EP3752472A1 - Composition for a sports surface, in particular for an equestrian sport, and method for producing such a composition - Google Patents

Composition for a sports surface, in particular for an equestrian sport, and method for producing such a composition

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Publication number
EP3752472A1
EP3752472A1 EP19711644.5A EP19711644A EP3752472A1 EP 3752472 A1 EP3752472 A1 EP 3752472A1 EP 19711644 A EP19711644 A EP 19711644A EP 3752472 A1 EP3752472 A1 EP 3752472A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
polymer
equal
sand
meth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP19711644.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Belliard
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Coformex
Original Assignee
Coformex
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3752472A1 publication Critical patent/EP3752472A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • C09K17/42Inorganic compounds mixed with organic active ingredients, e.g. accelerators
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06Quartz; Sand
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B16/00Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/04Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B16/06Macromolecular compounds fibrous
    • C04B16/0616Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B16/00Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/04Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B16/06Macromolecular compounds fibrous
    • C04B16/0616Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B16/0625Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
    • C04B16/0633Polypropylene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/022Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by an organic binder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/20Waste materials; Refuse organic from macromolecular compounds
    • C04B18/22Rubber, e.g. ground waste tires
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0076Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
    • C04B20/008Micro- or nanosized fillers, e.g. micronised fillers with particle size smaller than that of the hydraulic binder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/04Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/06Acrylates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/04Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/08Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing halogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/14Polyepoxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/16Polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/18Polyesters; Polycarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/30Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds
    • C04B26/32Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds containing silicon
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/06Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
    • E01C13/065Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003 at least one in situ layer consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63KRACING; RIDING SPORTS; EQUIPMENT OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • A63K1/00Race-courses; Race-tracks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0045Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
    • C04B2103/0065Polymers characterised by their glass transition temperature (Tg)
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0075Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/10Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
    • C04B2111/1006Absence of well-defined organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/50Flexible or elastic materials
    • C04B2111/503Elastic materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/60Flooring materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of sports surfaces, in particular for the running of animals, in particular for the practice of equestrian sport, as well as the method of manufacture and / or renovation of such surfaces.
  • Equestrian sport is a widespread activity worldwide, and requires surfaces that meet increasing performance requirements, adapting to different equine disciplines (eg dressage, show jumping, all-around competition). riding, driving, endurance, aerobatics, para-equestrian training, galloping races, trotting races, .
  • equine disciplines eg dressage, show jumping, all-around competition.
  • WO 2009/055623 A1 thus relates to an equestrian surface prepared by mixing a sand, previously dried and heated to a temperature between 120 ° C and 160 ° C, with a polymer and optionally an oil to provide the mobility necessary for mixing to avoid blocking horses' hooves during impacts, then fillers, such as chopped fibers, are then mixed with sand and oil. The mixture is then cooled while being kept in motion in order to maintain its overall consistency granular. In this process, the polymer is mixed in the solid state with the sand, and melts by contact with the heated sand.
  • WO 2015/077376 A1 describes the manufacture of an equestrian surface consisting of heating the sand to a temperature above the softening temperature of the organic coating to be applied, then to applying this coating which melts by contact with the hot sand grains .
  • the organic coating comprises a polyalphaolefin polymer (APAO), which is always in a mixture with a wax or an oil, and a coupling agent comprising a silane to improve the adhesion of the coating to the sand grains and thus the resistance abrasion of it.
  • the mass proportion of oil or wax is equal to or substantially greater than that in APAO.
  • the APAO represents less than 50% by weight of the organic coating, the remainder being formed of a mineral oil and silane.
  • FR 2,707,298 A1 relates to an equestrian surface comprising sand and for coating: a synthetic resin combined with an oil.
  • the synthetic resin is selected so as to respect a determined contact angle so that the surface has a good draining behavior, and avoid the accumulation of rainwater.
  • the mass proportion of oil is significantly higher than that of the synthetic resin.
  • the wax or oil has a bad behavior when the surface is subjected to important temperature variations (surface too sticky or too hard), and tends to migrate outside the coating and stagnate on the bottom of the track . The coating then loses its initial properties.
  • FR 2,470,782 A1 relates to a composition for a hard floor as resistant to compression and cracking comprising sand and an organic coating whose mass proportion is very important. This surface is not suitable for equestrian sport because the grains of sand are not mobile.
  • WO 99/19567 relates to an equestrian sport surface prepared in advance by projecting a wax in the molten state (about 120 ° C) on the particulate material to be coated in motion.
  • waxes have the disadvantage that they harden at low temperatures from 10-15 ° C and soften at 30 ° C to liquefy at temperatures of the order of 70-80 ° C thus generating hard or sticky surfaces, losing their cohesion and resulting in higher projections and more numerous during galloping horses.
  • the partial melting of these oils and waxes generate risks of exudation of products that are harmful to the environment.
  • US 9.012.557 B1 relates to an equestrian sports surface obtained by mixing sand and fillers with a liquid crosslinkable silicone resin.
  • the silicone polymer formed being crosslinked has the advantage of being less sensitive to temperature variations.
  • the preparation of the surface remains complex because it is appropriate for the operator to perfectly control the quantities of PDMS, crosslinking agent and catalyst, which can be tricky when renovating a surface when the application is performed on site.
  • silicone polymers are expensive.
  • the subject of the present invention is thus a composition for the preparation of a sports surface, in particular for animals, in particular for horses, improved in terms of mobility, flexibility, reduction of dust generated, resistant to temperature variations , not generating, or at least limiting the use of products harmful to the environment.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a composition, easy to implement and easily reproducible, requiring limited equipment for factory production perfectly mastered.
  • sports surface includes any surface that allows the practice of a sport, in particular adapted for animals, in particular for the practice of an equestrian sport.
  • the subject of the present invention is, according to a first aspect, a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, advantageously comprising:
  • an organic coating comprising at least one flexible polymer A having a tensile modulus less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature, preferably less than or equal to 0.70 MPa, more preferably less than or equal to 0.50 MPa, in particular less than or equal to 0.40 MPa, said composition not comprising waxes and oils.
  • a flexible polymer A coating at least partially the grains of sand, and optionally the other solid compound (s) present in the composition, such that the or the load (s), makes it possible to confer on the surface comprising said composition the cushioning, rebound and comfort properties for the hooves of horses.
  • the grains of sand have a good cohesion between them thus limiting the generation of dust.
  • the composition comprises an organic coating, and in a quantity that allows it to maintain mobility between the grains of sand.
  • the dYoung modulus that is to say the constant connecting the tensile stress (MPa) and the beginning of the deformation (%) of the polymer A, in particular a isotropic elastic material.
  • the tensile modulus (E) corresponds to the slope of the curve representing the stress (in ordinate) with respect to the deformation (in abscissa) at the beginning of the elongation.
  • the modulus in tension can be measured using the standard NF ISO 527 parts 1 and 3, dating from 1995, titled "Determination of tensile properties - Test conditions for films and sheets".
  • the measurements are made in a room having a temperature of the order of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, more preferably the pulling speed is 500 mm / minute.
  • the tensile modulus is a significant parameter of polymer A with respect to flexibility combined with its impact resistance behavior in comparison with the consideration of its elongation at break only (%)
  • the mass proportion in said polymer A in the organic coating is greater than or equal to 50%, more preferably greater than or equal to 75%, preferably greater than or equal to 90%.
  • the mass proportion of water in the composition and / or in the organic coating is less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%, preferably less than 3% (for example, ISO 3251: 2008).
  • the mass proportions in the composition are defined in terms of the dry mass of a given compound relative to the total dry mass of said composition (once the water has evaporated).
  • the weight average molecular weight Mw of polymer A is greater than or equal to 10,000 g / mol, more preferably greater than or equal to 100,000 g / mol, in particular less than or equal to 800,000 g / mol, more particularly lower than or equal to 500 000 g / mol, especially less than or equal to 300 000 g / mol.
  • the average molecular weight Mw can be measured using standard NF T51-505 dated May 2011 entitled "Plastics - thermosetting resins - Analysis by size exclusion chromatography (G.P.C)", in particular in polystyrene equivalent.
  • the sand is siliceous sand.
  • the mass average particle size distribution D50 is less than or equal to 800 ⁇ m, more preferably less than or equal to 500 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 400 ⁇ m, in particular less than or equal to 300 ⁇ m, more particularly less than or equal to at 250 pm.
  • the mass average particle size distribution D 50 is greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably greater than or equal to
  • the mean particle size distribution by mass can be measured with the standard NF 11 507 dating from December 1970 or with the standard NF ISO 2591-1 dating from September 1989 and entitled "Sieving control- Operating methods using control sieves". metal fabrics and calibrated perforated metal sheets ".
  • the sand comprises a mass proportion of fines, that is to say particles whose size is less than 63 ⁇ m, less than or equal to 5%, more preferably less than or equal to 1%.
  • This arrangement eliminates the generation of dust since the smallest particles and therefore the most volatile are removed.
  • the mass proportion of sand in the composition is greater than or equal to 60%, more preferably greater than or equal to 65%.
  • the mass proportion of sand in the composition is less than or equal to 90%, possibly less than or equal to 80% or 70%.
  • the mass proportion of sand in the composition is greater than or equal to 80%, in particular greater than or equal to 90%, more particularly greater than or equal to 95%.
  • the sand according to the invention can be washed or not or be a mixture of washed sand and unwashed sand, in particular according to their origins.
  • the washed sand reduces the amount of polymeric binder A.
  • the composition may comprise one or more different fillers.
  • the charge or fillers are chosen from fibers and / or granules in one or more natural and / or synthetic material (s), and preferably recycled.
  • the material or materials (x) is / are chosen from the list consisting of: polypropylene, polyethylene, a chlorinated polymer (for example polyvinyl chloride or butylene), polyurethane, polyamides (PA 6-6 or PA6) for example), polyesters (eg PET (polyethylene terephthalate)), rubber, or a mixture thereof.
  • the proportion by weight of filler (s) in the composition is greater than or equal to 5%, possibly greater than or equal to 10% or 20% or even 25%.
  • the mass proportion in filler (s) in the composition is less than or equal to 40%, more preferably less than or equal to 35%, preferably less than or equal to 30%, optionally less than or equal to 15%.
  • the granule or granules preferably have a size greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 5 mm, and preferably greater than or equal to 3 mm.
  • the fibers preferably have a size greater than or equal to 10 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 20 mm, preferably less than or equal to 80 mm, in particular less than or equal to 60 mm, more particularly less than or equal to 50 mm.
  • the fibers contribute to improving the cohesion of the composition, i.e between the grains of sand, and the reduction of projections during impacts on the sports surface.
  • the composition comprises fillers chosen from fibers, and is free of granules, in particular in at least one hydrophobic polymeric material, such as a chlorinated polymer, for example PVC.
  • a hydrophobic polymeric material such as a chlorinated polymer, for example PVC.
  • composition is sought in particular for sports surfaces indoors.
  • the composition comprises fillers chosen from fibers and granules, in particular granules in at least one hydrophobic polymeric material, in particular a chlorinated polymer, for example PVC.
  • composition is sought in particular for outdoor sports surfaces, for which the hydrophobicity of the granules improves the draining capacity of the composition.
  • the temperature of the conditions of use of the composition according to the invention in particular greater than or equal to -5 ° C. and less than or equal to 40 ° C., more particularly greater than or equal to 10 ° C and less than or equal to 30 ° C.
  • This ambient temperature is different from the ambient measurement temperature for the evaluation of the mechanical properties (tensile modulus, elongation at break, etc.) of between 20 ° C and 25 ° C.
  • the composition retains its mobility without blocking the hooves of horses during impacts despite the absence of waxes or oils.
  • the polymer A provides sufficient flexibility and impact resistance thus avoiding the addition of waxes and / or oils.
  • Waxes and oils, in particular mineral have the disadvantage that they harden at temperatures of less than or equal to 10 ° C and liquefy or melt at temperatures of 40 ° C or higher, thus generating mixtures which harden or otherwise stick the hoofs of horses no longer ensuring in both cases cushioning, rebound and mobility sought.
  • waxes and oils migrate and settle on the bottom of the track. They do not remain in the coating arranged on the grains of sand, which no longer fully ensures its initial properties.
  • oil and / or wax is understood any oil and / or wax of animal and / or vegetable and / or mineral and / or synthetic origin or a mixture of these, preferably mineral (s).
  • the composition does not comprise mineral waxes and / or mineral oils.
  • oil any saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, or an oil, or any compound obtained by the use of at least 85%, in particular at least 90%, more particularly at least 95% , by weight unsaturated or saturated fatty acid (s) or oil (s).
  • a wax is understood to mean any ester of long chain (in particular at least 16 carbon) and also long chain (in particular 16 or more) carbons, optionally mixed with paraffin.
  • the polymer A has a glass transition temperature of less than or equal to 10 ° C, preferably less than or equal to 0 ° C, more preferably less than or equal to -5 ° C, preferentially less than or equal to -8 ° C C.
  • the polymer A has a glass transition temperature Tg greater than or equal to -60 ° C., more preferably greater than or equal to -40 ° C.
  • the polymer A thus advantageously has great flexibility at ambient temperature and therefore under the conditions of use of the composition, thus imparting cushioning and rebound and improving the comfort of the animals.
  • the polymer A retains its flexibility and does not stiffen
  • the glass transition temperature is preferably measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC- according to the ISO 11357-2 standard dating from 2013 with a temperature ramp of 10 ° C / min).
  • the polymer A has an elongation at break greater than or equal to 300%, preferably greater than or equal to 500%, more preferably greater than or equal to 700%, preferably greater than or equal to 1000%.
  • the elongation at break (%) can be determined using the aforementioned standard NF ISO 527-1 and 3 of 1995.
  • This arrangement contributes to the flexibility of the polymer A.
  • the polymer A, and optionally the organic coating has a degradation temperature greater than or equal to 180 ° C.
  • the polymer A does not melt, and does not liquefy, at temperatures greater than or equal to 40 ° C so that the composition does not stick to the hooves of horses for example, and does not generate possibly harmful products by exudation .
