EP3757465A1 - Système et procédé de régulation d'un paramètre du milieu sur le côté secondaire d'un échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Système et procédé de régulation d'un paramètre du milieu sur le côté secondaire d'un échangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3757465A1
EP3757465A1 EP20170810.4A EP20170810A EP3757465A1 EP 3757465 A1 EP3757465 A1 EP 3757465A1 EP 20170810 A EP20170810 A EP 20170810A EP 3757465 A1 EP3757465 A1 EP 3757465A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
speed
primary circuit
change
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20170810.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dr. Jens Oppermann
Jens Teichmann
Alexander Kümpel
Paul Mathis
Dr. Dirk Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilo SE
Original Assignee
Rheinisch Westlische Technische Hochschuke RWTH
Wilo SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinisch Westlische Technische Hochschuke RWTH, Wilo SE filed Critical Rheinisch Westlische Technische Hochschuke RWTH
Publication of EP3757465A1 publication Critical patent/EP3757465A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0005—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves
    • F04D15/0016—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves mixing-reversing- or deviation valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0005—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves
    • F04D15/0022—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves throttling valves or valves varying the pump inlet opening or the outlet opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
    • F04D15/0245—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the pump
    • F04D15/0254—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the pump the condition being speed or load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1012—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating by regulating the speed of a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/303—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2130/00—Control inputs relating to environmental factors not covered by group F24F2110/00
    • F24F2130/10—Weather information or forecasts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system and a method for regulating a media parameter of the secondary-side medium of a heat exchanger, in particular air, comprising a heat exchanger through which a secondary medium flows and with a primary circuit in which a primary-side heat transfer medium can be conveyed through the heat exchanger with a pump, wherein for the media parameters -Control at least one control unit is provided, which is set up by electronics and / or a program to carry out the control.
  • a heat exchanger can e.g. be a plate heat exchanger, for example if the media on the primary and secondary side are liquids.
  • a heat exchanger can also be a so-called heating or cooling register or a convector.
  • the medium on the primary side is usually a liquid and that on the secondary side is usually a gas, in particular air.
  • the direction of transmission can be as desired when controlling the temperature of the medium on the secondary side.
  • energy is usually transferred from the primary side to the secondary side and vice versa in a cooling application.
  • the heat transfer medium such as often a liquid, preferably water or a water / glycol mixture, is usually actively circulated with at least one pump on the primary side, for example circulated through a heating or cooling device.
  • the medium e.g. a liquid such as water or a gaseous medium, e.g. Air can be actively promoted.
  • a liquid is usually conveyed with at least one pump and air with at least one fan.
  • the medium can also be conveyed on the secondary side purely by convection.
  • Typical applications, including those according to the invention, are the heating or cooling of rooms in a building.
  • the invention also relates to these applications, in particular the temperature control of air on the secondary side.
  • the temperature of the medium on the secondary side is regulated, e.g.
  • the temperature of the medium on the secondary side is preferably used as the regulated media parameter.
  • Alternative media parameters are e.g. the humidity (especially relative humidity) of the medium or the enthalpy of the medium can also be used, in particular in the case of adiabatic humidification, preferably with regulated nozzles.
  • the selected media parameter can be detected by the medium of the secondary side by means of a sensor and made available to the control.
  • the control compares the recorded media parameter with a target value and, in the event of a deviation, provides a manipulated variable that reduces the deviation.
  • the manipulated variable acts on an adjusting means in the primary circuit.
  • the regulation is usually carried out by electronics and / or a program in a regulating unit.
  • the control unit is given the measured media parameter on the secondary side and a target value of the media parameter to be achieved, after which the control unit - also simply called a controller - determines a manipulated variable that reduces the deviation between the target value and the current media parameter, e.g. calculated and transmitted to the actuating means.
  • the actuating means is usually formed by an actuator in the primary circuit. The invention also makes use of this procedure.
  • the prior art usually provides that the controller, or a control unit forming it, is arranged centrally in a switch cabinet or in some other way. This is often also useful, for example to separate the hydraulic parts and the electrical / electronic parts of a system.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a regulated system and a method for regulating a system of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the cabling effort can be significantly reduced.
  • an actuator of the primary circuit comprises the control unit.
  • the object is achieved in that the control of the media parameter is carried out by electronics and / or a program in an actuator of the primary circuit.
  • the control or control unit can preferably be arranged at least in the housing of the actuator, but in particular also be implemented in its electronics.
  • the control unit can thus form part of the electronics in or on the actuator that the actuator requires for its actuator functionality.
