EP3741106B1 - Agencement permettant de régler une amplification - Google Patents

Agencement permettant de régler une amplification Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3741106B1
EP3741106B1 EP18901344.4A EP18901344A EP3741106B1 EP 3741106 B1 EP3741106 B1 EP 3741106B1 EP 18901344 A EP18901344 A EP 18901344A EP 3741106 B1 EP3741106 B1 EP 3741106B1
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Prior art keywords
amplifier
slope
upstream
gain
downstream
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3741106A1 (fr
EP3741106A4 (fr
Inventor
Sami Halen
Sami Kuusisto
Kari MÄKI
Anssi MÄKIRANTA
Matti SUSI
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Teleste Oyj
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Teleste Oyj
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2801—Broadband local area networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/10—Adaptations for transmission by electrical cable
    • H04N7/102—Circuits therefor, e.g. noise reducers, equalisers, amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6118—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6168—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/65—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems for broadcast
    • H04H20/76—Wired systems
    • H04H20/77—Wired systems using carrier waves
    • H04H20/78—CATV [Community Antenna Television] systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to cable television (CATV) networks, and especially to an arrangement for adjusting amplification.
  • CATV cable television
  • CATV networks may be implemented with various techniques and network topologies, but currently most cable television networks are implemented as so-called HFC networks (Hybrid Fiber Coax), i.e. as combinations of a fibre network and a coaxial cable network.
  • HFC networks Hybrid Fiber Coax
  • return path i.e. upstream
  • amplification parameters of the return path such as gain and slope
  • False return path adjustment causes poor upstream transmission performance and degrades the QoS of the cable modem system. While forward path is typically correctly adjusted by field personnel, return path adjustment is too often neglected as its effect on cable modem system QoS may not be directly visible during installation.
  • WO 2010/045552 discloses a house/apartment-specific device placed between a tap of a CATV network segment and a subscriber input of a house/apartment.
  • the device includes a return path and a forward path.
  • An upstream section including a variable signal level adjustment device is connected within the return path.
  • a downstream section including a forward coupler is connected within the forward path.
  • the device further includes at least one microprocessor connected electrically upstream the variable signal level adjustment device. The microprocessor reduces an amount of signal level adjustment applied to the return path in response to a reduction in a level of a downstream bandwidth at the forward coupler.
  • a network element of a cable television (CATV) network comprising a first input for downstream signal transmission; a plurality of components arranged to form a downstream signal path, wherein at least one of said components is a downstream amplifier; a second input for upstream signal transmission; a plurality of components arranged to form an upstream signal path, wherein at least one of said components is an upstream amplifier; means for inputting a control signal for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier; and means for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier, wherein said one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier are automatically calculated on the basis of the one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier,wherein said means for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier is arranged to continuously follow changes in values of the one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier; and re-adjust the one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier based on said changes.
  • CATV cable television
  • said amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier used as a basis for calculating said amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier are gain and slope of the downstream amplifier.
  • said means for adjusting the one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier is arranged to use one or more of the following parameters upon calculating said ambient factors:
  • the network element further comprises a plurality of diplex filters, each of the diplex filters comprising bandpass filters for different downstream and upstream frequency bands.
  • said means for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier comprises a control circuit configured to detect the values of the one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier and changes thereof and to adjust the one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier based on the detected values.
  • FIG. 1 shows the general structure of a typical HFC network.
  • Program services are introduced from the main amplifier 100 (a so-called headend) of the network via an optical fibre network 102 to a fibre node 104, which converts the optical signal to an electric signal to be relayed further in a coaxial cable network 106.
  • this coaxial cable segment typically comprises one or more broadband amplifiers 108, 110 for amplifying program service signals in a heavily attenuating coaxial media.
  • the cable network 112 of a smaller area such as a distribution network of an apartment building, which are typically implemented as coaxial tree or star networks comprising signal splitters for distributing the program service signals to each customer.
  • the cable network 112 such as the distribution network of an apartment, may further comprise a Network Interface Unit (NIU) arranged to divide downstream signals to appropriate home appliances.
  • the NIU may operate as a home amplifier. From a wall outlet the signal is further relayed either via a cable modem 114 to a television receiver 116 or a computer 118, or via a so-called set-top box 120 to a television receiver 122.
  • NIU Network Interface Unit
  • the HFC network may be implemented according to various standards.
  • the HFC networks have traditionally been implemented according to DVB-C (Digital Video Broadcasting - Cable) standard, but currently there is an on-going shift to more widely use the DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification) standard.
  • DVB-C Digital Video Broadcasting - Cable
  • DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
  • DOCSIS is a CATV standard providing specifications for high-bandwidth data transfer in an existing CATV system.
