EP3724456A1

EP3724456A1 - Rotor with centrifugally optimized contact faces

Info

Publication number: EP3724456A1
Application number: EP19720467.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Harald Hoell; Kevin KAMPKA; Peter Schröder
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-05-03
Filing date: 2019-04-16
Publication date: 2020-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-16
Also published as: KR20210002683A; EP3724456B1; JP2021517616A; EP3564489A1; CN112119205B; KR102498006B1; US20210095568A1; WO2019211091A1; CN112119205A; US11319824B2; JP6995217B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotor for a gas turbine having a rotor disk (01) on which there are a plurality of rotor components (11) distributed around the circumference. The rotor disk (11) has a circumferential securing shoulder (04) with a contact face (05). Retaining faces (16) come to bear against the contact face (06), each of said retaining faces consisting of a retaining shoulder (15) of the respective rotor component (11) and being designed with a form that complements the contact face. In order to optimize the bearing stresses between the retaining shoulder (15) and the securing shoulder (05), the retaining face (16) has a smaller radius than the contact face (06), namely the retaining radius is at least 0.99 times and at most 0.995 times the contact radius. Also provided is an axially extending aperture (12) in the rotor component (11), the width of which in the circumferential direction is 25% to 75% of the rotor component width in the circumferential direction.

Description

description

ROTOR WITH FLOW-POWER OPTIMIZED CONTACT SURFACES

The invention relates to a rotor having a rotor disk and a plurality of circumferentially mounted on the rotor disk Ro torbauteilen, wherein the rotor disk has a white axis to the rotor shaft transmitting surface and the respective rotor component has a support surface complementary to the support surface.

From the prior art a variety of ways for attaching rotor components to rotor disks are known.

For example, EP 1944471 Bl shows a rotor with egg ner rotor disk on which a plurality of sealing elements is arranged on one end face. Here, the rotor disc distributed in the circumference on a plurality of blade retaining grooves, which are intended to receive Laufschaufein. To cover the blade retaining grooves on an end face of the Ro torscheibe there are distributed around the circumference angeord Neten sealing elements. The sealing elements are based here under the action of centrifugal force during rotation of the rotor un indirectly on pointing to the rotor axis end of the sealing elements on the rotor disk. For this purpose, the rotor disc has a circumferential axially extending in front of the front Before jump, on each of which a torscheibe on the sealing element for Ro extends extending fastening paragraph. In this case, a support surface facing the rotor axis is almost compulsorily formed on the projection of the rotor disk by a rotation surface rotating about the rotor axis. The voltage applied to the support surface retaining surface of the fastening paragraph is in principle carried out complementary to the support surface with matching radius.

Further analogous embodiments are also known from EP 2344723 B1, EP 2414641 B1, EP 3077627 B1, EP 3090135 B1, EP 3129599, EP 3129600, EP 3167163 and EP 3227532, wherein further alternative attachments to the Ro in the EP 2399004 Bl, EP 2426315 Bl, the US 9109457 B2, EP 3071795, EP 3019706, WO 2017174355 and WO 2017174723 are disclosed.

Although the attachment of the sealing elements on the Ro torscheibe has proven over the attachment of the mounting paragraph of you telemente on retaining projection on the rotor discs, so occur in turbomachines with high performance Belas lines on the retaining projection and the mounting paragraph close to the permissible material characteristics.

In order to effect a uniform contact of the sealing element on the rotor disk is proposed in US 4,304,523, the radii of the contact surface on the rotor disk run slightly larger than the radii of the complementary contact surface on the sealing elements. Due to the centrifugal force, he would give an advantageous uniform pressure load. However, it should be taken into account here the angled shape of the proposed solution, which leads to a higher flexibility. However, if the sealing element is designed to be relatively straight, lacks the necessary flexibility Flexi, so that the opposite effect can result in a higher load in the middle of the component.

Object of the present invention is therefore to realize a connec tion of rotor components on a rotor disk with large centrifugal forces occurring, with a pos as uniform as possible compression in the support of the rotor is partly to strive for.