  • the control unit can also form separate electronics, which, however, are arranged at least at the location of the actuator, preferably at least on its housing, more preferably in its housing. If the control unit and actuator have separate electronics, they communicate with one another within the actuator.
  • the control unit can preferably include all components of the system that are required for the control, in particular at least one sub-unit with a target / actual comparison of the parameter to be controlled, possibly with storage locations for the target and actual parameters that are externally sent to them Storage locations are transferred.
  • This sub-unit can also provide a manipulated variable which is determined in order to reduce the target / actual deviation.
  • a manipulated variable can be communicated externally from the control unit to an actuating device.
  • an actuating device is also already implemented in the control unit as a sub-unit. As will be described below, such an adjusting device can, for example, influence the position of a valve, in particular a throttle valve or also a mixer valve.
  • An actuator of the primary circuit is generally understood to mean any controllable element or device with which an operating parameter of the primary circuit can be influenced, that is to say in particular the operating parameter can be actively changed.
  • it can be an actuator to which a control variable is fed.
  • Such an actuator thus converts the manipulated variable received into a change in the operating parameter.
  • Possible operating parameters are e.g. the hydraulic resistance of the primary circuit, the volume flow in the primary circuit, the temperature of the medium in the primary circuit.
  • the design according to the invention has the advantage that the control unit is arranged directly at the location of an actuator in the primary circuit. This significantly reduces cable routes or, in general, signal transmission routes or communication routes. The signal transmission behavior is improved and thus the susceptibility to errors is also reduced.
  • the cable or signal or communication paths are particularly short if the actuator is one that can convert a manipulated variable that is received from the control system directly into a change in an operating parameter.
  • the invention can provide that the actuator is formed, for example, by the pump with which the medium can be conveyed in the primary circuit.
  • the implementation of the control unit in or on the pump is particularly advantageous if the control unit provides a manipulated variable to the pump which is converted by the pump itself as an actuator into a change in the operating parameter, e.g. the manipulated variable causes a change in speed, which is accompanied by a change in the volume flow in the primary circuit.
  • the control unit provides a manipulated variable to the pump which is converted by the pump itself as an actuator into a change in the operating parameter, e.g. the manipulated variable causes a change in speed, which is accompanied by a change in the volume flow in the primary circuit.
  • the setpoint can be stored in the control unit, if necessary after transmission to it.
  • the invention can also provide that the control unit in / on the pump can transmit the determined manipulated variable to another actuator in the primary circuit, e.g. to a throttle valve or a mixer valve.
  • the actuator is formed by a throttle valve in the primary circuit.
  • the implementation of the control unit in or on the throttle valve is particularly advantageous if the control unit has a Provides manipulated variable to the throttle valve, which is converted by the throttle valve itself as an actuator into a change in the operating parameter, e.g. the manipulated variable causes a change in the hydraulic resistance in the primary circuit, e.g. by adjusting the valve actuator of the throttle valve.
  • the control unit there are no external transmission paths for the manipulated variable provided by the control unit. Only the actual value of the regulated media parameter on the secondary side needs to be transmitted to the throttle valve.
  • the setpoint can be stored in the control unit, if necessary after transmission to it.
  • the invention can also provide that the control unit in / on the throttle valve can transmit the determined manipulated variable to another actuator of the primary circuit, for example to the pump in the primary circuit or to a mixer valve.
  • the actuator is formed by a mixer valve with which a medium from a mixer circuit can be mixed into the medium of the primary circuit, in particular whereby the temperature of the medium in the primary circuit can be changed.
  • the implementation of the control unit in or on the mixer valve is particularly advantageous if the control unit provides a manipulated variable to the mixer valve which is converted into a change in the operating parameter by the mixer valve itself as an actuator, e.g. the manipulated variable causes a change in the temperature in the primary circuit, e.g. by adjusting the admixture of a medium from a mixer circuit into the primary circuit. In this case, there are no external transmission paths for the manipulated variable provided by the control unit.
  • the setpoint can be stored in the control unit, if necessary after transmission to it.
  • the invention can also provide that the control unit in / on the mixer valve can transmit the determined control variable to another actuator in the primary circuit, e.g. to the pump in the primary circuit or to a throttle valve.
  • the embodiment which is particularly preferred according to the invention is the one mentioned above, in which the implementation of the control takes place on the pump, that is to say the pump comprises the control unit.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention can also provide that the control unit is designed as a module that can be plugged into and removed from the actuator, in particular the pump.
  • the plug connection between the actuator and the control unit module can be formed electronically by a standard bus system, e.g. Modbus or CAN bus.
