EP3760566A1 - Modular machine room crane for a watercraft - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system consisting of a watercraft, a modular crane that can be introduced into the watercraft, and an external crane, the watercraft having a first space 90 arranged inside the watercraft for bringing in the modular crane, the first space 90 being at the top directed opening, wherein the modular crane has a first cross member 10 and a second cross member 20, wherein the first cross member 10 and the second cross member 20 can be moved transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cross members 10, 20 in the first space 90, the modular crane having an H. -Traverse 30, wherein the H-traverse 30 can be arranged on the first cross-member 10 and the second cross-member 20, the H-cross-member 30 being movable in the longitudinal direction of the first cross-member 10 and the second cross-member 20, the H-cross member 30 a lifting device 40 for attaching and lifting a load 60, the H-cross member 30 at the top has a fastening device, wherein the fastening device is designed for fastening the H-cross member 30 to the external crane, characterized in that the first cross member 10 and the second cross member 20 and the H cross member 30 can be reversibly introduced and deployed through the opening , the horizontal cross section of the opening being larger than the H-cross member 30, the horizontal cross section of the opening being smaller than the longitudinal direction of the first cross member 10 and the second cross member 20.

Description

The invention relates to a crane and a method for extracting a part, in particular an engine or gearbox, from a watercraft.

Watercraft, especially military watercraft, are highly integrated so that it is very difficult to replace large components. On the other hand, there is a regular need to be able to replace defective parts in order to restore usability.

If a motor or gearbox has to be replaced, military watercraft often have to open the hull of the watercraft, remove the defective component and insert a new component. The cover must then be closed again and the watertightness restored. This process is extremely complex and takes a very long time, so that the watercraft is not available for a long time.

On the other hand, due to the requirements, there is usually very little space available, so that the removal of large components, for example an engine or a gearbox, is not easy, since the space required for this cannot be kept available during normal operation.

From the DE 28 29 336 A1 is known as an overhead crane for a ship.

From the WO 2012/064506 A1 a modular elevator for a container ship is known.

From the DE 10 2004 058 824 A1 a cargo ship with an on-board cross bridge crane is known.

From the DE 29 29 951 A1 a device for assembling and disassembling components of a drive motor installed in a ship with an overhead crane is known.

The object of the invention is to create a crane which, if necessary, can be brought into a space, for example a machine room, in order to bring a part, for example an engine, into a position from which this part can be removed from the watercraft. In the normal case, the crane should be largely removable from the watercraft so that the displacement is available as fully as possible for the payload.

This object is achieved by the system with the features specified in claim 1 and by the method with the features specified in claim 10. Advantageous developments result from the subclaims, the following description and the drawings.

The system according to the invention consists of a watercraft, a modular crane that can be introduced into the watercraft and an external crane. Examples of an external crane are, for example, a harbor crane or the crane of another watercraft. The watercraft has a first space, which is arranged inside the watercraft, for introducing the modular crane. The first space has an opening facing upwards. The opening can be a hatch, alternatively the opening can also be created by exposing it in one or more decks. The modular crane has a first cross member and a second cross member, the first cross member and the second cross member being movable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cross members in the first space. The first cross member and the second cross member are arranged parallel to one another. The first cross member and the second cross member are designed, for example and preferably, as double-T beams. The modular crane has an H-traverse, wherein the H-traverse can be arranged on the first cross-member and the second cross-member. For example and preferably, the first cross member, the second cross member and the H cross member are not firmly connected to one another, but are merely held together by gravity and possibly guide elements. The H-crossbar can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the first crossbar and the second crossbar. Since the first cross member and the second cross member can be moved transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cross members and the H cross member is movable in the longitudinal direction of the cross members, the H cross member can be practically above any point be arranged within the first room. The H-cross beam has a lifting device for attaching and lifting a load. The H-traverse has a fastening device on the upper side, the fastening device being designed for fastening the running body to the external crane.

