EP3730890A1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Plate heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3730890A1
EP3730890A1 EP20000005.7A EP20000005A EP3730890A1 EP 3730890 A1 EP3730890 A1 EP 3730890A1 EP 20000005 A EP20000005 A EP 20000005A EP 3730890 A1 EP3730890 A1 EP 3730890A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
medium
sheets
heat exchanger
pair
plate heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20000005.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3730890B1 (en
Inventor
Zbyszek Szeliga
Bohumír Cech
Pavel Dvorák
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vysoka Skola Banska Technicka Univerzita Ostrava
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Vysoka Skola Banska Technicka Univerzita Ostrava
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Publication of EP3730890A1 publication Critical patent/EP3730890A1/en
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Publication of EP3730890B1 publication Critical patent/EP3730890B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the design of a plate heat exchanger which is intended in energy technology for heat transfer between two gaseous media of different temperatures, ie between two flue gases or between a flue gas and the air. It is a recuperative heat exchanger that is used in particular for the reduction of NO x emissions in flue gases by means of an SCR method (selective catalythic reduction) in purified and sulfur-free flue gases.
  • the heat exchanger can also be used to preheat the combustion air.
  • Plate heat exchangers are known which are composed of metal sheets, some of which are trapezoidal. These are mainly radiators for space heating.
  • the GB 1238491 discloses a plate heat exchanger formed by a bundle of pairs of adjacent plates, the central areas of which are trapezoidal corrugated in the direction of the flow, with the edge areas being smooth.
  • the waves in the trapezoidal area of two adjacent plates are offset against one another and in this position form alternating channels for two heat-exchanging media.
  • One medium is guided in a straight line through the channels, while the other is fed in sideways in one of the edge areas and discharged sideways again from the other edge area.
  • the heat exchanger is made of plastic and is intended for smaller amounts of gas at a relatively low temperature.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a heat exchanger intended for energy technology from accessible and affordable elements that enables a large amount of heat to be exchanged between gaseous media at temperatures of up to 300 ° C.
  • the plate heat exchanger comprises a plurality of with Pairs of parallel thermally conductive walls arranged at a distance, which are formed in each pair by reversely oriented trapezoidal sheets with alternating channels and webs.
  • the webs in each pair are in contact with one another, and the channels form channels for the flow of the second medium.
  • the gaps between the individual pairs of sheets, which are covered over the entire circumference, are used for the flow of the first medium.
  • At both ends of the web of each trapezoidal sheet an opening for the supply and discharge of the first medium is formed.
  • the metal sheets of each pair are gas-tightly connected at the lateral edges and on the circumference of the openings, and the facing of the gaps is gas-tight.
  • spacer elements can be inserted between the metal sheets.
  • the channels formed in the pair of sheets open into a supply or discharge pipe for the second medium, and the openings in the webs of the edge sheets open into a supply or discharge manifold for the first medium.
  • distribution troughs can be connected to the supply manifold for the first medium, which pass through the openings in the webs.
  • the gaps between the pairs of sheets are provided with closable cleaning openings at the bottom of the sides.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is formed by a plurality of spaced-apart pairs of parallel heat-conducting walls, s. Figs. 1 and 2 .
  • the walls of each pair 1 are formed by reversely oriented trapezoidal sheets 2 with alternating channels 3 and webs 4 .
  • the webs 4 in each pair 1 lie against one another, and the channels 3 form channels 5 for the flow of the second medium.
  • Gaps 6 located between the individual sheet metal pairs 1 serve for the flow of the first medium.
  • an opening 7 is formed for the supply and discharge of the first medium.
  • the sheets 2 of each pair 1 are gas-tightly connected at the lateral edges 8 and on the circumference 9 of the openings 7 , and the gaps 6 are faced over the entire circumference, with a profiled facing strip 10 at the end, the facing of the gaps 6 being gas-sealed.
  • the channels 5 formed in the pair of sheets 1 open into a supply or discharge pipe (not shown) of the second medium, and the openings 7 in the webs 4 of the edge plates 2 in a supply or discharge manifold 11, 12 of the first medium, see FIG . Fig. 6 .
  • Distribution channels 13 which go through the openings 7 in the webs 4, are connected to the supply collecting pipe 11 of the first medium.
  • the facings of the columns 6 between the pairs of sheets 1 are provided with closable cleaning openings at the bottom of the sides, which means cleaning the Columns 6 allows during maintenance.
  • the present heat exchanger differs from the known types of plate heat exchangers in that it is formed by conventional rolled, thin-walled trapezoidal sheets, which are placed against one another in pairs and connected in a gas-safe manner at the edges.
  • the rolled profile sheets are usually produced in lengths of 6 to 12 m, and compared to tubes and other profile bars, they are inexpensive.
  • the construction described is characterized by an adequate rigidity, which enables easy assembly and handling. Any major leaks can be eliminated by covering the respective holes.
  • the basic element of the heat exchanger is represented by a pair 1 of trapezoidal sheets which are put together in such a way that their webs 4 rest against one another, their lateral edges 8 being connected in a gas-safe manner by welding, soldering, or in some other way.