  • the modular design enables the control unit to be programmed and / or parameterized completely externally, e.g. in an external PLC system, and as a finished module in the actuator, preferably to use the pump.
  • the actuator can have a receiving shaft into which the module can be inserted, in particular flush with the surface. This also results in the possibility of implementing, in particular changing, different types of control or different parameterizations of a control in a simple manner for the same pump.
  • a preferred development of the invention can provide that a user interface is implemented on the actuator and / or on the control unit of the actuator, preferably on a control unit designed as a plug-in module, via which the control unit can be parameterized by a user.
  • a user can either carry out programming or parameterization of the control unit alone or change it to a predefined programming / parameterization upon request.
  • Such a user interface can comprise an input unit and / or output unit for data.
  • the user interface can also be designed as a communication interface, preferably a wireless one, via which the actuator, preferably the control unit, more preferably the control unit module, communicates with an external communication device, e.g. a mobile phone.
  • the actuator in particular the pump, has a temperature sensor for detecting the media temperature on the primary side.
  • the actuator is one that is hydraulically connected directly to the medium of the primary circuit, as is the case, for example, with a pump, a throttle valve or a mixer valve.
  • the temperature sensor can be designed entirely internally in the actuator, so that again any external communication paths or signal transmission paths for temperature values are dispensed with.
  • the actuator in particular the pump, comprises an outside temperature sensor and / or comprises a communication connection via which temperature data from a weather database can be transmitted to the actuator.
  • the actuator e.g. of the pump, all essential parameters are brought together that are required for a rule, in particular as a function of outside temperatures.
  • the invention can e.g. provide that the control unit is set up over a predetermined period, in particular one year, to record the heat demand as a function of the outside temperature and to form a heating curve from this, which assigns the associated medium temperature of the primary circuit to an outside temperature, in particular such that for all outside temperatures the volume flow in the primary circuit is at least essentially constant.
  • a preferred embodiment of the control can provide that the media parameter control is at least partially by means of a change in the speed of the pump as a manipulated variable the regulation takes place, with a change in an operating parameter of the primary circuit that counteracts the lowering, in particular with which a lowering of the pump speed to a minimum speed is prevented when falling below or reaching a predetermined lower limit value with a decrease in the speed of the pump.
  • the triggered change in an operating parameter thus preferably prevents a further decrease in the pump speed, in particular a further decrease down to the minimum speed.
  • the minimum speed is therefore preferably not reached in the control according to the invention, but the pump is always operated above this minimum speed, e.g. also above a speed limit value that is not to be fallen below, which can be the minimum speed or can also be greater than this.
  • the minimum speed can be an operating speed greater than zero rpm (switch-off position) below which the pump under consideration cannot be operated or at least should not be operated.
  • electronics Do not allow the pump to fall below this minimum speed, for example even when a lower speed is being controlled, for example by an external control variable.
  • the conveyed volume flow can be too high, so that small power requirements cannot be met, since the transferred heat output at this minimum speed would be greater than the requested power. In the low-fire range, it is therefore not possible to regulate with a pure speed change.
  • the system parameter can be a value that can be recorded on the system, e.g. a value that can be detected on the primary side or on the secondary side or on both sides.
  • Some preferred system parameters are named below.
  • a possible implementation can be e.g. provide that a lower speed limit value is monitored as the lower limit value.
  • This is a system parameter that is only recorded on the primary side.
  • the invention has the effect that, if the speed is reduced by the regulation, the falling below or reaching this lower speed limit value is monitored and, if the falling below or reaching is detected, the mentioned change of an operating parameter counteracting the lowering is triggered, so is triggered.
  • the lower speed limit value at the pump is still undercut, but the counteracting change at least causes the lowering of the speed to end at least before the minimum speed is reached.
  • the named lower speed limit value of the pump is a speed value that is above the minimum speed, e.g. the design-related minimum speed at which the pump in the given primary circuit would deliver too high a volume flow and thus could not serve low power requirements.
  • Another embodiment can also provide that, as the lower limit value, a difference value between the current pump speed and a speed limit value that is not to be fallen below is monitored.
  • the pump always runs at a speed greater than that not to below the speed limit value is operated, for which a sufficiently large distance from the speed limit value not to be undershot is defined by the mentioned difference value, from which the change in operating parameters according to the invention is triggered when the value falls below or is reached.
  • the change in the operating parameter is thus already triggered when the speed limit value, which is not to be fallen below, has not yet been reached, but the current pump speed is spaced apart from it by the difference value.