  • DOCSIS may be employed to provide Internet access over existing hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) infrastructure of cable television operators.
  • HFC hybrid fiber-coaxial
  • DOCSIS has been evolved through versions 1.0, 1.1, 2.0 and 3.0 to the latest version of 3.1.
  • the headend 100 of the CATV network comprises inputs for signals, such as TV signals and IP signals, a television signal modulator and a cable modem termination system (CMTS).
  • CMTS provides high-speed data services to customers thorough cable modems (CM; 114) locating in homes.
  • CM cable modems
  • the CMTS forms the interface to the IP-based network over the Internet. It modulates the data from the Internet for downstream transmission to homes and receives the upstream data from homes.
  • the CMTS additionally manages the load balancing, error correction parameters and the class of service (CoS).
  • Signals from the headend 100 are distributed optically (fiber network 102) to within the vicinity of individual homes, where the optical signals are converted to electrical signals at the terminating points 104.
  • the electrical signals are then distributed to the various homes via the existing 75 ohm coaxial cables 106.
  • the maximum data transfer of the coaxial cables is limited due to strong frequency-based attenuation.
  • the electrical signals transmitted over coaxial cables must be amplified.
  • the amplifiers 108, 110 used for this purpose are suited to a specific frequency range.
  • the upstream and downstream must occur over the same physical connection.
  • the last part 112 of the coaxial connection between the CMTS and the CMs branches off in a star or a tree structure.
  • a CMTS transmits the same data to all CMs located along the same section of cable (one-to-many communications).
  • a request/grant mechanism exists between the CMTS and the CMs, meaning that a CM needing to transmit data must first send a request to the CMTS, after which it can transmit at the time assigned to it.
  • the operational principle of the RF amplifiers is similar in that sense that they must be capable of two-way transmission and amplification of both downstream and upstream (a.k.a. forward path and return path) signals.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified block chart of downstream and upstream signal paths in a typical RF amplifier used in HFC network.
  • the amplifier 200 comprises a first input/output port 202, which operates as an input for the downstream (forward) signals originating from the headend or the CMTS and an output for the upstream (return) signals originating from the customer devices.
  • the amplifier 200 further comprises a second input/output port 204, which operates as an output for the downstream (forward) signals originating from the headend or the CMTS and an input for the upstream (return) signals originating from the customer devices.
  • the downstream and upstream signals have their own signal routes 206a, 206b travelling at least partly through different components, including attenuators, signal inclination controllers, amplifiers, etc.
  • the first input/output port 202 and the downstream signals originating from the headend or the CMTS there is at least one diplex filter 208 for directing the downstream and upstream signals to/from their own frequency bands.
  • the second input/output port 204 and the upstream signals originating from the customer devices there is at least one diplex filter 210 for directing the upstream and downstream signals to/from their own frequency bands.
  • the RF amplifier of Figure 2 further comprises a control circuit 212 for obtaining control signals for adjusting the amplification parameters of the downstream and upstream amplifier units.
  • control signals are supplied manually by a technician, either using a user interface of the RF amplifier or by connecting an external device to the RF amplifier.
  • return path (i.e. upstream) adjustment of a wideband amplifier is a challenging task and a common source of adjustment errors.
  • the return path adjustment of an HFC amplifier requires skill, tools and knowledge.
  • amplification parameters of the return path such as gain and slope, have been hand-adjusted by a service technician. Manual adjustment of return path might cause adjustment error or return path might be left totally unadjusted. False return path adjustment causes poor upstream transmission performance and degrades the cable modem system's Quality of Service. While forward path is typically correctly adjusted by field personnel, return path adjustment is too often neglected as its effect on cable modem system QoS may not be directly visible during installation.
  • a network element of a cable television (CATV) network comprising a first input for downstream signal transmission; a plurality of components arranged to form a downstream signal path, wherein at least one of said components is a downstream amplifier; a second input for upstream signal transmission; a plurality of components arranged to form an upstream signal path, wherein at least one of said components is an upstream amplifier; means for inputting a control signal for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier; and means for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier, wherein said one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier are automatically calculated on the basis of the one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier.
  • CATV cable television
  • the implementation of the network element is based on an observation that the amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier can be adjusted on a sufficiently good level on the basis of the amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier.
  • it is not necessary to manually adjust the amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier but it suffices to adjust only the amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier. It is nevertheless noted that this does not preclude the option that the technician may continue adjusting manually the values of the amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier, for example fine tuning the values based on his/her skills and experience.
  • said means for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier is arranged to continuously follow changes in values of the one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier, and to re-adjust the one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier based on said changes.