  • trapezoidal sheet metal pairs 1 rectangular openings 7 are punched at both ends of the webs 4 , the edges of which are welded or soldered together on the circumference 9 in a gas-safe manner.
  • These basic elements are placed side by side in such a way that columns 6 are created. This creates the structure of the thermally conductive walls.
  • the gaps 6 between two pairs of sheets 1 are covered - by means of profiled facing strips 10 (see Fig. Fig. 3 ) on the front sides of the heat exchanger and by means of smooth strips on the side walls.
  • This facing can be welded on or clamped with screws.
  • the second medium to be cooled (hot flue gases) is fed from below into the mouths of the channels 5 formed in pairs of sheets 1 and discharged from above.
  • the first medium air or flue gases to be heated
  • the distribution channels 13 equipped supply manifold 11 determined.
  • the distribution channels 13, the profile of which corresponds to the shape of the openings 7 ensure that the first medium is distributed into the gaps 6 between the sheet metal pairs 1. They are pushed into the openings 7 when the supply manifold 11 is assembled.
  • the same construction is located on the lower side of the heat exchanger to remove the heated first medium.
  • the distribution channels 13 do not require any compression in the openings 7, and so they can be produced and inserted with sufficient installation clearance.
  • the construction described differs from the known solutions of plate heat exchangers.
  • the individual panels made of trapezoidal sheet metal are of the same shape, which significantly simplifies production and assembly. It is not a problem to produce the inlet and outlet parts for the first medium with sufficient accuracy and reliably.
  • the proposed solution brings about an almost ideal countercurrent arrangement with a high efficiency of heat utilization. Trapezoidal sheets in various shapes and material thicknesses are always available, repeated production of uniform parts reduces production costs. These are much lower than with tube heat exchangers.
  • the heat exchanger can be fully assembled in production and delivered to the construction site as a whole. Cleaning and control can be carried out through the cleaning openings.
  • This heat exchanger is particularly advantageous for those companies where temperature reduction or preheating is involved with a large volume of flue gases or air to be preheated.
  • Such a case is provided by the exchangers the SCR denitrification method, where catalysts are used at 200 ° C to 300 ° C.
  • the flue gases must first be heated to the required temperature and then cooled down to the temperature suitable for the chimney or cooling tower. The low heat losses are then compensated for by steam heating or an additional burner.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention can also be used for combustion air preheating or in other technologies that primarily work with clean media, e.g. with cleaned flue gases without solid foreign matter; however, the temperature of the medium must remain above the dew point.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Der Plattenwärmeübertrager umfasst eine Mehrzahl von mit Abstand angeordneten Paaren paralleler wärmeleitender Wände, wobei die Wände in jedem Paar (1) durch umgekehrt orientierte Trapezbleche (2) mit wechselnden Rinnen (3) und Stegen (4) gebildet sind, wobei die Stege (4) in jedem Paar (1) aneinander anliegen und ihre Rinnen (3) Kanäle (5) für Durchfluss des zweiten Mediums bilden, während zwischen den einzelnen Blechpaaren (1) befindliche Spalten (6), die am ganzen Umfang verblendet sind, zum Durchfluss des ersten Mediums dienen, wobei an beiden Enden des Stegs (4) eines jeden Trapezblechs (2) eine Öffnung (7) für Zufuhr bzw. Abfuhr des ersten Mediums gebildet ist und wobei die Bleche eines jeden Paares (1) an den lateralen Kanten (8) und am Umfang (9) der Öffnungen (7) gassicher verbunden sind, sowie die Verblendung der Spalten (6) gasabgedichtet ist.The plate heat exchanger comprises a plurality of spaced-apart pairs of parallel heat-conducting walls, the walls in each pair (1) being formed by inverted trapezoidal sheets (2) with alternating channels (3) and webs (4), the webs (4) in each pair (1) rest against each other and their grooves (3) form channels (5) for the flow of the second medium, while gaps (6) located between the individual pairs of sheets (1), which are covered over the entire circumference, allow the flow of the first Serving medium, with an opening (7) for supply and discharge of the first medium being formed at both ends of the web (4) of each trapezoidal sheet (2), and the sheets of each pair (1) at the lateral edges (8) and on the circumference (9) of the openings (7) are connected in a gas-safe manner, and the facing of the gaps (6) is gas-tight.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die Bauart eines Plattenwärmeübertragers, der in der Energietechnik zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen zwei gasförmigen Medien unterschiedlicher Temperatur bestimmt ist, d.h. zwischen zwei Rauchgasen oder zwischen einem Rauchgas und der Luft. Es handelt sich um einen rekuperativen Wärmetauscher, der seine Anwendung insbesondere bei der Reduktion von NOx-Emissionen in Rauchgasen mittels einer SCR-Methode (selective catalythic reduction) in gereinigten und schwefelfreien Rauchgasen Anwendung findet. Der Wärmeübertrager kann auch zum Vorwärmen der Verbrennungsluft benutzt werden.The invention relates to the design of a plate heat exchanger which is intended in energy technology for heat transfer between two gaseous media of different temperatures, ie between two flue gases or between a flue gas and the air. It is a recuperative heat exchanger that is used in particular for the reduction of NO x emissions in flue gases by means of an SCR method (selective catalythic reduction) in purified and sulfur-free flue gases. The heat exchanger can also be used to preheat the combustion air.