  • the difference value can e.g. be dimensioned in such a way that, taking into account system inertia, the counteraction to the lowering is prevented from falling below the lower speed limit value.
  • the lower limit value can be a lower power requirement value. This can e.g. are determined from the inlet temperature of the secondary-side medium upstream of the heat exchanger, the volume flow of the secondary-side medium and a target temperature of the secondary-side medium.
  • This system parameter is therefore a secondary parameter. E.g. it must be stored in the system that services below the lower performance requirement value cannot / should not be served, e.g. without lowering the speed of the pump towards the minimum speed or another lower speed limit that should not be undercut.
  • the change in the operating parameter triggered by the aforementioned monitoring has the effect that the control, which can be implemented with at least one controller, causes the speed manipulated variable for the pump, which is triggered by a controller, with the change or after the change in the operating parameter the pump is provided, is set to a larger value, in particular a value larger than before the change was initiated, in order to (continue to) adhere to the setpoint value of the media parameter being monitored.
  • the change preferably has the effect that the previously monitored limit value is maintained again after the change has been made.
  • the speed control variable can be set so that after the setting, the speed is greater than or equal to the monitored lower speed Speed limit value or the monitored differential value or the monitored lower power requirement value are reached or exceeded.
  • the change in the operating parameter reduces the heat transfer (viewed independently of the direction, i.e. its sign-adjusted absolute value) in the heat exchanger with the pump speed unchanged or at least assumed to be unchanged at the moment the change is triggered and then by the control or by the Regulator increases the volume flow in the primary circuit by increasing the pump speed and thereby increases the heat transfer again, in particular the previous reduction in heat transfer caused by the change is reduced, preferably at least compensated for.
  • this approach according to the invention is based on the idea of designing the primary circuit, which is still unaffected by the aforementioned change in an operating parameter, in such a way that the primary-side volume flows required for the control in order to achieve the required energy transfer in the heat exchanger are not solely due to a change in speed in the unaffected primary circuit Pump, e.g. cannot be achieved simply by reducing the speed.
  • the unaffected primary circuit is one in which the operating parameter, which is subject to change according to the invention, is still unchanged, the operating parameter thus e.g. has a predefined design value or starting value from which the change is made.
  • the design is such that volume flows would be required in the unaffected primary circuit in an interval between a minimum volume flow and a maximum volume flow, in particular to achieve a desired control behavior or a desired energy transfer, with the minimum volume flow being smaller than the volume flow present at the minimum speed, so the result is that the minimum volume flow could theoretically only be achieved if the minimum speed of the pump were not reached.
  • the invention thus counteracts this problem with the approach of lowering the speed before reaching the minimum speed, further reducing the heat transfer by changing the operating parameter and thus reducing the speed of the pump in one To keep controllable range, in particular at least above the minimum speed, preferably above a limit.
  • the invention can also provide that when a predetermined upper limit value is exceeded or reached when the speed of the pump is increased, a change in the operating parameter that counteracts the increase (e.g. a previous change) is triggered.
  • the invention can basically provide that changes in the operating parameter are possible in both directions starting from a design or starting value, that is to say increasing or decreasing the design value.
  • the heat transfer requirement in the heat exchanger increases, which e.g. can be indicated by a deviation from the setpoint of the media parameter, and the speed of the pump is increased by the controller to service the demand, so the opposite change in the second direction can be triggered or made, in particular by the further, when the upper limit value is exceeded To reduce or prevent increasing the speed by the controller.
  • At least one previous change in the operating parameter in the first direction can be reversed, and several previous changes in the operating parameter can also be reversed directly.
  • the opposite change in the operating parameter causes in the second direction thus an increase in the energy transfer in the heat exchanger is the opposite of the change that previously caused a reduction in the heat transfer.
  • the invention can also use several different system parameters when monitoring the exceeding of an upper limit value.
  • a possible implementation can be e.g. provide that an upper speed limit value of the primary-side pump is monitored as the upper limit value.
  • the invention has the effect that when the control increases the speed, the exceeding or reaching of this upper speed limit value is monitored and, if the exceeding or reaching is detected, the said change of an operating parameter counteracting the increase is triggered, so is triggered.
  • the upper speed limit value on the pump can still be exceeded, but the counteracting change at least causes the increase in speed to be ended at least before a maximum speed is reached.
  • the maximum speed can be that which the pump, e.g. should / cannot exceed due to the design.
  • Another embodiment can also provide that a difference value between the current pump speed and a speed limit value not to be exceeded at the top is monitored as the upper limit value.
  • the pump is operated predominantly, preferably always at a speed lower than the speed limit value not to be exceeded, for which a sufficiently large distance from the speed limit value not to be exceeded is defined by the mentioned difference value, after which the speed limit value is exceeded or reached inventive operating parameter change is triggered.
  • the change in the operating parameter is thus already triggered when the speed limit value that is not to be exceeded has not yet been reached, but the current pump speed is spaced apart from it by the difference value.
  • the difference value can e.g. be dimensioned in such a way that, taking system inertia into account, the counteraction is prevented from exceeding the upper speed limit value.
  • the upper limit value can be an upper performance requirement value.
  • this can e.g. are determined from the inlet temperature of the secondary-side medium upstream of the heat exchanger, the volume flow of the secondary-side medium and a target temperature of the secondary-side medium. E.g. it must be stored in the system that services above the upper performance requirement value cannot / should not be served, e.g. without increasing the speed of the pump towards the maximum speed or another upper speed limit that must not be exceeded.
  • the invention can provide for the value of each change in the first direction (when reducing the speed) to be saved in order to subsequently make changes in the opposite second direction (when increasing the speed) with the same value to exactly compensate for the previous change.
  • the operating range of the speed at the pump can be in a predetermined, e.g. necessary or desired interval, with which alone the required range of services cannot be served.
  • the change in the operating parameter in a first direction which is triggered when the lower limit value is undershot or reached, but also in the opposite second direction, which is triggered when the upper limit value is exceeded or reached, can each change by a predetermined value, e.g. that stored in the controller or which is calculated before the change, preferably the change value ensuring that the new speed of the pump set after the change brings about a selected, in particular sufficient distance from the respective limit, in particular by a control range until the monitored limit is reached again to tap into where the regulator is a can meet changing demand for energy transfer at least temporarily.
  • This new speed is preferably selected so that after the change there is a distance between the system parameter and the monitored limit value that is greater than 10%, preferably greater than 20% of the difference between the upper and lower limit values.
  • the change in the operating parameter can also be dimensioned in such a way that the speed to be set after the change to compensate for the change in heat transfer results in a system parameter that lies in the middle between the upper and lower limit value. This ensures that after a change in the operating parameter there is sufficient control range available in both directions, preferably because the system parameter that is set after the change is always in the middle between the monitored lower and upper limit value.
  • the invention can also provide that, depending on a change made or to be made to the operating parameter, regardless of its direction, the associated change in the energy transfer in the heat exchanger is calculated, e.g. as a function of stored parameters of the controlled system, and a speed manipulated variable for a speed is calculated in advance, set by the controller and transmitted to the pump, with which the change in the energy transfer is reduced, preferably at least theoretically compensated.
  • This calculation can be implemented in the controller, which specifies the speed control variable as a function of the media parameter or in an additional, e.g. higher-level or subordinate controller or a computing unit.
  • control time can be reduced by initially setting the speed that is likely to be required directly, or an at least temporary deviation of the media parameter from the setpoint value caused by the change in the operating parameter can be avoided or reduced.
  • the invention can also include volume flow control.
  • Their volume flow setpoint can, for example, be provided by a higher-level controller in the case of cascaded control.
  • the volume flow present in the primary circuit before the change in the operating parameter can also be recorded, for example by means of a sensor in the primary circuit or from pump parameters and this volume flow can be adopted as the setpoint that is regulated after the operating parameter has been changed.
  • This can also be implemented in the controller, which specifies the manipulated speed variable as a function of the media parameter, or in an additional, for example higher-level or secondary controller or a computing unit.
  • the invention can provide that it is designed by a system in which the at least one controller or the named control unit is set up to carry out the method described above.
  • a preferred embodiment can provide that at least the control electronics of the media parameter control, in particular the temperature control for specifying the speed control variable, preferably the entire control electronics for performing the above-described method, or the method in or on the pump in the primary circuit, which is specified below with reference to the figures is / is arranged in or on the housing of the pump of the primary circuit.
  • the arrangement can be such that the control is fully integrated into the pump electronics of the pump of the primary circuit. It is thus achieved that no additional control unit has to be added to the pump electronics in order to form the system. Pump electronics and control unit thus form a common electronics unit.
  • This also has the advantage that parameters present in the pump, e.g. Operating parameters can be made available directly to the control, in particular therefore only via internal pump lines or communication paths.
  • the frame 5a is intended to visualize that at least the control components arranged in this frame are integrated into the pump 5 as a control unit 5a, for example directly in its electronics or as separate electronics, for example as a module that is in / on the pump is plugged in.
