EP3721189B1 - Surveillance de train optique pour fabrication additive - Google Patents

Surveillance de train optique pour fabrication additive

Info

Publication number
EP3721189B1
EP3721189B1 EP18877050.7A EP18877050A EP3721189B1 EP 3721189 B1 EP3721189 B1 EP 3721189B1 EP 18877050 A EP18877050 A EP 18877050A EP 3721189 B1 EP3721189 B1 EP 3721189B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
power
monitoring
additive manufacturing
build
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18877050.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3721189A1 (fr
EP3721189A4 (fr
Inventor
Subhrajit Roychowdhury
Thomas SPEARS
Justin GAMBONE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP3721189A1 publication Critical patent/EP3721189A1/fr
Publication of EP3721189A4 publication Critical patent/EP3721189A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3721189B1 publication Critical patent/EP3721189B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/31—Calibration of process steps or apparatus settings, e.g. before or during manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/49—Scanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
    • B23K26/0626—Energy control of the laser beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/127—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B23K26/705—Beam measuring devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J1/4257—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors applied to monitoring the characteristics of a beam, e.g. laser beam, headlamp beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Un système (10) destiné à faciliter la création d'un élément d'actif industriel au moyen d'un procédé de fabrication additive, dans lequel le procédé de fabrication additive est associé à un procédé de fusion laser directe des métaux («DMLM»), comprenant:
    une source laser (24) pour recevoir un signal de commande de puissance laser P C et générer une sortie de faisceau laser conformément à P C;
    un premier capteur (58) pour mesurer la puissance P D d'un faisceau laser livré pour le procédé de fabrication additive;
    un deuxième capteur (50) pour mesurer une puissance PO associée à la sortie du faisceau laser de la source laser (24),
    le système étant caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie d'un train optique est située entre le premier et le deuxième capteurs (58, 50); et qu'il comprend en outre
    un appareil de surveillance, couplé aux premier et deuxième capteurs (58, 50), adapté:
    surveiller P C, P O, et P D pour faciliter la création de l'élément d'actif industriel;
    dans laquelle ladite surveillance est associée à une première table de recherche de puissance laser représentant la perte de puissance dans le laser et à une deuxième table de recherche de puissance laser représentant la perte de puissance dans le train optique;
    où la première table de recherche de puissance laser est associée à une courbe d'étalonnage laser TPPC→PO ; et
    dans laquelle la deuxième table de recherche de puissance laser est associée à une courbe d'étalonnage du train optique; TFPO→PD
    dans laquelle l'appareil de surveillance est en outre adapté:
    contrôler au moins un aspect du procédé de fabrication additive en réponse à la surveillance en temps sensiblement réel.
  2. Le système (10) de la revendication 1, dans lequel l'appareil de surveillance est en outre adapté:
    générer automatiquement une indication consultative en réponse à la surveillance.
  3. Le système (10) de la revendication 1, dans lequel l'appareil de surveillance est en outre adapté:
    localiser automatiquement un problème détecté dans le système (10) en réponse à la surveillance.
  4. Le système (10) de la revendication 1, dans lequel l'appareil de surveillance est en outre adapté:
    prévoir automatiquement une performance future du système (10) en réponse à la surveillance.
  5. Le système (10) de la revendication 1, dans lequel le train optique comprend au moins l'un des éléments suivants: i) une fibre optique (27), ii) un collimateur (29), iii) un galvanomètre, iv) un séparateur de faisceau (26) et v) une unité de mise au point dynamique.
  6. Le système (10) de la revendication 1, dans lequel au moins un des premier et deuxième capteurs (58, 50) est associé à au moins un des éléments suivants: (i) un dispositif de mesure directe de la puissance, (ii) un dispositif de mesure indirecte de la puissance, (iii) un compteur de puissance, (iv) une photodiode, (v) un photomètre, (vi) un détecteur semiconducteur à semi-conducteurs à semi-conducteurs, (vii) un tube photomultiplicateur, (viii) un thermocouple et (ix) un profileur intégré au faisceau.
  7. Le système (10) de la revendication 1, dans lequel une courbe d'étalonnage globale du système comprend: TF P C → P D = TF P C → P O × TF P O → P D .
  8. Le système (10) de la revendication 1, dans lequel le premier capteur (58) est associé à un appareil de surveillance de la puissance laser (54) adapté:
    séparer un pourcentage prédéterminé d'un faisceau de construction pour définir un faisceau d'échantillon,
    diriger le faisceau d'échantillons vers un élément de capteur,
    générer, par l'élément capteur, un signal proportionnel à la puissance du faisceau de prélèvement, et
    Mettre à l'échelle le signal de l'élément capteur pour générer une mesure de puissance laser représentative d'un niveau de puissance du faisceau de construction.
  9. Le système (10) de la revendication 8, dans lequel le faisceau de construction est divisé par transmission au moyen d'une optique réfléchissante.
EP18877050.7A 2017-11-09 2018-09-20 Surveillance de train optique pour fabrication additive Active EP3721189B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/807,967 US20190134748A1 (en) 2017-11-09 2017-11-09 Optic train monitoring for additive manufacturing
PCT/US2018/051842 WO2019094110A1 (fr) 2017-11-09 2018-09-20 Surveillance de train optique pour fabrication additive

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3721189A1 EP3721189A1 (fr) 2020-10-14
EP3721189A4 EP3721189A4 (fr) 2021-09-01
EP3721189B1 true EP3721189B1 (fr) 2026-04-01

Family

ID=66326650

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18877050.7A Active EP3721189B1 (fr) 2017-11-09 2018-09-20 Surveillance de train optique pour fabrication additive

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20190134748A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3721189B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7130297B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN111316077A (fr)
WO (1) WO2019094110A1 (fr)

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US10914677B2 (en) * 2018-04-24 2021-02-09 General Electric Company System and method for calibrating a melt pool monitoring system of an additive manufacturing machine
EP3822725B1 (fr) * 2019-11-15 2024-12-11 General Electric Company Systèmes et procédés de diagnostic d'un dispositif de fabrication additive
US12420482B2 (en) * 2020-11-16 2025-09-23 General Electric Company Energy beam systems for additive manufacturing machines
US12309327B2 (en) * 2021-02-24 2025-05-20 General Electric Company Automated beam scan calibration, alignment, and adjustment
US11915405B2 (en) * 2021-03-16 2024-02-27 Applied Optimization, Inc. Additive manufacturing process monitoring
CN113172356B (zh) * 2021-04-26 2022-11-04 北京沃佳玛科技有限公司 一种监测激光打码机的光源衰减检测装置
WO2023278097A1 (fr) * 2021-07-01 2023-01-05 Cymer, Llc Appareil de commande de gaz pour étage de décharge de gaz

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190134748A1 (en) 2019-05-09
EP3721189A1 (fr) 2020-10-14
WO2019094110A1 (fr) 2019-05-16
JP7130297B2 (ja) 2022-09-05
EP3721189A4 (fr) 2021-09-01
JP2021502256A (ja) 2021-01-28
CN111316077A (zh) 2020-06-19

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