Es sind Plattenwärmeübertrager bekannt, die aus Blechen zusammengestellt sind, die zum Teil Trapezform haben. Es handelt sich vor allem um Heizkörper zur Raumheizung. Die GB 1238491 offenbart einen Plattenwärmeübertrager, der durch ein Bündel von Paaren anliegender Platten gebildet ist, deren mittlere Bereiche in Richtung der Strömung trapezförmig gewellt sind, wobei die Randbereiche glatt sind. Die Wellen in dem Trapez-Bereich zweier benachbarten Platten sind versetzt aneinandergelegt und bilden in dieser Lage alternierend durchströmte Kanäle für zwei wärmeauszutauschende Medien. Ein Medium wird durch die Kanäle geradlinig geführt, während das andere in einem der Randbereiche seitwärts zugeführt und aus dem anderen Randbereich wieder seitwärts abgeführt wird. Der Wärmeübertrager ist aus Plastik hergestellt und für geringere Gasmengen mit relativ niedriger Temperatur bestimmt.Plate heat exchangers are known which are composed of metal sheets, some of which are trapezoidal. These are mainly radiators for space heating. The GB 1238491 discloses a plate heat exchanger formed by a bundle of pairs of adjacent plates, the central areas of which are trapezoidal corrugated in the direction of the flow, with the edge areas being smooth. The waves in the trapezoidal area of two adjacent plates are offset against one another and in this position form alternating channels for two heat-exchanging media. One medium is guided in a straight line through the channels, while the other is fed in sideways in one of the edge areas and discharged sideways again from the other edge area. The heat exchanger is made of plastic and is intended for smaller amounts of gas at a relatively low temperature.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, einen für die Energietechnik bestimmten Wärmeübertrager aus zugänglichen und erschwinglichen Elementen zu entwerfen, der Wärmeaustauch zwischen gasförmigen Medien mit Temperaturen bis zu 300 °C in großem Umfang ermöglicht.The invention is based on the object of designing a heat exchanger intended for energy technology from accessible and affordable elements that enables a large amount of heat to be exchanged between gaseous media at temperatures of up to 300 ° C.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Plattenwärmeübertrager mit Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the plate heat exchanger having the features of claim 1.