According to the invention, the first cross-member and the second cross-member as well as the H-cross member can be reversibly introduced and deployed through the opening. This means that they can be brought into the watercraft if required. They can also be removed before a mission to save weight and thus create space for other equipment or fuel, for example. The horizontal cross-section of the opening is larger than the H-cross beam. This is necessary so that the H-cross beam with the load attached to it can be lifted out directly. The horizontal cross section of the opening, however, is smaller than the longitudinal direction of the first cross member and the second cross member. These can therefore only be tilted or placed on edge. This reduces the opening and the space to be kept free to a minimum.

Due to this modular structure, the modular crane can be brought into the first space comparatively easily if it is required to lift out a load, for example a defective motor or defective gearbox. With the help of the modular crane, the load can simply be brought under the opening and then lifted out of the room together with the H-cross beam by the external crane.

In a further embodiment, the horizontal cross-section of the opening is at most twice as large as the smallest theoretical area with the same cross-sectional shape through which the H-cross member would fit. To explain this by way of example, this means that in the case of a rectangular horizontal cross-section of the opening, the rectangle with the aspect ratio of the rectangular horizontal cross-section of the opening in which one side length corresponds to the H-traverse and the side length perpendicular to it is greater than or equal to the H- Traverse is.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the modular crane has a further H crossbeam. In particular, the H-traverse and the further H-traverse differ in width and are designed to lift different loads. For example, the H-traverse is designed to lift out an engine and the further H-traverse is designed to lift out a gearbox.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the watercraft has at least a first running rail and a second running rail, the first running rail and the second running rail being arranged within the first space. The first running rail and the second running rail are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first cross member and the second cross member. The fixed installation of a first running rail and a second running rail is preferred, since the relatively high forces can be absorbed easily in the watercraft. For example, the first running rail and the second running rail are designed as double T-beams. In the case of structures that are not permanently installed, in particular the first running rail and the second running rail, there is an increased risk of the ship structure bending.

In a further alternative embodiment of the invention, the first cross member and the second cross member as well as the H cross member are reversibly and detachably connected to one another. Since the H-cross beam is lifted out with the load, it must be easy to remove.

In a further alternative embodiment of the invention, at least a first running rail and a second running rail can be introduced into the watercraft, the first running rail and the second running rail being able to be arranged within the first space. The first running rail and the second running rail are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first cross member and the second cross member. The non-permanent installation of a first running rail and a second running rail is preferred in order to save additional weight. This is also advantageous if the watercraft has a first space and a second space and the first running rail and the second running rail both in the first space and in the second room can be brought in. For example, the first running rail and the second running rail are designed as double T-beams.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the first cross member has at least one first roller, the first roller being arranged below the first carrier for vertical support on the first running rail. Furthermore, the first cross member has at least one second roller, the second roller being arranged below the first cross member for vertical support on the second running rail. In addition, the first cross member has at least one first pair of stabilizing rollers, the first pair of stabilizing rollers being arranged below the first cross member and on the opposite sides of the first running rail. Furthermore, the first cross member has at least one second pair of stabilizing rollers, the second pair of stabilizing rollers being arranged below the first cross member and on the opposite sides of the second running rail.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the second cross member has at least one first roller, the first roller being arranged below the second cross member for vertical support on the first running rail. Furthermore, the second cross member has at least one second roller, the second roller being arranged below the second cross member for vertical support on the second running rail. In addition, the second cross member has at least one first pair of stabilizing rollers, the first pair of stabilizing rollers being arranged below the second cross member and on the opposite sides of the first running rail. Furthermore, the second cross member has at least one second pair of stabilizing rollers, the second pair of stabilizing rollers being arranged below the second cross member and on the opposite sides of the second running rail.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the lifting device has a pulley block with chain and hook.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the lifting device can be moved manually, electrically or manually and electrically. The purely manual operability significantly reduces complexity and weight, so that this can be advantageous especially in confined spaces.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the H-traverse is H-shaped from double-T-beams. Alternatively, the H-traverse can also be a single double T-beam or have a different shape.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the opening is a maintenance hatch.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the watercraft has a second space, the second space having an upwardly directed opening. The modular crane has a third cross member and a fourth cross member, the third cross member and the fourth cross member being movable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cross member in the second space. The H-crossbar can be arranged on the third crossbar and the fourth crossbar. Although it would be advantageous if the first cross member and the second cross member could also be used in the second room, due to the high integration density in watercraft, the dimensions are usually not identical, so that in many cases the first cross member and the second cross member cannot be used in a second space are. However, the H-traverse can be used both on the first cross-member and the second cross-member as well as on the third cross-member and fourth cross-member, so that the H-cross member can be used universally.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the watercraft has a second space, the second space having an upwardly directed opening. The modular crane has a first cross member and a second cross member, the first cross member and the second cross member being movable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cross member in the second space. The H-crossbar can be arranged on the first crossbar and the second crossbar.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the watercraft is a military watercraft.

