EP3757682A1 - Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen hemmungsmechanismus umfasst - Google Patents

Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen hemmungsmechanismus umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3757682A1
EP3757682A1 EP20165957.0A EP20165957A EP3757682A1 EP 3757682 A1 EP3757682 A1 EP 3757682A1 EP 20165957 A EP20165957 A EP 20165957A EP 3757682 A1 EP3757682 A1 EP 3757682A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnetic moment
compensating
moment
magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20165957.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3757682B1 (de
Inventor
M. Gianni DI DOMENICO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Publication of EP3757682A1 publication Critical patent/EP3757682A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C5/00—Electric or magnetic means for converting oscillatory to rotary motion in time-pieces, i.e. electric or magnetic escapements
    • G04C5/005—Magnetic or electromagnetic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to watch movements provided with at least one rotating element participating in at least one magnetic system of the watch movement, this rotating element being provided with at least one functional permanent magnet forming said at least one magnetic system.
  • rotating element is understood to mean an element arranged in the watch movement so as to be able to undergo a certain rotation, in a given direction or in both directions.
  • this expression applies for example as much to an escape wheel as to a balance, an anchor or a lever.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece, in particular a wristwatch, comprising at least one horological movement of the type described above.
  • watch movements comprising at least one magnetic system involved in the operation of the watch movement are known from the prior art.
  • watch movements are known which are equipped with a magnetic escapement formed by a magnetic system in which at least one magnet carried by an anchor and at least one magnet carried by an escape wheel participate.
  • Such magnetic escapements are described in particular in documents EP_2887157 , EP_2911015 , EP_3128379 , EP_3217227 and CH_712154 .
  • watch movements having a magnetic escapement without stopper part of the magnetic system of which is carried by the mechanical resonator of the watch movement and the other part is carried by a wheel. exhaust.
  • Such watch movements are in particular described in documents CH_709031 and CH_713070 .
  • the document BE 635 519 describes an electric clock with an electromagnetic oscillator, that is to say an oscillator carrying a magnet mounted in the middle of a twist wire and maintained by an electric coil. So that an external magnetic field does not disturb the operation of the electromagnetic resonator, it is proposed to add a second magnet, with radial magnetization and of polarity opposite to that of the magnet of the resonator, on the torsion wire. Thus, an external magnetic field will not generate a torque of parasitic force acting on the torsion wire,
  • the set of functional permanent magnets of a rotating element which forms a magnetic escapement of a watch movement, often exhibits an overall magnetic moment, the component of which along the axis of rotation of the rotating element is non-zero.
  • the invention relates to a watch movement comprising a magnetic escapement formed by an escape wheel and an anchor, at least one of which participates in a magnetic system of this magnetic escapement and is provided with at least one functional permanent magnet forming the system.
  • magnetic all of the functional permanent magnets of the escape wheel or / and all of the functional permanent magnets of the anchor having an overall magnetic moment oriented in a general direction of magnetization.
  • the escape wheel or / and the anchor each further comprises / comprise at least one permanent magnet for compensating for said overall magnetic moment, said at least one permanent magnet for compensation being arranged so that the addition vector of the global magnetic moment with the compensation magnetic moment gives either a zero vector or a resulting vector whose norm is less than the norm of the global magnetic moment.
  • said at least one permanent compensation magnet is arranged so that, where appropriate, the norm of said resulting vector is less than half of the norm of the overall magnetic moment.
  • the magnetic compensating moment is oriented in the general direction of magnetization and has a direction opposite to that of said overall magnetic moment.
  • the norm of the compensating magnetic moment is substantially equal to the norm of the overall magnetic moment.
  • a parasitic force couple generated by the overall magnetic moment of all the permanent magnets functional in a uniform external magnetic field and applying to the rotating element considered (the escape wheel or the anchor) is at least partially compensated by a compensating force torque generated by the compensating magnetic moment in the uniform external magnetic field.
  • the total torque force acting on the rotating element when a uniform external magnetic field passes through the watch movement, has a low value which may be substantially zero.
  • Parasitic friction forces which would act, in the absence of said at least one permanent compensation magnet, on the two pivots of the rotating element in their respective bearings in the presence of a magnetic field are thus greatly reduced, or even substantially canceled.
  • external uniform generating on all the functional permanent magnets a torque of parasitic force whose vector is not axial.
  • the magnetic escape wheel 4 comprises a shaft 8 having at its two ends two pivots 10 and 11 respectively arranged in two bearings 12 and 13 which define an axis of rotation 9 for the escape wheel.
  • This escape wheel conventionally comprises a pinion 14 for its drive by a barrel, generally via a kinematic chain formed of at least one mobile.
  • the two magnetic tracks 20, 21 and said at least one pallet 34 together form a magnetic system of the watch movement incorporating the magnetic escapement in question.
  • the permanent magnets forming the two magnetic tracks and said at least one permanent magnet forming said at least one magnetic paddle are called 'functional permanent magnets' by the fact that they actively participate in the magnetic system provided for contactless coupling of the wheel. escapement with anchor.
  • the magnetic anchor further comprises a shaft 26 having at its two ends two pivots 28 and 29 respectively arranged in two bearings 30 and 31 which define an axis of rotation 27 for the magnetic anchor.
  • the magnetic anchor comprises an arm 32 connecting the magnetic pallet 34 to the shaft 26 and a rod 36 having at its end free a fork 38 and a dart 39.
  • the external magnetic field B Ext has a non-zero component Bx.
  • the magnetic tracks or magnet tracks 20, 21 both have a magnetization axis oriented along the Z axis and having the same direction, so the overall magnetic moment of the functional permanent magnets forming these two magnetic tracks or magnet tracks has a direction along the Z axis.
  • each functional magnet carried by the escape wheel has a magnetic moment which can be defined mathematically as being the integral of the magnetization over the entire volume of this functional magnet.
  • all of the functional permanent magnets of the escape wheel namely those forming the two magnetic tracks, have an overall magnetic moment oriented along the axis of rotation 9 of the escape wheel, c ' that is to say along the Z axis.
  • an external magnetic field B Ext passes through the escape wheel, the overall magnetic moment of that escape wheel tends to align with the external magnetic field, similar to the needle of a compass. .
  • an external magnetic field having a component Bx generates, for a rotating element having an overall magnetic moment whose component along its axis of rotation is non-zero, a moment of force whose vector has a component M Y , along the Y axis, which is non-zero.
  • an external magnetic field having a non-zero radial component, relative to the axis of rotation of a rotating element provided with magnets, generates, when this rotating element exhibits an overall magnetic moment, the component of which along its axis of rotation is non-zero, a moment of force on the rotating element whose vector has a non-zero radial component M XY in the XY plane. From this radial component M XY of the moment of force generated by the external magnetic field results a radial force of each of the two pivots 10, 11 on the lateral surface of the hole of the respective bearing 12, 13 in which this pivot is arranged.
  • the escape wheel 42 forming a rotating element, comprises a permanent magnet 44 for compensating the overall magnetic moment that all of the functional permanent magnets of this escape wheel have.
  • the compensation permanent magnet is arranged so that the vector addition of said overall magnetic moment with the compensation magnetic moment of this compensation permanent magnet gives either a zero vector or a resulting vector whose norm is lower to the norm of the global magnetic moment.
  • the norm of said resulting vector is expected to be less than half of the norm of said overall magnetic moment.
  • the permanent compensation magnet can interact with other elements of the watch movement and generate a certain disturbance in the operation of these other elements or components carrying the rotating element in question or these other elements.
  • the watch designer chooses not to fully compensate a parasitic force torque which is applied to the rotating element considered and resulting from a coupling of said overall magnetic moment with a uniform external magnetic field.
  • the compensating magnetic moment is oriented in the general direction (Z axis) of said overall magnetic moment and has a direction opposite to that of this overall magnetic moment.
  • the norm of the compensating magnetic moment is expected to be substantially equal to the norm of the overall magnetic moment.
  • the permanent compensation magnet 44 is arranged so as not to prevent all the functional permanent magnets of the escape wheel 42 from fulfilling their respective functions in the magnetic coupling system of this escape wheel with a magnetic anchor. , for example similar to the magnetic anchor 6 of the Figure 2 .
  • the permanent compensation magnet is an annular magnet which is arranged around the pivoted shaft 8.
  • the annular compensation magnet is arranged under the two plates 16 and 18 on the side opposite that of the drive pinion 14.
  • the escape wheel 52 comprises a permanent compensation magnet 44A which is also of annular shape and arranged around the shaft 8A of this escape wheel, against a shoulder of this shaft, but this magnet 44A is arranged here between the two plates 16 and 18 respectively carrying the two magnetized tracks 20 and 22. More particularly, the magnet 44A is arranged midway between the two plates. This configuration is more optimal in the case where the external magnetic field which passes through the magnetic escape wheel is not very uniform.