  • the polymer A has an amorphous structure so that it does not have a melting or softening temperature but a decomposition or degradation temperature, that is to say a temperature from which its mechanical properties are irreversibly degraded.
  • the particles of the composition retain their cohesion thus avoiding the generation of dust and projections in height during galloping horses.
  • the polymer A and / or the organic coating has no melting temperature but only a decomposition temperature.
  • the polymer A comprises repeating units resulting from the polymerization of at least one monomer comprising (meth) acrylate and / or (meth) acrylic functional groups.
  • the polymer A is chosen from the list consisting of: a (meth) acrylic acid (co) polymer, a (meth) acrylic acid (co) polymer and a repeating unit comprising one or more several aromatic ring (s), including styrene; an (meth) acrylate (co) polymer; such as butyl (meth) acrylate polymer or 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate polymer; a copolymer of alkyl (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylic acid; a styrene-alkyl (meth) acrylic-meth (meth) acrylate copolymer, a copolymer of acrylic acid and styrene, a (co) polymer of (meth) acrylate and fatty alcohol, a (co) polymer of (meth) acrylate and polyterpene derivatives, or a mixture thereof.
  • alkyl means any alkyl chain, linear and / or branched, unsaturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, comprising from one to fifteen carbon atoms, preferably from one to ten carbon atoms, more preferably from one to six carbon atoms, for example a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tertiary group, butyl, a 2-ethylhexyl group, or a mixture of these.
  • any carbon chain (preferably the number of carbon is even) supporting at least one alcohol function, which may include a number of carbon atoms up to 30 atoms, preferably it is the primary alcohols, for example lauryl, stearyl.
  • the number of carbon atoms is
  • Said alkyl chain has the function of providing flexibility to the polymer A.
  • the composition comprises at least one polymer B chosen from the list consisting of: polyisoprene, polyurethane, polysiloxane, polyacrylics, epoxyacrylates, poly-epoxies, polyesters, fluorinated polyacrylates, or a mixture of these latter.
  • the mass fraction of polymer B in said organic coating is less than or equal to 25%, preferably greater than or equal to 5%, more preferably greater than or equal to 10%.
  • D50 of the sand is greater than or equal to 63 ⁇ m.
  • said at least one filler is chosen from the list consisting of: synthetic fibers, plastic granules or rubber.
  • the composition in particular said at least one filler, does not comprise elastic fibers, for example elastane fibers.
  • the elastic fibers have by definition an elongation greater than 100% rupture, especially greater than 300%.
  • the subject of the present invention is, according to a second aspect, a method of manufacturing a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, in particular according to any one of the variant embodiments defined according to a first aspect of the invention, advantageously comprising:
  • composition for the manufacture of a sports surface comprising at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
  • the aqueous emulsion is preferably applied at room temperature to the mixture of step a), in particular not previously heated, in order to coat the sand particles, and possibly the fillers.
  • This arrangement facilitates the application of the polymer A whether for the preparation of the composition at a place of manufacture distinct from the place of the sports surface, or for the preparation of the composition at the place of the sports surface (in renovation or renovation). total replacement).
  • the water present in the emulsion also promotes the coating of the particles of the mixture and therefore the deposition of an organic coating.
  • the mixing can be done by projecting, for example by spraying, the aqueous emulsion on the sand, then mixing the assembly with the aid of a suitable tool, for example a ribbon mixer at the factory or for example a Galopp Master classically used for the maintenance of tracks in case of renovation of old surfaces.
  • a suitable tool for example a ribbon mixer at the factory or for example a Galopp Master classically used for the maintenance of tracks in case of renovation of old surfaces.
  • the aqueous emulsion has a pH greater than or equal to 6, more preferably greater than or equal to 7 (in particular measured using the ISO 976 standard from March 2014 "Rubber and plastics - Polymer dispersions and rubber latex - Determination of pH ").
  • the aqueous emulsion has a viscosity greater than or equal to 100 mPa.s, more preferably greater than or equal to 400 mPa.s, in particular less than or equal to 5000 mPa.s, more particularly less than or equal to 3000 mPa.s.
  • the viscosity is preferably measured at 23 ° C., using a Brookfiled RVT viscometer, 20 revolutions / min according to the NF EN ISO 2555 standard dating from September 1999. "Plastics - Resins in the liquid state or in emulsions or dispersions - Determination apparent viscosity according to the Brookfield method).
  • the dry mass fraction of the aqueous emulsion according to the invention is greater than or equal to 20%, more preferably greater than or equal to 40%, in particular greater than or equal to 50%.
  • the dry mass fraction of the aqueous emulsion according to the invention is less than or equal to 80%, preferably less than or equal to 70%.
  • the dry mass fraction of the aqueous emulsion comprising at least polymer A is preferably determined at 105 ° C. and according to the ISO 3251 standard of 2008 "Paints, varnishes and plastics - Determination of dry matter".
  • the average particle size of the polymer A is greater than or equal to 100 nm, more preferably greater than or equal to 200 nm, in particular less than or equal to 800 nm, more particularly less than or equal to 500 nm.
  • the average particle size can be measured using the ISO 13321 standard from 1996 "Particle size analysis - photon correlation spectroscopy".
  • an organic polymer-based coating is formed on all or part of the surface of the sand grains, and optionally fillers.
  • the evaporation of the water can be obtained by any technique known to those skilled in the art, and in particular by heating said composition, for example, at a temperature greater than or equal to 80 ° C., in particular less than or equal to 200 ° C., during at least 5 minutes or allowing the water to evaporate at room temperature for several hours.
  • the water evaporation step b) comprises the passage of the mixture of step a) on a fluidized bed drying device.
  • the mixture is thus subjected to a flow of air and is heated at the same time.
  • the heating temperature is preferably greater than or equal to 70 ° C and less than or equal to 120 ° C, in particular 100 ° C.
  • This drying technique advantageously makes it possible to form a coating coating at least partially each grain of sand, without binding the compact block assembly. Indeed, without this drying technique, a compact block is formed, more or less flexible, subsequently requiring to be decompressed to obtain the final composition which must have good mobility of sand grains between them, while having some cohesion.
  • the aqueous emulsion is mixed directly with the sand premixed with the fillers.
  • the aqueous emulsion is mixed with sand and fillers present on the track to be renovated.
  • the aqueous emulsion may comprise one or more wetting agent (s) (for example block copolymers with polar group (s)) and / or one or more UV stabilizers (especially from the family).
  • wetting agent for example block copolymers with polar group (s)
  • UV stabilizers especially from the family.
  • benzotriazoles or other stabilizers conventionally used for coatings in order to improve aging resistance and / or one or more biocidal additive (s) to reduce the development of microorganisms and / or additive (s) (s) to adjust the hydrophobicity of the organic coating and / or dye (s).
  • the mixture of the aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A with sand, and optionally at least one filler is carried out at room temperature.
  • the subject of the present invention is, according to a third aspect, a method of renovating a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, comprising a composition to be renovated, said method advantageously comprising the provision of a composition according to any one of embodiments defined with reference to the first aspect of the invention, or obtained according to any of the alternative embodiments defined with reference to the second aspect of the invention, as the main composition, and then the mixture of said composition to renovate with said main composition.
  • the main composition represents at least 30% by weight of the total mass of the composition to be renovated, more preferably at least 50% by weight, especially at least 70% by weight.
  • the subject of the present invention is, according to a fourth aspect, a method of renovating a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, comprising a composition to be renovated comprising at least 50% by weight of sand, and possibly at least one load. , said method comprising: providing an aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature;
  • compositions to be reformed with said aqueous emulsion in particular so as to form a composition comprising at most 10% by weight of said aqueous emulsion; evaporating the water of said composition;
  • compositions for the manufacture of a sports surface comprising at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
  • the mixture of the aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A with sand, and optionally at least one charge is carried out at room temperature.
  • the subject of the present invention is, according to a fifth aspect, a sports surface, in particular an equestrian sport surface, advantageously comprising a composition according to any one of the variant embodiments defined with reference to a first aspect of the invention, or obtained according to any of the alternative embodiments defined with reference to a second and / or third and / or fourth aspect (s) of the invention.
  • the subject of the present invention is, according to a sixth aspect, the use of an aqueous emulsion comprising at least one polymer A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature, in order to prepare a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, especially equestrian sports, comprising at least 50% by weight of sand; possibly at least one load; at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
  • composition advantageously incorporating any of the embodiments defined with reference to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the composition comprises 67.45% by weight of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 ⁇ m) and has a mean particle size distribution in mass D 50 of the order of 198 ⁇ m.
  • the composition further comprises about 1.75% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths of between 20 mm and 40 mm, as well as about 27.90% by weight of PVC granules of the order from 3 mm to 5 mm.
  • the composition comprises 2.90% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%.
  • Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, whose Tg is of the order of -28 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 0.2 MPa.
  • the aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190).
  • the elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%.
  • the sand at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) is first mixed with the PVC fibers and granules, then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20 ° C.). -25 ° C), is mixed with sand and pre-mixed feeds. The mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates. The mixture obtained is then spun again to destructure agglomerates that may form at room temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C) so as to form the final composition.
  • the composition comprises 68.31% by weight of siliceous sand whose size of sand grains is between 63 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m.
  • the sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 ⁇ m) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 ⁇ m.
  • the composition further comprises about 1.82% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths of between 20 mm and 40 mm, as well as about 27.32% by weight of PVC granules of the order from 3 mm to 5 mm.
  • the composition comprises 2.55% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%.
  • Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, whose Tg is of the order of -28 ° C. and the tensile modulus or dyoung E is of the order of 0.2 MPa.
  • the aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190).
  • the elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%.
  • the sand at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) is first mixed with the PVC fibers and granules, then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20 ° C.). -25 ° C), is mixed with sand and pre-mixed feeds. The mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates. The mixture obtained is then re-shredded to destructurize the agglomerates that may form at room temperature (on the order of 20-25 ° C.) so as to form the final composition with the desired granular appearance.
  • the composition comprises 87.49% by weight of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m.
  • the sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 ⁇ m) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 ⁇ m.
  • the composition further comprises about 2.19% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths of between 20 mm and 40 mm, and about 7.87% by weight of recycled and milled rubber granules. the order of 3 mm to 5 mm.
  • the composition comprises 2.45% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%.
  • Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, whose Tg is of the order of -28 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 0.2 MPa.
  • the aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190).
  • the elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%.
  • the sand at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.), is first mixed with the fibers and the granules, then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C), is mixed with the sand and pre-mixed charges.
  • the mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates.
  • the mixture obtained is then re-shredded to destructurize the agglomerates that may form at room temperature (on the order of 20-25 ° C.) so as to form the final composition with the desired granular appearance.
  • the composition comprises 96.44% by weight of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m.
  • the sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 ⁇ m) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 ⁇ m.
  • the composition further comprises about 1.92% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths between 20 mm and 40 mm (without PVC granules).
  • the composition comprises 1.64% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%.
  • Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene and acrylic acid, whose Tg is of the order of -8 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 0.4 MPa.
  • the aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190).
  • the elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%.
  • the sand at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) is first mixed with the fibers and then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.), is mixed with the sand and the premixed fibers.
  • the mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates.
  • the mixture obtained is then re-shredded to destructurize the agglomerates that may form at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) so as to form the final composition with the desired granular appearance.
  • Example 4 The composition of Example 4 is intended for sports surfaces requiring less deformability.
  • the energy return (rebound), soil depressing (cohesion) and cushioning properties of the final composition according to Example 1 were evaluated in comparison with a control composition 1 comprising sand (approximately 85%). in mass of the total mass of the final composition), a wax with 20% mineral oil (about 5% by weight of the total mass of the final composition), fibers of lengths between 20 and 40 mm, and PVC granules (about 10% by weight of the total mass of the final composition).
  • Instrumented shock tests with an energy of 117 joules (to measure the deceleration on the ground of a mass in free fall, by accelerometric sensors, to determine the speed and the movement of the mass, before and after impact, successive integrations of the deceleration), performed under conditions simulating the impact of the horses were performed on a sports surface comprising the various compositions according to the invention and a control composition, the latter having a thickness of 13 cm, and comprising a first layer of thickness of 4 cm strongly compacted with a lady of 1500 g and a second layer thickness of 6 cm compacted less strongly than the first layer and a third top coat of about 3 cm slightly scratched to obtain the swelling surface.
  • Control composition 2 comprises sand (about 67.51% by weight of the total mass of the final composition), a wax with 20% mineral oil (about 3.69% by weight of the total mass of the final composition ), fibers of lengths between 20 and 40 mm (1.80% by weight of the total mass of the final composition), and PVC granules (about 27% by weight of the total mass of the final composition).
  • the "Clegg Hammer Test” is a device comprising a mass of
  • This device includes an accelerometer for recording the deceleration suffered at the moment of impact. This deceleration is expressed in value Gm, which increases with the hardness of the material.
  • the composition according to Example 1 provides a better energy return than the control composition.
  • the composition according to Example 1 is less sensitive to variations in temperature for the driving of the soil than the control composition, the amplitude of deformation between 9 ° C and 40 ° C is also lower (less than 10 mm variation for the composition according to Example 1 against almost 20 mm for the control composition).
  • the composition according to Example 1 provides a cushion of the same order as that offered by the control composition and this homogeneously from 9 ° C to 40 ° C.
  • the composition according to Example 1 offers a better elasticity.
  • the sports surface comprising such a composition finds its place more easily after impact impact.
  • the energy return is greater than the values obtained for the control composition.
  • the set of properties reflects a lower sensitivity of the composition of Example 1 to temperature with a lower deformation bringing a contact for the horse less stressful and more constant.
  • the permeability to water measured over a height of 10 cm of composition of Example 1 after compacting with a load of 1.5 MPa is 0.17 mm / sec or 612 mm of water per hour (value measured by monitoring the time required for the migration, within a graduated cylinder, of a water depth of 30 mm). This permeability value allows the composition of Example 1 to avoid surface water retention thus ensuring a good draining effect.
  • a composition comprising 100 parts of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m.