1. a) Öffnen wenigstens einer Öffnung in einen ersten Raum, anschließend
2. b) Einbringen einer ersten Quertraverse und einer zweiten Quertraverse in den ersten Raum, anschließend
3. c) Einbringen einer H-Traverse in den ersten Raum, anschließend
4. d) Anordnen der H-Traverse auf der ersten Quertraverse und der zweiten Quertraverse, anschließend
5. e) Anordnen der H-Traverse oberhalb der Last,
6. f) Befestigen einer Hebevorrichtung der H-Traverse an der Last, anschließend
7. g) Anheben der Last, anschließend
8. h) Anordnen der H-Traverse und der Last unterhalb der Öffnung,
9. i) Befestigen eines externen Kranes an einer Befestigungsvorrichtung der H-Traverse, anschließend
10. j) Anheben der H-Traverse, sodass die Quertraverse entlastet wird, anschließend
11. k) seitliches Fortbewegens der ersten Quertraverse und der zweiten Quertraverse, anschließend
12. l) Herausheben der Last und der H-Traverse aus dem ersten Raum und aus dem Wasserfahrzeug mittels des externen Krans.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a method for discharging a load from a watercraft, the method comprising the following steps:

1. a) opening at least one opening in a first space, then
2. b) Introducing a first cross member and a second cross member into the first space, then
3. c) Insertion of an H-beam in the first room, then
4. d) Arrange the H-crossbar on the first crossbar and the second crossbar, then
5. e) Arranging the H-cross beam above the load,
6. f) Attaching a lifting device of the H-beam to the load, then
7. g) Lifting the load, then
8. h) Arranging the H-beam and the load below the opening,
9. i) Attaching an external crane to a fastening device of the H-cross beam, then
10. j) Lifting the H-crossbeam so that the crossbeam is relieved, then
11. k) laterally moving the first cross member and the second cross member, then
12. l) Lifting the load and the H-cross beam out of the first room and out of the watercraft by means of the external crane.

• m) Einbringen einer weiteren Last und der H-Traverse in den Raum und in das Wasserfahrzeug mittels des externen Krans,
• n) Anordnung der ersten Quertraverse und der zweiten Quertraverse unter der H-Traverse,
• o) Lösen des externen Krans von der Befestigungsvorrichtung der H-Traverse,
• p) Anordnen der H-Traverse und der weiteren Last an der Zielposition,
• q) Absetzen der Last,
• r) Lösen der Last von der Hebevorrichtung der H-Traverse.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:

• m) Bringing another load and the H-traverse into the room and into the watercraft using the external crane,
• n) arrangement of the first cross member and the second cross member under the H cross member,
• o) Loosening the external crane from the fastening device of the H-cross beam,
• p) Arranging the H-cross beam and the additional load at the target position,
• q) setting down the load,
• r) Loosen the load from the lifting device of the H-cross beam.

