EP3730893B1 - Support unit for supporting a breech unit and a barrel of a firearm, in particular a sports weapon - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to storage units or a storage device for storing a breech unit and a barrel of a firearm, preferably a sports gun, in particular a small-caliber sports gun.

From the state of the art, for example the utility model DE 88 10 440 U1 a small caliber rifle is known. In this rimfire rifle, the breech block is attached and mounted on the stock by two screws. The barrel of the rifle is accommodated in a bore at the barrel-side end of the breech unit and is thus also fastened and supported on the stock by the two screws.

This known, frequently used fastening and mounting of the breech unit and the barrel on the stock is disadvantageous, since the barrel can vibrate or bend when a shot is fired, particularly in the area near the muzzle, which reduces the aiming accuracy.

The patent application U.S. 2017/0314890 A1 discloses a firearm with barrel centering, wherein a fastening device is arranged on the back of a receptacle for the breech, which is provided for connection to a tongue of the breech. A lateral adjuster in front of the mounting means is adapted to pivot the breech at a selected lateral pivoting angle about the mounting member such that the barrel is centerable within the barrel channel to avoid the barrel touching the stock. The lateral adjustment includes an adjustment screw having an axis parallel to the bottom surface of the latch receiver.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a firearm, in particular a sports gun, with which the disadvantages mentioned are at least reduced and the aiming accuracy improved. In particular, a bearing and attachment for the breech unit on the stock should be created, particularly preferably as part of a bearing device for the barrel and breech unit, with which a noticeable reduction in bending and vibration of the barrel during a shot is achieved and thus an increase in aiming accuracy.

This object is achieved by a firearm, in particular a sports gun, having the features of claim 1. Particularly advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The firearm, in particular a sports gun, comprises: a stock with a fore-end, which extends along a barrel, and a rear stock for putting on the firearm, a breech block mounted and fastened to the stock, which has a barrel end, a rear end opposite the barrel end end and two opposite side walls which connect the barrel end and the rear end with one another, a loading opening for a cartridge being provided in at least one side wall, and a barrel, the barrel having a breech-side end in a cylindrical bore at the barrel-side end of the shutter unit. Furthermore, a first bearing unit is provided for mounting the breech unit and the barrel on the stock, the first bearing unit comprising a first bearing element at the rear end of the breech unit and a second bearing element.

The first bearing unit advantageously enables an alternative, stress-free mounting and fastening of the breech unit on the stock, which, in particular together with a second bearing unit described below, forms a bearing device for the barrel and breech unit, with which a noticeable reduction in bending and vibration of the barrel achieved during a shot is fired.

According to one embodiment, a firearm, in particular a sports gun, is provided, which comprises: a stock with a fore-end that extends along a barrel and a stock for putting on the firearm, a breech block mounted and fastened to the stock, which has a barrel-side end and a rear end opposite the barrel end, and a barrel, the barrel being received at a breech end in a cylindrical bore at the barrel end of the breech unit. The breech unit has, in particular axially with respect to a longitudinal axis along which the barrel and/or the breech unit extend, a receiving space adjacent to the cylindrical bore, which extends in the direction of the rear end of the breech unit. The accommodating space is connected to the cylindrical bore through a communication port, and has a loading port on two opposite sides of the bolt unit or bolt body (between the barrel end and the rear end), respectively. In which A trough-shaped guide rail is rotatably mounted in the receiving space in such a way that at least a section of the trough-shaped guide rail protrudes from one of the two loading openings of the receiving space by pivoting, so that a cartridge can be placed on the trough-shaped guide rail, and by pivoting the guide rail back, this is in line with the connection opening can be brought (so that the guide rail and the connection opening are aligned), so that the cartridge placed on the channel-shaped guide rail can be pushed into a cartridge chamber by a slide guided on the channel-shaped guide rail, the cartridge chamber being opened by the breech-side end of the barrel, which is in the cylindrical Bore is received at the running end of the closure unit is formed.

This exemplary embodiment allows the shooter to reload in an advantageous manner without changing (even slightly) his shooting position or the position of the weapon.

A shoulder cap and/or a cheek piece element is/are preferably arranged on the rear stock, which is/are each movable, adjustable and/or displaceable relative to the stock.

The closure unit is preferably block-shaped or essentially cuboid-shaped. Preferably, the closure unit comprises a closure body extending between the running end and the rear end. The closure unit or the block-shaped or essentially cuboid-shaped closure body preferably has at least two side walls lying opposite one another or four outer walls, of which two are situated opposite one another. The four outer walls are formed, for example, by the two side walls, a bottom side close to the shaft and an opposite top side remote from the shaft. Preferably, the cylindrical bore at the upstream end of the breech unit is formed in the breech body. The cylindrical bore preferably has an opening at the barrel-side end of the breech unit, through which the breech-side end of the barrel can be inserted into the bore.

According to the invention, the first bearing unit is formed on the rear end of the closure unit and a shaft section adjoining the rear end, with the first bearing element on the rear end of the closure unit and the second bearing element are provided on the subsequent shaft portion.

The shaft section adjoining the rear end of the closure unit, on which the second bearing element of the first bearing unit is arranged, is formed in particular by a widening or an extension of the shaft adjoining the closure unit. This shaft section preferably covers and/or surrounds and/or contacts at least one section of the closure unit, in particular the rear end of the closure unit. This shaft section preferably extends transversely or essentially at right angles to the longitudinal axis along which the barrel and/or the breech unit extend. The stock section is preferably designed as part of the fore-end, in particular as an end facing away from a muzzle-side end of the stock. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the stock section to be designed as part of the rear stock.

The first bearing element and the second bearing element preferably engage in one another, as a result of which a particularly resilient and reliable bearing and fastening of the closure unit on the shaft is advantageously achieved. The first bearing element and the second bearing element are preferably three-dimensional (as a three-dimensional body). The first bearing element and the second bearing element are preferably designed to be geometrically complementary. The first bearing element and the second bearing element are preferably designed as a projection or extension and a complementary or geometrically matching socket or recess.

Particularly preferably, one of the two bearing elements is designed as a hemisphere or hemispherical element (without a spherical cap due to a bore, which will be described below, which penetrates the hemisphere) and the other of the two bearing elements is designed as a complementary spherical shell. In particular, one of the two bearing elements is designed as a convex spherical cap-shaped element and the other of the two bearing elements as a complementary, ie concave, spherical cap shell, which advantageously simplifies the attachment and assembly of the closure unit on the shaft section. However, a large number of other three-dimensional and geometrically complementary shapes for the first bearing element and the second bearing element are also possible, for example generally any convex and concave shape or a spherical or dome-shaped or cube-shaped or cuboid shape of projection or receptacle.

At least part of the first bearing element or the entire first bearing element is preferably formed in one piece with the closure unit. This advantageously facilitates the assembly of the first bearing unit. However, it is also conceivable that at least part of the first bearing element is designed as a separate component that can be connected to the closure unit.

A damping material is preferably provided between the first bearing element and the second bearing element, as a result of which the recoil and/or vibrations when the shot is fired are advantageously damped. The damping material includes in particular a plastic material. The damping material is particularly preferably designed to be geometrically complementary to the first and/or second bearing element, e.g. as a spherical socket.

Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable for the first and second bearing element of the first bearing unit to (directly) contact one another. In this case, the first and second bearing elements are particularly preferably formed by damping material.

The barrel and the breech unit preferably extend along a (common) longitudinal axis, with the first bearing element and the second bearing element being arranged axially along the longitudinal axis. In this way, the closure unit can advantageously be fastened to the shaft section in a particularly simple manner. Particularly preferably, the two bearing elements or at least those sections of the two bearing elements that do not mesh are arranged essentially axially one after the other. In particular, the shaft section adjoining the closure unit is arranged in such a way that the longitudinal axis passes through it.

The second bearing element is preferably formed in one piece with the shaft, in particular if the second bearing element is arranged on the shaft section which adjoins the rear end of the closure unit. A one-piece design advantageously facilitates the assembly of the closure unit on the shaft.

Alternatively, at least part of the second bearing element is designed as a separate component that can be connected to the shaft. This advantageously facilitates the production of the second bearing element. The second bearing element, which is designed as a separate component, comprises, for example, the three-dimensional body or the shaped element which is designed to engage with the first bearing element, and preferably one Base, for example a plate-shaped base, on which the three-dimensional body or the shape element is provided. For example, the recess or spherical cup is formed in the base, or a protrusion of the second bearing member rises from the base.

A fastening device is preferably provided on the first bearing unit in order to fasten the breech unit (and the barrel) to the stock. In particular, the fastening device is also intended to connect the first and/or second bearing element to the shaft and/or the closure unit if the first or second bearing element are designed as separate components, as described above. By providing the fastening device, the closure unit can advantageously be fastened to the shaft without tension and without bending. The fastening device is particularly preferably provided on the closure unit and on a shaft section which is connected thereto or is adjacent to or is opposite.

Preferably, the fastening device comprises a bore that passes through the first bearing unit. The bore thus preferably extends at least into or through one of the following elements: the first bearing element, the second bearing element, the rear end of the closure unit, the side walls of the closure unit, the shaft section on which the second bearing element is provided, the damping material. A fastening or connecting element is preferably accommodated in the bore, which fastens the breech unit (with the barrel) and the stock or stock section to one another. The bore is particularly preferably designed as a threaded bore and the fastening or connecting element is designed as a threaded pin which is screwed into the threaded bore.

An anti-twist device is preferably provided, which is designed to prevent rotation of the closure unit relative to the shaft, in particular when the closure unit is fastened to the shaft by means of the fastening device described above. The anti-twist device particularly preferably comprises a first bore in the shank and a second bore in the closure unit, which are arranged in a line, with an anti-twist device, for example a pin, being accommodated in the two bores. The first bore in the shaft has, in particular, an opening on the underside of the shaft (on which the trigger or grip of the firearm is arranged), through which the anti-twist device or pin can be inserted into the two bores. The second bore in the closure unit preferably has an opening on the underside near the shaft. The second bore in the closure unit is preferably arranged in the closure body and/or in the first bearing element.

According to the invention, the second storage unit for storing the barrel is at a distance from the breech unit and/or the first storage unit. The second bearing unit advantageously brings about a further reduction in the vibrations of the barrel when a shot is fired. The second bearing unit is preferably provided at or near the free end of the stock and/or at a section of the barrel near the muzzle. In particular, as described in detail below, the second bearing unit has a fastening device to fasten or clamp the second bearing unit to the shank, either at one of several selectable positions or at a fixed position defined by a receiving space of the shank is.

The second bearing unit is accommodated, for example, in a receiving space of the shank, which advantageously ensures a particularly reliable and secure attachment of the second bearing unit to the shank. The receiving space is formed in particular by a section of the shank with a closed peripheral wall and/or inner wall and a through bore, while other sections of the shank have an exemption, i.e. do not have a closed peripheral wall. At the ends, the receiving space or the through bore preferably has two openings which are arranged axially along the longitudinal axis of the barrel. The through hole is preferably designed as a hollow cylinder. The receiving space or the through hole is in particular penetrated by the barrel. The receiving space is preferably arranged at the free or front end of the stock or fore-end.

The second bearing unit preferably has a bearing shell with a cylindrical inner bore in which the barrel can be mounted. The bearing shell brings about particularly reliable mounting and damping in an advantageous manner. The bearing shell preferably surrounds the barrel around its entire circumference. The bearing shell preferably consists of a plurality of bearing shell parts, in particular two half-bearing shells, which can be joined together to form the bearing shell. This facilitates assembly of the second bearing unit. The bearing shell is preferably made of plastic in order to bring about particularly good damping, in particular of the vibrations during firing. The outside of the bearing shell is preferably rounded or designed in the shape of a spherical segment.

Preferably, the second bearing unit comprises a fastening device which fastens or clamps the bearing shell to the shaft, particularly preferably in a receiving space of the shaft, which in particular, as described above, comprises a closed peripheral wall and a through hole, whereby the (damping) bearing shell is particularly reliably attached attached to the shaft. The fastening device is preferably designed in several parts. The fastening device comprises, for example, one or more receiving elements, in the interior of which the bearing shell is received. The inner wall of the interior is preferably formed complementary to the outside of the bearing shell, for example rounded or in the shape of a spherical segment, so that the bearing shell is mounted or clamped at least approximately without a gap in the interior of the receptacle.

The fastening device preferably also has a thread which engages in the receiving space of the shaft in order to secure the second bearing unit and/or the bearing shell on the shaft, i.e. to be fixed in the receiving space of the shaft. The fastening device is thus screwed into the receiving space of the shaft through the thread. The thread is provided, for example, on one of the receiving elements for the bearing shell described above, for example on the outside of the receiving element. The shank, in particular its receiving space, preferably comprises a further thread, into which the thread of the fastening device engages.

The fastening device preferably comprises a lock nut, which has a thread, in particular on the outer circumference, in order to engage in the receiving space of the shank. The lock nut advantageously secures the second bearing unit and/or the bearing shell and/or the at least one receiving element of the fastening device before it is released from the receiving space.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the second bearing unit, in particular the multi-part fastening device, can be selectively fastened to different positions on the shaft. A flexible barrel mounting is thus possible in an advantageous manner, which can be adjusted to the preferences of a shooter and/or to different barrel lengths. For this purpose, several openings are preferably provided on the shaft, in particular along the central or longitudinal axis of the shaft, through which one or more pins or screws protrude in order to fasten the bearing shell and the receiving elements of the fastening device to the shaft. The multiple openings are designed as elongated holes, for example.

The openings or elongated holes are particularly preferably arranged on opposite side walls of the stock, between which the barrel extends. Particularly preferably, one opening in each case on one side wall is opposite a further opening on the other side wall, so that two opposite openings in each case form a pair of openings and thus a fastening position for the second bearing unit. Two or more than two, for example between three and ten pairs of openings are particularly preferably provided on the shaft. The pins or screws particularly preferably pass through the openings in the side walls and the receiving elements of the fastening device (but in particular not the bearing shell) in order to fasten the second bearing unit to the shaft.

Alternatively or additionally, the one or more openings are provided on an underside of the stock, which connects side walls of the stock between which the barrel extends. The pins or screws particularly preferably pass through the openings in the underside and the receiving elements of the fastening device (but in particular not the bearing shell) in order to fasten the second bearing unit to the shaft.

The first storage unit and the second storage unit preferably form a storage device or a storage system for storing the breech unit and the barrel received in the breech unit with its breech-side end. The bolt unit and the barrel are only through this storage system, i.e. the first and the second bearing unit are mounted and/or fastened to the stock, while there is a distance between the stock and the breech unit or the barrel at those sections where no first or second bearing unit is provided.

A firing pin is preferably accommodated in the breech slide of the breech unit. The firing pin can thus be moved in an advantageous manner with the breech slide and can therefore be brought particularly close to the cartridge chamber and/or a cartridge received therein.

An axis of rotation for the channel-shaped guide rail is preferably provided in the receiving space of the locking unit, in particular on an inside of the underside (near the shaft) of the locking body, about which axis the channel-shaped guide rail can be rotated, as already described above. Preferably the Axis of rotation formed by a cylindrical extension or stub, which is received in particular in a bore of the channel-shaped guide rail.

Preferably, at least one movable locking element is provided and/or fastened to the locking carriage, which can be moved between a locking position and an unlocking position by an actuating element. In the locking position, the breech slide is arranged in a fixed position on the connection opening, so that the firing pin is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the cartridge chamber and/or a cartridge received therein, and in the unlocked position the breech slide can be displaced on the channel-shaped guide rail. Thus, in the locking position, the locking slide is advantageously immovably fixed by the at least one locking element and, in particular, cannot be displaced on the channel-shaped guide rail or relative to the locking body. Two movable locking elements are particularly preferably provided, which in particular can be moved together by a (single) actuating element.

The at least one movable locking element is in particular rotatably fastened to the shutter carriage, for example by a pin which forms an axis of rotation for the at least one movable locking element. The locking slide preferably has an opening or an opening through which at least part of the at least one movable locking element protrudes, in particular in the locking position. The at least one movable locking element is preferably arranged inside or in an interior space of the shutter carriage. The at least one movable locking element can preferably be moved, in particular rotated, relative to the closure carriage and/or relative to the closure body and/or relative to the guide rail.

In the locked position, i.e. in the fixed position, the locking carriage preferably borders directly on the connection opening and/or the peripheral wall of the connection opening and/or the cylindrical bore of the locking unit or contacts at least one of these elements. In the locking position, the locking slide is preferably positioned at the free front end of the channel-shaped guide rail.

The locking carriage and/or the adjusting element preferably has/have a guide in or on their bodies, in which the channel-shaped guide rail can be smoothly picked up. The guide is designed in particular as a recess in that in which the channel-shaped guide rail can be accommodated. In particular, the guide has a shape complementary to the channel-shaped, curved guide rail.

The at least one movable locking element provided on the shutter slide preferably has a locking arm which, in the locking position, engages in a receptacle or a recess of the receptacle space. In particular, a locking lug is provided on the locking arm, which in the locking position engages in the receptacle or the recess or engages behind it(s). A particularly reliable fixing of the shutter carriage is thus possible in an advantageous manner. The locking lug is preferably round or oval and engages in a corresponding shape of the closure sleeve.

Preferably, the receptacle or the recess is provided on an inner wall of the receptacle space or closure body, in particular on an inner wall extending along the longitudinal axis, particularly preferably on the inner wall of the upper side (distant from the shaft) of the closure body. The inner wall with the receptacle or the recess preferably lies opposite that inner wall of the receptacle space of the closure unit on which the channel-shaped guide rail is mounted and/or on which the axis of rotation for the channel-shaped guide rail is arranged. Preferably, the socket or the recess is located near the connection opening which connects the receiving space with the cylindrical bore.

The actuating element preferably comprises a sliding element which can be displaced relative to the at least one movable locking element in order to move the at least one movable locking element (from the unlocked position) into the locked position or to release it (from the locked position) into the unlocked position. As a result, it is advantageously possible for the marksman to move the at least one movable locking element without having to leave the shooting position. The sliding element is preferably displaceable relative to the closure carriage and/or the channel-shaped guide rail and/or the closure body. The sliding element is preferably slidably mounted on a guide, for example a guide strip of the shutter carriage.

The at least one movable locking element preferably has an extension pointing in the direction of the sliding element, which in particular has an oblique level is provided. By sliding the sliding element relative to the at least one movable locking element and in the direction of the extension, the sliding element displaces the extension and/or supports it on one of its outer surfaces, as a result of which the at least one movable locking element assumes the locking position and in particular the locking lug into the receptacle on the Inner wall of the receiving space engages. By sliding the sliding element relative to the at least one movable locking element in the opposite direction, the sliding element moves away from the extension and/or does not support it and, through the sliding, releases a space into which the extension of the at least one movable locking element can return, whereby the at least one movable locking element moves into the unlocked position and in particular the locking lug leaves the receptacle on the inner wall of the receptacle space.

The actuating element preferably comprises a grip element, for example a rod-shaped or rod-shaped grip, for moving or displacing the sliding element, which advantageously simplifies the actuation of the actuating element. At least part of the grip element is preferably accommodated and/or mounted in the receiving space of the bolt unit or the bolt body and/or in the bolt slide. At least part of the handle element, for example a free end, preferably protrudes from the locking unit, in particular through the loading opening of the receiving space. The locking and unlocking of the breech is preferably carried out in the direction of travel, so that the shooter advantageously does not twist the rifle when locking.

Preferably, the handle element is rotatably mounted relative to a body or frame of the shutter carriage and/or to the sliding element and/or to the at least one movable locking element. An axis of rotation about which the handle element can be rotated is preferably arranged in the locking carriage. Preferably, the axis of rotation is constituted by a cylindrical pin or stub, notably housed in the body or frame of the shutter carriage. The axis of rotation, in particular the pin, is preferably formed in one piece with the grip element. A driver element, for example a cam, is preferably provided on the handle element, which can be rotated or rotated together with the handle element and interacts with the sliding element, for example engaging in a driver recess, causing the movement or displacement of the sliding element.

Alternatively, the actuating element comprises a rotary element which can be rotated relative to the at least one movable locking element in order to move the at least one movable locking element (from the unlocked position) into the locked position or to release it (from the locked position) into the unlocked position. This control element advantageously has a particularly simple structure with a small number of components.

Preferably, the rotary element has a rotary axis and at least one cam eccentrically arranged thereon, which is in operative connection with the at least one movable locking element. In particular, the cam contacts the at least one movable locking element. By rotating the axis of rotation and the at least one eccentrically arranged cam relative to the at least one movable locking element (or to the shutter carriage), this is moved into the locking position or released into the unlocking position.

The axis of rotation is preferably designed as a rod or pin. The axis of rotation is preferably rotatably mounted in a bore of the shutter slide. At least part of the axis of rotation, for example a free end, preferably protrudes from the breech unit, in particular through the loading opening of the receiving space, in order to facilitate gripping and actuation by the shooter. The cam is preferably arranged in a slot bore of the at least one movable locking element. Two movable locking elements are preferably fastened to the breech slide, with two cams being provided on the axis of rotation and one cam being accommodated in each slot in one of the two movable locking elements.

• Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schusswaffe, insbesondere eine Sportwaffe mit einer ersten Lagereinheit, zweiten Lagereinheit und einer Verschlusseinheit.
• Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Verschlusseinheit und ein erste Lagereinheit zur Lagerung der Verschlusseinheit an dem Schaft.
• Fig. 3 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine zweite Lagereinheit zur Lagerung des Laufs.
• Fig. 4 zeigt den Aufbau der zweiten Lageeinheit der Figur 3 in einer Explosionsansicht.
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine Verschlusseinheit mit verschwenktem Verschlussschlitten.
• Fig. 6 zeigt den Aufbau der Verschlusseinheit in einer Explosionsansicht.
• Fig. 7 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung einer Verschlusseinheit mit einem Schiebeelement zum Ver- und Entriegeln des Verschlussschlittens, wobei sich der Verschlussschlitten in der Entriegelungsstellung befindet.
• Fig. 8 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung der Verschlusseinheit der Figur 7, wobei sich der Verschlussschlitten in der Verriegelungsstellung befindet.
• Fig. 9 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung einer Verschlusseinheit mit einem Drehelement zum Ver- und Entriegeln des Verschlussschlittens, wobei sich der Verschlussschlitten in der Entriegelungsstellung befindet.
• Fig. 10A zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform einer zweiten Lagereinheit zur Lagerung des Laufs, wobei die zweite Lagereinheit an unterschiedlichen Positionen des Schafts befestigbar ist.
• Fig. 10B zeigt den Aufbau der zweiten Lageeinheit der Figur 10A in einer Explosionsansicht.
• Fig. 11A zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform einer zweiten Lagereinheit zur Lagerung des Laufs, wobei die zweite Lagereinheit an unterschiedlichen Positionen des Schafts befestigbar ist.
• Fig. 11B zeigt den Aufbau der zweiten Lageeinheit der Figur 11A in einer Explosionsansicht.
• Fig. 12 zeigt ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schusswaffe, insbesondere eine Sportwaffe mit einer ersten Lagereinheit, die nicht Teil der Erfindung ist, einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Lagereinheit zur Lagerung des Laufs und einer Verschlusseinheit.
• Fig. 13 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung durch die Lagerelemente der ersten Lagereinheit der Figur 12, die nicht Teil der Erfindung sind.

The invention is explained below using preferred exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• 1 shows a firearm, in particular a sporting weapon, with a first storage unit, a second storage unit and a locking unit.
• 2 shows a sectional view through a closure unit and a first bearing unit for mounting the closure unit on the shaft.
• 3 shows a sectional view through a second bearing unit for bearing the barrel.
• 4 shows the structure of the second layer unit figure 3 in an exploded view.
• figure 5 shows a shutter unit with pivoted shutter carriage.
• 6 shows the structure of the locking unit in an exploded view.
• 7 shows a sectional view of a closure unit with a sliding element for locking and unlocking the closure carriage, the closure carriage being in the unlocked position.
• 8 shows a sectional view of the closure unit of FIG figure 7 , with the bolt slide in the locked position.
• 9 shows a sectional view of a locking unit with a rotary element for locking and unlocking the locking carriage, the locking carriage being in the unlocked position.
• Figure 10A shows an alternative embodiment of a second bearing unit for bearing the barrel, wherein the second bearing unit can be attached to different positions of the stock.
• Figure 10B shows the structure of the second layer unit Figure 10A in an exploded view.
• Figure 11A shows a further embodiment of a second bearing unit for bearing the barrel, wherein the second bearing unit can be attached to different positions of the stock.
• Figure 11B shows the structure of the second layer unit Figure 11A in an exploded view.
• 12 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of a firearm, in particular a sporting weapon, with a first bearing unit, which is not part of the invention, a second bearing unit according to the invention for bearing the barrel, and a breech block unit.
• 13 shows a sectional view through the bearing elements of the first bearing unit figure 12 , which are not part of the invention.

The in the figures 1 and 12 The firearm or sporting weapon 1 shown, in particular a small-calibre sporting weapon, comprises a shaft 2 with a fore-end 2A, which extends along a barrel 6, and a stock 2B for putting on the firearm 1, and a breech block unit 3 mounted and fastened on the shaft 2 A shoulder cap 39 and a cheek piece 40 are arranged on the stock 2B and are adjustable relative to the stock 2B and stock 2 . A grip 41 with a trigger is provided on the underside of the fore-end 2A.

The barrel 6 has a muzzle 43 and a breech-side end 7 opposite the muzzle 43 . The barrel 6 and the breech unit 3 extend along a (common) longitudinal axis 13 (see FIG figure 2 ), the longitudinal axis 13 preferably forming the central axis of the barrel 6.

The shutter unit 3, see in particular figures 2 and 12 , comprises a barrel end 4 and an opposite, rear end 5, particularly facing the stock 2B. A closure body 42 extends between the two ends 4, 5 and has two opposite side walls 67 which connect the running end 4 and the rear end 5 to one another. A loading opening 26 for inserting a cartridge into a receiving space 24 is provided in each side wall 67 . At the barrel-side end 4, a cylindrical bore 8 is formed in the breech body 42, in which a part of the barrel 6, in particular its breech-side end 7, is accommodated or held.

According to the embodiment after figure 2 A shaft section 10 connects to the rear end 5 of the closure unit 3 and extends at least along part of the rear end 5 of the closure unit 3 and/or covers it. The shank portion 10 is according to figure 2 a part of the fore-end 2A, but it is also possible that it is formed as part of the rear-end 2B.

A first bearing unit 9 for mounting the breech unit 3 (and the barrel 6) on the stock 2 is provided at the rear end 5 of the breech unit 3 and the subsequent stock section 10 . The first bearing unit 9 comprises a first bearing element 11 on the rear end 5 of the closure unit 3 and a second bearing element 12 on the adjoining shaft section 10.

According to the embodiment according to Figures 12, 13 a first bearing unit 9' is provided for bearing the breech unit 3 on the shaft 2, which is not part of the invention, the first bearing unit 9' having a first bearing element 11' and a second bearing element 12' on each of the two side walls 67 of the breech unit 3. having. The second bearing element 12 ′ is designed as a separate component that can be connected to the shaft 2 .

The first bearing element 11, 11' is designed as a hemispherical element or as a spherical cap-shaped element 70, in particular without a spherical cap (see also Figures 5 - 9 ), and the second bearing element 12, 12' is designed as a complementary spherical shell or spherical cap shell 69 (see figure 12 ). In the installed state, the first bearing element 11, 11' and the second bearing element 12, 12' engage in one another and thus form a reliable bearing for the closure unit 3 on the shaft 2.

The second bearing element 12 'according to Figures 12, 13 , which is not part of the invention, comprises a plate-shaped base 68, on the inside of which, facing the closure unit 3, the spherical shell or spherical cap shell 69 is provided. On the outside facing the shaft 2, the plate-shaped base 68 is shaped in such a way that it can be connected to the shaft 2, in particular an inside of the shaft 2, in a contacting manner, in particular without a gap. For example, the outside of the plate-shaped base 68 is curved in a convex manner and inserted into a concave seat on the inside of the shaft 2 .

According to the figure 2 the first bearing element 11 and the second bearing element 12 are arranged axially along the longitudinal axis 13 . Furthermore, a damping material 17 is provided between the first bearing element 11 and the second bearing element 12, which dampens the recoil in addition to the first and second bearing element 11, 12.

A fastening device 14, 14' is provided on the first bearing unit 9, 9' in order to fasten the breech unit 3 (and the barrel 6) to the stock 2. The fastening device 14, 14' has a bore 15 passing through the first bearing unit 9, 9', in particular the first bearing element 11, 11', the second bearing element 12, 12' and optionally the damping material 17 and/or the shaft 2, 2A, 15', the bore 15, 15' being designed as a threaded bore into which a threaded pin 16 is screwed for fastening. The first bearing unit 9, 9' and the fastening device 14, 14' thus preferably form a common assembly. This assembly is in accordance with the figure 2 arranged at the rear end 5 of the closure unit 3 and the shaft section 10 adjoining it.

In the figure 2 an anti-twist device 44 can also be seen, which has a first bore in the stock 2 or fore-end 2A and a second bore in the breech unit 3, the two bores being arranged in alignment. A pin 45 is accommodated in the two bores. The anti-twist device 44 is designed to prevent the closure unit 3 from rotating relative to the shaft 2 .

the Figures 3 and 4 show a second storage unit 18 for storing the barrel 6, the second storage unit 18 being spaced apart from the breech unit 3 and the first storage unit 9, 9'. The second bearing unit 18 is arranged in particular at the free end of the stock 2 or fore-end 2A (see also figure 1 ).

The second bearing unit 18 comprises a bearing shell 19 with a cylindrical inner bore 20 in which the barrel 6 can be mounted. The bearing shell 19 consists of two bearing half shells (see figure 4 ) which can be assembled to form the bearing shell 19. The outside of the bearing shell 19 and the half-shells is rounded or designed in the shape of a segment of a sphere.

The second bearing unit 18 also has a fastening device 21 which fastens or clamps the bearing shell 19 in a receiving space 22 of the shaft 2 . The receiving space 22 is formed by the fore-end 2A and comprises a closed peripheral wall and a cylindrical through hole.

The fastening device 21 is designed in several parts and comprises two sleeve-shaped receiving elements 47, 48 which can be connected to one another, for example can be plugged into one another. The bearing shell 19 is accommodated in the interior space created by the connection of the sleeve-shaped receiving elements 47, 48. The second bearing unit 18 can be fastened in the receiving space 22 of the shaft 2 by means of a thread 23 arranged on one of the sleeve-shaped receiving elements 47 . A further thread is provided on the inside of the receiving space 22, in which the thread of the fastening device 21 engages. A lock nut 49 having a thread on its outer periphery is also screwed into the receiving space 22 to secure the second bearing unit 18 from being released from the receiving space 22 .

the Figures 10A, 10B and 11A, 11B show two exemplary embodiments of second bearing units 18A, 18B, which can be optionally arranged at different positions of the shaft 2.

The second bearing units 18A, 18B in turn each comprise a bearing shell 19 consisting of two bearing half shells with a cylindrical inner bore 20 in which the barrel 6 can be mounted. The outside of the bearing shell 19 or the half-shells is rounded or designed in the shape of a segment of a sphere.

The second bearing units 18A, 18B also each comprise a multi-part fastening device 21A, 21B which fastens or clamps the bearing shells 19 to the shaft 2. The fastening devices 21A, 21B each comprise two essentially sleeve-shaped or hollow receiving elements 55, 56 or 57, 58, which can be connected or joined together. In a resulting by connecting the sleeve-shaped receiving elements 55, 56 and 57, 58 interior is the Bearing shell 19 added and stored. An inner wall of the interior has essentially the same shape as the outer surface of the bearing shell 19, so that the bearing shell 19 contacts the inner wall. The bearing shells 19 can be fastened at different positions on the shaft 2 with the aid of the fastening devices 21A, 21B.

According to the embodiment of Figures 10A, 10B For this purpose, several elongated holes 59 are provided along the longitudinal axis 13 of the shaft 2 . The elongated holes 59 are arranged on opposite side walls 60A, 60B of the stock 2, between which the barrel 6 extends. One slot 59 on each side wall 60A is located next to another slot (in the Figures 10A, 10B not recognizable) on the other side wall 60B opposite, with two opposite long holes 59 forming a pair of openings and thus a fastening position for the second storage unit 18A. How from the Figures 10A, 10B can be seen, along the shaft 2 there are several pairs of openings.

One or more pins or screws 61 protrude through at least one opening 59, preferably through one of the pairs of openings, in order to fasten the second bearing unit 18A, the bearing shell 19 and the receiving elements 55, 56 of the fastening device 21A to the shaft 2. For this purpose, a bore 62, in particular a threaded bore, is provided on the receiving elements 55, 56 for each screw 61, in which the screw can be accommodated. The screws 61 thus connect the receiving elements 55, 56 and clamp the parts of the bearing shell 19 in which the barrel 6 is mounted between the receiving elements 55, 56 and press the bearing shell 19 against the barrel 6. Caps 63 are preferred in the elongated holes 59 can be arranged, in particular inserted, which also have a bore for each pin or screw 61.

In the second bearing unit 18B according to FIGS Figures 11A, 11B a plurality of openings 64 are provided on an underside 60C of the shaft 2 connecting the side walls 60A, 60B. The openings 64 extend along (the longitudinal axis 13) of the shaft 2 and thus enable or form different fastening positions for the second bearing unit 18B. Pins or screws 65 pass through these openings 64 and the receiving elements 57, 58 of the fastening device 21B, in particular bores 66 in the receiving elements 57, 58, in order to fasten the second bearing unit 18B to the shaft 2. The screws 65 also connect the receiving elements 57, 58 and thus clamp the parts of the bearing shell 19 in which the barrel 6 is mounted between the receiving elements 57, 58 and press the bearing shell 19 against the barrel 6.

the figure 12 shows another variant of a storage unit 18C. The storage unit 18C corresponds to the storage unit 18B according to FIGS Figures 11A, 11B , however, the attachment device 21C comprises only one receiving element 57'. The receiving element 57' in turn comprises bores for receiving screws 65 which are intended to clamp the parts of the bearing shell 19 in which the barrel 6 is mounted between the single receiving element 57' and the stock 2, in particular the underside of the stock 60C and to attach. The storage unit 18C can in turn be positioned at different fastening positions, as described for the storage unit 18C.

The first storage unit 9 and the second storage unit 18, 18A, 18B, 18C preferably form a storage device or storage system for storing the breech unit 3 and the barrel 6. The breech unit 3 and the barrel 6 are only accessible through this storage system, ie the first and second storage unit 9; 18, 18A, 18B, 18C supported and fixed to the shaft 2, while at those portions where no first or second bearing unit 9; 18, 18A, 18B, 18C, there is a distance 46 between the stock 2 and the breech unit 3 or the barrel 6 (see figure 2 ).

the Figures 5 - 8 show the structure of the closure unit 3 with a displaceable actuating element 34. The closure unit 3 has subsequent to the cylindrical bore 8 (see figure 2 ) a receiving space 24 which extends towards the rear end 5 of the shutter unit 3. The receiving space 24 is connected to the cylindrical bore 8 through a connecting opening 25 (see figure 5 ) tied together. The receiving space 24 is connected to one of the loading openings 26 on each of the two opposite side walls 67 of the closure unit 3 .

A channel-shaped guide rail 27 is rotatably fastened in the receiving space 24 in such a way that at least one section of the guide rail 27 protrudes from one of the two loading openings 26 of the receiving space 24 by pivoting, so that a cartridge 28 can be placed on the channel-shaped guide rail 27 (see Fig figure 5 ). By swiveling back the channel-shaped guide rail 27, it can be aligned with the connecting opening 25, so that the cartridge 28 placed on the channel-shaped guide rail 27 can be pushed into a cartridge chamber by a bolt slide 29 guided on the channel-shaped guide rail 27, with the cartridge chamber passing through the bolt-side End 7 of the barrel 6 received in the cylindrical bore 8 at the barrel end 4 of the breech unit 3 is formed.

Two locking elements 30 that are movable (relative to the shutter carriage 29) are provided on the shutter carriage 29, which are arranged parallel to one another and at a distance from one another in a respective recess in the body of the shutter carriage 29. The locking elements 30 can be moved, in particular rotated, by an actuating element 34 between a locking position and an unlocking position. In the locking position, the slide 29 is pushed in the direction of the free end of the channel-shaped guide rail 27 or up to this end and fixed immovably by the locking elements 30 in a position on the connection opening 25, so that a firing pin arranged in the slide 29 is in the immediate vicinity of the cartridge chamber and/or a cartridge 28 received therein (see figure 8 ). In the unlocked position, the locking slide 29 is not fixed immovably by the locking elements 30 and can therefore be displaced on the channel-shaped guide rail 27 in the direction of the rear end 5 of the locking unit 3 (see FIG figure 7 ). In the unlocked position, it is also possible to pivot the channel-shaped guide rail 27 with the locking slide 29, so that these two elements 27, 29 at least partially protrude from the loading opening 26 (see Fig figure 5 ).

The two movable locking elements 30 each have a locking arm 31, the locking arm 31, in particular a locking lug 33 of each locking arm 31, in the locking position in a receptacle or a recess 32 (see figure 7 ) of the receiving space 24 engages. As a result of this engagement, the shutter carriage 29 is immovably fixed by the locking elements 30, as described above.

The actuating element 34 comprises a sliding element 35 which can be displaced relative to the two movable locking elements 30 in order to move the two locking elements 30 into the locking position. The sliding element 35 is slidably mounted in the body of the shutter carriage 29 . The sliding element 35 can thus be displaced relative to the shutter carriage 29 . The sliding element 35 is slidably mounted, in particular, on two guide rails 50 , the guide rails 50 being arranged on opposite sides of an interior space of the shutter slide 29 .

Each of the two movable locking elements 30 has an extension 36 which points in the direction of the sliding element 35 and is each provided with an inclined plane. By sliding the sliding element 35 relative to the two movable locking elements 30 and in the direction of the extensions 36, the sliding element 35 displaces these and/or supports the movable locking elements 30 on its upper side, as a result of which the two movable locking elements 30 assume the locking position and the locking lugs 33 engage in the receptacles 32 on the inner wall of the receptacle space 24 ( please refer figure 8 ). By sliding the sliding element 35 in the opposite direction, the sliding element 35 moves away from and/or does not rest on the extensions 36 on its upper side and frees a space for the extensions 36 of the locking elements 30 to return, whereby the movable locking elements 30 move into the unlocked position and in particular the locking lugs 33 leave the receptacles 32 on the inner wall of the receptacle space 24 (see figure 7 ).

A handle element 51 (see figure 5 ), for example a rod-shaped handle, is provided for moving or displacing the sliding element 35. At least part of the handle element 51 is accommodated and/or mounted in the locking slide 29 . A part of the handle element 51 with a free end protrudes from the loading opening 26 of the receiving space 24.

The handle member 51 is pivoted relative to a body or frame of the bolt carriage 29 and to the two movable locking members 30 . For this purpose, an axis of rotation 52 is provided, in particular in the form of a pin, which is designed in one piece with the handle element 51 and is rotatably mounted in the body of the shutter slide 29 . Furthermore, a driver element 53 is provided on the handle element 51 , which can be rotated or rotated together with the handle element 51 and interacts with the sliding element 35 , as a result of which the movement or displacement of the sliding element 35 is brought about.

the figure 9 shows a closure unit 3 with an alternative adjusting element 34, which comprises a rotating element 37 instead of the sliding element 35 of the preceding figures. A large part of the remaining components of the closure unit 3 is identical in structure and function to the respective components of the Figures 5 - 8 and therefore also has the same reference numbers. The movement of the locking carriage 29 along the channel-like guide rail 27 and between the locked position and the unlocked position and the fixation in the unlocked position by engaging the lugs 33 in the receptacles 32 are the same. These identical components and functions are not discussed below to avoid repetition.

The rotary element 37 of the actuating element 34 is designed to be rotatable relative to the two movable locking elements 30 . By turning the rotary element 37, the two movable locking elements 30 can be moved into the locking position or into the unlocking position.

The rotary element 37 preferably comprises a rotary axis in the form of a rod or pin on which two eccentrically arranged cams 38 are arranged. The two cams 38 are each received in a slot 54 of one of the two movable locking elements 30 . By rotating the axis of rotation 37 and thus the cams 38 arranged eccentrically in the elongated holes 54, the cams take the movable locking elements 30 with them into the locking position or release them into the unlocking position.

Each of the exemplary embodiments described above can optionally be provided alone on a firearm or together with one or more or all of the other exemplary embodiments described. Furthermore, individual, several or all features of different exemplary embodiments described can be combined with one another.

Claims (15)

1. Firearm (1), in particular, a sporting firearm, comprising: a stock (2) with a forestock (2A) extending along a barrel (6), and a rear stock (2B) for resting the firearm (1), a breechblock unit (3) mounted and attached to the stock (2), which comprises a barrel-side end (4), a rear end (5) opposite the barrel side end (4) and two opposite side walls (67), which connect the barrel side end (4) and the rear end (5) with each other, wherein, in at least one side wall (67), a loading opening (26) for a bullet is provided, and a barrel (6), wherein the barrel (6) with a breechblock-side end (7) is received in a cylindrical bore hole (8) at the barrel side end (4) of the breechblock unit (3), wherein the firearm (1) comprises a first bearing unit (9) for mounting the breechblock unit (3) on the stock (2), wherein the first bearing unit (9) comprises a first bearing element (11), which is arranged at the rear end (5) of the breechblock unit (3) and which is the only bearing element on the breechblock unit (3) for mounting the breechblock unit (3) on the stock (2), wherein the first bearing unit (9) comprises a second bearing element (12) on a stock section (10) abutting the rear end (5) of the breechblock unit (3), and wherein a single second bearing unit (18, 18A, 18B, 18C) for mounting the barrel (6) is provided on the barrel (6), wherein the second bearing unit (18, 18A, 18B, 18C) is at a distance from the breechblock unit (3) and the first bearing unit (9).
2. Firearm (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that
   the first bearing element (11) and the second bearing element (12) engage into one another, wherein one of the two bearing elements (11, 12) is formed as a convex spherical cape-shaped element (70) and the other of the two bearing elements (11, 12) is formed as a complementary spherical cap shell (69).
3. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   at least a part of the second bearing element (12) is formed in one-piece with the stock section (10).
4. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the stock section (10) abutting on the rear end (5) of the breechblock unit (3) and on which the second bearing element (12) of the first bearing unit (9) is arranged, is formed by an extension of the stock (2), which extends transversely or substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis (13) of the breechblock unit (3).
5. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the first bearing element (11) is configured as a hemisphere and formed in one-piece with the breechblock unit (3).
6. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   a fastening device (14) is provided on the first bearing unit (9) to attach the breechblock unit (3) to the stock (2).
7. Firearm (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that
   the fastening device (14) comprises a bore hole (15) penetrating the first bearing unit (9), wherein the bore hole (15) is formed as a threaded hole, into which a grub screw (16) for attaching the breechblock unit (3) to the stock (2) is screwed in.
8. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   a damping material (17) is provided between the first bearing element (11) and the second bearing element (12).
9. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the barrel (6) and the breechblock unit (3) extend along a longitudinal axis (13), wherein the first bearing element (11) and the second bearing element (12) are arranged axially along the longitudinal axis (13).
10. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the second bearing unit (18, 18A, 18B, 18C) is provided on or near the free end of the stock (2).
11. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the second bearing unit (18, 18A, 18B, 18C) comprises a plastic bearing shell (19) with a cylindrical inner bore hole (20), in which the barrel (6) is mountable.
12. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the second bearing unit (18, 18A, 18B, 18C) comprises a fastening device (21, 21A, 21B, 21C) to attach or clamp the second bearing unit (18, 18A, 18B, 18C) to the stock (2), wherein a plurality of openings (59, 64) for receiving pins or screws (61, 65) are provided on the stock (2) to selectively attach the fastening device (21, 21A, 21B, 21C) at one of a plurality of selectable positions on the stock (2).
13. Firearm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the breechblock unit (3) comprises a receiving space (24) which abuts the cylindrical bore hole (8), extends in the direction of the rear end (5) of the breechblock unit (3), is connected to the cylindrical bore hole (8) by a connecting opening (25) and which comprises a loading opening (26) on two opposite side walls (67) of the breechblock unit (3), wherein a trough-shaped guide rail (27) is rotatably attached in the receiving chamber (24) in such a way that at least a section of the guide rail (27) selectively projects out of one of the two loading openings (26) of the receiving space (24) by swivelling such, that a bullet (28) can be placed on the trough-shaped guide rail (27) and it can be brought in line with the connecting opening (25) by swinging back the trough-shaped guide rail (27) in such a way that the bullet (28) placed on the trough-shaped guide rail (27) can be slid into a bullet chamber via a breechblock slide (29) guided on the trough-shaped guide rail (27), wherein the bullet chamber is formed by the breechblock-side end (7) of the barrel (6), which is received in the cylindrical bore hole (8) on the barrel side end (4) of the breechblock unit (3).
14. Firearm (1) according to Claim 13, characterized in that
    at least one moveable locking element (30) is provided on the breechblock slide (29), which is moveable by an actuator (34) between a locked position and an unlocked position, wherein in the locked position the breechblock slide (29) is arranged in a fixed position at the connecting opening (25) so that a firing pin arranged in the breechblock slide (29) is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the bullet chamber and/or a bullet (28) held in it, and wherein, in the unlocked position the breechblock slide (29) can be moved on the trough-shaped guide rail (27).
15. Firearm (1) according to Claim 14, characterized in that
    the at least one moveable locking element (30) provided on the breechblock slide (29) comprises a locking arm (31), wherein the locking arm (31), in particular, a locking lug (33) of the locking arm (31), engages in the locking position into a receptacle or a recess (32) of the receiving space (24).

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