  • the sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 ⁇ m) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 ⁇ m.
  • the composition further comprises about 1.8 parts of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths between 20 mm and 40 mm (without PVC granules).
  • the composition comprises 2.5 parts of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 50%.
  • the polymer is a copolymer of styrene and acrylic acid, whose Tg is of the order of 4 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 3.2 MPa (at 23 ° C).
  • the aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (by mass total of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (eg Disperbyk P190).
  • compositions are identical to the composition of Comparative Example 5 except that for Example 6, polymer A is that of Example 1, and for Example 7, polymer A is that of Example 4.
  • polymer A is that of Example 4.
  • compositions of Examples 6 and 7 give elastic surfaces with good mobility, with a bond between the sand and the satisfactory fibers allowing the soil not to leak under the impact of the hooves.
  • the composition of Comparative Example 5 shows a strong separation between the sand and the fillers, making the surface unsuitable for its use because it is much more elusive under the impact of the hooves.
  • the cohesion between the sand, and the loads is too weak. In the internal cohesion test, it is observed that the compacted ball is broken apart without cohesion between the sand and the charges.
  • Instrumented impact tests were performed for equestrian surfaces comprising the compositions of Examples 6 and 7. These tests involve the fall of a mass of 33 kg and developing an energy of 272 kJ at an angle of 12 ° to vertically to the surface tested. These tests simulate the impact of horse hooves on the surface. The results are reported in Table 5, and are in line with the recommendations of the sports federations.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for producing a sports surface, in particular for an equestrian sport, advantageously comprising at least 50% by weight of sand, optionally at least one filler, and at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least one flexible polymer A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at ambient temperature, and also to a method for producing such a composition.

Description

COMPOSITION POUR SURFACE SPORTIVE, NOTAMMENT DE SPORT EQUESTRE, ET PROCEDE DE FABRICATION D'UNE TELLE COMPOSITION  COMPOSITION FOR SPORTS SURFACE, IN PARTICULAR EQUESTRIAN SPORTS, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH COMPOSITION
Arrière-plan de l'invention Background of the invention
La présente invention concerne le domaine technique des surfaces sportives, en particulier pour la course d'animaux, notamment pour la pratique du sport équestre, ainsi que le procédé de fabrication et/ou de rénovation de telles surfaces.  The present invention relates to the technical field of sports surfaces, in particular for the running of animals, in particular for the practice of equestrian sport, as well as the method of manufacture and / or renovation of such surfaces.
Le sport équestre est une activité répandue dans le monde entier, et requière des surfaces répondant à des exigences de performances croissantes, s'adaptant aux différentes disciplines équines (par exemples le dressage, le concours de saut d'obstacles, le concours complet d'équitation, l'attelage, l'endurance, la voltige, le dressage para-équestre, les courses de galop, les courses de trot,...).  Equestrian sport is a widespread activity worldwide, and requires surfaces that meet increasing performance requirements, adapting to different equine disciplines (eg dressage, show jumping, all-around competition). riding, driving, endurance, aerobatics, para-equestrian training, galloping races, trotting races, ...).
De nombreuses études ont été menées à l'aide de capteurs disposés sur les animaux pour étudier l'impact de la nature des surfaces sur l'organisme des chevaux (en particulier les contraintes subies lors des entraînements et des compétitions) et sur le comportement des chevaux en résultant. Ces études ont démontré que la nature et l'état de ces surfaces ont un impact sur le confort, et donc les performances et la santé (risque de blessures) des chevaux.  Numerous studies have been carried out using animal-based sensors to study the impact of the nature of surfaces on the horses' bodies (in particular the constraints encountered during training and competitions) and on the behavior of animals. resulting horses. These studies have shown that the nature and condition of these surfaces have an impact on the comfort, and therefore performance and health (risk of injury) of horses.
Il existe donc un besoin pour des surfaces permettant d'optimiser les performances sportives et d'améliorer le confort des animaux, en particulier des chevaux, tout en limitant les risques de blessures.  There is therefore a need for surfaces to optimize sports performance and improve the comfort of animals, especially horses, while limiting the risk of injury.
Il existe également une demande pour une surface présentant des propriétés amortissantes et de rebond, ne générant pas trop de poussière et qui ne soit pas trop abrasive pour les sabots. Ladite surface doit également maintenir ses propriétés sur une large gamme de températures, afin de résister aux températures hivernales comme estivales, et ce dans des pays tempérés ou non.  There is also a demand for a surface having damping and rebounding properties, not generating too much dust and which is not too abrasive for hooves. The surface must also maintain its properties over a wide range of temperatures, in order to withstand winter and summer temperatures, in temperate and non-temperate countries.
WO 2009/055623 Al a ainsi pour objet une surface équestre préparée par mélange d'un sable, préalablement séché et chauffé à une température comprise entre 120°C et 160°C, avec un polymère et éventuellement une huile pour apporter la mobilité nécessaire au mélange afin d'éviter de bloquer les sabots des chevaux lors des impacts, puis des charges, telles que des fibres coupées, sont ensuite mélangées au sable et à l'huile. Le mélange est ensuite refroidi tout en étant maintenu en mouvement afin de conserver sa consistance générale granulaire. Dans ce procédé, le polymère est mélangé à l'état solide avec le sable, et fond par contact avec le sable chauffé. WO 2009/055623 A1 thus relates to an equestrian surface prepared by mixing a sand, previously dried and heated to a temperature between 120 ° C and 160 ° C, with a polymer and optionally an oil to provide the mobility necessary for mixing to avoid blocking horses' hooves during impacts, then fillers, such as chopped fibers, are then mixed with sand and oil. The mixture is then cooled while being kept in motion in order to maintain its overall consistency granular. In this process, the polymer is mixed in the solid state with the sand, and melts by contact with the heated sand.
WO 2015/077376 Al décrit la fabrication d'une surface équestre consistant à chauffer le sable à une température au-dessus de la température de ramollissement du revêtement organique à appliquer, puis à appliquer ce revêtement qui fond par contact avec les grains de sable chauds. Le revêtement organique comprend un polymère de polyalphaoléfine (APAO), qui est toujours en mélange avec une cire ou une huile, et un agent de couplage comprenant un silane afin d'améliorer l'adhérence du revêtement sur les grains de sable et donc la résistance à l'abrasion de celui-ci. La proportion massique en huile ou en cire est égale ou nettement supérieure à celle en APAO. A l'exemple 1, l'APAO représente moins de 50% en masse du revêtement organique, le reste étant formé d'une huile minérale et du silane.  WO 2015/077376 A1 describes the manufacture of an equestrian surface consisting of heating the sand to a temperature above the softening temperature of the organic coating to be applied, then to applying this coating which melts by contact with the hot sand grains . The organic coating comprises a polyalphaolefin polymer (APAO), which is always in a mixture with a wax or an oil, and a coupling agent comprising a silane to improve the adhesion of the coating to the sand grains and thus the resistance abrasion of it. The mass proportion of oil or wax is equal to or substantially greater than that in APAO. In Example 1, the APAO represents less than 50% by weight of the organic coating, the remainder being formed of a mineral oil and silane.
Ces procédés imposent une application du revêtement à chaud, avec des polymères à l'état fondu ; ainsi que la nécessité de mélanger encore la surface pendant son refroidissement pour éviter la formation de blocs sablonneux amalgamés difficile à détruire. Ce procédé est difficile à mettre en œuvre et ne peut être effectué autrement que directement sur site.  These methods require application of the hot coating, with polymers in the molten state; as well as the need to further mix the surface during its cooling to avoid the formation of amalgamated sandy blocks difficult to destroy. This process is difficult to implement and can not be performed otherwise than directly on site.
De plus, ce procédé étant complexe à mettre en œuvre, la reproductibilité de la qualité des surfaces est soumise aux aléas des chantiers.  In addition, this process is complex to implement, the reproducibility of the quality of the surfaces is subject to the hazards of the sites.
FR 2.707.298 Al concerne une surface équestre comprenant du sable et pour revêtement : une résine synthétique combinée avec une huile. La résine synthétique est sélectionnée en sorte de respecter un angle de contact déterminé afin que la surface ait un bon comportement drainant, et éviter l'accumulation d'eau de pluie. La proportion massique en huile est nettement supérieure à celle de la résine synthétique.  FR 2,707,298 A1 relates to an equestrian surface comprising sand and for coating: a synthetic resin combined with an oil. The synthetic resin is selected so as to respect a determined contact angle so that the surface has a good draining behavior, and avoid the accumulation of rainwater. The mass proportion of oil is significantly higher than that of the synthetic resin.
De plus, la cire ou l'huile a un mauvais comportement lorsque la surface est soumise à des variations de température importantes (surface trop collante ou trop dur), et a tendance à migrer en dehors du revêtement et stagner sur le fond de la piste. Le revêtement perd alors ses propriétés initiales.  In addition, the wax or oil has a bad behavior when the surface is subjected to important temperature variations (surface too sticky or too hard), and tends to migrate outside the coating and stagnate on the bottom of the track . The coating then loses its initial properties.
FR 2.470.782 Al concerne une composition pour un sol dur puisque résistant à la compression et à la fissuration comprenant du sable et un revêtement organique dont la proportion massique est très importante. Cette surface n'est pas adaptée pour le sport équestre car les grains de sable ne sont pas mobiles. WO 99/19567 a pour objet une surface de sport équestre préparée en usine à l'avance en projetant une cire à l'état fondu (environ 120°C) sur le matériau particulaire à revêtir en mouvement. FR 2,470,782 A1 relates to a composition for a hard floor as resistant to compression and cracking comprising sand and an organic coating whose mass proportion is very important. This surface is not suitable for equestrian sport because the grains of sand are not mobile. WO 99/19567 relates to an equestrian sport surface prepared in advance by projecting a wax in the molten state (about 120 ° C) on the particulate material to be coated in motion.
Les cires ont cependant pour inconvénients qu'elles durcissent à basses températures dès 10-15°C et se ramollissent dès 30°C pour se liquéfier à des températures de l'ordre de 70-80°C engendrant ainsi des surfaces dures ou collantes, perdant leur cohésion et entraînant des projections plus hautes et plus nombreuses lors du galop des chevaux. De plus, la fusion partielle de ces huiles et cires génèrent des risques d'exsudation de produits préjudiciables pour l'environnement.  However, waxes have the disadvantage that they harden at low temperatures from 10-15 ° C and soften at 30 ° C to liquefy at temperatures of the order of 70-80 ° C thus generating hard or sticky surfaces, losing their cohesion and resulting in higher projections and more numerous during galloping horses. In addition, the partial melting of these oils and waxes generate risks of exudation of products that are harmful to the environment.
US 9.012.557 B1 a pour objet une surface de sport équestre obtenue en mélangeant du sable et des charges avec une résine silicone réticulable liquide. Le polymère de silicone formé étant réticulé présente l'avantage d'être moins sensible aux variations de températures. Cependant, la préparation de la surface reste complexe car il convient pour l'opérateur de maîtriser parfaitement les quantités en PDMS, en agent de réticulation et en catalyseur, ce qui peut être délicat en rénovation d'une surface lorsque l'application est effectuée sur site. De plus, les polymères de silicone sont onéreux. Enfin, pour de nouvelles surfaces basées sur ce procédé, il est tout de même nécessaire d'ajouter des huiles ou des cires afin de conférer à la surface la mobilité, la souplesse requise et permettre l'incorporation des réactifs pour former le polymère de silicone sur des ingrédients secs.  US 9.012.557 B1 relates to an equestrian sports surface obtained by mixing sand and fillers with a liquid crosslinkable silicone resin. The silicone polymer formed being crosslinked has the advantage of being less sensitive to temperature variations. However, the preparation of the surface remains complex because it is appropriate for the operator to perfectly control the quantities of PDMS, crosslinking agent and catalyst, which can be tricky when renovating a surface when the application is performed on site. In addition, silicone polymers are expensive. Finally, for new surfaces based on this process, it is still necessary to add oils or waxes to give the surface the mobility, flexibility required and allow the incorporation of reagents to form the silicone polymer on dry ingredients.
La présente invention a ainsi pour objet une composition pour la préparation d'une surface de sport, en particulier pour animaux, notamment pour les chevaux, améliorée en termes de mobilité, de souplesse, de diminution de la poussière générée, résistant aux variations de température, ne générant pas, ou à tout le moins limitant l'utilisation de produits nocifs pour l'environnement.  The subject of the present invention is thus a composition for the preparation of a sports surface, in particular for animals, in particular for horses, improved in terms of mobility, flexibility, reduction of dust generated, resistant to temperature variations , not generating, or at least limiting the use of products harmful to the environment.
La présente invention a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une telle composition, facile à mettre en œuvre et facilement reproductible, nécessitant un équipement limité pour une fabrication en usine parfaitement maîtrisée.  The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a composition, easy to implement and easily reproducible, requiring limited equipment for factory production perfectly mastered.
Objet et résumé de l'invention Object and summary of the invention
On comprend dans le présent texte par surface sportive toute surface permettant la pratique d'un sport, en particulier adaptée pour les animaux, notamment pour la pratique d'un sport équestre. La présente invention a pour objet, selon un premier aspect, une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, notamment de sport équestre, comprenant avantageusement : In the present text, the term "sports surface" includes any surface that allows the practice of a sport, in particular adapted for animals, in particular for the practice of an equestrian sport. The subject of the present invention is, according to a first aspect, a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, advantageously comprising:
a. au moins 50% en masse de sable ;  at. at least 50% by mass of sand;
b. éventuellement au moins une charge ;  b. possibly at least one load;
c. au plus 10% en masse, en particulier au plus 5 % en masse, éventuellement au plus 3% en masse, d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins un polymère A souple ayant un module de traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante, de préférence inférieur ou égal à 0,70 MPa, encore de préférence inférieur ou égal à 0,50 MPa, notamment inférieur ou égal à 0,40 MPa, ladite composition ne comprenant pas de cires et d'huiles. c. at most 10% by weight, in particular at most 5% by weight, possibly at most 3% by weight, of an organic coating comprising at least one flexible polymer A having a tensile modulus less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature, preferably less than or equal to 0.70 MPa, more preferably less than or equal to 0.50 MPa, in particular less than or equal to 0.40 MPa, said composition not comprising waxes and oils.