  • the Components in the frame 5a can also be arranged in / on another actuator, for example the throttle valve 3 or the mixing valve 9.
  • the invention can provide that, in addition to the framed components, other components are also integrated into the control unit 5a, for example into the Figures 1 , 2 and 5 also the valve positioner 2. Based on the Figures 3 and 4th for example, the valve actuator of the mixer valve 9, which is not referenced in any more detail, could also form part of the control unit 5a.
  • the Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention in which between the primary side and the secondary side of a heat transfer 8 energy is transferred, for example from the primary circuit 1 to the medium, such as air on the secondary side.
  • the outlet temperature of the medium after the heat exchanger 8 is recorded on the secondary side and compared with a target temperature in the controller 7, which specifies the required target volume flow in the primary circuit 1 for the controller 4 in order to reduce the temperature difference.
  • the hydraulic resistance of the primary circuit 1 is increased as a counteracting change in an operating parameter. This can take place, for example, by means of a valve adjusting device 2 with which the opening cross section of a throttle valve 3 arranged in the primary circuit 1 is reduced.
  • the pump speed is monitored for falling below or reaching a lower limit value, and the counteracting change is triggered when the lower limit is detected.
  • the invention detects whether the speed falls below or reaches the lower speed limit value and then triggers a reduction in the cross section of the throttle valve 3, which counteracts a further decrease in the speed.
  • the effect is, for example, that by reducing the opening cross-section of the throttle valve 3, the hydraulic resistance in the primary circuit 1 increases, which causes an increased pressure loss in the control system, whereby the volume flow is reduced, which also reduces the heat transfer. It can be provided that the pump always generates a minimum pressure difference, which already results in an increase in speed.
  • the regulation or the controller 4 will regulate the volume flow by changing the speed, in particular increasing it at the pump 5 to the predetermined setpoint value, in particular which compensates for the loss of heat transfer caused by the change.
  • the controller 4 receives the target volume flow from a higher-level controller 7, which specifies this target volume flow to the controller 4 as a function of a target temperature of the medium on the secondary side and its actual temperature, which is compared with the actual in the controller 4 -Volume flow, e.g. in the primary circuit 1 is measured with a volume flow sensor 6, which is alternatively determined from pump data.
  • the speed of the pump after the change is therefore greater than before the change.
  • the control can thus further reduce the heat transfer with a further reduction in speed, but remains in a desired speed control range because of the change in the hydraulic resistance.
  • the actual volume flow can also be recorded directly before a change in the throttle valve position and taken over as a setpoint value which is regulated by the controller 4 directly after the change by specifying the speed.
  • the same volume flow is at least essentially conveyed, but at different speeds.
  • the method can also provide for a new speed to be specified directly, which causes a volume flow rate smaller than the volume flow rate before the change, in order to continue to meet the falling demand for heat transfer directly.
  • the invention can furthermore preferably provide in the volume flow control 4 of the primary circuit 1, in particular which is arranged downstream of the media parameter control 7 of the medium on the secondary side, in order to achieve a target media parameter of the medium on the secondary side, that the speed control variable for the pump 5 or the actual Speed of the pump 5 is compared with the predetermined lower speed limit value of the pump 5, which can be stored in the controller 4 or the valve actuator 2, for example.
  • the comparison can be made, for example, in valve positioner 2 or in another unit of regulation.
  • It can preferably be provided that if the predetermined lower speed limit value is not reached or reached, the opening cross-section of the throttle valve 3 is reduced to a value smaller than the design value, e.g. the maximum cross-section, in particular by a predetermined amount, which is e.g. stored or calculated can be, for example, to bring about a speed change in the middle of the speed interval between the limit values after the change in the throttle valve position.
  • the invention in this embodiment can also provide that in the volume flow control of the primary circuit 1, the speed control variable for the pump 5 or the actual speed of the pump 5 is also compared with a predetermined upper speed limit value of the pump 5 and if it is exceeded or reaching the upper speed limit value and an opening cross-section of the throttle valve that is simultaneously present smaller than the maximum cross-section with the valve adjusting device the opening cross-section of the throttle valve is increased, in particular by a predetermined amount, or with a maximum cross-section of the throttle valve present at the same time, the speed manipulated variable to a speed greater than the upper speed limit value is increased. If the cross section of the throttle valve 3 can no longer be enlarged, the need for increased energy transfer must therefore be served by increasing the speed above the upper speed limit value. The upper speed limit must therefore be selected below a maximum speed of the pump so that this is possible.
  • This embodiment can therefore e.g. provide that the design value of the throttle valve 3 for the unaffected primary circuit is the fully open position, from which a change is only possible in the first direction mentioned above.
