EP3752360A1 - Vitrage feuillete - Google Patents
Vitrage feuilleteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3752360A1 EP3752360A1 EP19710737.8A EP19710737A EP3752360A1 EP 3752360 A1 EP3752360 A1 EP 3752360A1 EP 19710737 A EP19710737 A EP 19710737A EP 3752360 A1 EP3752360 A1 EP 3752360A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- sheet
- temperature
- glazing
- sheets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000006133 sodium aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005315 stained glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 16
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004009 SiCy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
- B32B17/10137—Chemical strengthening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10889—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor shaping the sheets, e.g. by using a mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10944—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in powder form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/078—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing an oxide of a divalent metal, e.g. an oxide of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/18—Compositions for glass with special properties for ion-sensitive glass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/402—Coloured
- B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
- B32B2315/08—Glass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2329/00—Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals
- B32B2329/06—PVB, i.e. polyinylbutyral
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of laminated glazing, particularly laminated glazing for automobiles, especially used as windshields, roofs or side windows.
- Laminated glazings are glazings in which two sheets of glass are adhesively bonded to each other by a lamination interlayer which has the capacity to retain glass chips in case of breakage.
- the lamination interlayer may also fulfill other functions, for example resistance to burglary, acoustic, thermal, etc ...
- the lamination interlayer generally comprises at least one polymeric sheet, typically polyvinyl butyral, suitable for soften during lamination treatment and adhere to glass sheets.
- Laminated glazings are used in motor vehicles as windshields, and sometimes as side windows or roofs. As such, they must meet a growing number of requirements, including mechanical requirements (they must withstand gravel), physical requirements (they must be as light as possible so as to penalize as little as possible the energy consumption of the vehicle ), optical requirements (their transmission in the visible must be sufficient to allow good visibility for the driver) and thermal requirements (their transmission of solar radiation must be low in order to reduce solar and solar heat therefore the need for air conditioning), not to mention the cost requirements. Some of these requirements are contradictory because a Lighter glazing is a thinner glazing, but one that will tend to be less resistant to gravel and more transmit infrared radiation.
- Hybrid laminated glazing units comprising a clear, chemically quenched glass, generally sodium aluminosilicate, assembled with a colored silica-soda-lime glass can meet these different requirements.
- the laminated glazings are generally curved and the two glass sheets of the laminated glazing must be curved together to ensure a perfect assembly and avoid any optical distortion.
- the two sheets of glass are superimposed, the inner sheet being disposed above the outer sheet, and introduced into a bending furnace, or they soften.
- the bending can in particular be a gravity bending, in which the glass sheets are deformed under their own weight, the deformation being adjusted by means of specific tools. The bending can still be by pressing, the glass sheets being pressed against a shape.
- the glass sheets can be kept at a distance by placing between them an interposed powder providing a space of a few tens of micrometers.
- This small space by limiting the speed of penetration of the air by the edges between the two sheets of glass, also makes it possible to create a particularly favorable suction effect in the case where the inner glass is a thin glass, because it allows to limit the tendency of thin glasses to form when bending ripples at the edges by "forcing" the glass thin interior to follow the deformation of the outer glass. It turns out, however, that this suction effect is insufficient when bulbs of sodium aluminosilicates and silica-soda-lime glasses are bulged together. It then forms undesirable edge undulations all the more important that the glazing has a complex shape, including a large double bending.
- the invention proposes to solve these various problems, and particularly to avoid the formation of edge ripples.
- the subject of the invention is a curved laminated glazing unit comprising an outer sheet of a soda-lime colored glass and an inner sheet of a clear glass of sodium aluminosilicate that has been chemically hardened and has a thickness e2 ranging from , 4 to 1.1 mm, especially 0.4 to 0.7 mm, said outer and inner sheets being joined together by means of a lamination interlayer, said colored glass having a chemical composition comprising a weight content of iron total, expressed as FeO, ranging from 0.6 to 2.2%, and the glasses of the inner and outer sheets being selected so that 0 T T 10 n nt- T 10 ext 20 ° C, where T 10 Ni nt is the temperature T10 of the glass of the inner sheet and T10 ext the temperature T10 of the glass of the outer sheet, the temperature T10 being the temperature at which the glass under consideration has a viscosity of 10 10 dPa.s.