Avantageusement, la mise en œuvre d'un polymère A souple revêtant au moins partiellement les grains de sable, et éventuellement le ou les autres composé(s) solide(s) présent(s) dans la composition, telle(s) que la ou les charge(s), permet de conférer à la surface comprenant ladite composition les propriétés d'amorti, de rebond et de confort pour les sabots des chevaux. Les grains de sable présentent une bonne cohésion entre eux limitant ainsi la génération de poussières. Advantageously, the implementation of a flexible polymer A coating at least partially the grains of sand, and optionally the other solid compound (s) present in the composition, such that the or the load (s), makes it possible to confer on the surface comprising said composition the cushioning, rebound and comfort properties for the hooves of horses. The grains of sand have a good cohesion between them thus limiting the generation of dust.
Avantageusement, la composition comprend un revêtement organique, et ce en quantité lui permettant de conserver de la mobilité entre les grains de sable.  Advantageously, the composition comprises an organic coating, and in a quantity that allows it to maintain mobility between the grains of sand.
On comprend dans le présent texte par module de traction, le module dYoung, c'est-à-dire la constante reliant la contrainte de traction (MPa) et le début de la déformation (%) du polymère A, en particulier d'un matériau élastique isotrope.  In the present text, the dYoung modulus, that is to say the constant connecting the tensile stress (MPa) and the beginning of the deformation (%) of the polymer A, in particular a isotropic elastic material.
Le module de traction (E) correspond à la pente de la courbe représentant la contrainte (en ordonnée) par rapport à la déformation (en abscisse) au début de l'élongation.  The tensile modulus (E) corresponds to the slope of the curve representing the stress (in ordinate) with respect to the deformation (in abscissa) at the beginning of the elongation.
Le module en traction peut être mesuré à l'aide de la norme NF ISO 527 parties 1 et 3, datant de 1995, intitulée « Détermination des propriétés en traction- Conditions d'essais pour films et feuilles». De préférence, les mesures sont effectuées dans une pièce ayant une température de l'ordre de 23°C et une humidité relative de 50%, encore de préférence la vitesse de traction est de 500 mm/minute. Le module de traction est un paramètre significatif du polymère A s'agissant de la souplesse combinée avec son comportement de résistance à l'impact en comparaison avec la considération de son allongement à rupture seul (%) The modulus in tension can be measured using the standard NF ISO 527 parts 1 and 3, dating from 1995, titled "Determination of tensile properties - Test conditions for films and sheets". Preferably, the measurements are made in a room having a temperature of the order of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, more preferably the pulling speed is 500 mm / minute. The tensile modulus is a significant parameter of polymer A with respect to flexibility combined with its impact resistance behavior in comparison with the consideration of its elongation at break only (%)
En effet, pour un déplacement de la surface sportive selon une énergie donnée, si le module de traction est trop élevé, le sabot ne se déplace pas assez ce qui risque de créer un impact plus important pour le cheval. Si le module de traction est faible, le déplacement de la surface est plus important, ce qui induit un choc moins important, moins traumatisant, au moment de l'impact.  Indeed, for a displacement of the sports surface according to a given energy, if the traction module is too high, the shoe does not move enough which may create a greater impact for the horse. If the traction module is weak, the displacement of the surface is greater, which induces a less important shock, less traumatic, at the moment of the impact.
De préférence, la proportion massique dans ledit polymère A dans le revêtement organique est supérieur ou égale à 50%, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 75%, préférentiellement supérieure ou égale à 90%.  Preferably, the mass proportion in said polymer A in the organic coating is greater than or equal to 50%, more preferably greater than or equal to 75%, preferably greater than or equal to 90%.
De préférence, la proportion massique en eau dans la composition et/ou dans le revêtement organique est inférieur à 10%, encore de préférence inférieure à 5%, préférentiellement inférieur à 3% (par exemple, ISO 3251 :2008).  Preferably, the mass proportion of water in the composition and / or in the organic coating is less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%, preferably less than 3% (for example, ISO 3251: 2008).
Les proportions massiques dans la composition sont définies en masse sèche d'un composé donné par rapport à la masse sèche totale de ladite composition (une fois l'eau évaporée).  The mass proportions in the composition are defined in terms of the dry mass of a given compound relative to the total dry mass of said composition (once the water has evaporated).
De préférence, la masse molaire moyenne en masse Mw du polymère A est supérieure ou égale à 10 000 g/mol, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 100 000 g/mol, en particulier inférieure ou égale à 800 000 g/mol, plus particulièrement inférieure ou égale à 500 000 g/mol, notamment inférieure ou égale 300 000 g/mol.  Preferably, the weight average molecular weight Mw of polymer A is greater than or equal to 10,000 g / mol, more preferably greater than or equal to 100,000 g / mol, in particular less than or equal to 800,000 g / mol, more particularly lower than or equal to 500 000 g / mol, especially less than or equal to 300 000 g / mol.
La masse molaire moyenne en masse Mw peut être mesurée à l'aide de la norme NF T51-505 datant de mai 2011 intitulée « Plastiques - Résines thermodurcissables - Analyse par chromatographie d'exclusion stérique (G.P.C) », en particulier en équivalent polystyrène.  The average molecular weight Mw can be measured using standard NF T51-505 dated May 2011 entitled "Plastics - thermosetting resins - Analysis by size exclusion chromatography (G.P.C)", in particular in polystyrene equivalent.
De préférence, le sable est du sable siliceux.  Preferably, the sand is siliceous sand.
De préférence, la distribution granulométrique moyenne en masse D50 est inférieure ou égale à 800 pm, encore de préférence inférieure ou égale à 500 pm, préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à 400 pm, en particulier inférieur ou égale à 300 pm, plus particulièrement inférieure ou égale à 250 pm.  Preferably, the mass average particle size distribution D50 is less than or equal to 800 μm, more preferably less than or equal to 500 μm, preferably less than or equal to 400 μm, in particular less than or equal to 300 μm, more particularly less than or equal to at 250 pm.
De préférence, la distribution granulométrique moyenne en masse D50 est supérieure ou égale à 50 pm, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à La distribution granulométrique moyenne en masse peut être mesurée avec la norme NF 11 507 datant de décembre 1970 ou à l'aide la norme NF ISO 2591-1 datant de septembre 1989 et intitulée « Tamisage de contrôle- Modes Opératoires utilisant des tamis de contrôle en tissus métalliques et en tôles métalliques perforées calibrées ». Preferably, the mass average particle size distribution D 50 is greater than or equal to 50 μm, more preferably greater than or equal to The mean particle size distribution by mass can be measured with the standard NF 11 507 dating from December 1970 or with the standard NF ISO 2591-1 dating from September 1989 and entitled "Sieving control- Operating methods using control sieves". metal fabrics and calibrated perforated metal sheets ".
De préférence, le sable comprend une proportion massique en fines, c'est-à-dire des particules dont la taille est inférieure à 63 pm, inférieure ou égale à 5%, encore de préférence inférieure ou égale à 1%. Cette disposition permet de supprimer la génération de poussières puisque les particules les plus petites et donc les plus volatiles sont supprimées.  Preferably, the sand comprises a mass proportion of fines, that is to say particles whose size is less than 63 μm, less than or equal to 5%, more preferably less than or equal to 1%. This arrangement eliminates the generation of dust since the smallest particles and therefore the most volatile are removed.
De préférence, la proportion massique en sable dans la composition est supérieure ou égale à 60%, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 65%.  Preferably, the mass proportion of sand in the composition is greater than or equal to 60%, more preferably greater than or equal to 65%.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la proportion massique en sable dans la composition est inférieure ou égale à 90%, éventuellement inférieure ou égale à 80% ou 70%.  In one embodiment, the mass proportion of sand in the composition is less than or equal to 90%, possibly less than or equal to 80% or 70%.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, la proportion massique en sable dans la composition est supérieure ou égale à 80%, en particulier supérieure ou égale à 90%, plus particulièrement supérieure ou égale à 95%.  In another embodiment, the mass proportion of sand in the composition is greater than or equal to 80%, in particular greater than or equal to 90%, more particularly greater than or equal to 95%.
Le sable selon l'invention peut être lavé ou non ou être un mélange d'un sable lavé et d'un sable non lavé, en particulier selon leurs origines. Le sable lavé permet de réduire la quantité de liant polymère A.  The sand according to the invention can be washed or not or be a mixture of washed sand and unwashed sand, in particular according to their origins. The washed sand reduces the amount of polymeric binder A.
La composition peut comprendre une ou plusieurs charges différentes. The composition may comprise one or more different fillers.
La ou les charges sont choisies parmi les fibres et/ou granulés dans un ou plusieurs matériau(x) naturel(s) et/ou synthétique(s), et de préférence recyclés. Le ou lesdits matériau(x) est/sont choisis dans la liste constituée par : le polypropylène, le polyéthylène, un polymère chloré (par exemple le polychlorure de vinyle ou de butylène), le polyuréthane, les polyamides (PA 6-6 ou PA6 par exemples), les polyesters (par exemple le PET (polyéthylène téréphtalate)), le caoutchouc, ou un mélange de ces derniers. The charge or fillers are chosen from fibers and / or granules in one or more natural and / or synthetic material (s), and preferably recycled. The material or materials (x) is / are chosen from the list consisting of: polypropylene, polyethylene, a chlorinated polymer (for example polyvinyl chloride or butylene), polyurethane, polyamides (PA 6-6 or PA6) for example), polyesters (eg PET (polyethylene terephthalate)), rubber, or a mixture thereof.
De préférence, la proportion massique en charge(s) dans la composition est supérieure ou égale à 5%, éventuellement supérieure ou égale à 10% ou 20% ou encore 25%.  Preferably, the proportion by weight of filler (s) in the composition is greater than or equal to 5%, possibly greater than or equal to 10% or 20% or even 25%.
De préférence, la proportion massique en charge(s) dans la composition est inférieure ou égale à 40%, encore de préférence inférieure ou égale à 35%, préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à 30%, éventuellement inférieure ou égale 15%. Le ou les granulés ont de préférence une taille supérieure ou égale à 1 mm et inférieure ou égale à 10 mm, encore de préférence inférieure ou égale à 5 mm, préférentiellement supérieure ou égale à 3 mm. Preferably, the mass proportion in filler (s) in the composition is less than or equal to 40%, more preferably less than or equal to 35%, preferably less than or equal to 30%, optionally less than or equal to 15%. The granule or granules preferably have a size greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 5 mm, and preferably greater than or equal to 3 mm.
Les fibres ont de préférence une taille supérieure ou égale à 10 mm, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 20 mm, préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à 80 mm, en particulier inférieure ou égale à 60 mm, plus particulièrement inférieure ou égale à 50 mm.  The fibers preferably have a size greater than or equal to 10 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 20 mm, preferably less than or equal to 80 mm, in particular less than or equal to 60 mm, more particularly less than or equal to 50 mm.
Les fibres contribuent à l'amélioration de la cohésion de la composition, i.e entre les grains de sable, et à la diminution des projections lors des impacts sur la surface sportive.  The fibers contribute to improving the cohesion of the composition, i.e between the grains of sand, and the reduction of projections during impacts on the sports surface.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition comprend des charges choisies parmi des fibres, et est exempte de granulés, en particulier dans au moins un matériau polymère hydrophobe, tel qu'un polymère chloré, par exemple en PVC.  In one embodiment, the composition comprises fillers chosen from fibers, and is free of granules, in particular in at least one hydrophobic polymeric material, such as a chlorinated polymer, for example PVC.
Ce type de composition est recherché en particulier pour des surfaces sportives en intérieur.  This type of composition is sought in particular for sports surfaces indoors.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, la composition comprend des charges choisies parmi des fibres et des granulés, en particulier des granulés dans au moins un matériau polymère hydrophobe, notamment un polymère chloré, par exemple le PVC.  In another embodiment, the composition comprises fillers chosen from fibers and granules, in particular granules in at least one hydrophobic polymeric material, in particular a chlorinated polymer, for example PVC.
Ce type de composition est recherché en particulier pour des surfaces sportives en extérieur, pour lesquelles l'hydrophobie des granulés améliore les capacités drainantes de la composition.  This type of composition is sought in particular for outdoor sports surfaces, for which the hydrophobicity of the granules improves the draining capacity of the composition.
On comprend dans le présent texte par température ambiante, la température des conditions d'utilisation de la composition selon l'invention, en particulier supérieure ou égale à -5°C et inférieure ou égale à 40°C, plus particulièrement supérieure ou égale à 10°C et inférieure ou égale à 30°C. Cette température ambiante est différente de la température ambiante de mesure pour l'évaluation des propriétés mécaniques (module de traction, allongement à rupture,...) comprise entre entre 20°C et 25°C.  In the present text, the temperature of the conditions of use of the composition according to the invention, in particular greater than or equal to -5 ° C. and less than or equal to 40 ° C., more particularly greater than or equal to 10 ° C and less than or equal to 30 ° C. This ambient temperature is different from the ambient measurement temperature for the evaluation of the mechanical properties (tensile modulus, elongation at break, etc.) of between 20 ° C and 25 ° C.