Der erfindungsgemäße Plattenwärmeübertrager umfasst eine Mehrzahl von mit Abstand angeordneten Paaren paralleler wärmeleitender Wände, die in jedem Paar durch umgekehrt orientierte Trapezbleche mit wechselnden Rinnen und Stegen gebildet sind. Die Stege liegen in jedem Paar aneinander an, und die Rinnen bilden Kanäle für Durchfluss des zweiten Mediums. Die zwischen den einzelnen Blechpaaren befindlichen Spalten, die am ganzen Umfang verblendet sind, dienen zum Durchfluss des ersten Mediums. An beiden Enden des Stegs eines jeden Trapezblechs ist eine Öffnung für Zufuhr bzw. Abfuhr des ersten Mediums gebildet. Die Bleche eines jeden Paares sind an den lateralen Kanten und am Umfang der Öffnungen gassicher verbunden, sowie die Verblendung der Spalten ist gasabgedichtet.The plate heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a plurality of with Pairs of parallel thermally conductive walls arranged at a distance, which are formed in each pair by reversely oriented trapezoidal sheets with alternating channels and webs. The webs in each pair are in contact with one another, and the channels form channels for the flow of the second medium. The gaps between the individual pairs of sheets, which are covered over the entire circumference, are used for the flow of the first medium. At both ends of the web of each trapezoidal sheet an opening for the supply and discharge of the first medium is formed. The metal sheets of each pair are gas-tightly connected at the lateral edges and on the circumference of the openings, and the facing of the gaps is gas-tight.