  • the design can of course also take place for a position of the throttle valve 3 with a reduced cross-section, which thus also enables changes based on the design value in both directions.
  • control unit 5a determines a manipulated variable in the pump 5, which is used directly in the pump 5 to set the speed, but which is also externally to another actuator is communicated, namely here to the valve actuator 2.
  • the control unit 5a continues to receive the temperature of the secondary medium, the current volume flow in the primary circuit and the setpoint of the temperature of the secondary medium from the outside.
  • the Figure 2 shows an embodiment in which the hydraulic resistance is also influenced as an operating parameter of the primary circuit 1 with a throttle valve 3.
  • the media temperature on the outlet side of the heat transfer 8 is again observed as the media parameter.
  • the invention also provides that the opening cross-section of the throttle valve 3 as an operating parameter of the primary circuit 1 is changed with the valve adjusting device 2.
  • the setting of the opening cross-section of the throttle valve 3 takes place in fact as a function of a secondary detected power requirement, preferably independently of the speed manipulated variable / actual speed.
  • the power requirement can be determined, for example, from the current secondary-side volume flow, the current secondary-side medium temperature upstream of the heat exchanger 8 and the setpoint temperature after the heat exchanger 8. It does not therefore take place as in the Figure 1 a comparison of the actual speed with the speed limit value.
  • a check is carried out to determine whether a lower power requirement limit value has been exceeded or reached, and if the lower limit is found, the counteracting change in the operating parameter, here the increase in hydraulic resistance, is triggered.
  • the invention can provide that e.g. in the valve adjusting device 2 the throttle valve positions are stored as a function of the power requirement, e.g. as a table or as a function, in particular on the basis of a design performance of the heat exchanger 8.
  • control system thus knows at which power requirement or at which multiple performance requirements in the regulation the lower speed limit value would be undershot or the minimum speed would and can be reached counteract this by, in particular, repeated reduction in the cross section of the throttle valve 3.
  • a throttle valve is used to change the operating parameter, here the hydraulic resistance, in particular in the embodiments of FIG Figures 1 and 2 it can be provided that the throttle valve is operated with a valve authority less than 0.3, preferably less than 0.2, more preferably less than 0.1.
  • the throttle valve is provided, in particular predominantly, to keep the pump in a pumpable speed range above the minimum speed or above the lower speed limit value and more preferably also to keep it below the upper limit value.
  • control unit 5a receives the setpoint value for the temperature of the secondary medium and a power demand value from the outside.
  • a manipulated variable for setting the pump speed is only communicated within the pump.
  • the execution of the Figure 3 also relates to a heat transfer in the heat exchanger 8 between a heat transfer medium in the primary circuit 1 and a medium on the secondary side, for example air.
  • a first control loop is formed with the controller 4.
  • the speed controller 4 specifies the speed or a variable on which the speed depends on the pump 5 as a manipulated variable.
  • a target / actual deviation in controller 4 - as with the Figure 2 -
  • the temperature difference between the media outlet temperature behind the heat exchanger 8 and a target temperature is used.
  • the invention can provide that the temperature of the primary-side heat transfer medium is adapted, in particular reduced, as a counteracting change in an operating parameter.
  • Figure 3 One way of realizing this is shown by Figure 3 .
  • a mixing valve 9 is arranged in the primary circuit 1, with which the admixing of a heat transfer medium from a mixer circuit 10 to the heat transfer medium of the primary circuit 1 can be changed as a function of a manipulated variable, in particular the admixing can be changed as a counteracting change, e.g. can be reduced.
  • the direction of change is predetermined, i.e. predetermined whether the admixture is reduced or increased to achieve the counteracting change got to.
  • the controller reduces the speed of the pump as part of the temperature control in order to take account of a falling heat demand, a reduction in the pump speed to a lower speed limit value or the minimum speed can be counteracted by lowering the temperature in the primary circuit 1.
  • either the admixture of a heat transfer medium from the mixer circuit 10 to the medium in the primary circuit 1 can be reduced, in particular if the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the mixer circuit 10 is higher than the current temperature of the medium in the primary circuit 1, or the admixture can be increased, in particular if the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the mixer circuit 10 is higher than the current temperature of the medium in the primary circuit 1. Both cases lead to a lowering of the temperature in the primary circuit, which counteracts the lowering of the speed.
  • a comparison could also be made between the actual speed of the pump 5 and a lower speed limit value in order to trigger a counteraction, e.g. to change the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the primary circuit by changing the admixture in the mixer valve 9 when the speed limit is reached, in particular e.g. in a heating application and thus to change the temperature or the energy content in the primary circuit, which reduces the heat transfer.