Un des avantages de la présente invention est que la composition conserve sa mobilité sans bloquer les sabots des chevaux lors des impacts malgré l'absence de cires ou d'huiles. En effet, le polymère A apporte suffisamment de souplesse et de résistance à l'impact s'affranchissant ainsi de l'ajout de cires et/ou d'huiles. Les cires et huiles, notamment minérales, ont pour inconvénients qu'elles durcissent à des températures inférieures ou égales à 10°C et se liquéfient ou fondent pour des températures supérieures ou égales à 40°C générant ainsi des mélanges qui durcissent ou au contraire collent aux sabots des chevaux n'assurant plus dans les deux cas l'amorti, le rebond et la mobilité recherchés. De plus, les cires et les huiles migrent et se déposent sur le fond de la piste. Ils ne restent donc pas dans le revêtement disposé sur les grains de sable, lequel n'assure plus alors pleinement ses propriétés initiales. One of the advantages of the present invention is that the composition retains its mobility without blocking the hooves of horses during impacts despite the absence of waxes or oils. Indeed, the polymer A provides sufficient flexibility and impact resistance thus avoiding the addition of waxes and / or oils. Waxes and oils, in particular mineral, have the disadvantage that they harden at temperatures of less than or equal to 10 ° C and liquefy or melt at temperatures of 40 ° C or higher, thus generating mixtures which harden or otherwise stick the hoofs of horses no longer ensuring in both cases cushioning, rebound and mobility sought. In addition, waxes and oils migrate and settle on the bottom of the track. They do not remain in the coating arranged on the grains of sand, which no longer fully ensures its initial properties.
On comprend par huile et/ou cire, toute huile et/ou cire d'origine animale et/ou végétale et/ou minérale et/ou synthétique ou un mélange de ces dernières, de préférence minérale(s).  By oil and / or wax is understood any oil and / or wax of animal and / or vegetable and / or mineral and / or synthetic origin or a mixture of these, preferably mineral (s).
De préférence, la composition ne comprend pas de cires minérales et/ou d'huiles minérales.  Preferably, the composition does not comprise mineral waxes and / or mineral oils.
On comprend par huile, tout acide gras saturé, ou insaturé, ou une huile, ou tout composé obtenu par la mise en œuvre d'au moins 85%, en particulier d'au moins 90%, plus particulièrement d'au moins 95%, en masse d'acide(s) gras insaturé(s) ou saturé(s) ou d'huile(s).  By oil is meant any saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, or an oil, or any compound obtained by the use of at least 85%, in particular at least 90%, more particularly at least 95% , by weight unsaturated or saturated fatty acid (s) or oil (s).
On comprend par cire, tout ester d'acides à longues chaînes (en particulier au moins 16 carbones) et d'alcools également à longues chaînes (en particulier 16 carbones ou plus), éventuellement mélangé avec de la paraffine.  A wax is understood to mean any ester of long chain (in particular at least 16 carbon) and also long chain (in particular 16 or more) carbons, optionally mixed with paraffin.
Dans une variante, le polymère A a une température de transition vitreuse inférieure ou égale à 10°C, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 0°C, encore de préférence inférieure ou égale -5°C, préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à - 8°C.  In a variant, the polymer A has a glass transition temperature of less than or equal to 10 ° C, preferably less than or equal to 0 ° C, more preferably less than or equal to -5 ° C, preferentially less than or equal to -8 ° C C.
De préférence, le polymère A a une température de transition vitreuse Tg supérieure ou égale à -60°C, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à -40°C.  Preferably, the polymer A has a glass transition temperature Tg greater than or equal to -60 ° C., more preferably greater than or equal to -40 ° C.
Le polymère A présente ainsi avantageusement une grande souplesse à température ambiante et donc dans les conditions d'utilisation de la composition conférant ainsi de l'amorti, du rebond et améliorant le confort des animaux.  The polymer A thus advantageously has great flexibility at ambient temperature and therefore under the conditions of use of the composition, thus imparting cushioning and rebound and improving the comfort of the animals.
Même lorsque la température ambiante est négative ou inférieure à 10°C, le polymère A conserve sa souplesse et ne se rigidifie  Even when the ambient temperature is negative or lower than 10 ° C, the polymer A retains its flexibility and does not stiffen
Il a en effet été observé suite à des essais de composition avec un polymère liant A ayant une Tg de l'ordre de 20°C, que la composition obtenue est trop rigide. La température de transition vitreuse est de préférence mesurée par calorimétrie différentielle à balayage (Differential scanning calorimetry - DSC- selon la norme ISO 11357-2 datant de 2013 avec une rampe de température de 10°C/min). It has indeed been observed following composition tests with a binding polymer A having a Tg of the order of 20 ° C, that the composition obtained is too rigid. The glass transition temperature is preferably measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC- according to the ISO 11357-2 standard dating from 2013 with a temperature ramp of 10 ° C / min).
Dans une variante, le polymère A a un allongement à rupture supérieur ou égal à 300%, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 500%, encore de préférence supérieur ou égal à 700%, préférentiellement supérieur ou égal à 1000%.  In a variant, the polymer A has an elongation at break greater than or equal to 300%, preferably greater than or equal to 500%, more preferably greater than or equal to 700%, preferably greater than or equal to 1000%.
L'allongement à rupture (%) peut être déterminé à l'aide de la norme précitée NF ISO 527-1 et 3 de 1995.  The elongation at break (%) can be determined using the aforementioned standard NF ISO 527-1 and 3 of 1995.
Cette disposition contribue à la souplesse du polymère A.  This arrangement contributes to the flexibility of the polymer A.
Dans une variante, le polymère A, et éventuellement le revêtement organique, a une température de dégradation supérieure ou égale à 180°C.  In a variant, the polymer A, and optionally the organic coating, has a degradation temperature greater than or equal to 180 ° C.
Avantageusement, le polymère A ne fonds pas, et ne se liquéfie pas, à des températures supérieures ou égales à 40°C de sorte que la composition ne colle pas aux sabots des chevaux par exemple, et ne génère pas des produits éventuellement nocifs par exsudation.  Advantageously, the polymer A does not melt, and does not liquefy, at temperatures greater than or equal to 40 ° C so that the composition does not stick to the hooves of horses for example, and does not generate possibly harmful products by exudation .
Avantageusement, le polymère A a une structure amorphe de sorte qu'il ne présente pas de température de fusion ou de ramollissement mais une température de décomposition ou de dégradation, c'est-à-dire une température à partir de laquelle ses propriétés mécaniques sont dégradés de manière irréversible.  Advantageously, the polymer A has an amorphous structure so that it does not have a melting or softening temperature but a decomposition or degradation temperature, that is to say a temperature from which its mechanical properties are irreversibly degraded.
Les particules de la composition conservent leur cohésion évitant ainsi la génération de poussières et des projections en hauteur lors du galop des chevaux.  The particles of the composition retain their cohesion thus avoiding the generation of dust and projections in height during galloping horses.
De préférence, le polymère A et/ou le revêtement organique n'a/ont pas de température de fusion mais uniquement une température de décomposition.  Preferably, the polymer A and / or the organic coating has no melting temperature but only a decomposition temperature.
Dans une variante, le polymère A comprend des unités de répétition issues de la polymérisation d'au moins un monomère comprenant des fonctions (méth)acrylates et/ou (méth)acryliques.  In a variant, the polymer A comprises repeating units resulting from the polymerization of at least one monomer comprising (meth) acrylate and / or (meth) acrylic functional groups.
Dans une variante, le polymère A est choisi dans la liste constituée par : un (co)polymère d'acide (méth)acrylique, un (co)polymère d'acide (méth)acrylique et d'une unité de répétition comprenant un ou plusieurs cycle(s) aromatique(s), notamment le styrène ; un (co)polymère de (méth)acrylate d'alkyle ; tel que le polymère de (meth)acrylate de butyle ou le polymère de (méth)acrylate de 2-éthyl-hexyle ; un copolymère de (méth)acrylate d'alkyle et d'acide (méth)acrylique ; un copolymère styrène-acide(méth)acrylique- (meth)acrylate d'alkyle, un copolymère d'acide acrylique et de styrène, un (co)polymère de (méth)acrylate et d'alcool gras, un (co)polymère de (méth)acrylate et de dérivés poly-terpéniques, ou un mélange de ces derniers. In a variant, the polymer A is chosen from the list consisting of: a (meth) acrylic acid (co) polymer, a (meth) acrylic acid (co) polymer and a repeating unit comprising one or more several aromatic ring (s), including styrene; an (meth) acrylate (co) polymer; such as butyl (meth) acrylate polymer or 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate polymer; a copolymer of alkyl (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylic acid; a styrene-alkyl (meth) acrylic-meth (meth) acrylate copolymer, a copolymer of acrylic acid and styrene, a (co) polymer of (meth) acrylate and fatty alcohol, a (co) polymer of (meth) acrylate and polyterpene derivatives, or a mixture thereof.
On comprend dans le présent texte par « alkyle » toute chaîne alkyle, linéaire et/ou ramifiée, insaturée ou non, substituée ou non, comprenant de un à quinze atomes de carbone, de préférence de un à dix atomes de carbones, encore de préférence de un à six atomes de carbone, par exemple un groupe méthyle, un groupe éthyle, un groupe n-propyl, un groupe isopropyl, un groupe n-butyl, un groupe iso-butyl, un groupe sec-butyl, un groupe ter-butyle, un groupe 2-ethylhexyl, ou un mélange de ces derniers.On comprend dans le présent texte, par alcool gras, toute chaîne carbonée (de préférence le nombre de carbone est pair) supportant au moins une fonction alcool, pouvant comprendre un nombre d'atomes de carbones allant jusqu'à 30 atomes, de préférence il s'agit des alcools primaires, par exemple le lauryle, le stéaryle. De préférence, le nombre d'atomes de carbones est compris entre 4 et 26, encore de préférence entre 10 et 26.  In the present text, "alkyl" means any alkyl chain, linear and / or branched, unsaturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, comprising from one to fifteen carbon atoms, preferably from one to ten carbon atoms, more preferably from one to six carbon atoms, for example a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tertiary group, butyl, a 2-ethylhexyl group, or a mixture of these.It is understood in the present text, by fatty alcohol, any carbon chain (preferably the number of carbon is even) supporting at least one alcohol function, which may include a number of carbon atoms up to 30 atoms, preferably it is the primary alcohols, for example lauryl, stearyl. Preferably, the number of carbon atoms is between 4 and 26, more preferably between 10 and 26.
Ladite chaîne alkyle a pour fonction d'apporter de la souplesse au polymère A.  Said alkyl chain has the function of providing flexibility to the polymer A.
Dans une variante, la composition comprend au moins un polymère B choisi dans la liste constituée par : le polyisoprène, le polyuréthane, le polysiloxane, les polyacryliques, les epoxyacrylates, les poly-epoxy, les polyesters, les polyacrylates fluorés, ou un mélange de ces derniers.  In a variant, the composition comprises at least one polymer B chosen from the list consisting of: polyisoprene, polyurethane, polysiloxane, polyacrylics, epoxyacrylates, poly-epoxies, polyesters, fluorinated polyacrylates, or a mixture of these latter.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la fraction massique du polymère B dans ledit revêtement organique est inférieure ou égale à 25%, de préférence supérieure ou égale à 5%, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 10%.  In one embodiment, the mass fraction of polymer B in said organic coating is less than or equal to 25%, preferably greater than or equal to 5%, more preferably greater than or equal to 10%.
Dans une variante, la distribution granulométrique moyenne en masse In a variant, the mean particle size distribution in mass
D50 du sable est supérieure ou égale à 63 pm. D50 of the sand is greater than or equal to 63 μm.
Dans une variante, ladite au moins une charge est choisie dans la liste constituée par : des fibres synthétiques, des granulés plastiques ou du caoutchouc.  In a variant, said at least one filler is chosen from the list consisting of: synthetic fibers, plastic granules or rubber.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition, en particulier ladite au moins une charge, ne comprend pas de fibres élastiques, par exemple de fibres en élasthanne.  In one embodiment, the composition, in particular said at least one filler, does not comprise elastic fibers, for example elastane fibers.
Les fibres élastiques présentent par définition un allongement à rupture supérieur à 100%, notamment supérieur à 300%.  The elastic fibers have by definition an elongation greater than 100% rupture, especially greater than 300%.
La présente invention a pour objet, selon un second aspect, un procédé de fabrication d'une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, notamment selon l'une quelconque des variantes de réalisation définies selon un premier aspect de l'invention, comprenant avantageusement : The subject of the present invention is, according to a second aspect, a method of manufacturing a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, in particular according to any one of the variant embodiments defined according to a first aspect of the invention, advantageously comprising:
a. mélanger une émulsion aqueuse d'au moins un polymère A avec du sable, ledit polymère A ayant un module en traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante, et éventuellement au moins une charge, en sorte de former une composition comprenant au moins 50% en masse de sable, et en particulier 10% au plus en masse de ladite émulsion aqueuse ; b. évaporer l'eau de ladite composition ;  at. mixing an aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A with sand, said polymer A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature, and possibly at least one filler, so as to form a composition comprising at least 50% mass of sand, and in particular at most 10% by weight of said aqueous emulsion; b. evaporating the water of said composition;
c. obtention d'une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, comprenant au plus 10 % en masse d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins ledit polymère A, et ne comprenant pas de cires et d'huiles.  c. obtaining a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, comprising at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
Avantageusement, il n'est pas nécessaire de chauffer le sable afin que ce dernier fasse fondre le mélange organique avec lequel il entre en contact.  Advantageously, it is not necessary to heat the sand so that the latter melts the organic mixture with which it comes into contact.
De même, il n'est pas nécessaire de faire fondre au préalable le mélange organique avant de l'appliquer au sable.  Similarly, it is not necessary to melt the organic mixture before applying it to the sand.
L'émulsion aqueuse est de préférence appliquée à température ambiante, au mélange de l'étape a), en particulier non préalablement chauffé, afin d'enrober les particules de sable, et éventuellement les charges. Cette disposition facilite l'application du polymère A que ce soit pour la préparation de la composition en un lieu de fabrication distincte du lieu de la surface sportive, ou pour la préparation de la composition sur le lieu de la surface sportive (en rénovation ou en remplacement total).  The aqueous emulsion is preferably applied at room temperature to the mixture of step a), in particular not previously heated, in order to coat the sand particles, and possibly the fillers. This arrangement facilitates the application of the polymer A whether for the preparation of the composition at a place of manufacture distinct from the place of the sports surface, or for the preparation of the composition at the place of the sports surface (in renovation or renovation). total replacement).