- Another object of the invention is a glazing for a transport vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, in particular a windshield or a car roof, comprising a laminated glazing unit according to the invention.
- Another object of the invention is a method for obtaining a laminated glazing unit according to the invention. This process comprises the following successive steps:
- a bending step in which a sheet of a clear sodium aluminosilicate glass having a thickness e2 ranging from 0.4 to 1.1 mm, called an inner glass sheet, intended to become the inner sheet of the glazing, and a sheet of a soda-lime colored glass having a chemical composition comprising a weight content of total iron, expressed as FeO, ranging from 0.6 to 2.2%, referred to as an outer glass sheet and intended to become the outer sheet of the glazing, are curved together, said inner glass sheet being positioned above said outer glass sheet, the two glass sheets being separated with an interposed powder, and then
- a lamination step in which the inner and outer glass sheets are assembled by means of a lamination interlayer.
- the inventors have been able to demonstrate that a judicious choice of temperatures T10i nt and T10 ext allowed to avoid the appearance of edge ripples in the thin glass during the bending of the glass sheets. It has furthermore been found that it is possible to achieve the appropriate T10 ext values by using a soda-lime glass, but whose chemical composition is adjusted with respect to that of standard glass conventionally used for the production of glass for the building or transport.
- the unit dPa.s is also frequently called "Poise" in the glass technique.
- the temperature T10 is preferably measured according to ISO 7884-3 using a viscometer by fiber elongation. The temperature T10 is measured on the glass before any (possible) chemical quenching.
- T10i nt - TlOext is denoted DT10 then, according to the invention, 0 £ DT10 ⁇ 20 ° C.
- DT10 must be null or positive.
- DT10 is strictly positive, in particular at least 5 ° C or even 10 ° C. It has indeed been found that it is advantageous for the inner glass to be slightly more viscous than the outer glass in order to avoid during the bending the formation of marks on the inner glass because of the pressure of the latter on the powder. interlayer.
- DT10 is preferably at most 18 ° C, especially 15 ° C. Too much difference DT10 causes the formation of undesirable edge ripples.
- inner sheet is meant the glass sheet intended to be positioned inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle. This sheet is located on the concave side of the glazing. In contrast, the outer sheet, intended to be positioned outside the passenger compartment of the vehicle, is located on the convex side of the glazing.
- inner (respectively outer) glass sheet the glass sheet intended to become, after the bending steps, chemical quenching and lamination, the inner or outer sheet, respectively, of the final glazing.
- the glazing preferably consists of the outer sheet, the inner sheet and the lamination interlayer, but this does not exclude that one of these constituents is coated with layers or stackings of layers, as described herein. -after.
- the choice of thicknesses of the inner and outer sheets has a particularly important impact on the resistance to gravel. It turns out that the resistance to gravel decreases with the total thickness of the laminated glazing but increases as the thickness of the inner sheet decreases.
- the thickness e 1 of the outer sheet is preferably at most 2.4 mm, in particular 2.3 mm, or even 2.2 mm or 2.1 mm. It is preferably at least 1.6 or 1.7 mm.
- the thickness e1 is advantageously in a range from 1.6 to 2.4 mm.
- the thickness e2 of the inner sheet is preferably at most 1.0 mm, in particular 0.9 mm, or even 0.8 mm or 0.7 mm.
- the thickness e2 is preferably at least 0.5 mm.
- the thickness e2 is advantageously less than the thickness e1.