  • FIG. 5A and 5B There is shown an embodiment of the invention which relates to a magnetic anchor 62, which forms a rotating element provided with at least one functional permanent magnet.
  • This magnetic anchor apart from the permanent compensation magnet 44B, is similar to that of the Figure 1 .
  • the Figure 5A is cut in a general plane comprising the axis of rotation 27 and the longitudinal axis of the rod 36.
  • the Figure 5B is a top view, without the representation of the upper landing.
  • the magnetic anchor is similar to a classic Swiss type anchor. It comprises two magnetic paddles formed respectively by two permanent magnets 34 and 35 which are respectively arranged at the ends of two arms 32 and 33.
  • the two magnetic paddles constitute the set of functional permanent magnets of the anchor 62.
  • the permanent magnets 34 and 35 both have an axial magnetization with the same polarity, so that the set of functional permanent magnets has, as for the magnetic escape wheel described above, an overall magnetic moment oriented along the Z axis (orientation of the rotation axis).
  • the permanent compensation magnet 44B has a magnetic axis along the axis of rotation and a reverse polarity with respect to that of the two permanent magnets 34, 35.
  • the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the compensating permanent magnet 44B is selected in a manner similar to that previously described for the compensating permanent magnet 44, 44A of the escape wheel 42 or 52.
  • the magnet 44B is also ring-shaped and arranged around the shaft 26 of the anchor. Preferably, this magnet 44B is arranged along the shaft 26 as close as possible to the general plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation and comprising the two magnets 34, 35 which participate in the magnetic system for coupling the magnetic anchor with a escape wheel, for example similar to that shown in Figures 3 , 4 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
EP20165957.0A 2019-06-26 2020-03-26 Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen hemmungsmechanismus umfasst Active EP3757682B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19182711 2019-06-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3757682A1 true EP3757682A1 (de) 2020-12-30
EP3757682B1 EP3757682B1 (de) 2022-03-09

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE635519A (de) 1962-07-30 1963-11-18
FR1508525A (fr) * 1966-01-21 1968-01-05 Gen Electric Perfectionnements aux aimants oscillants pour horloge à fil de torsion
EP2887157A1 (de) 2013-12-23 2015-06-24 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Optimierte Uhrhemmung
CH709031A2 (fr) 2013-12-23 2015-06-30 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Dispositif régulateur de la vitesse angulaire d'un mobile dans un mouvement horloger comprenant un échappement magnétique.
EP2911015A2 (de) 2013-12-23 2015-08-26 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Natürliche Entlüftung
EP3128379A1 (de) 2015-08-04 2017-02-08 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Hemmung mit hemmungsrad mit feldrampen und vorrichtung zur rücklaufsicherung
CH712154A2 (fr) 2016-02-18 2017-08-31 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Mobile d'échappement magnétique d'horlogerie.
EP3217227A1 (de) 2016-03-11 2017-09-13 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Reguliermechanismus eines uhrwerks mit optimierter magnetischer hemmung
CH713070A2 (fr) 2016-10-25 2018-04-30 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Mouvement mécanique d'horlogerie comportant un mécanisme résonateur à lames et un mécanisme d'échappement magnétique.

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE635519A (de) 1962-07-30 1963-11-18
FR1508525A (fr) * 1966-01-21 1968-01-05 Gen Electric Perfectionnements aux aimants oscillants pour horloge à fil de torsion
EP2887157A1 (de) 2013-12-23 2015-06-24 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Optimierte Uhrhemmung
CH709031A2 (fr) 2013-12-23 2015-06-30 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Dispositif régulateur de la vitesse angulaire d'un mobile dans un mouvement horloger comprenant un échappement magnétique.
EP2911015A2 (de) 2013-12-23 2015-08-26 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Natürliche Entlüftung
EP3128379A1 (de) 2015-08-04 2017-02-08 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Hemmung mit hemmungsrad mit feldrampen und vorrichtung zur rücklaufsicherung
CH712154A2 (fr) 2016-02-18 2017-08-31 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Mobile d'échappement magnétique d'horlogerie.
EP3217227A1 (de) 2016-03-11 2017-09-13 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Reguliermechanismus eines uhrwerks mit optimierter magnetischer hemmung
CH713070A2 (fr) 2016-10-25 2018-04-30 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Mouvement mécanique d'horlogerie comportant un mécanisme résonateur à lames et un mécanisme d'échappement magnétique.

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