L'eau présente dans l'émulsion favorise également l'enrobage des particules du mélange et donc le dépôt d'un revêtement organique.  The water present in the emulsion also promotes the coating of the particles of the mixture and therefore the deposition of an organic coating.
Le mélange peut se faire en projetant, par exemple en pulvérisant, l'émulsion aqueuse sur le sable, puis en mélange l'ensemble à l'aide d'un outil adapté, par exemple un mélangeur à ruban en usine ou par exemple un Galopp Master classiquement utilisé pour l'entretien des pistes en cas de rénovation d'anciennes surfaces.  The mixing can be done by projecting, for example by spraying, the aqueous emulsion on the sand, then mixing the assembly with the aid of a suitable tool, for example a ribbon mixer at the factory or for example a Galopp Master classically used for the maintenance of tracks in case of renovation of old surfaces.
De préférence, l'émulsion aqueuse a un pH supérieure ou égale à 6, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 7 (en particulier mesurée à l'aide de la norme ISO 976 datant de mars 2014 « Caoutchouc et plastiques - Dispersions de polymères et latex de caoutchouc - Détermination du pH »). De préférence, l'émulsion aqueuse a une viscosité supérieure ou égale à 100 mPa.s, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 400 mPa.s, en particulier inférieure ou égale à 5000 mPa.s, plus particulièrement inférieure ou égale à 3 000 mPa.s. La viscosité est de préférence mesurée à 23°C, à l'aide viscosimètre Brookfiled RVT, 20 tours/min selon la norme N F EN ISO 2555 datant de septembre 1999 « Plastiques - Résines à l'état liquide ou en émulsions ou dispersions - Détermination de la viscosité apparente selon le procédé Brookfield). Preferably, the aqueous emulsion has a pH greater than or equal to 6, more preferably greater than or equal to 7 (in particular measured using the ISO 976 standard from March 2014 "Rubber and plastics - Polymer dispersions and rubber latex - Determination of pH "). Preferably, the aqueous emulsion has a viscosity greater than or equal to 100 mPa.s, more preferably greater than or equal to 400 mPa.s, in particular less than or equal to 5000 mPa.s, more particularly less than or equal to 3000 mPa.s. The viscosity is preferably measured at 23 ° C., using a Brookfiled RVT viscometer, 20 revolutions / min according to the NF EN ISO 2555 standard dating from September 1999. "Plastics - Resins in the liquid state or in emulsions or dispersions - Determination apparent viscosity according to the Brookfield method).
De préférence, la fraction massique sèche de l'émulsion aqueuse selon l'invention est supérieure ou égale à 20%, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 40%, en particulier supérieure ou égale à 50%.  Preferably, the dry mass fraction of the aqueous emulsion according to the invention is greater than or equal to 20%, more preferably greater than or equal to 40%, in particular greater than or equal to 50%.
De préférence, la fraction massique sèche de l'émulsion aqueuse selon l'invention est inférieure ou égale à 80%, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 70%.  Preferably, the dry mass fraction of the aqueous emulsion according to the invention is less than or equal to 80%, preferably less than or equal to 70%.
La fraction massique sèche de l'émulsion aqueuse comprenant au moins le polymère A est de préférence déterminée à 105°C et selon la norme ISO 3251 datant de 2008 « Peintures, vernis et plastiques- Détermination de l'extrait sec ».  The dry mass fraction of the aqueous emulsion comprising at least polymer A is preferably determined at 105 ° C. and according to the ISO 3251 standard of 2008 "Paints, varnishes and plastics - Determination of dry matter".
De préférence, la taille moyenne des particules du polymère A est supérieure ou égale à 100 nm, encore de préférence supérieure ou égale à 200 nm, en particulier inférieure ou égale à 800 nm, plus particulièrement inférieure ou égale à 500 nm. La taille moyenne des particules peut être mesurée à l'aide de la norme ISO 13321 datant de 1996 « Analyse granulométrique - Spectroscopie par corrélation de photons ».  Preferably, the average particle size of the polymer A is greater than or equal to 100 nm, more preferably greater than or equal to 200 nm, in particular less than or equal to 800 nm, more particularly less than or equal to 500 nm. The average particle size can be measured using the ISO 13321 standard from 1996 "Particle size analysis - photon correlation spectroscopy".
Suite à l'application de l'émulsion aqueuse, et l'évaporation de l'eau, un revêtement organique à base de polymère se forme sur tout ou partie de la surface des grains de sable, et éventuellement des charges.  Following the application of the aqueous emulsion, and the evaporation of water, an organic polymer-based coating is formed on all or part of the surface of the sand grains, and optionally fillers.
L'évaporation de l'eau peut être obtenue par toute technique connue de la personne du métier, et notamment par chauffage de ladite composition par exemple à une température supérieure ou égale à 80°C, notamment inférieure ou égale à 200°C, pendant au moins 5 minutes ou encore en laissant l'eau s'évaporer à température ambiante pendant plusieurs heures.  The evaporation of the water can be obtained by any technique known to those skilled in the art, and in particular by heating said composition, for example, at a temperature greater than or equal to 80 ° C., in particular less than or equal to 200 ° C., during at least 5 minutes or allowing the water to evaporate at room temperature for several hours.
Dans une variante, l'étape b) d'évaporation de l'eau comprend le passage du mélange de l'étape a) sur un dispositif de séchage par lit fluidisé.  In a variant, the water evaporation step b) comprises the passage of the mixture of step a) on a fluidized bed drying device.
Le mélange est ainsi soumis à un flux d'air et est chauffé en même temps. La température de chauffage est de préférence supérieure ou égale à 70°C et inférieure ou égale à 120°C, notamment de 100°C. Cette technique de séchage permet avantageusement de former un revêtement revêtant au moins partiellement chaque grain de sable, sans lier l'ensemble en bloc compact. En effet, sans cette technique de séchage, un bloc compact se forme, plus ou moins souple, nécessitant par la suite d'être décompacté pour obtenir la composition finale qui doit présenter une bonne mobilité des grains de sable entre-eux, tout en ayant une certaines cohésion. The mixture is thus subjected to a flow of air and is heated at the same time. The heating temperature is preferably greater than or equal to 70 ° C and less than or equal to 120 ° C, in particular 100 ° C. This drying technique advantageously makes it possible to form a coating coating at least partially each grain of sand, without binding the compact block assembly. Indeed, without this drying technique, a compact block is formed, more or less flexible, subsequently requiring to be decompressed to obtain the final composition which must have good mobility of sand grains between them, while having some cohesion.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l'émulsion aqueuse est mélangée directement avec le sable pré-mélangé avec les charges.  In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous emulsion is mixed directly with the sand premixed with the fillers.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, l'émulsion aqueuse est mélangée avec le sable et les charges présents sur la piste à rénover.  In another embodiment, the aqueous emulsion is mixed with sand and fillers present on the track to be renovated.
L'émulsion aqueuse peut comprendre un ou des agent(s) mouillant(s) (par exemple des copolymères bloc à groupement(s) polaire(s)) et/ou un ou des stabilisateur(s) aux UV (notamment de la famille des benzotriazoles ou d'autres stabilisateurs classiquement utilisés pour les revêtements) afin d'améliorer la résistance au vieillissement et/ou un ou des additif(s) biocide(s) pour réduire le développement de micro-organismes et/ou un ou des additif(s) pour ajuster l'hydrophobicité du revêtement organique et/ou un ou des colorant(s).  The aqueous emulsion may comprise one or more wetting agent (s) (for example block copolymers with polar group (s)) and / or one or more UV stabilizers (especially from the family). benzotriazoles or other stabilizers conventionally used for coatings) in order to improve aging resistance and / or one or more biocidal additive (s) to reduce the development of microorganisms and / or additive (s) (s) to adjust the hydrophobicity of the organic coating and / or dye (s).
Dans une variante, le mélange de l'émulsion aqueuse d'au moins un polymère A avec du sable, et éventuellement d'au moins une charge est effectué à température ambiante.  In a variant, the mixture of the aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A with sand, and optionally at least one filler, is carried out at room temperature.
La présente invention a pour objet, selon un troisième aspect, un procédé de rénovation d'une surface de sport, en particulier de sport équestre, comprenant une composition à rénover, ledit procédé comprenant avantageusement la fourniture d'une composition selon l'une quelconque des variantes de réalisation définies en référence au premier aspect de l'invention, ou obtenue selon l'une quelconque des variantes de réalisation définies en référence au second aspect de l'invention, en tant que composition principale, puis le mélange de ladite composition à rénover avec ladite composition principale.  The subject of the present invention is, according to a third aspect, a method of renovating a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, comprising a composition to be renovated, said method advantageously comprising the provision of a composition according to any one of embodiments defined with reference to the first aspect of the invention, or obtained according to any of the alternative embodiments defined with reference to the second aspect of the invention, as the main composition, and then the mixture of said composition to renovate with said main composition.
De préférence, la composition principale représente au moins 30% en masse de la masse totale de la composition à rénover, encore de préférence au moins 50% en masse, notamment au moins 70% en masse.  Preferably, the main composition represents at least 30% by weight of the total mass of the composition to be renovated, more preferably at least 50% by weight, especially at least 70% by weight.
La présente invention a pour objet, selon un quatrième aspect, un procédé de rénovation d'une surface de sport, en particulier de sport équestre, comprenant une composition à rénover comprenant au moins 50% en masse de sable, et éventuellement au moins une charge, ledit procédé comprenant : la fourniture d'une émulsion aqueuse d'au moins un polymère A ayant un module en traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante ; The subject of the present invention is, according to a fourth aspect, a method of renovating a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, comprising a composition to be renovated comprising at least 50% by weight of sand, and possibly at least one load. , said method comprising: providing an aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature;
le mélange de ladite composition à rénover avec ladite émulsion aqueuse, en particulier en sorte de former une composition comprenant 10% au plus en masse de ladite émulsion aqueuse ; évaporer l'eau de ladite composition ;  mixing said composition to be reformed with said aqueous emulsion, in particular so as to form a composition comprising at most 10% by weight of said aqueous emulsion; evaporating the water of said composition;
obtention d'une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, comprenant au plus 10 % en masse d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins ledit polymère A, et ne comprenant pas de cires et d'huiles.  obtaining a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, comprising at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
De préférence, le mélange de l'émulsion aqueuse d'au moins un polymère A avec du sable, et éventuellement d'au moins une charge est effectué à température ambiante.  Preferably, the mixture of the aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A with sand, and optionally at least one charge is carried out at room temperature.
La présente invention a pour objet, selon un cinquième aspect, une surface de sport, en particulier de sport équestre, comprenant avantageusement une composition selon l'une quelconque des variantes de réalisation définies en référence à un premier aspect de l'invention, ou obtenue selon l'une quelconque des variantes de réalisation définies en référence à un second et/ou troisième et/ou quatrième aspect(s) de l'invention.  The subject of the present invention is, according to a fifth aspect, a sports surface, in particular an equestrian sport surface, advantageously comprising a composition according to any one of the variant embodiments defined with reference to a first aspect of the invention, or obtained according to any of the alternative embodiments defined with reference to a second and / or third and / or fourth aspect (s) of the invention.
La présente invention a pour objet, selon un sixième aspect, l'utilisation d'une émulsion aqueuse comprenant au moins un polymère A ayant un module en traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante, pour préparer une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, notamment de sport équestre, comprenant au moins 50% en masse de sable ; éventuellement au moins une charge ; au plus 10% en masse d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins ledit polymère A, et ne comprenant pas de cires et d'huiles.  The subject of the present invention is, according to a sixth aspect, the use of an aqueous emulsion comprising at least one polymer A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature, in order to prepare a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, especially equestrian sports, comprising at least 50% by weight of sand; possibly at least one load; at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
Ladite composition reprenant avantageusement l'une quelconque des variantes de réalisation définies en référence au premier aspect de l'invention.  Said composition advantageously incorporating any of the embodiments defined with reference to the first aspect of the invention.
Les variantes et définitions en référence au premier, second, troisième, quatrième, cinquième et sixième aspects peuvent être combinées, et ce indépendamment les unes avec les autres. Description détaillée de l'invention The variants and definitions with reference to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth aspects can be combined independently of one another. Detailed description of the invention
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture des exemples de réalisation décrits ci-après, cités à titre non limitatif.  The present invention will be better understood on reading the exemplary embodiments described below, cited by way of non-limiting example.
Exemple 1  Example 1
La composition comprend 67,45% en masse de sable siliceux dont la taille des grains de sable est comprise entre 63pm et 500 pm. Le sable ne comprend pas de fines (taille inférieure à 63pm) et présente une distribution granulométrique moyenne en masse D50 de l'ordre de 198 pm. La composition comprend en outre environ 1,75% d'un mélange de fibres en PP et en PE ayant des longueurs comprises entre 20 mm et 40 mm, ainsi qu'environ 27,90% en masse de granulés en PVC de l'ordre de 3 mm à 5 mm. Enfin, la composition comprend 2,90% en masse d'une émulsion aqueuse dont la fraction de la masse sèche est de l'ordre de 60%. Le polymère A est un copolymère de styrène, d'acide acrylique et d'acrylate de butyle, dont la Tg est de l'ordre de -28°C et le module de traction ou dYoung E est de l'ordre de 0,2 MPa. L'émulsion aqueuse comprend 10% en masse (par à la masse totale de l'émulsion aqueuse) d'un agent mouillant (par exemple Disperbyk P190). L'allongement à rupture du polymère A est de l'ordre 1100%. Le sable, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) est tout d'abord mélangé avec les fibres et les granulés en PVC, puis l'émulsion aqueuse, également à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C), est mélangée avec le sable et les charges pré-mélangés. Le mélange est séché en sorte d'évaporer l'eau ou laisser à température ambiante le temps que l'eau s'évapore. Le mélange obtenu est ensuite émotté à nouveau pour déstructurer les agglomérats susceptibles de se former, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) en sorte de former la composition finale.  The composition comprises 67.45% by weight of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 μm and 500 μm. The sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 μm) and has a mean particle size distribution in mass D 50 of the order of 198 μm. The composition further comprises about 1.75% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths of between 20 mm and 40 mm, as well as about 27.90% by weight of PVC granules of the order from 3 mm to 5 mm. Finally, the composition comprises 2.90% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%. Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, whose Tg is of the order of -28 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 0.2 MPa. The aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190). The elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%. The sand, at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) is first mixed with the PVC fibers and granules, then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20 ° C.). -25 ° C), is mixed with sand and pre-mixed feeds. The mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates. The mixture obtained is then spun again to destructure agglomerates that may form at room temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C) so as to form the final composition.