The further load is, for example and preferably, a replacement part for the removed load. For example, the load that was removed is a defective motor. In this case, the additional load would be a functioning engine which is brought into the watercraft.

• s) Entfernen der ersten Quertraverse und der zweiten Quertraverse aus dem ersten Raum und dem Wasserfahrzeug,
• t) Verschließen der Öffnung in den ersten Raum.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:

• s) removing the first cross member and the second cross member from the first room and the watercraft,
• t) closing the opening in the first room.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the lateral movement in step k) takes place in such a way that the first cross member and the second cross member are moved away from the H cross member in the opposite direction.

In a further embodiment of the invention, between step i) and step k), the external crane lifts the H-traverse to such an extent that the H-traverse no longer rests on the first crossbar and the second crossbar and does not counteract the load from below or from the side the first cross member or the second cross member comes.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the arrangement in step e) and in step h) is carried out by moving the first cross member and the second cross member on a first running rail and a second running rail.

• Fig. 1 perspektivische Ansicht des ersten Raums mit modularen Kran
• Fig. 2 Aufsicht auf ersten Raum und zweiten Raum
• Fig. 3 Detaildarstellung Laufrolle

The modular crane according to the invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings.

• Fig. 1 perspective view of the first room with modular crane
• Fig. 2 Supervision of the first room and the second room
• Fig. 3 Detailed representation of the roller

In Fig. 1 shows a machine room with two diesel engines and a gearbox and a modular crane according to the invention in a perspective view. A first running rail 70 and a second running rail 80 are permanently installed in the machine room. A first cross member 10 and a second cross member 20 are placed on these. An H-cross member 30 is placed on the first cross member 10 and the second cross member 20. The first cross member 10 and the second cross member 20 can be displaced transversely to their longitudinal direction and thus in the longitudinal direction of the running rails 70, 80. For this purpose, the H-cross member 30 can be displaced at right angles in the longitudinal direction of the cross members 10, 20. Thus, the H-cross member 30 can be placed over almost any point in the engine room, in particular over each of the two motors or the gearbox. The H-cross member 30 has a lifting device 40 with which a load 60, for example a gearbox, can be attached. The H-traverse 30 of the modular crane can be connected to an external crane via the fastening device 50, and thus the load 60 with the H-traverse 30 can be lifted out of the machine room together.

Fig. 2 shows a floor plan with a first room 90 and a second room 100, in the case shown two machine rooms each with two diesel engines and a transmission. The first space 90 has a first running rail 70 and a second running rail 80, onto which a first cross member 10 and a second cross member 20 can be applied. The second space 100 has a third running rail 110 and a fourth running rail 120, onto which a third cross member 130 and a fourth cross member 140 can be applied. In the example shown, an H-traverse 30 is used in the first room 90 and a further H-traverse 32 is used in the second room 100. The H-traverse 30 and the further H-traverse 32 differ in width; -Traverse 30 suitable to lift out a motor and the further H-Traverse 32 a gear.

In Fig. 3 a detail of the first cross beam 10 can be seen. The first cross member 10 has a roller 150 with which the first cross member 10 rests on the first running rail 70. For lateral stabilization, the first cross member 10 has a pair of stabilizing rollers, of which only one is here Stabilizing roller 160 is shown. The second stabilization roller is covered by the first running rail 70.

