 16 is shown.

Fig. 10 illustrates how conventional buttons 34 work: There an action is shown in the left column in a row that is carried out on the button. In the right column in the same line it is shown which function is achieved by this.

Evidence Fig. 11 shall now be a typical circuit of a phase cut control, z. B. a phase control or a phase control: Here the control signal generator 34 is formed by a conventional dimmer. The dimmer 34 can cut the phases differently in different rotating states:
Fig. 12 illustrates the voltage curve of a control signal 17, namely an analog control signal 25, in the manner of a dimmer signal with a certain set rotary state of the dimmer: Here the phase is cut off at time t1, t2, t3.

Fig. 13 shows that behind the rectifier 30 of FIG Fig. 3 measurable rectified signal 25 assuming an output signal at the input contacts 14a, 14b according to FIG Fig. 12 .

The Figs. 14, 15 and 16 illustrate for different phase angles ( Fig. 14 small phase angle, Fig. 15 mean phase angle, Fig. 16 large phase angle) in the upper part the signal profile 27 of the phase control signal or a phase control signal at the input contacts 14a, 14b and in the lower part the signal profile 60 at the input 46 of the microprocessor 16.

The signal recognition unit 15 of the operating device 10 is able to recognize the different types of control signals, as shown in FIG Fig. 4 (first kind), Figures 8 and 9 (second type), Figs. 14 to 16 (third type) are represented, distinguishable and recognizable.

In order to carry out the test of the type of signal present, the processor 16 - as part of the signal recognition unit 15 - can test various criteria:
The signal detection unit 15 can, for. B. determine whether signals present at input 46 of processor 16 are low or high. However, the signal detection unit 15 can also check during which signal duration 19 (e.g. according to FIG Fig. 4 or according to Fig. 8 ) a signal is present, or whether regular - periodic - signals (cf. Figs. 14 to 16 ) - and if so, at what frequency.

The invention also includes other test criteria for determining the type of control signals that are present.

If signals of a short signal duration 19 are present, it can be a first type of signal according to FIG Fig. 4 act or a second type of signals according to Fig. 8 . However, these already differ in that with DALI signals 24 according to Fig. 4 the processor input 46 is basically low and then over a short period 19 and with different pulse widths 62 a high-level signal is generated at the input 46 of the processor 16.

The signal structure 60 according to Fig. 8 but is completely different: There the processor input 46 is basically on a high, and starting from a low a series of pulses is generated. These pulses can be counted. The number of pulses or the length of the period 19 can then be a measure of the dimming value.

As explained above, the DALI signals can according to Fig. 4 and the button signals 60 according to FIG Fig. 8 however, a distinction can already be made according to their type if the processor 16 can recognize and determine a certain signal scheme - based on the signals present at the processor input 46.

The detection of a signal scheme also takes place under examination of certain criteria.

If the signal detection unit 15 z. B. the presence of a signal 60 according to Fig. 4 fixed, the width or the pulse width can be used to calculate which dimming value should be set.

However, if the signal recognition unit 15 recognizes the presence of a signal of the type Fig. 8 (Signal curve 60), for example, based on the number of peaks 61a, 61b, 61c, the desired dimming value can be deduced.

If, on the other hand, the signal recognition unit 15 determines that a signal 60 according to FIG Figs. 14 to 16 is present, that is, a continuous sequence of peaks 61a, 61b, 61c, in particular with a fixed frequency, this characteristic can be used as a criterion for recognizing the type of this control signal 27.

If the signal is recognized by its type, z. B. on the basis of the pulse width 62 of the signal, the desired dimming value can be determined or calculated.

As soon as the processor 16 and / or the controller 16 has determined the desired dimming value, they can control the LED 13 accordingly and provide current in a desired current intensity in order to set the desired dimming state of the LED.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 the processor 16 is a component of the signal recognition unit 15. In this exemplary embodiment, the processor 16 is also a component of the controller 16.

However, it is not decisive for the invention whether parts of the intelligence are organized in a decentralized manner, and for this purpose, for example, are housed in separate electronic components, or are organized centrally, and for this purpose, for example, are housed in common processors or other components. This is left to the expert.

The invention also includes in particular if the processor or the controller 16 have a memory in which, for. B. structured in a table, certain criteria and comparison values are stored so that the processor 16 of the signal recognition unit 15 can carry out a test of criteria to determine what type of signal is present. In addition, the signal recognition unit 15 and / or the processor 16 and / or the controller 16 can access stored table values or algorithms or formulas in order to identify the type of signal from the values present at the processor input 46 to be able to determine or calculate the desired dimming value for the processed signals.

Claims (13)

Operating device (10) for at least one lamp (11), comprising a voltage supply unit which provides the operating voltage required to operate at least one LED (13), input contacts (14a, 14b) for receiving control signals (17) for the lamp, and one with the signal recognition unit (15) connected to the input contacts, wherein the type of control signals applied to the input contacts from a group of different types of control signals can be recognized by means of the signal recognition unit, and wherein the operating device (10) has a controller (16) which, after recognizing the type of pending control signals controls the LED in accordance with information about the dimming value contained in the control signals. Operating device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the controller (16) receives information about the type of control signals present from the signal recognition unit and, depending on the information received about the type of control signals present, converts the control signals present into a dimming value (18) for the LED and, knowing the dimming value, supplies the LED (13) with operating voltage. Operating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the signal recognition unit (15) for recognizing the type of signals a measurement of the signal duration (19) and / or a measurement of signal zero crossings (20) and / or a measurement of signal edges (21), in particular carries out level rises (22) and / or level drops (23) and / or a measurement of pulse widths and / or a measurement of pulse frequencies. Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the group of different types of control signals comprises digital control signals (24) and analog control signals (25). Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the group of different types of control signals (24, 25) comprises control signals (26) according to the DALI protocol. Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the group of different types of control signals comprises phase control signals (27) or phase control signals Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the group of different types of control signals comprises button-generated control signals (28) Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signal recognition unit (15) carries out a check of the type of control signals present continuously or at regular time intervals. Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control signals applied to the input contacts include information about a dimming value (18). Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signal recognition unit (15) comprises a fuse (29) which is assigned to the input contacts (14a, 14b). Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signal recognition unit (15) is assigned a rectifier (30). Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the operating device (10) comprises a reception path (31) for control signals and a transmission path (32) for control signals. Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the operating device is assigned to a busbar adapter (33) or is part of a busbar adapter.

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