Exemple 2  Example 2
La composition comprend 68,31% en masse de sable siliceux dont la taille des grains de sable est comprise entre 63pm et 400 pm. Le sable ne comprend pas de fines (taille inférieure à 63pm) et présente une distribution moyenne en nombre D50 de l'ordre de 210 pm. La composition comprend en outre environ 1,82% d'un mélange de fibres en PP et en PE ayant des longueurs comprises entre 20 mm et 40 mm, ainsi qu'environ 27,32% en masse de granulés en PVC de l'ordre de 3 mm à 5 mm. Enfin, la composition comprend 2,55% en masse d'une émulsion aqueuse dont la fraction de la masse sèche est de l'ordre de 60%. Le polymère A est un copolymère de styrène, d'acide acrylique et d'acrylate de butyle, dont la Tg est de l'ordre de -28°C et le module de traction ou dYoung E est de l'ordre de 0,2 MPa. L'émulsion aqueuse comprend 10% en masse (par à la masse totale de l'émulsion aqueuse) d'un agent mouillant (par exemple Disperbyk P190). L'allongement à rupture du polymère A est de l'ordre de 1100%. Le sable, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) est tout d'abord mélangé avec les fibres et les granulés en PVC, puis l'émulsion aqueuse, également à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C), est mélangée avec le sable et les charges pré-mélangés. Le mélange est séché en sorte d'évaporer l'eau ou laisser à température ambiante le temps que l'eau s'évapore. Le mélange obtenu est ensuite émotté à nouveau pour déstructurer les agglomérats susceptibles de se former, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) en sorte de former la composition finale avec l'aspect granulaire souhaité. The composition comprises 68.31% by weight of siliceous sand whose size of sand grains is between 63 μm and 400 μm. The sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 μm) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 μm. The composition further comprises about 1.82% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths of between 20 mm and 40 mm, as well as about 27.32% by weight of PVC granules of the order from 3 mm to 5 mm. Finally, the composition comprises 2.55% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%. Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, whose Tg is of the order of -28 ° C. and the tensile modulus or dyoung E is of the order of 0.2 MPa. The aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190). The elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%. The sand, at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) is first mixed with the PVC fibers and granules, then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20 ° C.). -25 ° C), is mixed with sand and pre-mixed feeds. The mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates. The mixture obtained is then re-shredded to destructurize the agglomerates that may form at room temperature (on the order of 20-25 ° C.) so as to form the final composition with the desired granular appearance.
Exemple 3  Example 3
La composition comprend 87,49% en masse de sable siliceux dont la taille des grains de sable est comprise entre 63pm et 400 pm. Le sable ne comprend pas de fines (taille inférieure à 63pm) et présente une distribution moyenne en nombre D50 de l'ordre de 210 pm. La composition comprend en outre environ 2,19% d'un mélange de fibres en PP et en PE ayant des longueurs comprises entre 20 mm et 40 mm, ainsi qu'environ 7,87% en masse de granulés de caoutchouc recyclé et broyés de l'ordre de 3 mm à 5 mm. Enfin, la composition comprend 2,45% en masse d'une émulsion aqueuse dont la fraction de la masse sèche est de l'ordre de 60%. Le polymère A est un copolymère de styrène, d'acide acrylique et d'acrylate de butyle, dont la Tg est de l'ordre de -28°C et le module de traction ou dYoung E est de l'ordre de 0,2 MPa. L'émulsion aqueuse comprend 10% en masse (par à la masse totale de l'émulsion aqueuse) d'un agent mouillant (par exemple Disperbyk P190). L'allongement à rupture du polymère A est de l'ordre 1100 %.Le sable, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) est tout d'abord mélangé avec les fibres et les granulés, puis l'émulsion aqueuse, également à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C), est mélangée avec le sable et les charges pré-mélangés. Le mélange est séché en sorte d'évaporer l'eau ou laisser à température ambiante le temps que l'eau s'évapore. Le mélange obtenu est ensuite émotté à nouveau pour déstructurer les agglomérats susceptibles de se former, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) en sorte de former la composition finale avec l'aspect granulaire souhaité. Exemple 4 The composition comprises 87.49% by weight of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 μm and 400 μm. The sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 μm) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 μm. The composition further comprises about 2.19% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths of between 20 mm and 40 mm, and about 7.87% by weight of recycled and milled rubber granules. the order of 3 mm to 5 mm. Finally, the composition comprises 2.45% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%. Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, whose Tg is of the order of -28 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 0.2 MPa. The aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190). The elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%. The sand, at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.), is first mixed with the fibers and the granules, then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C), is mixed with the sand and pre-mixed charges. The mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates. The mixture obtained is then re-shredded to destructurize the agglomerates that may form at room temperature (on the order of 20-25 ° C.) so as to form the final composition with the desired granular appearance. Example 4
La composition comprend 96,44% en masse de sable siliceux dont la taille des grains de sable est comprise entre 63pm et 400 pm. Le sable ne comprend pas de fines (taille inférieure à 63pm) et présente une distribution moyenne en nombre D50 de l'ordre de 210 pm. La composition comprend en outre environ 1,92% d'un mélange de fibres en PP et en PE ayant des longueurs comprises entre 20 mm et 40 mm (sans granulés PVC). Enfin, la composition comprend 1,64% en masse d'une émulsion aqueuse dont la fraction de la masse sèche est de l'ordre de 60%. Le polymère A est un copolymère de styrène et d'acide acrylique, dont la Tg est de l'ordre de -8 °C et le module de traction ou dYoung E est de l'ordre de 0,4 MPa. L'émulsion aqueuse comprend 10% en masse (par à la masse totale de l'émulsion aqueuse) d'un agent mouillant (par exemple Disperbyk P190). L'allongement à rupture du polymère A est de l'ordre de 1100 %. Le sable, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) est tout d'abord mélangé avec les fibres puis l'émulsion aqueuse, également à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C), est mélangée avec le sable et les fibres pré- mélangés. Le mélange est séché en sorte d'évaporer l'eau ou laisser à température ambiante le temps que l'eau s'évapore. Le mélange obtenu est ensuite émotté à nouveau pour déstructurer les agglomérats susceptibles de se former, à température ambiante (de l'ordre de 20-25°C) en sorte de former la composition finale avec l'aspect granulaire souhaité  The composition comprises 96.44% by weight of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 μm and 400 μm. The sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 μm) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 μm. The composition further comprises about 1.92% of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths between 20 mm and 40 mm (without PVC granules). Finally, the composition comprises 1.64% by weight of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 60%. Polymer A is a copolymer of styrene and acrylic acid, whose Tg is of the order of -8 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 0.4 MPa. The aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (for example Disperbyk P190). The elongation at break of the polymer A is of the order of 1100%. The sand, at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) is first mixed with the fibers and then the aqueous emulsion, also at room temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.), is mixed with the sand and the premixed fibers. The mixture is dried so as to evaporate the water or leave room temperature until the water evaporates. The mixture obtained is then re-shredded to destructurize the agglomerates that may form at ambient temperature (of the order of 20-25 ° C.) so as to form the final composition with the desired granular appearance.
La composition de l'exemple 4 est destinée pour des surfaces sportives nécessitant moins de déformabilité.  The composition of Example 4 is intended for sports surfaces requiring less deformability.
Les propriétés de retour d'énergie (rebond), d'enfoncement du sol (cohésion) et d'amorti de la composition finale selon l'exemple 1) ont été évaluées en comparaison avec une composition témoin 1 comprenant du sable (environ 85% en masse de la masse totale de la composition finale), une cire avec 20% d'huile minérale (environ 5% en masse de la masse totale de la composition finale), des fibres de longueurs comprises entre 20 et 40 mm, et des granulés de PVC (environ 10% en masse de la masse totale de la composition finale).  The energy return (rebound), soil depressing (cohesion) and cushioning properties of the final composition according to Example 1 were evaluated in comparison with a control composition 1 comprising sand (approximately 85%). in mass of the total mass of the final composition), a wax with 20% mineral oil (about 5% by weight of the total mass of the final composition), fibers of lengths between 20 and 40 mm, and PVC granules (about 10% by weight of the total mass of the final composition).
Les tests de chocs instrumentés, avec une énergie de 117 joules (permettant de mesurer la décélération sur le sol d'une masse en chute libre, par des capteurs accélérométriques, pour déterminer la vitesse et le mouvement de la masse, avant et après impact, par des intégrations successives de la déccélération), réalisés dans des conditions simulant l'impact des chevaux ont été effectués sur une surface sportive comprenant les différentes compositions selon l'invention et une composition témoin, ces dernières ayant une épaisseur de 13 cm, et comprenant une première couche d'épaisseur de 4 cm fortement compactée avec une dame de 1500 g puis une seconde couche d'épaisseur de 6 cm compactée moins fortement que la première couche et une troisième couche de finition de 3 cm environ légèrement griffée pour obtenir le foisonnement en surface. Instrumented shock tests, with an energy of 117 joules (to measure the deceleration on the ground of a mass in free fall, by accelerometric sensors, to determine the speed and the movement of the mass, before and after impact, successive integrations of the deceleration), performed under conditions simulating the impact of the horses were performed on a sports surface comprising the various compositions according to the invention and a control composition, the latter having a thickness of 13 cm, and comprising a first layer of thickness of 4 cm strongly compacted with a lady of 1500 g and a second layer thickness of 6 cm compacted less strongly than the first layer and a third top coat of about 3 cm slightly scratched to obtain the swelling surface.
Retour d'énergie transmise lors de l'impact du sabot en % Return of energy transmitted during the hoof impact in%
Tableau 1  Table 1
Enfoncement du sol lors de l'impact du sabot en mm Depressing the ground during impact of the shoe in mm
Tableau 2 Amortissement : Force maximale ressentie par le cheval Newtons-) Table 2 Damping: Maximum Strength felt by the horse Newtons-)
Tableau 3 Test de choc effectués avec un dispositif « Cleaa Hammer »  Table 3 Impact tests performed with a Cleaa Hammer device
Valeurs de 60-70 Gm  Values of 60-70 Gm
Tableau 4  Table 4
La composition témoin 2 comprend du sable (environ 67,51% en masse de la masse totale de la composition finale), une cire avec 20% d'huile minérale (environ 3,69% en masse de la masse totale de la composition finale), des fibres de longueurs comprises entre 20 et 40 mm (1,80% en masse de la masse totale de la composition finale), et des granulés de PVC (environ 27% en masse de la masse totale de la composition finale). Control composition 2 comprises sand (about 67.51% by weight of the total mass of the final composition), a wax with 20% mineral oil (about 3.69% by weight of the total mass of the final composition ), fibers of lengths between 20 and 40 mm (1.80% by weight of the total mass of the final composition), and PVC granules (about 27% by weight of the total mass of the final composition).
Le « Clegg Hammer Test » est un dispositif comprenant une masse de The "Clegg Hammer Test" is a device comprising a mass of
2500g classiquement utilisé pour évaluer les surfaces sportives pour les animaux. Ce dispositif comprend un accéléromètre permettant d'enregistrer la décélération subie au moment de l'impact. Cette décélération est exprimée en valeur Gm, laquelle augmente avec la dureté du matériau. 2500g conventionally used to evaluate sports surfaces for animals. This device includes an accelerometer for recording the deceleration suffered at the moment of impact. This deceleration is expressed in value Gm, which increases with the hardness of the material.
La composition selon l'exemple 1 assure un meilleur retour d'énergie que la composition témoin. De plus, la composition selon l'exemple 1 est moins sensible aux variations de température pour l'enfoncement du sol que la composition témoin, l'amplitude de déformation entre 9°C et 40°C est moins élevée également (moins de 10 mm de variation pour la composition selon l'exemple 1 contre quasiment 20 mm pour la composition témoin). Enfin, la composition selon l'exemple 1 offre un amorti du même ordre que celui offert par la composition témoin et ce de manière homogène de 9°C à 40°C.  The composition according to Example 1 provides a better energy return than the control composition. In addition, the composition according to Example 1 is less sensitive to variations in temperature for the driving of the soil than the control composition, the amplitude of deformation between 9 ° C and 40 ° C is also lower (less than 10 mm variation for the composition according to Example 1 against almost 20 mm for the control composition). Finally, the composition according to Example 1 provides a cushion of the same order as that offered by the control composition and this homogeneously from 9 ° C to 40 ° C.
La composition selon l'exemple 1 offre une meilleure élasticité. La surface sportive comprenant une telle composition retrouve plus facilement sa place après l'impact lié au choc. Le retour d'énergie est supérieur aux valeurs obtenues pour la composition témoin. L'ensemble des propriétés reflète une moindre sensibilité de la composition de l'exemple 1 à la température avec une déformation plus faible apportant un contact pour le cheval moins stressant et plus constant.  The composition according to Example 1 offers a better elasticity. The sports surface comprising such a composition finds its place more easily after impact impact. The energy return is greater than the values obtained for the control composition. The set of properties reflects a lower sensitivity of the composition of Example 1 to temperature with a lower deformation bringing a contact for the horse less stressful and more constant.
Enfin, la perméabilité à l'eau mesurée sur une hauteur de 10 cm de composition de l'exemple 1 après compactage avec une charge de 1,5 MPa est de 0,17 mm/sec soit 612 mm d'eau par heure (valeur mesurée par suivi du temps nécessaire pourla migration, au sein d'un cylindre gradué, d'une hauteur d'eau de 30 mm). Cette valeur de perméabilité permet à la composition de l'exemple 1 d'éviter la rétention d'eau en surface assurant ainsi un bon effet drainant.  Finally, the permeability to water measured over a height of 10 cm of composition of Example 1 after compacting with a load of 1.5 MPa is 0.17 mm / sec or 612 mm of water per hour (value measured by monitoring the time required for the migration, within a graduated cylinder, of a water depth of 30 mm). This permeability value allows the composition of Example 1 to avoid surface water retention thus ensuring a good draining effect.