Zur Versteifung der Struktur des Wärmeübertragers können zwischen den Blechen Distanzelemente eingelegt sein.To stiffen the structure of the heat exchanger, spacer elements can be inserted between the metal sheets.

Bei dem im Einsatz stehenden Wärmeübertrager münden die im Blechpaar gebildeten Kanäle in eine Zuführ- bzw. Abführrohrleitung des zweiten Mediums, und die Öffnungen in den Stegen der Randbleche in ein Zuführ- bzw. Abführsammelrohr des ersten Mediums.In the case of the heat exchanger in use, the channels formed in the pair of sheets open into a supply or discharge pipe for the second medium, and the openings in the webs of the edge sheets open into a supply or discharge manifold for the first medium.

Zur besseren Verteilung des ersten Mediums im Wärmeübertrager können Verteilungsrinnen an das Zuführsammelrohr des ersten Mediums angeschlossen sein, die durch die Öffnungen in den Stegen gehen.For better distribution of the first medium in the heat exchanger, distribution troughs can be connected to the supply manifold for the first medium, which pass through the openings in the webs.

Für die Wartung der Anlage ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Spaltenverblendungen zwischen den Blechpaaren unten in den Seiten mit verschließbaren Reinigungsöffnungen versehen sind.For the maintenance of the system, it is advantageous if the gaps between the pairs of sheets are provided with closable cleaning openings at the bottom of the sides.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen Abschnitt zweier Trapezblechpaare in einer isometrischen Ansicht,
Fig. 2
eine komplette aus zwei Trapezblechen zusammengestellte Doppelwand eines Wärmeübertragers,
Fig. 3
eine Verblendungsleiste zur stirnseitigen Verblendung der Spalte zwischen den Blechpaaren,
Fig. 4
eine Füllung des Wärmeübertragers in einer isometrischen Gesamtansicht,
Fig. 5
ein mit Verteilungsrinnen versehenes Zuführsammelrohr des ersten Mediums,
Fig. 6
einen kompletten mit einem Mantel versehenen Wärmeübertrager, wobei die Pfeile Eintritt- und Austrittstellen der Medien bezeichnen.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a section of two pairs of trapezoidal sheets in an isometric view,
Fig. 2
a complete double wall of a heat exchanger composed of two trapezoidal sheets,
Fig. 3
a facing strip for facing the gaps between the sheet metal pairs at the front,
Fig. 4
a filling of the heat exchanger in an isometric overall view,
Fig. 5
a supply manifold for the first medium provided with distribution channels,
Fig. 6
a complete heat exchanger provided with a jacket, with the arrows indicating the entry and exit points of the media.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmeübertrager, dessen Gesamtaussehen aus Fig. 6 anschaulich ist, ist durch eine Mehrzahl von mit Abstand angeordneten Paaren paralleler wärmeleitender Wände gebildet, s. Fig. 1 und 2. Die Wände eines jeden Paares 1 sind durch umgekehrt orientierte Trapezbleche 2 mit wechselnden Rinnen 3 und Stegen 4 gebildet. Die Stege 4 in jedem Paar 1 liegen aneinander an, und die Rinnen 3 bilden Kanäle 5 für Durchfluss des zweiten Mediums. Zwischen den einzelnen Blechpaaren 1 befindliche Spalten 6 dienen zum Durchfluss des ersten Mediums. An beiden Enden des Stegs 4 eines jeden Trapezblechs 2 ist eine Öffnung 7 für Zufuhr bzw. Abfuhr des ersten Mediums gebildet. Die Bleche 2 eines jeden Paares 1 sind an den lateralen Kanten 8 und am Umfang 9 der Öffnungen 7 gassicher verbunden, und die Spalten 6 sind am ganzen Umfang verblendet, stirnseitig mit einer profilierten Verblendungsleiste 10, wobei die Verblendung der Spalten 6 gasabgedichtet ist.The heat exchanger according to the invention, its overall appearance Fig. 6 is illustrative, is formed by a plurality of spaced-apart pairs of parallel heat-conducting walls, s. Figs. 1 and 2 . The walls of each pair 1 are formed by reversely oriented trapezoidal sheets 2 with alternating channels 3 and webs 4 . The webs 4 in each pair 1 lie against one another, and the channels 3 form channels 5 for the flow of the second medium. Gaps 6 located between the individual sheet metal pairs 1 serve for the flow of the first medium. At both ends of the web 4 of each trapezoidal sheet 2 , an opening 7 is formed for the supply and discharge of the first medium. The sheets 2 of each pair 1 are gas-tightly connected at the lateral edges 8 and on the circumference 9 of the openings 7 , and the gaps 6 are faced over the entire circumference, with a profiled facing strip 10 at the end, the facing of the gaps 6 being gas-sealed.

Die in dem Blechpaar 1 gebildeten Kanäle 5 münden in eine Zuführ- bzw. Abführrohrleitung (nicht dargestellt) des zweiten Mediums, und die Öffnungen 7 in den Stegen 4 der Randbleche 2 in ein Zuführ- bzw. Abführsammelrohr 11, 12 des ersten Mediums, s. Fig. 6. An das Zuführsammelrohr 11 des ersten Mediums sind Verteilungsrinnen 13 angeschlossen, die durch die Öffnungen 7 in den Stegen 4 gehen.The channels 5 formed in the pair of sheets 1 open into a supply or discharge pipe (not shown) of the second medium, and the openings 7 in the webs 4 of the edge plates 2 in a supply or discharge manifold 11, 12 of the first medium, see FIG . Fig. 6 . Distribution channels 13 , which go through the openings 7 in the webs 4, are connected to the supply collecting pipe 11 of the first medium.

Zur Versteifung der Struktur des Wärmeübertragers und zur Anregung der Strömungsturbulenz sind zwischen den Blechpaaren 1 Distanzelemente eingelegt.To stiffen the structure of the heat exchanger and to stimulate the flow turbulence 1 spacer elements are inserted between the sheet metal pairs.

Die Verblendungen der Spalten 6 zwischen den Blechpaaren 1 sind unten in den Seiten mit verschließbaren Reinigungsöffnungen versehen, was Reinigung der Spalten 6 während der Wartung ermöglicht.The facings of the columns 6 between the pairs of sheets 1 are provided with closable cleaning openings at the bottom of the sides, which means cleaning the Columns 6 allows during maintenance.

Der vorliegende Wärmeübertrager unterscheidet sich von den bekannten Typen der Plattenwärmetauscher, indem er durch gängige gewalzte dünnwandige Trapezbleche gebildet ist, die paarweise aneinander angelegt und an den Kanten gassicher verbunden sind.The present heat exchanger differs from the known types of plate heat exchangers in that it is formed by conventional rolled, thin-walled trapezoidal sheets, which are placed against one another in pairs and connected in a gas-safe manner at the edges.