- the inner sheet is made of a clear glass of sodium aluminosilicate which has been chemically hardened and having a thickness el ranging from 0.4 to 1.1 mm, preferably from 0.4 to 0.7 mm. This type of glass has been found capable of providing, in combination with the outer sheet, glazings both light and mechanically resistant.
- the sodium aluminosilicate glass preferably comprises (before chemical quenching) from 55 to 73% by weight of
- SiCg from 2 to 20% by weight of A ⁇ Cg and from 9 to 17% by weight of
- Na 2 ⁇ C Na 2 ⁇ C. It also advantageously comprises from 2 to 11% by weight of MgO, from 0 to 10% by weight of K2O, less than 3% by weight of CaO and less than 10%, especially less than 5% by weight of B2O3.
- the sodium aluminosilicate glass preferably has (before chemical quenching) one of the following compositions, expressed as mass percentages of oxides.
- SiCy 55-71%, especially 59-68%; AI2O3: 3-11%, especially 4-10%; MgO: 4-11%, especially 5-10%; Na2O: 9-
- SiO2 55-70%, especially 58-68%; AI2O3: 8-20%, especially 9-18%; MgO: 2-8%, especially 2-7%; Na2O: 10-
- B2O3 ⁇ 3%, especially ⁇ 2%
- CaO ⁇ 1%, especially ⁇ 0.6%.
- SiO2 60-73%, especially 63-71%; AI2O3: 2-8%, especially 3-6%; MgO: 6-11%, especially 7-10%; Na 2 O: 10-17%, especially 11-16%; K2O: ⁇ 2%, especially ⁇ 1%; CaO: 0-3%, especially 1-2%; B2O3: ⁇ 2%, especially ⁇ 1%.
- clear glass is meant a glass whose light transmission (at real thickness) is at least 90%. The light transmission is calculated from an experimental spectrum produced on the glass sheet considered, taking into account the illuminant A defined by the ISO 11664-2 standard and the CIE 1931 reference observer. (2 °) defined by the ISO 11664-1 standard.
- Clear glasses generally contain a total iron content of not more than 0.15%, especially 0.1% and even 0.08%. The total iron content of clear glasses, however, is generally at least 0.01% because the natural raw materials used in the melting of the glass contain iron impurities, and lower contents would require the use of particularly raw materials. costly. Clear glass generally does not contain other coloring agents than iron; in particular, it preferably does not contain cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, selenium, copper oxide, nickel oxide and rare earth oxides, except for unavoidable impurities.
- Chemical quenching involves contacting the surface of the glass with a molten potassium salt (eg potassium nitrate), so as to reinforce the glass surface by exchanging glass ions ( here sodium ions) by ions of larger ionic radius (potassium ions).
- a molten potassium salt eg potassium nitrate
- glass ions here sodium ions
- potassium ions ions of larger ionic radius
- This ion exchange makes it possible to form compressive stresses on the surface of the glass and over a certain thickness.
- the surface stress is at least 300 MPa, in particular 400 and even 500 MPa, and at most 700 MPa
- the thickness of the compression zone is at least 20 ⁇ m, typically between 20 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m. and 50 ym.
- the stress profile can be determined in a known manner using a polarizing microscope equipped with a Babinet compensator.
- the chemical quenching step is preferably carried out at a temperature ranging from 380 to 480 ° C, and for a time ranging from 30 minutes to 3 hours.
- the chemical quenching step is carried out after the bending, because the bending has the effect of soaking the glass.
- the temperature TiOi nt is preferably in a range from 660 to 680 ° C, especially from 660 to 675 ° C.
- the outer sheet is of a soda-lime colored glass whose chemical composition comprises a weight content of total iron, expressed as Fe 2 O 3, ranging from 0.6 to 2.2%.
- the temperature T10 ext is preferably in a range from 655 to 675 ° C.
- silico-soda-lime glass is meant a glass containing silica as forming oxide and oxides of sodium and calcium as modifying oxides.
- the silico-soda-lime glass generally has a chemical composition which comprises from 60 to 78% of silica (SiO 2 ), from 9 to 16% of sodium hydroxide (Na 2 O) and from 5 to 15% of lime (CaO). As indicated in the rest of the text, this silico-soda-lime glass is preferably non-mechanically reinforced.
- the outer sheet is preferably floated, wherein the molten glass is poured onto a molten tin bath.
- the colored glass advantageously has a chemical composition comprising the following constituents, in a weight content varying within the limits defined below:
- the sum of the weight contents of SiCy, Al 2 O 3, CaO, MgO, NaO, KO is preferably at least 95%, especially 98%.
- the content of SrO, BaO and / or ZrCy is advantageously zero so as not to penalize the cost of the glass sheet.
- the content of antimony and arsenic oxides is also advantageously zero because these oxides are not compatible with the float process.
- the other constituents of the composition may be impurities originating from the raw materials or due to the degradation of the refractories of the melting furnace or of the refining agents (in particular SO 3 ).
- Silica is the main forming element of glass. In too low levels, the hydrolytic resistance of the glass, especially in basic medium, would be reduced too much. On the other hand, contents above 75% lead to an increase in the viscosity of the highly detrimental glass.
- the silica content is preferably at least 69%, especially 70% and / or at most 74%, in particular 73% or even 72%.
- Alumina (Al2O3) makes it possible to increase the hydrolytic resistance of the glass and to reduce its refractive index.
- the alumina content is preferably at least 0.5%, especially 1%, 1.5% or 2% and / or at most 2.5%.
- Increasing the AI2O3 content increases the temperature T10 ext
- the addition of lime (CaO) has the advantage of reducing the high-temperature viscosity of the glass, and thus facilitating its melting and refining, while increasing the lower annealing temperature, and therefore the thermal stability.
- the increase in the liquidus temperature and the refractive index attributable to this oxide lead to limiting its content.
- Magnesia (MgO) is useful for improving the chemical durability of glass and decreasing its viscosity. High levels, however, lead to increased risks of devitrification.
- the CaO content is preferably at least 8%, even 9% and even 10% and / or at most 13%, especially 12% or even 11%.
- CaO and MgO can increase the temperature T10ext ⁇
- Soda Na 2 O
- Soda is useful for reducing the viscosity at high temperature and liquidus temperature. Too high levels, however, lead to degrade the hydrolytic strength of the glass and its thermal stability, while increasing the cost.
- the addition of soda decreases the temperature T10 ext ⁇
- the potash (K 2 0) has the same advantages and disadvantages.
- the Na 2 0 content is preferably at least 9.5%, especially 10% or 11% or 11.5% and / or at most 12%.
- the K 2 0 content is preferably at most 1% and / or at least 0.5%.
- the weight content of MgO is at most 1%, especially 0.5% and even 0.1%.
- the CaO content is advantageously at least 11.5% or even 12%.
- the Na 2 0 content is preferably at least 10% or even 11%. It is advantageously at most 12%.
- Particularly preferred compositions comprise the following constituents, in a weight content varying within the limits defined below:
- the weight content of MgO is at least 4%, even 4.5% or 5% and / or at least 6%.
- the CaO content is preferably between 9 and 11%, especially between 9 and 10.5%.
- the content of Na 2 0 is preferably at least 9.5% or 10% and / or at most 12% or 11%.
- Particularly preferred compositions comprise the following constituents, in a weight content varying within the limits defined below:
- the weight content of CaO is at least 9%, especially 10% and / or at most 12%, especially 11%.
- the weight content of MgO is preferably at least 4% and / or at most 5%.
- the Na 2 0 content is preferably at least 11%.
- compositions comprise the following constituents, in a weight content varying within the limits defined below:
- the weight content of total iron of the colored glass, expressed as FeO, is preferably at least 0.7%, especially 0.8%. It is preferably at most 1.9%, especially 1.6%, or even 1.4%. It is preferably in a range from 0.7 to 1.8%, especially 0.8 to 1.5%.
- the redox ratio of the colored glass is preferably at least 0.22, especially 0.25. It is preferably at most 0.31, especially 0.30, or even 0.29 or 0.28.
- the redox ratio is preferably in a range from 0.22 to 0.31, especially 0.24 to 0.29, or even 0.25 to 0.27.
- the redox ratio is the ratio of the ferrous iron content by weight, expressed as FeO, to the weight content of total iron, expressed as FeO.
- the colored glass preferably does not contain other coloring agents than iron oxide or titanium oxide.
- the latter is an impurity frequently contained in some raw materials and can contribute to slightly tinting the glass.
- the content of titanium oxide is generally at most 0.1% or even 0.06%.
- the colored glass preferably does not contain cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, chromium oxide, selenium, copper oxide, vanadium oxide or manganese oxide. It preferably does not contain rare earth oxide, in particular no cerium oxide.
- the colored glass may contain very small amounts of at least one of the above coloring agents in order to adjust the optical properties.
- the outer sheet is preferably made of mechanically unreinforced glass. In this case, it is neither hardened nor hardened.
- Mechanically unstrengthened means that the glass sheet has not been reinforced by chemical quenching or by means of forced cooling to create high compressive stresses on the surface of the glass. glass sheet. This definition, however, does not exclude the possibility of using cooling means conventionally used and necessary to respect cycle times or to obtain form constraints. In a car glazing forming process, it is indeed necessary to cool the glass after forming in order to respect the cycle times and to create shape constraints by putting the periphery of the glazing in compression to increase the resistance. edges to the breakage. The term "non-reinforced mechanically” does not exclude the presence of edge stresses.
- the mechanically unreinforced glass is preferably such that the residual stress of core tension is at most 12 MPa, in particular 5 MPa, or even 2 MPa. Such stress values are obtained especially with cooling speeds of at most 1 ° C per second after bending, more precisely between the exit of the bending furnace and the zone in which the temperature of the glass corresponds to its annealing temperature. .
- the measurement of the residual stress is in particular carried out on a specimen obtained by cutting in the glazing a parallelepiped test piece of 10 mm by 50 mm, by separating the first sheet of glass from the laminating interlayer, for example by heat-treating the test piece at a temperature of 150 to 200 ° C, and then measuring the stresses in the thickness of the glass sheet.
- the measurement of the stresses can for example be carried out by means of a biasograph, described in Chapter 8 of the book "Photoelasticity of Glass" by H. Aben, C.
- the glazing is curved. To do this, the two glass sheets are curved, generally together, before being assembled by means of the lamination interlayer.
- the bending can be carried out in known manner, for example by gravity (glass deforming under its own weight) or by pressing, at temperatures typically ranging from 600 to 680 ° C.
- the inner glass sheet is placed on top of the outer glass sheet.
- the glass sheets are preferably kept at a distance by placing between them an interposed powder providing a space of a few tens of micrometers, typically from 20 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the interlayer powder is for example based on calcium carbonate and / or magnesium.
- the lamination can be carried out in known manner by an autoclave treatment, for example at temperatures of 110 to 160 ° C and a pressure of 10 to 15 bar. Prior to the autoclave treatment, air trapped between the glass sheets and the lamination interlayer may be removed by calendering or vacuum.
- the direct solar transmission of the glazing is preferably at most 52%, especially 50%, and even 48% or 46%, or even 45%. It is usually at least 35%. Direct solar transmission is determined according to the standard
- the light transmission of the glazing is preferably at least 70%, especially 71%. It is advantageously at most 80%, especially at most 78% or 77% and even 75% or 74%.
- the light transmission is calculated from an experimental spectrum produced on the glazing considered, taking into account the illuminant A defined by the standard ISO 11664-2 and the reference observer CIE 1931 (2 °) defined by the standard ISO 11664-1.
- the thickness of the glazing is preferably at most 5 mm, in particular 4.5 mm or even 4 mm. It is generally at least 2.8 mm, especially 3 mm.
- the invention avoids the appearance of edge ripples following bending, which is particularly difficult to obtain in the case of complex glazing, large and / or strongly curved.
- the glazing preferably has an area of at least 1.5 m 2 , or even 1.6 or 1.8 m 2 .
- the glazing is preferably doubly curved. It preferably has a double-bending depth (often simply called "double-bending") of at least 20 mm.
- a glazing is doubly curved if it can not be included in a surface generated by lines perpendicular to the same plane.
- a glazing is said to be doubly curved when the sections of the glazing, in the plane of symmetry of the glazing and in a plane orthogonal to said plane of symmetry, have a curvature.
- the double-bending is then defined as being the minimum of the largest arrow in the planes parallel to the plane of symmetry of the pane and the largest arrow in the planes orthogonal to said plane of symmetry.
- At least one glass sheet may be coated on one face facing the lamination interlayer of an electroconductive and / or low-emissivity thin film stack, in order to obtain a heating glazing or to further improve the thermal insulation glazing.
- a stack preferably comprises at least one thin layer of silver framed by at least two thin dielectric layers.
- the laminating interlayer preferably comprises at least one sheet of polyvinyl acetal, especially polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- the laminating interlayer can be tinted or untinted so as necessary to regulate the optical or thermal properties of the glazing.
- the lamination interlayer may advantageously have acoustic absorption properties in order to absorb sounds of aerial or solid origin.
- it may consist of three polymeric sheets, two of which are said to be external PVB sheets flanking an inner polymeric sheet, possibly made of PVB, of lower hardness than that of the outer sheets.
- the lamination interlayer may also have thermal insulation properties, in particular infrared radiation reflection. he can for this purpose, a low-emissivity thin-film coating, for example a coating comprising a thin layer of silver or an alternating coating of dielectric layers of different refractive indices, deposited on an internal PET sheet framed by two sheets of External PVB.
- a low-emissivity thin-film coating for example a coating comprising a thin layer of silver or an alternating coating of dielectric layers of different refractive indices, deposited on an internal PET sheet framed by two sheets of External PVB.
- the thickness of the lamination interlayer is generally in a range from 0.3 to 1.5 mm, in particular from 0.5 to 1 mm.
- the lamination interlayer may have a lower thickness on one edge of the glazing than in the center of the glazing to prevent the formation of a double image when using a head-up vision system, said HUD ( head-up display).
- Curved laminated glazings were manufactured as detailed below.
- the inner and outer glass sheets were cut and placed one over the other, more precisely the inner sheet above the outer sheet, the two sheets being separated by a magnesium carbonate interlayer powder, providing space about 20 ⁇ m between the two leaves.
- the two glass sheets, arranged on a bending skeleton, were then placed in a bending furnace to obtain the desired curvature.
- the bending cycle used is a conventional cycle for the production of windshields: a rise in temperature for 380 s to reach a plateau during which the glass sheets remain for 30 s at a maximum bending temperature indicated below, then cooling at a rate of 0.80 ° C / sec.
- the inner glass sheet was chemically quenched by dipping the glass sheet into a salt of molten potassium nitrate so as to obtain a stress of upper surface of 550 MPa and a compression thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- the two sheets of glass were then laminated in a known manner using a laminating interlayer PVB 0.76 mm thick.
- the inner sheet is made of clear sodium aluminosilicate glass. Its thickness is 0.5 mm. The temperature of this glass TLOI nt (before chemical tempering) is 665 ° C.
- the outer sheet is made of a silico-sodocalcic glass colored and unreinforced mechanically. Its thickness is 1.6 mm.
- the total iron content, expressed as Fe 2 O 3, is 1%, with a redox ratio of 0.26.
- the chemical weight composition of silico-soda-lime glass was as follows: SiO 2 : 72.4%; A1 2 0 3 : 0.6%; Fe 2 O 3 : 1.0%; Na 2 O: 13.4%;
- T10 ext temperature of this glass is 635 ° C, so that DT10 is 30 ° C.
- the maximum bending temperature was 635 ° C.
- the chemical weight composition of the silica-soda-lime glass was as follows: SiO 2 : 69.3%; A1 2 0 3 : 2.0%; Fe 2 O 3 : 1.0%;
- edge corrugations are visible to the naked eye. These corrugations of the inner glass sheet are manifested by periodic local detachment between the two sheets of glass. At the edges, the inner sheet is peeled away from the outer sheet by a distance of 20 mm. In the case of the example according to the invention, on the other hand, no ripple is observed.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1851244A FR3077760B1 (fr) | 2018-02-14 | 2018-02-14 | Vitrage feuillete bombe comprenant une feuille exterieure d'un verre colore silico-sodocalcique et une feuille interieure d'un verre clair d'aluminosilicate de sodium trempe chimiquement |
PCT/FR2019/050302 WO2019158850A1 (fr) | 2018-02-14 | 2019-02-12 | Vitrage feuillete |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3752360A1 true EP3752360A1 (fr) | 2020-12-23 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19710737.8A Pending EP3752360A1 (fr) | 2018-02-14 | 2019-02-12 | Vitrage feuillete |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11230088B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3752360A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP7299901B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN110382228B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3077760B1 (fr) |
MA (1) | MA51833A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019158850A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110981190B (zh) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-11-19 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种着色薄玻璃和夹层玻璃 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1131319B (it) * | 1980-06-13 | 1986-06-18 | Siv Soc Italiana Vetro | Procedimento di formatura ed assemblaggio di due o piu' lastre di vetro curvate aventi caratteristiche fisico-chimiche e/o spessori diversi,particolarmente adatte per parabrezza ed altri vetri di sicurezza per autoveicoli e simili |
FR2660921B1 (fr) * | 1990-04-13 | 1993-11-26 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Internal | Vitrage en verre teinte notamment pour toit de vehicules automobiles. |
FR2773556B1 (fr) | 1998-01-09 | 2001-07-13 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Compositions de verre destinees a la fabrication de vitrages |
JP2003002683A (ja) | 2001-06-21 | 2003-01-08 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 低透過ガラス |
GB201322240D0 (en) | 2013-12-16 | 2014-01-29 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Laminated glazing |
FR3045596B1 (fr) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-01-19 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Verre mince colore renforce chimiquement |
FR3045595B1 (fr) | 2015-12-17 | 2017-12-22 | Saint Gobain | Verre feuillete asymetrique |
JPWO2017183382A1 (ja) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-02-28 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 車両用合わせガラス |
DE102017124625A1 (de) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Schott Ag | Dünnglassubstrat, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu dessen Herstellung |
-
2018
- 2018-02-14 FR FR1851244A patent/FR3077760B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-02-12 EP EP19710737.8A patent/EP3752360A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-02-12 JP JP2020543348A patent/JP7299901B2/ja active Active
- 2019-02-12 CN CN201980001003.8A patent/CN110382228B/zh active Active
- 2019-02-12 MA MA051833A patent/MA51833A/fr unknown
- 2019-02-12 WO PCT/FR2019/050302 patent/WO2019158850A1/fr unknown
- 2019-02-12 US US16/969,816 patent/US11230088B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2019158850A1 (fr) | 2019-08-22 |
CN110382228A (zh) | 2019-10-25 |
FR3077760B1 (fr) | 2020-02-21 |
US11230088B2 (en) | 2022-01-25 |
MA51833A (fr) | 2021-05-19 |
CN110382228B (zh) | 2022-09-27 |
US20200369004A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
JP7299901B2 (ja) | 2023-06-28 |
JP2021513501A (ja) | 2021-05-27 |
FR3077760A1 (fr) | 2019-08-16 |
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