  • a counteraction e.g. to change the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the primary circuit by changing the admixture in the mixer valve 9 when the speed limit is reached, in particular e.g. in a heating application and thus to change the temperature or the energy content in the primary circuit, which reduces the heat transfer.
  • the target temperature of the primary-side temperature control 11 can preferably be specified with the heating curve 12 as a function of the secondary-side power requirement, in particular, whereby - as visualized here - the power requirement is determined from the current secondary-side volume flow, the current secondary-side medium temperature upstream of the heat exchanger and the target temperature after the heat exchanger 8.
  • the control system therefore actually knows via the heating curve at which power requirement or at which multiple performance requirements in the regulation a lower speed limit would be undershot or the minimum speed would be reached and can counteract this by changing the temperature setpoint in the primary circuit, in particular by simply or repeatedly changing the proportioning ratio is implemented at the mixing valve 9.
  • at least one limit value of the power requirement from which the change occurs is stored in the heating curve.
  • control unit 5a actually receives the secondary power requirement from the outside via the values of the secondary volume flow and the temperature difference across the heat exchanger 8, as well as the setpoint of the temperature on the secondary side.
  • the control unit 5a in the pump 5 uses a determined rotational speed manipulated variable internally and communicates a further manipulated variable for the mixer valve 9 to the outside.
  • the invention can generally provide, from a heating curve with the, according to an upstream calibration, the dependence of the heat exchanger power on the speed of the primary circuit pump, in particular also on the temperature of the secondary-side medium upstream of the heat exchanger and / or the volume flow of the Secondary-side medium is described as a function to form the inverse function 13 and to connect this inverse function 13 for linearization after the controller 4, with which the speed control variable of the primary circuit pump 5 is determined.
  • the Figure 4 shows this design for the variant of the previously described Figure 3 and the Figure 5 shows this for the variant of the previously described Figure 2 , especially where the heating curve itself is not used.
  • Both Figures 4 and 5 is the management of the parameters required for regulation such as the Figures 2 and 3 described, whereby the speed manipulated variable is guided via the inverse and processed inside the pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
EP20170810.4A 2019-06-27 2020-04-22 Système et procédé de régulation d'un paramètre du milieu sur le côté secondaire d'un échangeur de chaleur Pending EP3757465A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102019117383.3A DE102019117383A1 (de) 2019-06-27 2019-06-27 System und Verfahren zur Regelung eines Medienparameters des Mediums auf der Sekundärseite eines Wärmeübertragers

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EP3757465A1 true EP3757465A1 (fr) 2020-12-30

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999001665A1 (fr) * 1997-07-03 1999-01-14 Servo Magnetics, Incorporated Pompe de regulation integree
EP1752852A2 (fr) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-14 Wilo Ag Procédé destiné au réglage de la température du support d'un système de chauffage et/ou de refroidissement
US20100247352A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-09-30 Grundfos Pumps Corporation Power connectors for pump assemblies
EP2573403A1 (fr) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-27 Grundfos Holding A/S Pompe
DE102012018627A1 (de) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Ullrich Taut Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Luftkühlers in einer lüftungstechnischen Anlage
EP2871420A1 (fr) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-13 Grundfos Holding A/S Module de pompe de circulation pour un système de chauffage et/ou de refroidissement
EP3139103A1 (fr) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede de preparation de boissons chaudes, systeme et dispositif de production de chaleur correspondants

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE412148T1 (de) * 2005-03-29 2008-11-15 Moeritz Martin Dr Ing Vorrichtung und verfahren zur befeuchtung eines luftstromes

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999001665A1 (fr) * 1997-07-03 1999-01-14 Servo Magnetics, Incorporated Pompe de regulation integree
EP1752852A2 (fr) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-14 Wilo Ag Procédé destiné au réglage de la température du support d'un système de chauffage et/ou de refroidissement
US20100247352A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-09-30 Grundfos Pumps Corporation Power connectors for pump assemblies
EP2573403A1 (fr) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-27 Grundfos Holding A/S Pompe
DE102012018627A1 (de) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Ullrich Taut Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Luftkühlers in einer lüftungstechnischen Anlage
EP2871420A1 (fr) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-13 Grundfos Holding A/S Module de pompe de circulation pour un système de chauffage et/ou de refroidissement
EP3139103A1 (fr) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede de preparation de boissons chaudes, systeme et dispositif de production de chaleur correspondants

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