Reference number

10

first cross member

20th

second cross member

30th

H-traverse

32

further H-traverse

40

Lifting device

50

Fastening device

60

load

70

first running track

80

second running track

90

first room

100

second room

110

third runner

120

fourth track

130

third cross member

140

fourth cross member

150

Caster

160

Stabilizing role

Claims (14)

System consisting of a watercraft, a modular crane that can be introduced into the watercraft and an external crane, the watercraft having a first space (90) arranged inside the watercraft for bringing in the modular crane, the first space (90) being directed upwards The modular crane has a first cross member (10) and a second cross member (20), the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20) transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cross members (10, 20) in the first space ( 90) are movable, the modular crane having an H-traverse (30), wherein the H-traverse (30) can be arranged on the first cross-traverse (10) and the second cross-traverse (20), the H-traverse (30 ) is movable in the longitudinal direction of the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20), the H cross member (30) having a lifting device (40) for attaching and lifting a load (60), the H cross member (30 ) to d he upper side has a fastening device, the fastening device being designed for fastening the H-traverse (30) to the external crane, characterized in that the first cross-traverse (10) and the second cross-traverse (20) as well as the H-traverse (30) can be inserted and removed reversibly through the opening, the horizontal cross-section of the opening being larger than the H-cross member (30), the horizontal cross section of the opening being smaller than the longitudinal direction of the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20). System according to claim 1, characterized in that the watercraft has at least a first running rail (70) and a second running rail (80), the first running rail (70) and the second running rail (80) being arranged within the first space (90) wherein the first running rail (70) and the second running rail (80) are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20). System according to claim 2, characterized in that the first cross member (10) has at least one first roller (150), the first roller (150) below the first cross member (10) for vertical support is arranged on the first running rail (70), the first cross member (10) having at least one second roller (150), the second roller (150) below the first cross member (10) for vertical support on the second running rail (80) is arranged, wherein the first cross member (10) has at least one first pair of stabilizing rollers, wherein the first pair of stabilizing rollers is arranged below the first cross member (10) and on the opposite sides of the first running rail (70), the first cross member (10) at least one having a second pair of stabilizing rollers, the second pair of stabilizing rollers being arranged below the first cross member (10) and on the opposite sides of the second running rail (80). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20) as well as the H cross member (30) are reversibly and detachably connected to one another. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (40) has a pulley block with chain and hook. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (40) can be moved manually, electrically or manually and electrically. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the H-crossbeam (30) is H-shaped. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening is a maintenance hatch. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watercraft has a second room (100), the second room (100) having an upwardly directed opening, the modular crane having a third cross-member (130) and a fourth cross-member ( 140), the third cross member (130) and the fourth cross member (140) transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cross member (130, 140) in the second space (100) are movable, wherein the H-cross member (30) can be arranged on the third cross member (130) and the fourth cross member (140). A method for deploying a load (60) from a watercraft, the method comprising the following steps: a) then opening at least one opening into a first space (90) b) then introducing a first cross member (10) and a second cross member (20) into the first space (90) c) Introducing an H-traverse (30) into the first room (90), then d) arranging the H-cross member (30) on the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20), then e) arranging the H-cross member (30) above the load (60), f) attaching a lifting device (40) of the H-cross member (30) to the load (60), then g) lifting the load (60), then h) arranging the H-cross beam (30) and the load (60) below the opening, i) Attaching an external crane to a fastening device of the H-traverse (30), then j) Lifting the H-crossbeam so that the crossbeam is relieved, then k) laterally moving the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20), then l) Lifting the load (60) and the H-traverse (30) out of the first space (90) and out of the watercraft by means of the external crane. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the lateral movement in step k) takes place in such a way that the first cross-member (10) and the second cross-member (20) are moved away from the H-cross member (30) in the opposite direction. Method according to one of claims 10 to 11, characterized in that between step i) and step k) the external crane lifts the H-crossbeam (30) so far that the H-crossbeam (30) no longer rests on the first crossbeam (10 ) and the second cross member (20) rests and the load (60) from below or laterally does not come against the first cross member (10) or the second cross member (20). The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the arranging in step e) and in step h) by moving the first cross member (10) and the second cross member (20) on a first running rail (70) and a second running rail (80) takes place. Method according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that between step a) and step b) a first running rail (70) and a second running rail (80) are introduced into the first space (90).

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