The stated object is achieved by an embodiment of the invention from the teaching of claim 1. A he inventive rotor component for use in a inventions to the invention rotor is specified in claim 10. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The generic rotor is used in particular for use in a gas turbine. However, the embodiment can also be applied to other types of rotors, such as steam turbines. be used. At least the rotor has at least one rotor disk on which distributed over the circumference of a plurality of rotor components are arranged. The rotor defines here at a rotor axis and thus an axial direction.

For this purpose, the rotor disk has a circumferential, axially extending fastening shoulder. In this case, the umlau fende mounting shoulder on the side facing the rotor axis forms a support surface. The support surface is a rotating surface revolving around the rotor axis. Viewed in axi aler direction, the support surface extends over that length on which a system of the rotor component is given at the attachment paragraph. According to the Ausfüh tion as a rotational body, the support surface at a respective respective axial position on a certain support radius as a distance from the rotor axis. Furthermore, a medium

Support radius of the support surface are defined, as that radius which is given in the middle of the support surface in the axial direction Rich.

In contrast, the rotor components each have a circumferentially and the rotor disk axially extending Hal teabsatz, which is arranged on the rotor axis facing side un below the mounting paragraph of. In this case, the holding paragraph has a support surface complementary to Hal tefläche. Analogous to the support surface is also the holding surface as a portion of a rotation surface. Accordingly, defines the holding surface as that surface of the holding paragraph, which comes to the attachment paragraph of the rotor disk to the plant. The holding surface as a rotation surface here has a holding radius analogously to a respective axial position. Furthermore, a mean holding radius of the holding surface can be determined, which is given in the middle of the holding surface in the axial direction.

As a result, the centrifugal forces that occur in the rotor component can thus at least proportionally exceed the holding shoulder in FIG the plant of the holding surface on the support surface on the BEFE tigungsabsatz be transferred.

While in the prior art usually the support surface and the support surface are formed by a matching surface Rotationsflä and thus the holding radius and the support radius match, according to the invention now the holding radius is made smaller than the support radius. It has been shown speed in terms of achieving the highest load capacity that a holding radius with at least the

0, 99-fold support radius and at the same time with the maximum

0, 9995 times support radius according to the invention of particular Before part over the known versions of the prior art. That a deviation of the smaller holding radius from the larger supporting radius by a maximum of 1% is permissible, whereas the deviation is at least 0, 5so.

The juxtaposition of support radius and holding radius takes place in each case at the same axial position, i. according to the system of the holding surface on the support surface.

To ermögli Chen in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction more or less rectilinear execution of the rotor component is further provided according to the invention that the Ro door component receives a erstrei erstre by the rotor component breakthrough. In this case, the breakthrough is radially outside of the holding shoulder, ie thus also the holding surface to be arranged. It is further provided that extends through the break in the circumferential direction approximately over half the width of the rotor component. This is considered to be given when the width of the aperture is at least 0.25 times the width of the rotor member in the circumferential direction, but the width of the aperture is not greater than 0.75 times the width of the rotor member in the circumferential direction. Considered here is the width at the same radial position. The inventive design of the rotor component with a holding radius, which is chosen slightly smaller than the support radius, introducing the breakthrough leads in combination to the particular advantage of the high load capacity of the inventive compound between the holding paragraph and the attachment paragraph. On the one hand, the breakthrough allows a strong deformation of the rotor component and on the other hand, the deformation is compensated by the different Ra dien of support surface and support surface. This results in the result that a more even investment of the support surface to the holding surface with uniform pressure clamping voltages can be achieved compared to the attempt without breaking through a suitable geometry to determine.

The realization of a rotor according to the invention by means of he inventive design of the rotor component with a Halteab set with a different, smaller radius relative to the support surface of the attachment paragraph on the rotor disk and the introduction of a breakthrough at the same time a novel term inventive rotor component is created, which has the previously defined properties.

Particularly advantageous is the design of the holding portion of the rotor component when the holding radius is selected with at least 0.999 times the support radius. This leads to an advantageous design, in particular for use in a rotor of a gas turbine.

The width of the aperture corresponding to approximately half the width of the rotor component is achieved particularly advantageously when the aperture extends over at least 0.4 times the width of the rotor component in the circumferential direction. It is particularly advantageous here, if the breakthrough over a maximum of 0.6 times the width of the rotor component he stretches.