  • the continuous adjustment guarantees that return path will not be badly misadjusted even if the technician deliberately chooses not to adjust it or simply forgets the adjustment.
  • said amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier used as a basis for calculating said amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier are gain and slope of the downstream amplifier.
  • the gain and slope of the return path may be continuously adjusted, for example, by an algorithm running in a control circuit, such as in an embedded microcontroller.
  • the algorithm may calculate the return path gain and slope control values using the forward path gain and slope value as a basis.
  • the above equations (1) and (2) provide the general form for the algorithm that may be used for calculating the return path gain and slope control values using the forward path gain and slope value as a basis and applying appropriate weights for the forward path gain and slope value.
  • one or more ambient factors may also be taken into consideration when calculating the return path gain and slope control values.
  • said means for adjusting the one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier is arranged to use one or more of the following parameters upon calculating said amplification parameters:
  • the above described ambient factors C and F may be approximated by using one or more of the above parameters.
  • the applicability of the above parameters depends on various operation and installation conditions.
  • the operating temperature of the network element may preferably be considered, for example, when the ambient temperature upon installation of the network element is significantly different (hotter/cooler) than the average operating temperature of the network element. In such situation it may be assumed that the temperate difference in underground cables is less significant, and therefore a compensation factor may be applied.
  • the application-specific correction values may be applicable, for example, depending on whether the amplifier is used as a distribution amplifier or a trunk line amplifier.
  • the downstream amplification parameters are typically on a higher level than in a trunk line amplifier. Thus, a part of the downstream gain may be neglected upon adjusting the upstream amplification parameters.
  • the technician carrying out the installation may also manually provide adjusting factors for adjusting the amplifier to comply with a typical frequency response of the HFC network.
  • the network element may comprise a plurality of plug-in modules, each of which providing a different level attenuation on the downstream and/or upstream path. This effect may preferably be taken into consideration, as well.
  • the information about whether a power save mode is used in the amplifier provides also the information whether the amplifier is used as a distribution amplifier or a trunk line amplifier.
  • the power save mode is typically not used, and this is preferably taken into consideration upon adjusting the upstream amplification parameters.
  • gain US gain DS ⁇ B * slope DS
  • gain(DS) and slope(DS) are the gain and slope of the downstream amplifier
  • B is a constant depending on a frequency band of the upstream signal path.
  • constant A 1.
  • constant C 0.
  • the return path gain may be calculated on the basis of the forward path gain and the forward path slope weighted with an appropriate first constant.
  • the return path slope may be calculated on the basis of the forward path slope weighted with an appropriate second constant.
  • the network element further comprises a plurality of diplex filters, each of the diplex filters comprising bandpass filters for different downstream and upstream frequency bands.
  • the network element may be used for various frequency band configurations, thereby for example anticipating an introduction of DOCSIS 3.1 whereupon the frequency ranges and the bandwidth of the downstream and upstream communication channels are adjusted to higher levels.
  • the network element may comprise a switch for connecting the selected diplex filter so as to control the usage of desired downstream and upstream frequency bands. Upon changes in the downstream and upstream frequency bands, the above weights A, B, C and D naturally change accordingly.
  • said means for adjusting one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier comprises a control circuit configured to detect the values of the one or more amplification parameters of the downstream amplifier and changes thereof and to adjust the one or more amplification parameters of the upstream amplifier based on the detected values.
  • the control circuit may be implemented for example as a FPGA or an ASIC and it may comprise a processor for executing various tasks.
  • the control circuit may be configured to detect the values of the gain and slope of the downstream amplifier and their changes and to adjust the gain and slope of the upstream amplifier based on the detected values.
  • the control circuit may further be configured to detect other parameters of the network element, for example the parameters mentioned above, and use one or more said parameters upon calculating the gain and slope of the upstream amplifier.
  • Figure 3 shows a simplified block chart for illustrating the embodiments.
  • Figure 3 shows a simplified block chart of a two-way wideband amplifier 300 comprising diplex filters 310,320 configured to route the return and the forward path signals to their respective signal paths within the amplifier.
  • the amplifier comprises means 360 for inputting a control signal for adjusting the amplification parameters of the forward path amplifier, such as a user interface, for example push buttons, implemented within the amplifier.
  • the control signal may also be supplied using an external device, such as a mobile device or laptop, connected to the amplifier.
  • the user such as a technician, may adjust the forward path amplification parameters by using said means 360 for inputting a control signal.
  • a control circuit 350 receives the supplied control signals and adjusts one or more amplification parameters, such as gain and slope, of the forward path amplifier 330 accordingly. Simultaneously the control circuit 350 calculates values for one or more amplification parameters, such as gain and slope, of the return path on the basis of the values of the forward path amplification parameters and adjusts one or more amplification parameters, such as gain and slope, of the forward path amplifier 340 accordingly.