Die gewalzten Profilbleche werden üblicherweise in Längen von 6 bis 12 m produziert, und im Vergleich mit Rohren und anderen Profilstangen sind sie preisgünstig. Darüber hinaus ist die beschriebene Bauweise durch eine angemessene Starrheit gekennzeichnet, die eine einfache Montage und Handhabung ermöglicht. Etwaige größere Undichtheiten können durch Verblendung der jeweiligen Löcher beseitigt werden.The rolled profile sheets are usually produced in lengths of 6 to 12 m, and compared to tubes and other profile bars, they are inexpensive. In addition, the construction described is characterized by an adequate rigidity, which enables easy assembly and handling. Any major leaks can be eliminated by covering the respective holes.

Das Grundelement des Wärmeübertragers wird durch ein Paar 1 von Trapezblechen dargestellt, die so zusammengestellt sind, dass ihre Stege 4 aneinander anliegen, wobei ihre seitlichen Kanten 8 durch Schweißen, Löten, oder auf andere Weise gassicher verbunden sind. Bei diesen Trapezblechpaaren 1 sind an beiden Enden der Stege 4 rechteckige Öffnungen 7 gestanzt, deren Kanten am Umfang 9 gassicher zusammengeschweißt oder -gelötet sind. Diese Grundelemente werden so nebeneinander gestellt, dass Spalten 6 entstehen. Dadurch wird die Struktur der wärmeleitenden Wände gebildet.The basic element of the heat exchanger is represented by a pair 1 of trapezoidal sheets which are put together in such a way that their webs 4 rest against one another, their lateral edges 8 being connected in a gas-safe manner by welding, soldering, or in some other way. In these trapezoidal sheet metal pairs 1 , rectangular openings 7 are punched at both ends of the webs 4 , the edges of which are welded or soldered together on the circumference 9 in a gas-safe manner. These basic elements are placed side by side in such a way that columns 6 are created. This creates the structure of the thermally conductive walls.

Die Spalten 6 zwischen zwei Blechpaaren 1 werden verblendet - mittels profilierter Verblendungsleisten 10 (s. Fig. 3) an den Stirnseiten des Wärmeübertragers und mittels glatter Leisten an den Seitenwänden. Diese Verblendung kann angeschweißt oder mit Schrauben festgeklemmt werden.The gaps 6 between two pairs of sheets 1 are covered - by means of profiled facing strips 10 (see Fig. Fig. 3 ) on the front sides of the heat exchanger and by means of smooth strips on the side walls. This facing can be welded on or clamped with screws.

Das zweite, abzukühlende, Medium (heiße Rauchgase) wird von unten in die Mündungen der in Blechpaaren 1 gebildeten Kanäle 5 zugeführt und oben davon abgeführt. Das erste Medium (Luft oder zu erwärmende Rauchgase) werden von der Seite in die oberen in den Stegen 4 der Trapezbleche 2 gebildeten rechteckigen Öffnungen 7 zugeführt. Zur Zufuhr des zu erwärmenden Mediums ist ein mit Verteilungsrinnen 13 ausgestattetes Zuführsammelrohr 11 bestimmt. Die Verteilungsrinnen 13, deren Profil mit der Form der Öffnungen 7 übereinstimmt, sorgen für Verteilung des ersten Mediums in die Spalten 6 zwischen den Blechpaaren 1. Sie werden bei der Montage des Zuführsammelrohrs 11 in die Öffnungen 7 hineingeschoben. Dieselbe Konstruktion befindet sich an der unteren Seite des Wärmeübertragers zur Abfuhr des erwärmten ersten Mediums.The second medium to be cooled (hot flue gases) is fed from below into the mouths of the channels 5 formed in pairs of sheets 1 and discharged from above. The first medium (air or flue gases to be heated) are fed from the side into the upper rectangular openings 7 formed in the webs 4 of the trapezoidal sheets 2 . To supply the medium to be heated is a with Distribution channels 13 equipped supply manifold 11 determined. The distribution channels 13, the profile of which corresponds to the shape of the openings 7 , ensure that the first medium is distributed into the gaps 6 between the sheet metal pairs 1. They are pushed into the openings 7 when the supply manifold 11 is assembled. The same construction is located on the lower side of the heat exchanger to remove the heated first medium.

Die Verteilungsrinnen 13 erfordern keine Verdichtung in den Öffnungen 7, und so können sie mit einem genügenden Einbauspiel hergestellt und eingelegt werden.The distribution channels 13 do not require any compression in the openings 7, and so they can be produced and inserted with sufficient installation clearance.

Verteilung der Blechpaare 1 im Profilschnitt des Wärmeübertragers ist aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich. In größeren Wärmeübertragern können zwischen einzelne Trapezbleche Distanzelemente eingelegt werden, die unerwünschte Deformationen der Bleche verhindern und eine Turbulenz für intensivere Wärmeübertragung gewährleisten.Distribution of the sheet metal pairs 1 in the profile section of the heat exchanger is off Fig. 4 evident. In larger heat exchangers, spacer elements can be inserted between individual trapezoidal sheets, which prevent undesired deformation of the sheets and ensure turbulence for more intensive heat transfer.

Die beschriebene Bauweise unterscheidet sich von den bekannten Lösungen der Plattenwärmeübertrager. Die einzelnen Platten aus Trapezblech sind formgleich, was die Produktion und Montage wesentlich vereinfacht. Es stellt kein Problem dar, die Ein- und Austrittteile für das erste Medium mit genügender Genauigkeit und zuverlässig zu produzieren.The construction described differs from the known solutions of plate heat exchangers. The individual panels made of trapezoidal sheet metal are of the same shape, which significantly simplifies production and assembly. It is not a problem to produce the inlet and outlet parts for the first medium with sufficient accuracy and reliably.

Die vorgeschlagene Lösung bringt eine fast ideale Gegenstromanordnung mit einem hohen Wirkungsgrad der Wärmeausnutzung. Trapezbleche in verschiedener Form und Materialdicke stehen laufend zur Verfügung, mehrmalige Produktion gleichförmiger Teile reduziert die Produktionskosten. Diese sind wesentlich niedriger als bei Rohrwärmetauschern. Der Wärmeübertrager kann im Produktionsbetrieb vollständig zusammengestellt und als Ganzes zur Baustelle geliefert werden. Reinigung und Kontrolle können mittels der Reinigungsöffnungen durchgeführt werden.The proposed solution brings about an almost ideal countercurrent arrangement with a high efficiency of heat utilization. Trapezoidal sheets in various shapes and material thicknesses are always available, repeated production of uniform parts reduces production costs. These are much lower than with tube heat exchangers. The heat exchanger can be fully assembled in production and delivered to the construction site as a whole. Cleaning and control can be carried out through the cleaning openings.

Dieser Wärmeübertrager ist besonders für solche Betriebe vorteilhaft, wo es sich um Temperatursenkung oder Vorwärmen bei großem Umfang von Rauchgasen oder vorzuwärmenden Luft handelt. So einen Fall stellen namentlich die Austauscher bei der SCR-Denitrifikationsmethode dar, wo mit Katalysatoren bei 200 °C bis 300 °C gearbeitet wird. Die Rauchgase sind zuerst auf die erforderliche Temperatur zu erwärmen und nachträglich auf die für Schornstein oder Kühlturm geeignete Temperatur abzukühlen. Die geringen Wärmeverluste werden dann durch Dampfheizung oder mittels Zusatzbrenner kompensiert.This heat exchanger is particularly advantageous for those companies where temperature reduction or preheating is involved with a large volume of flue gases or air to be preheated. Such a case is provided by the exchangers the SCR denitrification method, where catalysts are used at 200 ° C to 300 ° C. The flue gases must first be heated to the required temperature and then cooled down to the temperature suitable for the chimney or cooling tower. The low heat losses are then compensated for by steam heating or an additional burner.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmeübertrager kann weiterhin für Verbrennungsluftvorwärmung oder bei anderen Technologien verwendet werden, die vorwiegend mit sauberen Medien arbeiten, z.B. mit gereinigten Rauchgasen ohne feste Fremdstoffe; dennoch muss die Temperatur des Mediums unbedingt über dem Taupunkt bleiben.The heat exchanger according to the invention can also be used for combustion air preheating or in other technologies that primarily work with clean media, e.g. with cleaned flue gases without solid foreign matter; however, the temperature of the medium must remain above the dew point.

Claims (5)

Plattenwärmeübertrager, der eine Mehrzahl von mit Abstand angeordneten Paaren paralleler wärmeleitender Wände umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wände in jedem Paar (1) durch umgekehrt orientierte Trapezbleche (2) mit wechselnden Rinnen (3) und Stegen (4) gebildet sind, wobei die Stege (4) in jedem Paar (1) aneinander anliegen und ihre Rinnen (3) Kanäle (5) für Durchfluss des zweiten Mediums bilden, während zwischen den einzelnen Blechpaaren (1) befindliche Spalten (6), die am ganzen Umfang verblendet sind, zum Durchfluss des ersten Mediums dienen, wobei an beiden Enden des Stegs (4) eines jeden Trapezblechs (2) eine Öffnung (7) für Zufuhr bzw. Abfuhr des ersten Mediums gebildet ist und wobei die Bleche eines jeden Paares (1) an den lateralen Kanten (8) und am Umfang (9) der Öffnungen (7) gassicher verbunden sind, sowie die Verblendung der Spalten (6) gasabgedichtet ist.Plate heat exchanger comprising a plurality of spaced-apart pairs of parallel heat-conducting walls, characterized in that the walls in each pair (1) are formed by reversely oriented trapezoidal sheets (2) with alternating channels (3) and webs (4), the Bars (4) in each pair (1) rest against one another and their grooves (3) form channels (5) for the flow of the second medium, while gaps (6) located between the individual pairs of sheets (1), which are covered over the entire circumference, serve to flow through the first medium, with an opening (7) for supply and discharge of the first medium being formed at both ends of the web (4) of each trapezoidal sheet (2) and the sheets of each pair (1) being formed on the lateral Edges (8) and on the circumference (9) of the openings (7) are gas-tight, and the facing of the gaps (6) is gas-tight. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den Blechen (2) Distanzelemente eingelegt sind.Plate heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that spacer elements are inserted between the metal sheets (2). Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die im Blechpaar (1) gebildeten Kanäle (5) in eine Zuführ- bzw. Abführrohrleitung des zweiten Mediums und die Öffnungen (7) in den Stegen (4) der Randbleche (2) in ein Zuführ- bzw. Abführsammelrohr (11, 12) des ersten Mediums münden.Plate heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the channels (5) formed in the pair of sheets (1) in a feed or discharge pipe of the second medium and the openings (7) in the webs (4) of the edge plates (2) in a feed or discharge manifold (11, 12) of the first medium open. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Verteilungsrinnen (13) an das Zuführsammelrohr (11) des ersten Mediums angeschlossen sind, die durch die Öffnungen (7) in den Stegen (4) gehen.Plate heat exchanger according to Claim 3, characterized in that distribution troughs (13) are connected to the supply collecting pipe (11) for the first medium and pass through the openings (7) in the webs (4). Plattenwärmeübertrager nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verblendungen der Spalten (6) zwischen den Blechpaaren (1) unten in den Seiten mit verschließbaren Reinigungsöffnungen versehen sind.Plate heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the facing of the gaps (6) between the pairs of sheets (1) are provided with closable cleaning openings at the bottom in the sides.
EP20000005.7A 2019-04-24 2020-01-07 Plate heat exchanger Active EP3730890B1 (en)

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WO2023006132A1 (en) * 2021-07-28 2023-02-02 Vysoká Škola Báňská - Technická Univerzita Ostrava Plate heat exchanger

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CN112964099A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-06-15 齐鲁工业大学 All-welded plate-shell heat exchanger and machining method thereof
CN112964099B (en) * 2021-02-02 2023-08-18 山东国辰实业集团热能装备有限公司 All-welded plate-shell heat exchanger and processing method thereof
WO2023006132A1 (en) * 2021-07-28 2023-02-02 Vysoká Škola Báňská - Technická Univerzita Ostrava Plate heat exchanger

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