EP3746725A1 - Erzeugung von flüssiggas in einem gasspeicher - Google Patents
Erzeugung von flüssiggas in einem gasspeicherInfo
- Publication number
- EP3746725A1 EP3746725A1 EP19701598.5A EP19701598A EP3746725A1 EP 3746725 A1 EP3746725 A1 EP 3746725A1 EP 19701598 A EP19701598 A EP 19701598A EP 3746725 A1 EP3746725 A1 EP 3746725A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- natural gas
- storage
- liquefied
- stored
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 255
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 29
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 408
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 126
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0232—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes integration within a pressure letdown station of a high pressure pipeline system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/90—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being boil-off gas from storage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
Definitions
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention relate to the generation of LPG in a gas storage.
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas
- LPG liquid petroleum gas
- the present object is the object of providing a solution to generate liquefied gas as inexpensively as possible.
- a method, in particular for producing liquefied gas, carried out by one or more devices comprising the method:
- the method according to the first aspect can be carried out in particular by a device (for example device for producing liquefied gas).
- the method according to the first aspect may also be used in particular by a plurality of devices, e.g. B. a device for the purification of natural gas and another device for generating LPG are performed together.
- the one or more Devices are arranged for carrying out and / or controlling the method according to the first aspect of the invention or comprise respective means for
- the respective apparatuses may respectively have respective means for execution and / or control of each of the corresponding device (eg.
- an apparatus arranged to carry out and / or control the method according to the first aspect of the invention or comprising respective means for carrying out and / or controlling the steps of the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- either all steps of the method can be controlled, or all steps of the method can be executed, or one or more steps can be controlled and one or more steps can be executed.
- One or more of the means may also be executed and / or controlled by the same unit.
- one or more of the means may be formed by one or more processors.
- a system which comprises one or more devices arranged to carry out and / or control the method according to the first aspect of the invention or means for carrying out and / or controlling the steps of the method according to the first aspect of the invention. Either all steps of the Method are controlled, or all steps of the method are executed, or one or more steps are controlled and one or more steps are executed.
- expansion is understood to mean in particular a relaxation of natural gas, wherein after the expansion of the natural gas is at least under lower pressure than before expansion.
- liquefied petroleum gas is understood to mean in particular liquefied natural gas, also referred to as liquid natural gas (LNG), in particular not the so-called liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which for example is frequently replaced by automobiles, for example by means of a corresponding conversion of the liquefied natural gas Vehicle is usable as a fuel
- a “gas storage” is understood to mean a natural gas storage. Such natural gas storage are particularly large, mostly underground
- the gas network is for example a transport network in which natural gas with a predefined pressure of z. B. is transported about 30 bar.
- the amount of energy that was used to increase the pressure prior to the storage of natural gas in the gas storage is achieved when the gas is exhausted.
- the gas network eg., Transport network
- this amount of energy, for the production of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is used or used.
- a gas storage with, for example, two caverns with different pressures (eg 50 bar and 200 bar) or a cavern or storage in the pore rock (eg 200 bar) with a connection to the natural gas transport network (eg 30-50 bar) can be used for example objectively.
- the Joule-Thompson effect can be used to generate cold and thus reduce the temperature of the natural gas. This resulting expansion energy is used in the storage or removal of natural gas objectively at least partially to produce liquefied petroleum gas (LNG).
- the pressure reduction takes place in order to have a so-called constant system in the context of the production of liquefied gas, so that always with the one or more devices, the process in which as a result LPG is produced, can be performed.
- the pressure reduction may be necessary, for example, since the prevailing pressure in the gas storage (z, B. cavern pressure) changes during the year. This can be done for example by external and naturally conditioned environmental influences. In particular, gas reservoirs designed as cavern storage are subject to such pressure fluctuations.
- the pressure reduction can be carried out, for example, by means of a pressure regulating valve, an expander, or a vortex tube, to name just a few non-limiting examples.
- the purification of the natural gas may include a drying of the natural gas. Such drying of the natural gas changes the natural gas such that sometimes water taken from the natural gas is taken out of the natural gas. The cleaning and drying of the natural gas can take place, for example, in a single step. Alternatively, the purification and drying of the natural gas may each be separate steps of the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the purification and drying of the natural gas may be performed by a single device, or alternatively by two separate devices.
- the order of the steps may be changed. Accordingly, for example, the first purification of the natural gas, and then its drying. Alternatively, you can
- the cleaning and / or drying of the natural gas stored in the gas reservoir comprises or is carried out, for example, by plants which
- Components such. As water and carbon dioxide, which the production of
- the method further comprises:
- Cooling of the purified natural gas prior to the production of the liquefied gas wherein the cooling of the purified natural gas by means of a first heat exchanger takes place and condenses, and wherein a first portion of the cooled natural gas is passed to a second heat exchanger and through
- the cooling is done for example by means of a pre-cooling and
- a differential pressure of at least 50 to 55, 51 to 54, 52 to 53, preferably at least 55 bar is required in order to be able to produce liquefied gas in a cost-effective manner using this process according to the first aspect of the invention.
- This differential pressure can be found in subsurface spokes - as stated above.
- the generation of the liquefied gas takes place, for example, such that no negative influence on the usual storage operation takes place.
- an existing gas storage can take on new tasks in the liquefied gas generation in addition to its previous tasks in the gas network.
- the expansion by which the liquefied gas is generated for example, such that the natural gas is cooled after the expansion so that it is in his Changes state of aggregation and accordingly changes from a gaseous state in a liquid state.
- This state of aggregate change which is to
- Gas storage stored natural gas is performed.
- the generation of the liquefied gas takes place, for example, based on in the
- Gas storage stored natural gas for example, to compensate for
- the liquefied gas is generated after passing through at least two heat exchangers, in particular a Jouie-Thompson expansion of the natural gas.
- the liquefied gas is generated by a total of two heat exchangers.
- a temperature change of the natural gas used for producing LPG occurs at a pressure reduction.
- a predetermined temperature about -160 ° C
- the natural gas is liquefied, whereby the liquefied gas (LNG) is generated
- the liquid gas produced is stored at least temporarily in a liquid gas storage
- boil-off gas arising at least during storage must be removed from the storage tank.
- the BOG can be used to refuel CNG (compressed natural gas) vehicles or fed back into the gas grid. Accordingly, produced liquefied gas should be continuously consumed, since during storage just this boil-off gas is produced
- required refrigeration is at least partially also obtained based on that natural gas, which is to be stored on the one hand, and on the other hand to be generated from the liquefied gas (by a corresponding
- the energy required for the generation which is needed especially for cooling the natural gas, so that the natural gas changes its state of aggregation from gaseous to liquid, whereby liquefied gas is generated.
- An embodiment according to all aspects provides that the first part of the cooled natural gas can be ausssenbar after a reduction in pressure in a gas network
- Reducing pressure in particular ensures that cold is created This cold is used, for example, to generate liquid gas.
- a pressure reduction is also required in order to be able to store natural gas, which is stored in the gas storage, in a pipeline of the gas network.
- the stored natural gas in the gas storage is brought, for example, by the pressure reduction to the pressure present in a gas network into which the natural gas is to be stored.
- the storage of the generated liquefied gas causes leakage (eg, escape) of a quantity of natural gas, wherein the amount of natural gas exiting the liquefied gas storage by heating the stored liquefied gas is usable for further use.
- boil-off gas fizzling instead of leaving this boil-off gas unused, for example by the boil-off gas fizzling, this can be used, for example, for further use.
- this amount of natural gas escaping (or vaporizing) from a reservoir in which the generated LPG is stored may be subject to further use. For example, after a sometimes required
- Pressure adjustment (eg by compression) of this vaporized natural gas are stored in the gas network.
- Pressure adjustment eg by compression of this vaporized natural gas
- Evaporated natural gas usually has a lower pressure than the pressure prevailing in the gas network connected to the gas storage, which includes the liquid gas storage. Accordingly, a compression of the natural gas may be necessary to be able to store this natural gas in the gas network can. Accordingly, a further embodiment according to all aspects, that the amount of natural gas for further use of a third heat exchanger for
- Heating of natural gas is feedable (or is supplied).
- the third heat exchanger heats, for example, natural gas before a storage of the stored natural gas in the gas storage in the gas network or in a pipeline of the gas network. Accordingly, the third heat exchanger, for example, z. B. connected via an interface with the gas network or the pipeline of the gas network.
- the amount of liquid gas in a corresponding (eg mobile) memory for.
- a corresponding (eg mobile) memory for.
- the amount of gasified LPG from this mobile tank as a fuel to be supplied to a motor can be fed.
- This amount may be used, for example, for vehicles (eg, trucks, locomotives, ships, to name just a few non-limiting examples).
- the boil-off gas may also be used as fuel for traffic.
- Gas storage are u. a. Underground storage, also referred to as Underground Gas Storage (UGS), where natural gas can be stored in natural or artificial cavities beneath the surface of the earth by means of such underground storage.
- UGS Underground Gas Storage
- Such gas reservoirs are, for example, aquifer and pore reservoirs,
- Tube stores are medium sized Natural gas storage to compensate for fluctuations in demand, for example, tube storage is used to cover daily demand peaks, as they have high extraction and feed-in capacities.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the one or more devices are included in the gas storage or part of the gas storage.
- the one or more devices that perform and / or control the method according to the first aspect are in particular in the immediate vicinity of the gas storage, or are even within the gas storage, which is in this case designed in particular as underground storage, arranged
- one or more devices are arranged between the interface via which the gas storage can store stored natural gas (for example into a pipeline) and the interface via which natural gas stored in the gas storage can be stored out of the storage. Further details can be found in the "Detailed description of some exemplary
- a further embodiment according to all aspects provides that the cooling is performed at least partially by cooling the natural gas by a refrigeration system.
- the first part of the cooled natural gas is subject to a pressure increase by means of a compressor.
- an amount of the natural gas, on which at least partially based on the generation of the liquefied gas is carried out for the withdrawal from the
- Gas storage in the gas storage has too low pressure, the pressure of the natural gas can be increased by means of the compressor. Too low a pressure may arise, for example, that during evaporation of the liquefied gas, in which the natural gas is heated (in its temperature is increased by the storage), too much expanded. This may for example be the case when needed to produce the liquefied gas Cold to cool the natural gas could not be fully generated by expansion of natural gas. Accordingly, in this case, a further expansion of the natural gas take place in order to generate this required refrigeration for the production of the liquefied gas.
- Heat exchanger s the first part of the cooled natural gas for compression by the compressor and / or for a discharge of the first part of the cooled natural gas in the gas network.
- the temperature of the natural gas by the pressure of the natural gas to the gas network or to a connected to the gas storage pipeline into which the natural gas is stored, for example by means of the fourth heat exchanger, the temperature of the natural gas to the gas network or to a connected to the gas storage pipeline into which the natural gas is stored, for example by means of the fourth heat exchanger, the temperature of the natural gas to the gas network or to a connected to the gas storage pipeline into which the natural gas is stored, for example by means of the fourth heat exchanger, the temperature of the natural gas to the gas network or to a connected to the gas storage pipeline into which the natural gas is stored, for example by means of the fourth heat exchanger, the temperature of the natural gas to the gas network or to a connected to the gas storage pipeline into which the natural gas is stored, for example by means of the fourth heat exchanger, the temperature of the natural gas to the gas network or to a connected to the gas storage pipeline into which the natural gas is stored, for example by means of the fourth heat exchanger, the temperature of
- the one or more devices together execute and / or control an objective method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the one or more devices together execute and / or control an objective method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the system comprises at least one natural gas storage facility, and at least one apparatus for producing liquefied petroleum gas, wherein the at least one apparatus for generating liquefied petroleum gas is adapted thereto or comprises corresponding means for carrying out a method according to the first aspect of the invention and / or to control.
- the one device is for example a single device.
- the method according to the first aspect of the invention is performed by a plurality of devices (i.e., at least two devices, e.g., each formed as plant parts).
- such and / or includes such means to perform a natural gas purification eg, natural gas purification system
- another device of the plurality of devices is, for example, configured and / or includes such means to generate a liquefied gas (eg
- the apparatus for producing liquefied gas may comprise, for example, one or more of the following components i) to viii):
- booster units eg compressor, or a booster with radiator
- one or more stores for storage eg storage
- Liquefied gas in a gas storage can be designed, for example, as follows:
- a first pressure reduction is to be built or to use an existing one.
- a natural gas cleaning and an optional drying plant, which, for. B. of the natural gas purification plant is included,] is to be erected;
- a liquefaction plant is to be built
- a container for the storage of LNG must be set up;
- a bottling plant is to be set up (the use of a mobile LNG filling station and / or CNG filling station is optional);
- Process step also be the corresponding step disclosed.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a system according to the invention
- FIG. 2a, b are each a schematic representation of a first part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a first part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a first part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a first part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a second part of FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a third part of FIG. 6
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a fourth part of the embodiment shown in Figure 6 of a system according to the invention, which has been expanded based on the part shown in Figure 4 ..;
- Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of another embodiment of a
- Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a system according to the invention.
- the system 100 includes a gas storage 110, a natural gas purification device 120, a liquefied gas production device 130, and an optional one
- the devices 120 and 130 included in the system 100 are each devices according to the second aspect of the present invention.
- natural gas is derived from the
- Gas storage 110 stored out.
- the natural gas to be spewed off is used by the
- liquid gas is subsequently generated by the device 130, whereby the purified natural gas is cooled by supplying cold [cooling of the purified natural gas], whereby the purified natural gas changes the state of aggregation from gaseous to liquid, whereby liquefied gas (LNG) is generated becomes.
- the liquid gas produced can optionally be stored or stored in a corresponding liquid gas storage.
- Natural gas, that was not used for the production of liquefied gas can be in a gas network (not shown in Fig. 1), with which the gas storage 110 is connected, are stored out.
- the natural gas not used to generate LPG may be re-stored in the gas storage 110. For this purpose, it may be necessary for the natural gas to be compressed for storage in the gas reservoir 110.
- Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment of a system according to the invention.
- the system 600 comprises - analogous to the system 100 according to FIG. 1 - a
- Gas storage 610 (in the present case a underground storage, which is designed as a cavern with a pressure of about 85 to 200 bar), a device for natural gas cleaning and natural gas drying 620, and a device for generating liquefied gas 630.
- the system 600 further comprises a device for preheating natural gas and pressure reduction 615, a storage 640 for storage of the generated liquefied gas, as well as a connection to a pipeline 650 of a gas network (eg a transport network). Prior to the withdrawal of natural gas into the pipeline 650 may optionally be a natural gas measurement from a corresponding device for
- Natural gas measurement 660 be performed.
- the apparatus for producing liquefied gas is comprised by the gas reservoir 610 in such a way that generation of liquefied gas can be carried out, in particular in the context of the withdrawal of natural gas stored in the gas storage 610.
- the present differential pressure which is used between the natural gas stored in the gas storage 610 and the required pressure of the natural gas for the withdrawal into the gas network or into the pipeline 650 of the gas network, via a
- the apparatus 630 for producing liquefied gas in the present case comprises five
- Heat Exchangers 630-1 through 630-5 a first Joule-Thompson Expansion 630-8, a second Joule-Thompson Expansion 630-9, a third Joule-Thompson Expansion 630-10, a chiller 630-6, and a compressor 630-6. 7
- the device for preheating 615 comprises a heat exchanger by means of which the natural gas withdrawn from the gas reservoir 610 is preheated. After preheating, a first Joule-Thompson expansion, wherein the natural gas is reduced in pressure, z. B. from 200 bar in the stored state in the gas storage 610 to about 85 bar after performing the Joule-Thompson expansion.
- the natural gas can be purified in the device 620 for natural gas purification.
- the natural gas (or the volume or mass flow of the natural gas) is split up, a first part of the natural gas being conducted to a heat exchanger 630-2 and a second part of the natural gas to a heat exchanger 630-1 become.
- the greater part of the mass flow (eg 75%) of the natural gas is present as the first part (to the heat exchanger 630-2), and the smaller part (eg 25%) as the second part (to the heat exchanger 630-1
- the second part of the natural gas is cooled by means of the heat exchanger 630-1, the natural gas condensing to a temperature after cooling.
- the refrigeration used by the heat exchanger 630-1 to cool the second portion of the split natural gas is based at least in part on the first portion of the split natural gas.
- the first part of the split natural gas is by means of the heat exchanger 630-2 and
- Natural gas measurement 660 be performed, for example, in the pipeline 650, since by energy required in the cooling by an expansion of the introduced into the heat exchangers 630-2, and 630-4 natural gas is related.
- the expansion means that the natural gas, for example, has a pressure of about 30 bar, so that it can be fed into the pipeline.
- FIG. 6 also shows the mass flow m passing through the system 600, which is initially generated by a pressure quantity control 615-3. As a result, there is a mass flow m at a constant pressure.
- the mass flow m passes through the natural gas purification plant 620, which in the present case also performs natural gas drying.
- This mass flow m is divided into the mass flows ml (about 25% of the total mass flow m) and 2 (about 75% of the total mass flow m).
- the mass flow m2 serves as the first cooling for ml.
- the mass flow 2 is pre-cooled by the heat exchangers 630-2 and 630-4 and brought to a low temperature by a refrigeration system.
- the subsequent natural gas expansion 630-9 uses the cooled natural gas to cool the mass flow ml in the heat exchanger 630-1. Thereafter, the mass flow m2 is further heated via the heat exchanger 630-2 and led to gas purification in order to be used as regeneration in the
- the mass flow ml cooled in the heat exchanger 630-1 condenses and divides into the mass flows m3 (about 15% of the total mass flow m) and m4 (about 10% of the total mass flow m).
- the mass flow m4 will continue down cooled by expansion 630-10 and serves for the second cooling of the mass flow m3.
- the mass flow m4 is mixed after heating in the heat exchanger 630-3, the BOG and heated via the heat exchanger 630-4 and by means of a
- Compressor brought to the required pipeline pressure. From there, the mass flow m4 is supplied to the gas network 650 via a natural gas measurement.
- the LNG can z.
- the BOG be used for CNG refueling.
- That part of the natural gas is further cooled by means of the refrigeration system 630-6, which obtains its energy for cooling, for example, from an external energy source (eg propylene).
- this is carried out by means of the heat exchanger 630-5, which is connected to the refrigeration system 630-6.
- This thus cooled natural gas is introduced after expansion in the heat exchanger 630-1, whereby, as already stated above, the second part of the divided natural gas can be cooled.
- Heat exchanger 630-1 has already passed through.
- the energy generated by this Joule-Thompson expansion 630-10 is utilized by the heat exchanger 630-3 to further cool the natural gas introduced into the heat exchanger 630-3.
- the natural gas is usually not quite the temperature required for the production of liquefied gas (LNG), so that a further Joule-Thompson expansion 630-8 of the natural gas this in temperature reduced so that subsequently liquefied gas is generated.
- This generated LPG may be stored in the LPG storage 640, for example.
- Liquid gas reservoir 640 produces boil-off gas, denoted by the abbreviation BOG in FIG. 6. As can be seen from FIG. 6, this BOG can continue to be used. In the present case, this can be done after passing through the compressor 630-7 into the pipeline 650 the gas network are initiated or fed.
- the produced liquefied gas is stored.
- This storage can take place, for example, in such a way that a truck or a suitably designed container transported by the lorry is used as storage. In this way, the produced liquefied gas (LNG) can be transported, e.g. B. for further use.
- the container used for transport must be tight and insulated.
- the container is
- a passive container which therefore in particular performs no active cooling of the stored liquefied gas. This enables in particular a flexible supply of various customer groups.
- LNG production liquefied gas
- the remaining approximately 15% (25% divided into 10% and 15%) of the natural gas are converted into liquefied petroleum gas. It is particularly advantageous that the quantities of natural gas used for refrigeration (eg about 85%) are not lost, but continue to be used can be stored, for example, after the cold production in the gas network. From there, the natural gas, for example, back into the gas storage, from the natural gas used to produce the liquefied gas
- FIGS. 2a to 5 correspond to the reference numerals used in FIG. It is understood that this is not limiting to the subject matter. All of the entities shown in Figures 2a to 5 and used by the respective systems according to Figures 2a to 5 (e.g.
- Preheating 615, natural gas cleaning and drying 620, liquefied gas production 630) may each be independent of one another according to FIGS. 2 a to 5 as well as of the entities of FIG. 6.
- the entities shown schematically in Figures 2a to 6 may be the same, for example, and not the same, respectively.
- FIG. 2a shows a schematic representation of a first part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. Fig. 2b shows the part of the system shown in Fig. 2a, with respect to Fig. 2a after the pressure reduction arranged a heat exchanger which uses at least a portion of the gas before the pressure reduction for the corresponding heat exchange.
- Aus Grande two pressure reductions are provided. The first one serves to generate a constant mass flow. After natural gas cleaning and drying, the second pressure reduction takes place, during which the expansion (expansion) causes cold.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a second part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. 6, which has been expanded on the basis of the part shown in FIG.
- the condensed mass flow is cooled and condensed (see FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a third part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. 6, which has been expanded on the basis of the part shown in FIG.
- the mass flow condensed through the second mass flow is then expanded by a fourth pressure reduction.
- the resulting cold of - 160 ° C is reached and LPG (LNG) can then be stored.
- the BOG can z. B. are used for CNG refueling or re-stored in the gas storage.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a fourth part of the embodiment of a system according to the invention shown in FIG. 6, which has been expanded on the basis of the part shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention.
- the flowchart 700 is performed and / or controlled by the devices 120 and 130 of FIG. 1
- a gas stored in a gas store (z, B. a gas storage formed as an underground storage, for example gas storage 110 according to FIG.
- liquefied gas is generated based on the purified natural gas.
- the generation of liquefied gas can be carried out and / or controlled, for example, by means of the apparatus for producing liquefied gas 130 according to FIG.
- the production of the liquefied gas takes place in the context of
- an expansion of the natural gas stored in the gas storage is required, wherein the natural gas stored in the gas storage is reduced in its pressure.
- this is used to use at least part of the natural gas stored in the gas storage to generate liquefied gas.
- the stored liquefied gases are stored: Storage of the liquefied gas in a separate store, which is for example covered by the gas storage Alternatively or additionally, the produced liquefied gas or at least a part of the produced liquefied gas can be stored in a container which is transportable a truck or train.
- a container which is transportable a truck or train.
- Embodiment encompassed feature - unless explicitly explained to the contrary in the present case not be understood that the feature for the function of the embodiment is essential or essential.
- the sequence of the method steps described in this specification in the individual flowcharts is not mandatory, alternative sequences of the method steps are conceivable.
- Process steps may be implemented in a variety of ways, such as implementation in software (by program instructions), hardware, or a combination of both to implement the method steps.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018101946.7A DE102018101946A1 (de) | 2018-01-29 | 2018-01-29 | Erzeugung von Flüssiggas in einem Gasspeicher |
PCT/EP2019/051269 WO2019145230A1 (de) | 2018-01-29 | 2019-01-18 | Erzeugung von flüssiggas in einem gasspeicher |
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EP3746725A1 true EP3746725A1 (de) | 2020-12-09 |
EP3746725B1 EP3746725B1 (de) | 2022-05-18 |
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EP19701598.5A Active EP3746725B1 (de) | 2018-01-29 | 2019-01-18 | Erzeugung von flüssiggas in einem gasspeicher |
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EP (1) | EP3746725B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102018101946A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK3746725T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019145230A1 (de) |
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DE102020123406A1 (de) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-10 | Ontras Gastransport Gmbh | Gasentspannungsanlage |
EP4450909A1 (de) * | 2023-04-21 | 2024-10-23 | Cryocollect | Verfahren zur verflüssigung eines gases |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3182461A (en) * | 1961-09-19 | 1965-05-11 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Natural gas liquefaction and separation |
US6085547A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2000-07-11 | Johnston; Richard P. | Simple method and apparatus for the partial conversion of natural gas to liquid natural gas |
US7231784B2 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2007-06-19 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method for producing liquefied natural gas |
FR2893627B1 (fr) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-12-28 | Total Sa | Procede pour l'ajustement du pouvoir calorifique superieur du gaz dans la chaine du gnl. |
US10288347B2 (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2019-05-14 | 1304338 Alberta Ltd. | Method of removing carbon dioxide during liquid natural gas production from natural gas at gas pressure letdown stations |
CN106766669B (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆耐德工业股份有限公司 | 一种用于高压射流天然气液化的脱烃工艺及其系统 |
-
2018
- 2018-01-29 DE DE102018101946.7A patent/DE102018101946A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-01-18 WO PCT/EP2019/051269 patent/WO2019145230A1/de active Search and Examination
- 2019-01-18 EP EP19701598.5A patent/EP3746725B1/de active Active
- 2019-01-18 DK DK19701598.5T patent/DK3746725T3/da active
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DK3746725T3 (da) | 2022-07-04 |
WO2019145230A1 (de) | 2019-08-01 |
DE102018101946A1 (de) | 2019-08-01 |
EP3746725B1 (de) | 2022-05-18 |
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