  • the various embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits or any combination thereof. While various embodiments may be illustrated and described as block diagrams or using some other pictorial representation, it is well understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
  • the implementation may include a computer readable storage medium stored with code thereon for use by an apparatus, such as the network element, which when executed by a processor, causes the apparatus to perform the various embodiments or a subset of them.
  • the implementation may include a computer program embodied on a non-transitory computer readable medium, the computer program comprising instructions causing, when executed on at least one processor, at least one apparatus to apparatus to perform the various embodiments or a subset of them.
  • an apparatus may comprise circuitry and electronics for handling, receiving and transmitting data, computer program code in a memory, and a processor that, when running the computer program code, causes the apparatus to carry out the features of an embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Élément de réseau (200 ; 300) d'un réseau de télévision par câble (CATV), ledit élément de réseau comprenant
    une première entrée (202) pour une transmission de signal aval ;
    une pluralité de composants (206c) agencés pour former un chemin de signal aval, dans lequel au moins l'un desdits composants est un amplificateur aval (330) ; une seconde entrée (204) pour une transmission de signal amont ;
    une pluralité de composants (206d) agencés pour former un chemin de signal amont, dans lequel au moins l'un desdits composants est un amplificateur amont (340) ; un moyen (360) d'entrée d'un signal de commande pour régler un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur aval ; et
    un moyen (350) de réglage d'un ou de plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont, dans lequel lesdits un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont sont automatiquement calculés sur la base des un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur aval ;
    caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen (350) de réglage d'un ou de plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont est agencé pour
    suivre en continu les changement de valeurs des un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur aval ; et
    régler de nouveau les un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont sur la base desdits changements.
  2. Élément de réseau selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdits paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur aval utilisés comme base pour le calcul desdits paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont sont le gain et la pente de l'amplificateur aval.
  3. Élément de réseau selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le gain de l'amplificateur amont est calculé selon gain US = A * gain DS + B * pente DS + C
    Figure imgb0016
     où gain(DS) et pente (DS) sont le gain et la pente de l'amplificateur aval (chemin direct) et A et B sont des constantes dépendant d'une bande de fréquence du chemin de signal amont et C fait référence à un ou plusieurs facteurs ambiants.
  4. Élément de réseau selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la pente de l'amplificateur amont est calculée selon pente US = D * gain DS + E * pente DS + F
    Figure imgb0017
     où gain(DS) et pente (DS) sont le gain et la pente de l'amplificateur aval et D et E sont des constantes dépendant d'une bande de fréquence du chemin de signal amont et F fait référence à un ou plusieurs facteurs ambiants.
  5. Élément de réseau selon les revendications 3 ou 4, dans lequel ledit moyen (350) de réglage des un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont est agencé pour utiliser un ou plusieurs des paramètres suivants lors du calcul desdits facteurs ambiants :
    - la température de fonctionnement de l'élément de réseau ;
    - les valeurs de correction spécifiques à l'application ;
    - le type de modules enfichables utilisés dans l'élément de réseau ;
    - les informations sur l'utilisation d'un mode d'économie d'énergie.
  6. Élément de réseau selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel le gain de l'amplificateur amont est calculé selon gain US = gain DS − B * pente DS , où
    Figure imgb0018
     gain(DS) et pente(DS) sont le gain et la pente de l'amplificateur aval et B est une constante dépendant d'une bande de fréquence du chemin de signal amont.
  7. Élément de réseau selon la revendication 2 ou 4, dans lequel la pente de l'amplificateur amont est calculée selon pente US = D * pente DS , où
    Figure imgb0019
     pente(DS) est la pente de l'amplificateur aval et D est une constante dépendant d'une bande de fréquence du chemin de signal amont.
  8. Élément de réseau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, comprenant en outre une pluralité de filtres diplex (310, 320), chacun des filtres diplex comprenant des filtres passe-bande pour différentes bandes de fréquences aval et amont.
  9. Élément de réseau selon une quelconque revendication précédente, dans lequel ledit moyen (350) de réglage d'un ou de plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont comprend un circuit de commande configuré pour détecter les valeurs des un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur aval et leurs changements et pour régler les un ou plusieurs paramètres d'amplification de l'amplificateur amont sur la base des valeurs détectées.
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EP3741106A1 (fr) 2020-11-25
US20200374484A1 (en) 2020-11-26
CA3087491A1 (fr) 2019-07-25
EP3741106A4 (fr) 2020-12-30
US11297280B2 (en) 2022-04-05
WO2019141893A1 (fr) 2019-07-25

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