EP3712355B1 - Method for retrofitting a building with an elevator and set of components for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for retrofitting a building with an elevator system with a prefabricated shaft, as well as a set of components for carrying out the method.

The prefabricated shaft extends over at least two floors and includes a self-supporting sheet metal box which is intended to accommodate a car of the elevator system together with its guides and drive devices, which may also contain a counterweight. The at least one steel plate, which forms the self-supporting sheet metal box, runs in a straight line in a longitudinal direction of the shaft, which corresponds to the direction of movement of the cabin, while it is profiled in a cross-sectional plane that is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the shaft. Such a prefabricated shaft is from the EP 3 315 448 A2 known.

Traditionally, elevator shafts consist of a concrete or steel structure that is erected on site at the construction site. After the elevator shaft has been constructed, the actual elevator system is generally assembled on site by installing a cabin, its suspension and drive as well as all the components necessary for operation. This results in a total construction time of several weeks. This is particularly disadvantageous if the elevator system is used to retrofit an already existing and used building; Because access to the building is difficult during the construction phase.

A solution to this problem is already in the works BE 568 738 been revealed. There it was proposed to make the shaft of the elevator system from a plurality of thin-walled steel plates, which abut each other at the corners of the generally rectangular shaft and are connected and stabilized there using profiles, angle iron and the like. This made it possible to prefab the shaft as a sheet metal box and even to install the cabin and its guides and drive devices in the shaft at the factory and only then transport them to the construction site. The assembly time of the elevator system was significantly shortened due to such a high level of prefabrication.

In order to improve the stability of an elevator system with a shaft prefabricated in this way, the already mentioned EP 3 315 448 A2 proposed to make the sheet metal box with which the shaft is made from at least one steel plate which runs straight in the longitudinal direction of the shaft while being profiled in the cross-sectional plane; Preferably, the at least one steel plate is formed in one piece in the longitudinal direction over the entire extent of the shaft. This self-supporting and stable design of the sheet metal box makes it possible, on the one hand, to transport the prefabricated shaft from the factory to the construction site using a truck; On the other hand, the elevator system made with the self-supporting sheet metal box can be placed on an existing building due to its inherent stability without being supported on the building, so that the statics of the building remain unaffected and any recalculation of the same is unnecessary.

Elevator systems for attachment to a building or for retrofitting a building are usually used in older buildings where barrier-free access has not yet been taken into account. In particular, residential buildings with a plurality of residential units that are spread over several floors, but also administrative buildings and commercial buildings often have a plurality of floors, which are in particular divided into several residential units or other self-contained units have appropriate floor doors. These floor doors are usually accessed via a shared staircase. A common design of such multi-story houses integrates the stairwell at the front of the building, with an entrance door at ground level and a two-flight staircase that provides access to all floor doors via main landings on each floor and intermediate landings. In this design, these are located on the main platforms.

It is obvious that people with walking difficulties in such buildings have little chance of getting to the floor doors on their own. The transport of heavy objects usually has to be carried out via the stairwell and therefore often cannot be made easier with appropriate aids. It is therefore often desirable to retrofit such a multi-story building with an elevator system. One of the elevator systems described above with a prefabricated shaft is ideal for this.

From the DE 203 00 662 U1 a building construction for the subsequent connection of a handicapped-accessible outdoor elevator is known.

From the DE 10 2011 052 727 A1 An elevator system is known for connecting to a multi-story building.

From the JP 2016-13913 A An elevator system is also known, which can be installed at a suitable external position of an existing building.

From the DE 196 33 636 A1 an elevator system for attaching to a building from the outside or a method for retrofitting a building with such an elevator system is known. From this state of the art it is clear that retrofitting the building in this way only partially solves the problem of unhindered access for people with walking disabilities. Because if the retrofitted elevator system is on the front of the building in front of the stairwell and the transitions between the shaft and corresponding building openings in the front of the building have been made, a person who steps out of the elevator car on the desired floor only reaches one intermediate landing in the stairwell, so that there is another one to access the floor doors Half a floor must be climbed up or down using a section of the two-flight staircase.

If a corresponding building is to be modernized to be largely barrier-free by retrofitting an elevator system, a prefabricated elevator system or a prefabricated shaft has not yet been the method of choice to use the type mentioned at the beginning. Instead, it is necessary to gut the stairwell and completely rebuild it with an elevator system. Since access to the floor doors is generally not possible during the corresponding construction period, retrofitting a corresponding building with an elevator system is usually not done, at least from the point of view of maximum accessibility.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method for retrofitting a building with an elevator system and a set of components for carrying out this method, with which a building with a plurality of floors and a staircase that adjoins a front of the building and per floor has a main platform and an intermediate platform for a two-flight staircase, can be retrofitted with an elevator system, at least largely barrier-free.

This task is solved by a method with the features of claim 1 and a set of components with the features of claim 9.

Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are set out in claims 2 to 8; Preferred developments of the component set according to the invention can be found in claims 10 to 15.

The prefabricated shaft for an elevator system used according to the invention for attachment to a building from the outside makes it possible to retrofit a building with an elevator system in a largely barrier-free manner even if the building is accessible via a stairwell with intermediate landings. For this purpose, the shaft extends over at least two floors and includes a self-supporting sheet metal box made of at least one steel plate, which is intended to accommodate a car of the elevator system together with its guides and drive devices, i.e. possibly also a counterweight. The at least one steel plate runs in a straight line in a longitudinal direction of the shaft, which corresponds to the direction of movement of the cabin, while it is profiled in a cross-sectional plane that is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the shaft is. Preferably, the at least one steel plate extends in one piece in the longitudinal direction of the shaft over the entire extent thereof, while two or more steel plates are placed together in the circumferential direction, as is known per se. According to the invention, the sheet metal box of the shaft has a cross section that goes beyond the pure enclosure of the cabin and the other components: The sheet metal box is profiled in such a way that a cross-sectional area is created in the cross-sectional plane within the sheet metal box, which is essentially that of the cabin and its guides as well as drive devices required area, as well as the area of an elevator platform to bridge a distance between the cabin and the building. The prefabricated shaft is preferably made with an elevator platform per floor.

Such a prefabricated shaft, placed in front of the front of the building, can cover the entire width of the stairwell, so that when the building is retrofitted with the elevator system, it can be opened completely to the front of the building. Since there is space within the prefabricated shaft for an elevator platform that a person steps onto after leaving the cabin, the cabin can be arranged at a certain distance, namely the width of the elevator platform, in front of the front of the building, which increases the freedom of design inside the stairwell advantageously enlarged.

In buildings that have a stairwell with intermediate landings and whose ground floor is half a storey above ground level, it is essential to create external access to the ground floor level after the intermediate landings are removed without having to use the elevator system. This is made possible by the concept of the additional elevator landing to bridge a distance between the car and the building. Such external access can be created by opening access to the elevator platform via an external staircase next to the cabin. Without an elevator platform, external access through a metal box that covers the entire width of the staircase at the front of the building would only be possible if a corresponding additional platform was installed within the staircase would. However, the installation space is usually not sufficient for this. The elevator platform and the correspondingly designed cross section of the sheet metal box actually increase the area of the stairwell. This is also the case if the building to which the elevator system is to be attached does not contain a staircase with intermediate landings, so even then the prefabricated shaft used according to the invention offers advantages.

With the elevator platform provided according to the invention, the traffic area in front of the elevator system in the stairwell is expanded to the same level; Thus, with the concept according to the invention, the requirements for complete accessibility, which, in addition to level access, also require maneuvering areas of typically 1.5 m x 1.5 m in front of an elevator door, can be easily met.

Since the prefabricated shaft according to the invention is intended to retrofit a building with an elevator system and to cover the entire area of the stairwell on the front of the building, it is preferred if the metal box is provided with light openings in a wall adjacent to the elevator platforms. To increase the level of prefabrication, these light openings can already be equipped with windows when the prefabricated shaft is transported to the construction site.

If the prefabricated shaft is provided with elevator platforms, these preferably have anchoring devices for anchoring to elements of the stairwell, these anchoring devices preferably producing a floating anchor between the elevator platform and a further platform or web inside the stairwell.

The sheet metal box of the prefabricated shaft is preferably essentially open on the side that faces the front of the building when assembled. In this way, the sheet metal box increases the enclosed space of the stairwell, and in particular the elevator platforms become part of the stairwell. In the area where the cabin is located moved within the metal box, this building side of the shaft can be provided with cross struts and panels so that only one passage opening remains free for getting in and out of the cabin.

The sheet metal box of the prefabricated shaft preferably has a passage opening on a side that is not the side of the building, which is in a position in which the elevator platform for the ground floor of the building is located after the elevator system has been attached to a building. This passage opening thus forms the front door, which can be accessed via an external staircase, through which you can get into the building or the stairwell bypassing the elevator system. In addition, it offers advantages if there is another passage opening at ground level on a side of the metal box that is not the building side of the shaft and through which the cabin inside the shaft is accessible from the outside at ground level. This ensures barrier-free access to the elevator system, even if the prefabricated shaft according to the invention is used to retrofit a building whose ground floor is half a floor above ground level.

The sheet metal box of the prefabricated shaft preferably has a base surface which is provided with fastening elements for attaching the shaft to a foundation, the fastening elements advantageously having adjusting devices in order to be able to align the shaft vertically on the foundation.

For buildings whose entrance and stairwell are located on the front, the prefabricated shaft must be installed on this front. However, the supply lines for fresh water, wastewater, electricity and information technology usually run there at a depth of typically 1.20 m below ground level. A conventional prefabricated shaft is provided with an underpass below the lowest station of the cabin, in particular to provide sufficient movement path for a counterweight of the cabin. Since the lowest station approached by the cabin is for If there is to be a high degree of accessibility at ground level, the foundation of the elevator system needs to be excavated to a corresponding depth in order to create space for this underpass. To do this, however, the supply lines would have to be laid, which would involve a lot of effort and a period during which the building would not be usable. In the context of the present invention, it is therefore preferred if the sheet metal box has a shortened underside and is extended upwards in accordance with this shortening. This makes it possible to build the foundation for the elevator system at a depth that is still above the supply line. This depth is typically between 0.8 m and 1.0 m.

The elevator system used according to the invention for attachment to a building from the outside comprises a prefabricated shaft described above, a car which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, its guides and drive devices and an elevator platform for each floor. In order to increase the level of prefabrication, the elevator system preferably already includes all doors and windows as well as a seal for attaching the shaft to the front of the building. Due to the inherent stability of the sheet metal box used for the prefabricated shaft, the elevator system according to the invention can be transported to the construction site in the prefabricated state by truck and set up there.

The method according to the invention for retrofitting a building with an elevator system according to the invention is intended for a building that contains a plurality of floors, which are in particular divided and have floor doors which are accessible via a common staircase. The stairwell adjoins the front of the building and has a main landing for the floor doors and an intermediate landing for a two-flight staircase on each floor.

According to the method according to the invention, the elevator system is first prefabricated in the factory. A foundation for the elevator system is being built in front of the front of the building. Regardless of the time, the front of the If the building is opened to the width of the stairwell, the intermediate landings and the two-flight staircase are removed, walkways are installed at the height of the main landings, which extend horizontally from the main landings to the front of the building and only partially, in particular half, the cross section of the stairwell to leave clear space for a staircase, and a single flight of stairs is installed, which connects the individual webs with each other and together forms a modified staircase. The prefabricated elevator system is then transported from the factory to the construction site, placed on the foundation, aligned on it and thereby attached to the front of the building. A connection is made between the elevator platforms and the webs of each floor, which is preferably designed to be floating in order to enable a small relative movement between the elevator system and the building. Finally, access to the elevator platform on the ground floor is created from outside the building, preferably by attaching a front door to the metal box of the elevator shaft and attaching an external staircase in order to be able to reach the front door from the ground level.

With the method according to the invention, it is possible for the first time to retrofit an existing and used building with a largely barrier-free elevator system within a few working days, typically three to four days, and then to completely release the building for unrestricted use. Due to the high degree of prefabrication of the elevator system, operational safety tests and approvals are limited to an on-site acceptance of the fully installed elevator system, which can typically take place within one day.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the contact points between the elevator system and the front of the building are sealed, in particular with assembly foam and/or an elastomeric sealing element. This can be, for example, a U-profile or a hose that is filled with fire protection foam.

To create the foundation for the elevator system in front of the front of the building, a casing for a shallow foundation is preferably made, in particular with a casing base of approx. 0.8 m to 1.0 m deep, in order to accommodate any supply lines, which are typically at a depth of approx .1.2 m are laid, not to be affected.

The foundation itself is preferably made as a foundation slab made of a one- or multi-part precast concrete part. This has the advantage that the foundation plate does not have to be concreted on site, but can be delivered ready by truck. For this purpose, the foundation plate can be designed in several parts, with each prefabricated concrete part that is to become part of the foundation plate having dimensions and a weight that allow transport on a normal truck.

The foundation plate is preferably made from two prefabricated concrete parts that are not initially connected to one another. Only after the elevator system has been set up on the foundation are the two prefabricated concrete parts indirectly attached to one another by fixing the shaft of the elevator system partly on the first and partly on the second precast concrete part.

For the single-flight staircase, which connects the individual webs with each other and together forms a modified staircase, straight staircase sections with a quarter-turn entrance and exit, or with a quarter-turn landing at the entrance and exit, are preferably used. This shape of the stair sections makes the intermediate landings unnecessary; The main landings are also preferably not part of the staircase, but rather just the webs connecting the individual staircase sections on the way up or down. This can be particularly advantageous when it comes to ensuring that the stairwell is completely barrier-free, as the main landings remain as purely maneuvering areas.

In an alternative embodiment, straight stair sections with only a quarter-turn entrance or exit can be used, whereby the Depending on the orientation of their slope, stair sections begin or end at the main landing or use the main landing as a quarter landing of the stairs.

According to the invention, two alternatives are provided for the installation of the webs and the single-flight staircase to replace the removed intermediate landings and the two-flight staircase:
According to a first alternative, before the bridges are installed, a cross member is inserted, which is attached to the outer walls of the front of the building on both sides of the stairwell, and on which the respective bridge is placed. Here, the removal of the intermediate landings and the double-flight staircase as well as the installation of the webs and the single-flight staircase are carried out in sections successively from top to bottom, for example using a lifting platform.

According to a second alternative, the installation of the webs and the single-flight staircase is carried out by installing a pre-assembled staircase module. This is not a step-by-step process, but rather the stairwell is first gutted by removing the intermediate landings and the two-flight staircase in order to be able to use the stairwell module in one piece. The staircase module contains at least the webs and the stair sections, which connect the webs in one direction and preferably have a quarter-turn entrance and/or exit. In addition, the staircase module contains, as an essential element, a holding structure to which the webs and the stair sections are attached and which preferably essentially consists of a number of interconnected profiles or tubes running in the stairwell and connecting all webs to one another.

In order to simplify the installation of the stairwell module, a separate basement stair module is preferably used, which includes a single-flight stair section and supports for the stairwell module, before installation of the stairwell module is installed by inserting it into the gutted stairwell and placing it there on the basement floor.

The installation of the stairwell module becomes particularly easy if auxiliary rails for pushing the stairwell module into the building are attached at ground level and the stairwell module can be inserted through the open front of the building using the auxiliary rails. It is advisable to cover the foundation for the elevator system before attaching the auxiliary rails in order to avoid any damage to the foundation. After inserting the staircase module, the auxiliary rails can be removed or cut to length, and the staircase module essentially rests on the supports of the basement staircase module. In addition, the webs of the stairwell module can be connected to building walls and/or the main landings. Such a stairwell module in turn increases the level of prefabrication when retrofitting a building with an elevator system, which further shortens the construction time for retrofitting.

Finally, the present invention also includes a set of components for carrying out the method according to the invention, this set of components comprising at least one prefabricated shaft according to the invention and a preassembled staircase module, the staircase module consisting of a web for each floor as well as stair sections which connect the webs in one direction, and one There is a holding structure to which at least the webs and preferably also the stair sections are attached.

Preferably, the holding structure of the pre-assembled stairwell module essentially consists of a number of interconnected profiles or tubes that run in the stairwell and connect all the webs with one another.

The stair sections of the pre-assembled stairwell module are preferably designed as stair sections with a quarter-turn entrance and/or exit or with a quarter landing at the entrance and/or exit.

The component set according to the invention can also include a foundation plate made of a one- or multi-part precast concrete part, as well as a separate basement staircase module with a single-flight staircase section and supports for the staircase module.

Figuren 1 bis 20

unterschiedliche Phasen bei der Durchführung eines Ausführungsbeispiels für ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren, in schematischer Darstellung;

Figur 21

einen seitlichen Querschnitt durch ein Treppenhaus eines Gebäudes aus den Figuren 1 bis 20, mit nachgerüsteter Aufzugsanlage;

Figur 22

drei Schnitte mit Ansichten des Treppenhauses aus Figur 21 von oben, und zwar durch das Kellergeschoss, durch das Erdgeschoss und durch ein Obergeschoss;

Figur 23

ein Querschnitt durch die untere Hälfte des Treppenhauses, nach einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 24

einen Teil eines seitlichen Querschnitts wie Figur 21, jedoch nach einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 25

einen Schnitt mit Ansicht von oben wie Figur 22c, jedoch nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel aus Figur 24.

An exemplary embodiment of an elevator system designed according to the invention and an exemplary embodiment for carrying out a method according to the invention are described and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Figures 1 to 20

different phases in carrying out an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention, in a schematic representation;

Figure 21

a side cross section through a stairwell of a building from the Figures 1 to 20 , with retrofitted elevator system;

Figure 22

three sections with views of the staircase Figure 21 from above, namely through the basement, through the ground floor and through an upper floor;

Figure 23

a cross section through the lower half of the staircase, according to another embodiment;

Figure 24

a part of a lateral cross section like Figure 21 , but according to a different embodiment;

Figure 25

a section with a view from above like Figure 22c , but according to the exemplary embodiment Figure 24 .

That in the Figures 1 to 20 The method designed according to the invention, shown schematically in selected method steps, is an example of the inventive retrofitting of a used residential building with an elevator system, which can be done on site within three working days.

Figure 1 shows schematically a front side 1 of a four-story building, the ground floor of which is half a floor height above ground level 2. The four floors 3 located above ground level 2 accommodate a total of eight apartments, which are accessible via floor doors 4. These make the apartments accessible via a central staircase 5, which adjoins the front 1 of the building and can be accessed from the outside via a house entrance 6.

Figure 2 shows stairwell 5 in greater detail. This makes it clear that the stairwell 5 contains, in addition to eight floor doors 4, a main landing 7 for each floor, which is assigned to the floor doors 4, and an intermediate landing 8 for a two-flight staircase 9. It is also clear here that the house entrance 6, which is located on ground level 2, leads to an intermediate landing for the two-flight staircase 9, so that access to the ground floor can only be reached via a section of the two-flight staircase.

Figure 3 symbolizes the collection of residents who are moving to a hotel for the three days of construction work.

Figure 4 shows that the construction work begins with a casing 10 for a shallow foundation for the elevator system (not yet shown here) and, in parallel, with a cut 11 to open the front 1 of the building in the width of the stairwell 5.

In order to protect any supply lines in the building for fresh water, wastewater, electricity and/or data traffic against excessive loads, how can Figure 5 shows, a specific cover 12 can be attached in the case 10. The excavation 10 is typically 0.8 m to 1.0 m deep so that the supply lines can remain in place.

Figure 6 symbolizes the delivery and insertion of a first precast concrete part 13 as part of a foundation plate 14 into the box 10, while the opening of the front 1 of the building progresses.

In Figure 7 a second precast concrete part 13 'has been delivered and inserted into the box 10, so that the foundation plate 14 is already completed.

How Figure 8 shows, the foundation plate 14 is then protected by placing a foundation cover 15 for further construction work.

In Figure 9 It is shown schematically that after opening the front 1 of the building, the two-flight staircase 9 and the intermediate landings 8 are removed from the stairwell 5. The main platforms 7, however, remain in place.

How Figure 10 shows, a basement staircase module 16 is then introduced into the stairwell 5 and placed on the floor of the basement. This basement staircase module 16 essentially consists of a staircase section 23 and a support 17 for setting up a staircase module (not yet shown here).

In Figure 11 is shown how three auxiliary rails 18 are introduced into the stairwell 5 at ground level 2, namely one auxiliary rail 18 on the side walls of the stairwell 5 and a third auxiliary rail 18 on the support 17 of the basement staircase module 16. The auxiliary rails 18 run over the foundation cover 15 gone.

As the Figures 12 , 13 and 14 show, a stairwell module 19, which was prefabricated in the factory and can be delivered with a truck 20 due to its inherent stability, is then lifted from the truck 20 by means of a crane truck 21, placed on the auxiliary rails 18 and pushed into the stairwell 5 along the auxiliary rails 18 . The stairwell module 19 consists of a single-flight staircase 22 with individual staircase sections 23, each of which has a quarter-turn entry and exit in order to connect a web 24 for each floor with the web 24 'below or above it. In particular Figure 15 clarifies that the quarter-turn staircase sections 23 mean that the main platforms 7 continue to be retained as maneuvering areas with a view to desirable accessibility; the same applies to the elevator platforms 35 (not shown here) (cf. Figures 21 to 23 ).

The stairwell module 19 obtains the necessary inherent stability through a holding structure 25, which is arranged in the stairwell and comprises a plurality of vertically extending steel tubes, which connect the individual webs 24, 24' to one another and ultimately transfer the load to the support 17 of the basement staircase module 16.

After making connections between the webs 24 and the main platforms 7, and if necessary after additionally securing the webs 24 and/or the stair sections 23 on the side walls of the stairwell 5, the foundation cover 15 is removed again and the auxiliary rails are dismantled by cutting them to length accordingly. This condition shows Figure 15 .

The construction site is thus prepared for the delivery of an elevator system 26 designed according to the invention, which in turn is delivered with a truck 20 and is lifted and set up by means of a crane truck 21, as is the case Figures 16 and 17 show. The elevator system 26 consists of a prefabricated shaft 27 designed according to the invention, in which a cabin (not visible here) together with its guides and drive devices and other facilities necessary for operation are installed. The shaft 27 also includes elevator platforms (not visible here) for each floor as well as a number of light openings 28 with windows, a front door 29 and a ground-level passage opening 30 positioned at ground level 2 for operating the cabin guided in the shaft 27.

How Figure 17 shows, the elevator system 26 is placed on the foundation plate 14 and then aligned and fixed. At the same time, the contact surfaces between the shaft 27 and the front 1 of the building are sealed with fire protection foam. How based Figure 17 can be seen, the shaft 27 covers the entire width of the stairwell 5, so that after the elevator system 26 has been set up, the front 1 of the building is closed again.

In order to create an escape route or access to the stairwell 5 and to the individual floor doors 4 bypassing the elevator, the front door 29, which is now at the level of the ground floor, as it leads to the ground floor elevator platform, from where the Ground floor walkway 24 and the ground floor main landing 7 can be reached, equipped with an external landing 31 and an external staircase 32.

After removing the elevator system 26 and attaching railings 33 and a canopy 34, how Figure 19 shows, the retrofitting of the building with the elevator system 26 is completed and the residents can see how Figure 20 symbolizes moving back into their apartments.

Figure 21 illustrates the result of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention in a side sectional view through the stairwell 5. The associated one Figure 22 shows a sectional view from above through the basement ( Figure 22 a ), through the ground floor ( Figure 22b ) and through one of the upper floors ( Figure 22c ), which particularly illustrates the inventive construction of the elevator system 26 or the prefabricated shaft 27.

How Figure 21 shows, stairwell 5 consists of four above-ground floors, a ground floor and three upper floors, as well as a basement floor. The floor doors 4 each open onto a main platform 7, which has remained in its original condition. The front 1 of the building has been opened, and the main platforms 7 have been connected at the same level to elevator platforms 35 by means of webs 24 inserted and attached to the stairwell side walls, which were attached to the front side 1 of the building together with the prefabricated shaft 27. The shaft 27 stands on a foundation plate 14, which was previously inserted into a corresponding box 10 in front of the front 1 of the building.

At terrain level 2, an outwardly oriented passage opening 30 can be reached in the shaft 27, through which a cabin (not shown here) which can be moved in the longitudinal direction within the shaft 27 is accessible. