EP3719434B1 - Distributeur de fluide réglable d'un échangeur de chaleur enroulé permettant de réaliser des différentes charges de fluide - Google Patents

Distributeur de fluide réglable d'un échangeur de chaleur enroulé permettant de réaliser des différentes charges de fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3719434B1
EP3719434B1 EP20020143.2A EP20020143A EP3719434B1 EP 3719434 B1 EP3719434 B1 EP 3719434B1 EP 20020143 A EP20020143 A EP 20020143A EP 3719434 B1 EP3719434 B1 EP 3719434B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
medium
heat exchanger
tube bundle
distributor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20020143.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3719434A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Bauer
Manfred Steinbauer
Jürgen Spreemann
Florian Deichsel
Marcus Lang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3719434A1 publication Critical patent/EP3719434A1/fr
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Publication of EP3719434B1 publication Critical patent/EP3719434B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/04—Distributing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits with tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger and a method for operating such a heat exchanger.
  • Coiled heat exchangers are used, for example, in natural gas liquefaction plants.
  • a first fluid medium is applied as a refrigerant to the shell side and evaporates by means of a falling film. This evaporation can lead to a so-called maldistribution over the tube bundle, so that some tubes receive too much refrigerant and other tubes too little.
  • the tube side ie the media carried in the tube bundle
  • the first medium or the refrigerant on the shell side can also be regulated in order to compensate for a maldistribution.
  • a wound heat exchanger with a liquid distributor according to the preamble of claim 1 is shown in FIG EP 3 367 034 A1 disclosed.
  • valves arranged in the shell space or on the tube bundle, as well as moving parts inside the heat exchanger can only be implemented with comparatively great effort.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a heat exchanger and a corresponding method for indirect heat transfer, which enables a particularly continuous shift of the area-related task of the first medium in a radial direction of the tube bundle and so low the cost of additional instrumentation as possible to keep.
  • a collecting container formed by the core tube is provided, the collecting container being designed to collect the first medium, and the distribution arms having at least one first container and at least one second container separate from the first container for charging the tube bundle with the liquid phase of the first medium , wherein the first container is in flow connection with the annular channel, so that the liquid phase of the first medium can be introduced from the annular channel into the at least one first container and can be distributed from there to a first region of the tube bundle via outlet openings of the first container, and wherein the at least one second container is in flow connection with the collecting container so that the liquid phase of the first medium can be introduced from the collecting container into the at least one second container and from there via outlet openings of the second container to a second region of the tube bundle is hastable.
  • the distribution arms can each be designed in the shape of a sector of a circle. Furthermore, between two adjacent distribution arms in the circumferential direction of the jacket or the core tube can be separated by a gap, through which the tubes of the tube bundle can be passed (e.g. towards the nozzles provided on the jacket).
  • the heat exchanger has at least one first controllable valve, via which the annular channel can be charged with the first medium, and / or that the heat exchanger has at least one second controllable valve via which the collecting container of the core tube with the first medium can be loaded.
  • the ring channel is in flow connection with a first inlet arranged on the jacket, so that the first medium can be introduced into the ring channel via the first inlet, the first valve in particular being arranged upstream of the first inlet.
  • the collecting container of the core tube is in flow connection with a second inlet arranged on the jacket, so that the first medium can be introduced into the collecting container via the second inlet, the second valve in particular being arranged upstream of the second inlet.
  • the first container and the second container can be charged with variable mass flows of the first medium at the same time by appropriately setting the valves.
  • the first container and the second container are arranged above the tube bundle that by setting the two valves, the amount of liquid phase applied to the tube bundle per area and time in a radial direction of the Tube bundle is changeable or adjustable.
  • one embodiment of the invention provides that the arrangement of the outlet openings of the first and the second container is designed such that radially different amounts of liquid can be adjusted.
  • the second container can have outlet openings which are located further inward in the radial direction than the outlet openings of the first container.
  • the second container can only have outlet openings for an inner half of the tube bundle, while the first container only has outlet openings for the outer half of the tube bundle.
  • the said amount can be changed or adjusted in the radial direction of the tube bundle so that the said amount increases monotonically towards the outside or towards the outside in a radial direction of the tube bundle decreases monotonously.
  • the at least one first container is formed by a first distribution arm of the liquid distributor
  • the at least one second container is formed by a second distribution arm of the liquid distributor
  • the at least one first container is formed by a first area of a distribution arm
  • the at least one second container is formed by a second area of the distribution arm that is separate from the first area
  • the two areas run next to one another in the radial direction along which the distributor arm extends.
  • the two areas are fluidically separated from one another by a dividing wall of the distributor arm that extends in the radial direction.
  • the two areas are opposite one another in the radial direction along which the distributor arm extends.
  • the two areas are separated from one another by a partition wall extending in a circumferential direction of the core tube.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for carrying out an indirect heat transfer between at least a first fluid medium and a second fluid medium using a heat exchanger according to the invention, wherein the second medium is introduced into the tube bundle, and wherein a first mass flow of the first medium over the annular channel is introduced into the at least one first container, and wherein (in particular at the same time) a second mass flow of the first medium is introduced into the at least one second container via the collecting container, the two mass flows being set (e.g.
  • the two mass flows of the first medium are set such that the said amount of the liquid phase of the first medium increases monotonically towards the outside in a radial direction of the tube bundle or decreases monotonically towards the outside.
  • the Figure 1 shows in connection with the Figure 2 an embodiment of a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention, which makes it possible to counteract a maldistribution of a first medium M (eg a refrigerant) guided in a jacket space 3 onto a tube bundle 5 of the heat exchanger 1.
  • a first medium M eg a refrigerant
  • the heat exchanger 1 has in detail a jacket 2 which surrounds the jacket space 3, a core tube 4 extending in the jacket space 3 on which the tubes 50 of the tube bundle 5 are wound, the tube bundle 5 for receiving at least one fluid second medium M ' is designed so that heat can be transferred indirectly between the first medium M and the at least one second medium M '.
  • the core tube 4 serves in particular as the core or carrier of the tube bundle, the individual tubes 50 being wound onto the horizontally arranged core tube 4 with spacers in between.
  • the core tube 4 extends along the vertical and preferably carries at least part of the load on the tubes 50 of the tube bundle 5.
  • the individual tubes 50 are preferably wound on or around the core tube 4, at least in sections, in a helical manner.
  • Such a heat exchanger is therefore also referred to as a wound heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 has a - in relation to the vertical or longitudinal axis z of the core tube 4 - arranged above the tube bundle 5 in the jacket space 3 liquid distributor 6 for applying a liquid phase F of the first medium M to the tube bundle 5,
  • the liquid distributor 6 from Core tube 3 has distribution arms 60 protruding in the radial direction R, which can be configured in the shape of a sector of a circle, for example in the plan view along the longitudinal axis z (see also FIG Figures 2 to 4 ).
  • the distributor arms 60 each have a bottom 60g and from side walls 60d extending from the respective bottom 60g and extending outward from the core tube 4 to the annular channel 61.
  • the liquid distributor 6 preferably has an annular channel 61 extending or encircling above the distributing arms 60 in a circumferential direction U of the casing 2 and also a collecting container 62 formed by the core tube 4, the annular channel 61 and the collecting container 62 each for collecting the first medium M, which is in particular a two-phase mixture, are formed.
  • the first medium M can be calmed and degassed in the collecting container 62 and in the annular channel 61 or later in the containers 60a, 60b or areas 60a, 60b, so that ultimately a liquid phase F of the first medium or refrigerant M via the distribution arms 60 can be distributed over the tube bundle 5.
  • the distribution arms 60 form at least one first container 60a and at least one second container 60b separate from the first container 60a, the at least one first container 60a being in flow connection with the annular channel 61, so that the liquid phase F des first medium M can be introduced from the annular channel 61 into the at least one first container 60a and from there can be distributed via outlet openings 600 of a bottom 60g of the at least one first container 60a to a first area 5a of the tube bundle 5, and wherein the at least one second container 60b is in flow connection with the collecting container 62 so that the liquid phase F of the first medium M can be introduced from the collecting container 62 into the at least one second container 60b and from there via outlet openings 601 of a bottom 60g of the at least one second container 60b to a second area 5b of the tube bundle 5 is distributable.
  • the liquid distributor 6 has several (here e.g. four) distribution arms 60, two distribution arms 60 lying opposite one another in the radial direction R each forming a first container 60a, which is fluidically separated from the collecting container 62 or from the core tube 4 (for example through a wall section 60f of the core tube 4) and fed with the liquid phase F of the first medium M only from the outside via the annular channel 61, for example through an opening 61a of an inner wall 61c of the annular channel 61
  • the inner wall 61c is a the outer circumferential wall 61b of the annular channel 61, with both walls extending from a base 61d of the annular channel 61.
  • the ring channel 61 can also be attached to the jacket 2 so that, for example, the outer wall 61b can be formed by the jacket 2.
  • two further distribution arms 60 opposite one another in the radial direction R each form a second container 60b, the respective second container 60b being fluidically separated from the annular channel 61 in contrast to the respective first container 60a (e.g. by a section 60e of the inner wall 61c of the annular channel 61) and is only fed with the liquid phase of the F of the first medium M from the inside via the collecting container 62 or the core tube 4.
  • a wall of the core tube 4 can each have a corresponding opening 4a.
  • the containers 60a, 60b are each assigned to an area 5a or 5b of the upper side of the tube bundle 5 (cf. Fig. 1 ), so that the distribution of the liquid phase F on the tube bundle 5 can be influenced by different liquid delivery to the areas 5a, 5b.
  • the first and second containers 60a, 60b allow different liquid levels and thus also different flow rates.
  • the arrangement of the outlet openings 600, 601 of the first and second containers 60a, 60b can be designed such that radially different amounts of liquid can be set.
  • the second containers 60b connected to the core tube 4 can have outlet openings 601 which are located further inward in the radial direction R than the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a.
  • the second containers 60b can only have outlet openings 601 for an inner half of the tube bundle 5 and the first containers 60a connected to the annular channel 61 can only have outlet openings 600 for the outer half of the tube bundle 5.
  • the outlet openings 600, 601 can also be varied in size or an overlap of the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a with the outlet openings 601 of the second container 60b with respect to the radial direction can be provided.
  • the annular channel 61 via a first valve 7 and via the subsequent first inlet or connector 9 with the first medium M can be charged, so that a corresponding mass flow of the first medium M into the annular channel 61 and the first containers or distribution arms 60a can be regulated accordingly.
  • the collecting container 62 can be charged with the first medium M via a second valve 8 and via the subsequent second inlet or connection 10, which is provided centrally above the collecting container 62 on the jacket 2, so that a corresponding mass flow of the first medium M in the collecting container 62 or the second container or distribution arms 60b can also be regulated accordingly.
  • the amount of liquid phase F that is applied along the radial direction R of the tube bundle 5 to the tube bundle 5 or the areas 5a, 5b can be varied in order to counteract a maldistribution of the liquid phase F in the jacket space 3.
  • the distribution arms 60 are therefore fed from the outside via the annular channel 61 (first container 60a) or from the inside via the collecting container 62 provided in the core tube 4 (second container 60b) in order to vary or, if necessary, vary the liquid discharge to the tube bundle 5 in the radial direction R . to adjust.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the liquid distributor 6, wherein the at least one first container 60a is formed by a first area 60a of a distribution arm 60, and the at least one second container 60b is formed by a second area 60b of the same distribution arm 60, which is fluidically separated from the first area 60a is.
  • the two areas 60a, 60b in the radial direction R, along which the distribution arm 60 extends run side by side from the core tube 4 to the jacket 2, the two areas 60a, 60b preferably extending through one in the radial direction R.
  • Partition wall 60c of distribution arm 60 are fluidically separated from one another.
  • the first area 60a is again supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M from the outside via the annular channel 61, in particular via an opening 61a in the inner wall 61c of the annular channel 61 Wall section 60f of core tube 4 is fluidically separated from core tube 4 or collecting container 62.
  • the at least one second area 60b is supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M from the collecting container 62 via an opening 4a of the core tube 4 and is fluidically separated from the ring channel 61 by a section 60e of the inner wall 61c of the ring channel 61.
  • the ring channel 61 is variably supplied with the liquid phase F via the first valve 7, whereas the collecting container 62 is variably supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M via the second valve 8.
  • the valves 7, 8 By appropriately setting the valves 7, 8 or regulating the two mass flows of the first medium M in the annular channel 61 or in the collecting container, the amount of liquid phase F, which along the radial direction R of the tube bundle 5 on the tube bundle 5 or The areas 5a, 5b given up are varied in order to counteract a maldistribution of the liquid phase F in the jacket space 3.
  • the outlet openings 600, 601 of the first and second containers 60a, 60b are designed in such a way that radially different amounts of liquid can be set.
  • the second containers 60b connected to the core tube 4 can have outlet openings 601 which are located further inward in the radial direction R than the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a.
  • the second containers 60b can only have outlet openings 601 for an inner half of the tube bundle 5 and the first containers 60a connected to the annular channel 61 can only have outlet openings 600 for the outer half of the tube bundle 5 (see above).
  • Fig. 4 shows a further variant of a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention, the at least one first and the at least one second area 60a, 60b again being formed by a distributor arm, in contrast to FIG Figure 3 the partition wall 60c, which separates the two areas 60a, 60b from one another in terms of flow, in the circumferential direction U of the jacket 2 or of the core tube 4 is extended, so that the two regions 60a, 60c in the radial direction R, along which the distributor arm extends from the core tube to the jacket 2, are opposite one another.
  • the first area is supplied with the liquid phase F via an opening 61a in the inner wall 61c of the annular channel
  • the second area 60b is supplied with the liquid phase F via an opening 4a of the core tube 4 from the collecting container 62.
  • the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a lie further outward in the radial direction R than the outlet openings 601 of the second container 60b.
  • the ring channel 61 according to FIG Figure 4 variably supplied with the liquid phase F via the first valve 7
  • the collecting container 62 is variably supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M via the second valve 8.
  • the amount of liquid phase F that is flowing along the radial direction R of the tube bundle 5 onto the tube bundle 5 or the areas 5a, 5b abandoned are varied in order to counteract a maldistribution of the liquid phase F in the shell space 3. If, for example, the mass flow of the first medium M in the collecting container 62 is increased or decreased in the annular channel 61, more liquid F is fed to the tube bundle 5 via the inner second areas 60b than via the outer first areas 60a.
  • liquid distributor according to the invention it is possible to react optimally to any influence on the part of the process and to counteract any maldistribution on the shell side, so that the overall performance of the heat exchanger is improved.
  • the two areas 60a, 60b can also be implemented via a divided ring channel 61 (e.g. two semicircular ring channels or two concentric ring channels) or a divided core tube 4 (e.g. concentric core tube plugged into one another or core tube divided in diameter).
  • the distribution arms 60 can also also have any other spatial separation.
  • more than two valves or containers can also be used to adjust the liquid distribution in the radial direction of the tube bundle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Échangeur de chaleur (1), comprenant :
    - une enveloppe (2), qui entoure une calandre (3) de l'échangeur de chaleur (1), la calandre (3) étant conçue pour la réception d'un premier milieu fluide (M),
    - un tube central (4) étendu dans la calandre (3),
    - un faisceau de tubes (5) présentant plusieurs tubes (50), qui sont enroulés autour du tube central (4), le faisceau de tubes (5) étant conçu pour la réception d'au moins un second milieu fluide (M'), de manière à pouvoir transmettre de la chaleur par voie indirecte entre le premier milieu (M) et l'au moins un second milieu (M'),
    - un distributeur de liquide (6) agencé au-dessus du faisceau de tubes (5) dans la calandre (3) pour appliquer au faisceau de tubes (5) une phase fluide (F) du premier milieu (M), le distributeur de liquide (6) présentant des bras de distribution (60) faisant saillie du tube central (3) dans la direction radiale (R),
    - un canal annulaire (61) étendu au-dessus des bras de distribution (60) dans une direction circonférentielle (U) de la calandre (2), le canal annulaire (61) étant conçu pour la collecte du premier milieu (M),
    caractérisé par
    un réservoir de collecte (62) formé à travers le tube central (4), le réservoir de collecte (62) étant conçu pour collecter le premier milieu (M), les bras de distribution (60) formant, pour l'application de la phase fluide (F) du premier milieu (M) au faisceau de tubes (5), au moins un premier réservoir (60a) et au moins un second réservoir (60b) séparé du premier réservoir (60a), l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) étant en liaison d'écoulement avec le canal annulaire (61), de sorte que la phase fluide (F) du premier milieu (M) puisse être introduite, depuis le canal annulaire (61), dans l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) et puisse être distribuée depuis celui-ci par l'intermédiaire d'ouvertures de sortie (600) de l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) sur une première zone (5a) du faisceau de tubes (5) et l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) étant en liaison d'écoulement avec le réservoir de collecte (62), de sorte que la phase fluide (F) du premier milieu (M) puisse être introduite, depuis le réservoir de collecte (62), dans l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) et puisse être distribuée depuis celui-ci par l'intermédiaire d'ouvertures de sortie (601) de l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) sur une seconde zone (5b) du faisceau de tubes (5).
  2. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur (1) présente une première soupape (7), par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le canal annulaire (61) peut être alimenté avec le premier milieu (M) et/ou en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur (1) présente une seconde soupape (8), par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le réservoir de collecte (62) du tube central (4) peut être alimenté avec le premier milieu (M).
  3. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal annulaire (61) est en liaison d'écoulement avec une première entrée (9) agencée sur l'enveloppe (2), de sorte que le premier milieu (M) puisse être introduit par l'intermédiaire de la première entrée (9) dans le canal annulaire (61), la première soupape (7) étant en particulier agencée en amont de la première entrée (9).
  4. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir de collecte (62) du tube central (4) est en liaison d'écoulement avec une seconde entrée (10) agencée sur l'enveloppe (2), de sorte que le premier milieu (M) puisse être introduit par l'intermédiaire de la seconde entrée (10) dans le réservoir de collecte (62), la seconde soupape (8) étant en particulier agencée en amont de la seconde entrée (10).
  5. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) et l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) sont agencés au-dessus du faisceau de tubes (5) de telle sorte que par un réglage des deux soupapes (7, 8), la quantité de la phase fluide (F) du premier milieu (M) appliquée par unité de surface et de temps sur le faisceau de tubes (5) dans une direction radiale (R) du faisceau de tubes (5) puisse être modifiée.
  6. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) et l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) peuvent être alimentés simultanément respectivement avec des débits massiques variables du premier milieu (M) par un réglage correspondant des soupapes (7, 8).
  7. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) est formé par un premier bras de distribution (60) du distributeur de fluide (6) et en ce que l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) est formé par un second bras de distribution (60) du distributeur de fluide (6).
  8. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) est formé par une première zone (60a) d'un bras de distribution (60) et en ce que l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) est formé par une seconde zone (60b) séparée de la première zone (60a) du bras de distribution (60).
  9. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les deux zones (60a, 60b) sont adjacentes l'une à l'autre dans la direction radiale (R), le long de laquelle le bras de distribution (60) s'étend.
  10. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les deux zones (60a, 60b) sont séparées l'une de l'autre par une paroi de séparation (60c) du bras de distribution (60) étendue dans la direction radiale (R).
  11. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les deux zones (60a, 60b) sont opposées l'une à l'autre dans la direction radiale (R), le long de laquelle le bras de distribution (60) s'étend.
  12. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 8 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que les deux zones (60a, 60b) sont séparées l'une de l'autre par une paroi de séparation (60c) étendue dans une direction circonférentielle (U) du tube central (4).
  13. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une ou plusieurs des ouvertures de sortie (600) de l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) se trouvent plus loin vers l'extérieur dans la direction radiale du faisceau de tubes (R) que les ouvertures de sortie (601) de l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) ou en ce qu'une ou plusieurs des ouvertures de sortie (601) de l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) se trouvent plus loin vers l'extérieur dans la direction radiale du faisceau de tubes (R) que les ouvertures de sortie (600) de l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a).
  14. Procédé de réalisation d'un échange de chaleur indirect entre au moins un premier milieu fluide (M) et un second milieu fluide (M') par l'utilisation d'un échangeur de chaleur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le second milieu (M') est introduit dans le faisceau de tubes (5) et dans lequel un premier débit massique du premier milieu (M) est introduit par l'intermédiaire du canal annulaire (61) dans l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) et dans lequel un second débit massique du premier milieu (M) est introduit par l'intermédiaire du réservoir de collecte (62) dans l'au moins un second réservoir (60b), dans lequel les deux débits massiques sont réglés afin de modifier la quantité de la phase fluide (F) du premier milieu (M) appliquée par unité de surface et de temps par l'intermédiaire des ouvertures de sortie (600, 601) de l'au moins un premier réservoir (60a) et de l'au moins un second réservoir (60b) au faisceau de tubes (5) dans une direction radiale (R) du faisceau de tubes (5).
EP20020143.2A 2019-04-02 2020-03-31 Distributeur de fluide réglable d'un échangeur de chaleur enroulé permettant de réaliser des différentes charges de fluide Active EP3719434B1 (fr)

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EP19020246.5A EP3719433A1 (fr) 2019-04-02 2019-04-02 Distributeur de fluide réglable d'un échangeur de chaleur enroulé permettant de réaliser des différentes charges de fluide

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EP20020143.2A Active EP3719434B1 (fr) 2019-04-02 2020-03-31 Distributeur de fluide réglable d'un échangeur de chaleur enroulé permettant de réaliser des différentes charges de fluide

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Publication number Publication date
RU2020111039A (ru) 2021-09-17
US20200318912A1 (en) 2020-10-08
EP3719433A1 (fr) 2020-10-07
CY1124903T1 (el) 2023-01-05
CN111795590B (zh) 2024-06-07
US11236945B2 (en) 2022-02-01
EP3719434A1 (fr) 2020-10-07
CN111795590A (zh) 2020-10-20

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