Exemple comparatif 5 Comparative Example 5
Une composition comprenant 100 parties de sable siliceux dont la taille des grains de sable est comprise entre 63pm et 400 pm. Le sable ne comprend pas de fines (taille inférieure à 63pm) et présente une distribution moyenne en nombre D50 de l'ordre de 210 pm. La composition comprend en outre environ 1,8 parties d'un mélange de fibres en PP et en PE ayant des longueurs comprises entre 20 mm et 40 mm (sans granulés PVC). Enfin, la composition comprend 2,5 parties d'une émulsion aqueuse dont la fraction de la masse sèche est de l'ordre de 50%. Le polymère est un copolymère de styrène et d'acide acrylique, dont la Tg est de l'ordre de 4 °C et le module de traction ou dYoung E est de l'ordre de 3,2 MPa (à 23°C). L'émulsion aqueuse comprend 10% en masse (par à la masse totale de l'émulsion aqueuse) d'un agent mouillant (par exemple Disperbyk P190). A composition comprising 100 parts of siliceous sand whose sand grain size is between 63 μm and 400 μm. The sand does not comprise fines (size less than 63 μm) and has a mean distribution in number D50 of the order of 210 μm. The composition further comprises about 1.8 parts of a mixture of PP and PE fibers having lengths between 20 mm and 40 mm (without PVC granules). Finally, the composition comprises 2.5 parts of an aqueous emulsion whose fraction of the dry mass is of the order of 50%. The polymer is a copolymer of styrene and acrylic acid, whose Tg is of the order of 4 ° C and the tensile modulus or dYoung E is of the order of 3.2 MPa (at 23 ° C). The aqueous emulsion comprises 10% by weight (by mass total of the aqueous emulsion) of a wetting agent (eg Disperbyk P190).
Exemples 6 et 7  Examples 6 and 7
Les compositions sont identiques à la composition de l'exemple comparatif 5 à la différence que pour l'exemple 6, le polymère A est celui de l'exemple 1, et pour l'exemple 7, le polymère A est celui de l'exemple 4. Au test interne de cohésion consistant à observer l'état de la composition suite à une chute d'une hauteur de 40 cm d'une boule compactée dans ladite composition, on observe que les boucles sont intègres, sans perte de cohésion entre le sable et les charges.  The compositions are identical to the composition of Comparative Example 5 except that for Example 6, polymer A is that of Example 1, and for Example 7, polymer A is that of Example 4. In the internal cohesion test consisting of observing the state of the composition following a fall of a height of 40 cm from a compacted ball in said composition, it is observed that the loops are intact, without loss of cohesion between the sand and loads.
Les compositions des exemples 6 et 7 donnent des surfaces élastiques, de bonne mobilité, avec une liaison entre le sable et les fibres satisfaisantes permettant au sol de ne pas fuir sous l'impact des sabots. En comparaison, la composition de l'exemple comparatif 5 présente une forte séparation entre le sable et les charges, rendant la surface impropre à son utilisation car beaucoup plus fuyante sous l'impact des sabots. La cohésion entre le sable, et les charges est trop faible. Au test interne de cohésion, on observe que la boule compactée est éclatée sans cohésion entre le sable et les charges.  The compositions of Examples 6 and 7 give elastic surfaces with good mobility, with a bond between the sand and the satisfactory fibers allowing the soil not to leak under the impact of the hooves. In comparison, the composition of Comparative Example 5 shows a strong separation between the sand and the fillers, making the surface unsuitable for its use because it is much more elusive under the impact of the hooves. The cohesion between the sand, and the loads is too weak. In the internal cohesion test, it is observed that the compacted ball is broken apart without cohesion between the sand and the charges.
Des tests au choc instrumentés ont été réalisés pour des surfaces équestres comprenant les compositions des exemples 6 et 7. Ces tests mettent en œuvre la chute d'une masse de 33 Kg et développant une énergie de 272 kJ avec un angle de 12° par rapport à la verticale de la surface testée. Ces tests simulent l'impacts des sabots des chevaux sur la surface. Les résultats sont reportés dans le tableau 5, et sont en accord avec les recommandations des fédérations sportives.  Instrumented impact tests were performed for equestrian surfaces comprising the compositions of Examples 6 and 7. These tests involve the fall of a mass of 33 kg and developing an energy of 272 kJ at an angle of 12 ° to vertically to the surface tested. These tests simulate the impact of horse hooves on the surface. The results are reported in Table 5, and are in line with the recommendations of the sports federations.
Tableau 5  Table 5

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, notamment de sport équestre, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend : 1. Composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, especially equestrian sports, characterized in that it comprises:
a. au moins 50% en masse de sable ;  at. at least 50% by mass of sand;
b. éventuellement au moins une charge ;  b. possibly at least one load;
c. au plus 10% en masse d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins un polymère A souple ayant un module de traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante, et en ce que ladite composition ne comprend pas de cires et d'huiles.  c. at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least one flexible polymer A having a tensile modulus less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature, and in that said composition does not comprise waxes and oils.
2. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le polymère A a une température de transition vitreuse inférieure ou égale à 10°C, de préférence inférieure ou égale à -5°C.  2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer A has a glass transition temperature of less than or equal to 10 ° C, preferably less than or equal to -5 ° C.
3. Composition selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que le polymère A a un allongement à rupture supérieur ou égal à 300%, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 500%.  3. Composition according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the polymer A has an elongation at break greater than or equal to 300%, preferably greater than or equal to 500%.
4. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le polymère A, et éventuellement le revêtement organique, a une température de dégradation supérieure ou égale à 180°C.  4. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the polymer A, and optionally the organic coating, has a degradation temperature greater than or equal to 180 ° C.
5. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le polymère A comprend des unités de répétition issues de la polymérisation d'au moins un monomère comprenant des fonctions (méth)acrylate et/ou (méth)acrylique.  5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the polymer A comprises repeating units resulting from the polymerization of at least one monomer comprising (meth) acrylate and / or (meth) acrylic functions. .
6. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le polymère A est choisi dans la liste constituée par : un (co)polymère d'acide (méth)acrylique, un (co)polymère d'acide (méth)acrylique et d'une unité de répétition comprenant un ou plusieurs cycle(s) aromatique(s), un (co)polymère de (méth)acrylate d'alkyle; un copolymère styrène-acide(méth)acrylique-(meth)acrylate d'alkyle, un copolymère d'acide (méth)acryique et de styrène, un (co)polymère de (méth)acrylate et d'alcool gras, un (co)polymère de (méth)acrylate et de dérivés poly-terpéniques, ou un mélange de ces derniers.  6. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the polymer A is chosen from the list consisting of: a (meth) acrylic acid (co) polymer, an acid (co) polymer (meth) acrylic and a repeating unit comprising one or more aromatic ring (s), an (meth) acrylate (co) polymer; a styrene-alkyl (meth) acrylic acid (meth) acrylate copolymer, a copolymer of (meth) acrylic acid and styrene, a (meth) acrylate and fatty alcohol (co) polymer, a (co) ) polymer of (meth) acrylate and polyterpene derivatives, or a mixture thereof.
7. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins un polymère B choisi dans la liste constituée par : le polyisoprène, le polyuréthane, le polysiloxane, les polyacryliques, les epoxyacrylates, les poly-epoxy, les polyesters ; les polyacrylates fluorés ; ou un mélange de ces derniers. 7. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one polymer B selected from the list consisting of: polyisoprene, polyurethane, polysiloxane, polyacrylics, epoxyacrylates, poly-epoxies, polyesters; fluorinated polyacrylates; or a mixture of these.
8. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la distribution moyenne en nombre D50 du sable est supérieure ou égale à 63 pm.  8. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the average number distribution D50 of the sand is greater than or equal to 63 pm.
9. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une charge est choisie dans la liste constituée par : des fibres synthétiques, des granulés plastiques ou du caoutchouc. 9. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said at least one filler is selected from the list consisting of: synthetic fibers, plastic granules or rubber.
10. Procédé de fabrication d'une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, notamment selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : 10. A method of manufacturing a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, in particular according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises:
a. mélanger une émulsion aqueuse d'au moins un polymère A avec du sable, ledit polymère A ayant un module en traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante, et éventuellement au moins une charge, en sorte de former une composition comprenant au moins 50% en masse de sable, et ne comprenant pas de cires et d'huiles;  at. mixing an aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A with sand, said polymer A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature, and possibly at least one filler, so as to form a composition comprising at least 50% in bulk of sand, and not including waxes and oils;
b. évaporer l'eau de ladite composition ;  b. evaporating the water of said composition;
c. obtention d'une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, comprenant au plus 10 % en masse d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins ledit polymère A.  c. obtaining a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, comprising at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A.
11. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de l'émulsion aqueuse d'au moins un polymère A avec du sable, et éventuellement d'au moins une charge est effectué à température ambiante.  11. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that the mixture of the aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer A with sand, and optionally at least one charge is carried out at room temperature.
12. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 10 et 11, l'étape b) d'évaporation de l'eau comprend le passage du mélange de l'étape a) sur un dispositif de séchage par lit fluidisé.  12. The manufacturing method according to either of claims 10 and 11, the step b) of evaporation of water comprises the passage of the mixture of step a) on a fluidized bed drying device .
13. Procédé de rénovation d'une surface de sport, en particulier de sport équestre, comprenant une composition à rénover caractérisé en ce que ledit procédé comprend la fourniture d'une composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, ou obtenue selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 10 à 12, en tant que composition principale, puis le mélange de ladite composition à rénover avec ladite composition principale. 13. A method of renovating a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, comprising a composition to be renovated, characterized in that said method comprises the provision of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or obtained according to one or the other of claims 10 to 12, as the main composition, and then the mixture of said composition to be renovated with said main composition.
14. Procédé de rénovation d'une surface de sport, en particulier de sport équestre, comprenant une composition à rénover comprenant au moins 50% en masse de sable, et éventuellement au moins une charge, ledit procédé comprenant : 14. A method of renovating a sports surface, in particular equestrian sports, comprising a composition to be renovated comprising at least 50% by weight of sand, and possibly at least one load, said method comprising:
- la fourniture d'une émulsion aqueuse d'au moins un polymère supplying an aqueous emulsion of at least one polymer
A ayant un module en traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante ; A having a tensile modulus of less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature;
le mélange de ladite composition à rénover avec ladite émulsion aqueuse ;  mixing said composition to be refurbished with said aqueous emulsion;
- évaporer l'eau de ladite composition ;  evaporating the water of said composition;
- obtention d'une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, comprenant au plus 10 % en masse d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins ledit polymère A, et ne comprenant pas de cires et d'huiles.  - Obtaining a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, comprising at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
15.Surface de sport, en particulier de sport équestre, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, ou obtenue selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 10 à 14. 15.Surface sport, especially equestrian sports, characterized in that it comprises a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or obtained according to any one of claims 10 to 14.
16. Utilisation d'une émulsion aqueuse comprenant au moins un polymère A ayant un module en traction inférieur ou égal à lMPa à température ambiante pour préparer une composition pour la fabrication d'une surface sportive, notamment de sport équestre, comprenant au moins 50% en masse de sable ; éventuellement au moins une charge ; au plus 10% en masse d'un revêtement organique comprenant au moins ledit polymère A, et ne comprenant pas de cires et d'huiles.  16. Use of an aqueous emulsion comprising at least one polymer A having a modulus of traction less than or equal to 1 MPa at room temperature to prepare a composition for the manufacture of a sports surface, especially equestrian, comprising at least 50% mass of sand; possibly at least one load; at most 10% by weight of an organic coating comprising at least said polymer A, and not comprising waxes and oils.
EP19711644.5A 2018-02-14 2019-02-12 Composition for a sports surface, in particular for an equestrian sport, and method for producing such a composition Withdrawn EP3752472A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1851246A FR3077828B1 (en) 2018-02-14 2018-02-14 COMPOSITION FOR SPORTS SURFACE, ESPECIALLY EQUESTRIAN SPORTS, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A COMPOSITION
PCT/FR2019/050303 WO2019158851A1 (en) 2018-02-14 2019-02-12 Composition for a sports surface, in particular for an equestrian sport, and method for producing such a composition

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AU (1) AU2019221124A1 (en)
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FR3108604B1 (en) * 2020-03-31 2022-07-22 Saint Gobain Weber France Kit for obtaining a layer of building soil
KR102484254B1 (en) 2020-12-14 2023-01-04 주식회사 삼영특수인쇄 Protecting composition of label for enforcing printing protection function, making method for the same, and label
FR3127757B1 (en) * 2021-10-06 2023-08-25 Roy Process for manufacturing a surface coating composition and its use, particularly in the equestrian field

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FR2470782A1 (en) * 1979-12-06 1981-06-12 Textone Floor covering compsn. partic. for sports ground - comprising mixt. of vinyl:acetate! homopolymer and vinyl acetate-alkyl-maleate copolymer dispersion
JP2995517B2 (en) * 1992-01-10 1999-12-27 三洋化成工業 株式会社 Cushion material for riding ground and riding ground using the same
FR2749595B1 (en) * 1996-06-06 1999-04-23 Muller Rene FLOOR COVERING MADE FROM GUM AND / OR PLASTIC GRANULES
AU9360798A (en) 1997-10-10 1999-05-03 Martin Collins Synthetic surfaces
GB0113273D0 (en) * 2001-05-31 2001-07-25 Plasmega Worldwide Ltd Composite material for equestrian sports tracks and the like
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WO2015077376A1 (en) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-28 Equestrian Surfaces, Inc. Improved modified sand sports surfaces

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RU2020129928A (en) 2022-03-14
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ZA202004880B (en) 2021-08-25

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