An advantageous stress distribution is achieved when the aperture increases with increasing radius. Beispiels- example, it can be provided that in a view in the axial direction of the rotor component, the two circumferentially opposite sides form an angle of approximately 45 °. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the width increases from a first radial position to a second larger radial position by at least 0.75 times the difference of the second radius and the first radius, ie, B2> = Bl + 0.75 x (R2 - RI). In contrast, the width should not increase too abruptly. For this, the width should increase from a first radial position to a second larger radial position by a maximum of 1.25 times the difference of the second radius and the first radius, ie B2 <= Bl + 1.25 x (R2 - RI) , Considering this, generous rounding off in the corners of the breakthrough is negligible.

The support surface and the complementary support surface can be viewed differently when viewed in longitudinal section. In the simplest case, they are each cylindrical surfaces. This facilitates the production and ensures a defi ned position of the components relative to each other. A disadvantage of this design, however, is the distribution of stress in Be fastening paragraph and the holding paragraph. Furthermore, it is unimaginably, the support surface and the complementary support surface convex or (along the axial direction) curve-shaped. The disadvantage in this case, however, the production of WING chen adherence to the lowest tolerances. Therefore, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if the Stützflä surface and the complementary support surface gelgelfläche as a portion of a Ke, i. be made conical.

When using a conical support surface and a coni rule holding surface, it is also advantageous if the Publ opening angle of the defining cone between 30 ° and 90 ° be wearing. That is, the angle between the support surface or the Hal tefläche and the rotor axis is advantageously between 15 ° and 45 °. Particularly advantageous is the design of the connec tigungsabsatzes with the support surface and the holding paragraph with the holding surface, if an opening angle of at least 45 ° is selected. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the opening angle is a maximum of 75 °.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the distance from the Halteab set for breakthrough in relation to the width of the remaining bridge is not too large next to the breakthrough. Starting from a web width as a distance from the opening to the nearest side edge in the circumferential direction and a Be zugspunkt in the middle of the support surface, it is therefore advantageous if the distance from the support surface to the breakthrough in the radial direction is not greater than the land width. Be particularly advantageous if the radial distance between the 0.25 times and 0.75 times the web width is.

The embodiment of the rotor component according to the invention with a holding surface, which has a relation to the support surface insignificance smaller radius, in combination with a

Breakthrough can be applied particularly advantageous if the rotor component has a substantially flat in the circumferential direction and radially extending shape. In this respect occur in the rotor component with acting centrifugal force within the rotor component mainly tensile stresses and only minor bending stresses. For example, the tensile stresses in this case are at least twice as large as the bending stresses. In this case, the holding paragraph extends wesent union in the axial direction.

For attachment of the rotor member on the rotor via support of the centrifugal forces from the holding paragraph on the mounting paragraph, it is also advantageous if the rotor component can support GE genüberliegend to the holding shoulder with an inner, pointing to the rotor edge portion of the rotor. For this purpose, the rotor disk optionally has a circumferential annular projection which is spaced from an end face of the rotor disk or from the fastening shoulder. Alternatively, it can be provided that the corresponding annular projection is arranged on a rotor disc adjacent to the second rotor disc. Zumin- At least the corresponding annular projection on the rotor disk or the second rotor disk forms a contact surface pointing to the attachment, on which the inner edge portion of the rotor components comes to rest and can be supported in the axial direction.

The embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageously in a rotor disk on which a number of circumferentially distributed distributed blades can be mounted. For this purpose, the rotor disk in the periphery ver shares a plurality of the rotor disk axially penetrating blade retaining grooves. In this case, the blade retaining grooves are at least partially covered on one end face of the rotor disk by the rotor components distributed around the circumference.

In the following figures, an exemplary Ausfüh tion form for a rotor in the region of the connection between the rotor component and the rotor disk is sketched. Show it:

Fig. 1 in the longitudinal section of sections, the rotor disk and the rotor attached thereto component is sketched;

2 shows the arrangement with the rotor disk and the rotor component in a section transverse to Ro torachse.

1 shows schematically in a longitudinal section through the rotor axis through the rotor disk 01 and the rotor component 11 in the region of the connection between the rotor component 11 and the rotor disk 01. To recognize the rotor disk 01 with a befindli Chen on the radially outer circumference Schaufelhaltenut 02. This 02 is intended to accommodate Laufschaufein (not shown here). The rotor disk 01 in this case has a fastening shoulder 04, which extends in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction and has a supporting surface 05 on the side facing the rotor axis having. In this embodiment, purely exemplarily the support surface 05 is slightly inclined and slightly convex executed sketched. As a rule, a conical shape of the support surface can be selected as a simple taugli surface shape who the. Furthermore, the rotor disk 01 spaced from Be fastening heels paragraph 04 a circumferential, radially outwardly extending annular projection 07. In this respect, an encircling groove is formed below the fastening shoulder 04 and behind the annular projection 07 in this exemplary embodiment.

The rotor component 11, which is fastened to the rotor disk 01, can also be seen. For this purpose, the rotor member 11 on a holding shoulder 14, which 14 also extends in order circumferential direction and axially. Analogously, the holding Ab sets 14 a holding surface 15, which 15 is arranged on the radially outwardly facing side. Here, the support surface 15 and the support surface 05 are complementary zueinan listed. The retaining shoulder 14 is arranged near the end of the rotor component 11 pointing towards the rotor axis, an inner edge portion 17 being located at the end on the side facing the rotor axis. This 17 is in this case axially against the annular projection 07 of the rotor disk 01. In accordance with the centrifugal forces due to the rotation of the rotor, the support of the rotor member 11 via the holding shoulder 14 with the support surface 15 on the support surface 05 of Befestigungsab rate 04 leads to a moment in the rotor member 11, which supported on the abutment of the inner edge portion 17 on the annular projection 07 becomes.

Of essential importance are the geometries of the support surface 05 and of the holding surface 15, which, viewed in the axial direction, abut each other over a contact width 10. That is, those surfaces of the attachment paragraph 04 or of the holding shoulder 14 which adjoin one another via the support width 10 abutment be regarded as a support surface 05 and the Hal tefläche 15. In this case, the support surface 05 has a support radius 06 as a rotation surface about the rotor axis. In contrast, the holding surface 15 of the rotor component 11 also executed as a portion of a rotation surface has a holding radius 16 accordingly. For each counter-transfer of the support radius 06 and the holding radius 16 is determined at the same axial position. Significant importance Be it now that the holding radius 16 is smaller than the support radius 06 and thus the axis of rotation of Halteflä surface 15 is positioned at a distance from the rotor axis.

Furthermore, the rotor component 11 has as essential for the solution a rotor component 11 in the axial direction by urgent opening 12. This 12 is arranged radially outside of the holding shoulder 14. Advantageously, the opening 12 is arranged in a certain average distance 23 in ra dialer direction of the center of the support surface 15.

For this purpose, Fig. 2 outlines the arrangement with the rotor disk 01 and the rotor member 11 in a section transverse to the rotor axis through the attachment paragraph 04 and the holding paragraph 14, viewed in the direction of the rotor disk 01 pioneering. Evident here is the rotor component 11 with the inner edge portion 17, which 17 abuts axially on Ringvor jump 07.

Essential to the invention is now the consideration of pointing to the rotor axis side of the Befestigungsab set 04 arranged support surface 05 with the dargestell th support radius 06 in connection with the holding shoulder 14, wel holes 14 radially outwardly facing the support surface 15 with the holding radius sixteenth having. It can be seen (exaggerated Darge notes) that it is provided here that the holding radius 16 has a lower value than corresponds to the opposite corresponding support radius 06.

This figure, with the initially considered in the circumferential direction is not full surface contact the support surface 15 on the support surface 05 leads at high centrifugal forces due to a ent speaking rotation of the rotor to a uniform Aufla voltage between the two surfaces 05, 15th Radially outside the retaining shoulder 14 is the

Breakthrough 12, wherein on both sides of the opening 12 two webs remain on the rotor component. The breakthrough 12 in turn contributes to the uniform contact between the support surface 15 and support surface 05 at. For this purpose, it is provided that the opening 12 has a width 22 in the circumferential direction, which corresponds approximately to half the width 21 of the rotor component 11. According to the positioning of the aperture is advantageous to take into account that the radial distance 23 from the center of the support surface 15 to the opening 12 is not greater than the web width 24th

Furthermore, it can be seen that the aperture 12 widens with increasing radius. For optimal Spannungsvertei development, it is advantageous if the angle between the side edge of the opening in the circumferential direction and the radial center axis is about 20 °. Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that at the upper end of the side edge and at the lower end of the side wall generous rounding vorgese hen.

Claims

claims

1. rotor, in particular a gas turbine, with a rotor axis and with a rotor disk (01), which (01) a circumferential mounting shoulder (04) with a pointing to a rotor axis rotating about the rotor axis

Support surface (05), and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced rotor components (11), which (11) each have a holding shoulder (14) with a support surface (05) complementary to a portion of a surface Rotationsflä forming retaining surface (15), wherein in the support surface (05) has a support radius (06) and the holding surface (15) has a holding radius (16) perpendicular to the rotor axis,

characterized,

in that the holding radius (16) corresponds at least to 0.99 times and to a maximum of 0.9995 times the support radius (06), wherein the rotor component (11) radially outside the holding surface (15) has an opening (12) which ( 12) has a width (22) of at least 0.25 times and at most 0.75 times the width (21) of the rotor member (11) in the circumferential direction.

2. Rotor according to claim 1,

characterized,

that the holding radius (16) corresponds to at least 0.999 support radius (06).

3. Rotor according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized,

the width (22) of the opening (12) corresponds at least to 0.4 times and / or at most 0.6 times the width (21) of the rotor component (11) in the circumferential direction.

4. Rotor according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized,

that the aperture (12) widened with increasing radius, wherein the difference in the width in the circumferential direction between the 0.75-fold and 1.25 times the difference in the radial direction.

5. Rotor according to one of claims 1 to 4,

characterized,

that the support surface (05) and the holding surface (06) are designed ko ko, wherein the opening angle between 30 ° and 90 °, in particular between 45 ° and 75 °.

6. Rotor according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized,

in that the distance (23) in the radial direction from the center of the holding surface (15) to the opening (12) corresponds at most to the distance (24) from the opening (12) to the edge in the circumferential direction of the rotor component (11).

7. Rotor according to one of claims 1 to 6,

characterized,

in that the rotor component (11) has a substantially circumferentially and radially extending shape, the retaining shoulder (14) extending in the axial direction.

8. Rotor according to one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized,

in that the rotor disk (01) and / or a second rotor disk adjacent to the rotor disk (01) has a ring projection spaced from the end face of the rotor disk (01) and the rotor component (11) has an inner edge portion on the side facing the rotor axis (17), wherein the inner edge portion (17) opposite to the retaining shoulder (14) on the annular projection (07) is axially supported.

9. Rotor according to one of claims 1 to 8,

characterized,

the rotor disk (01) has a plurality of circumferentially distributed axially penetrating blade retaining grooves (02) and the rotor components (11) cover the blade retaining grooves (02) on one end face of the rotor disk at least in sections.

10. rotor component (11) for use in a rotor according to one of the preceding claims comprising a Hal teabsatz (14) with a support surface (05) of the rotor disc (01) complementary to a portion of a Rota tion surface forming support surface (15), wherein in each cross-section perpendicular to the rotor axis, the holding surface (15) has a holding radius (16),

marked by

an aperture (12) arranged radially outside the holding surface (15), which (12) has a width (22) of at least 0.25 times and not more than 0.75 times the width (21) of the rotor component (11) in the circumferential direction,

wherein the holding radius (16) corresponds to at least 0.99 times and not more than 0.9995 times the intended support radius (06).

11. rotor component (11) according to claim 10,

characterized,

that the holding radius (16) corresponds to at least 0.999 times the intended support radius (06).

12. rotor component (11) according to claim 10 or 11,

characterized,

the width (22) of the opening (12) corresponds at least to 0.4 times and / or at most 0.6 times the width (21) in the circumferential direction.

13. Rotor component (11) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized

14. Rotor component (11) according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized

that the holding surface (06) is conical, wherein the opening angle between 30 ° and 90 °, in particular between 45 ° and 75 °, is.

15. Rotor component (11) according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized

in that the distance (23) in the radial direction from the center of the holding surface (15) to the opening (12) corresponds at most to the distance (24) from the opening (12) to the edge in the circumferential direction.

16. Rotor component (11) according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized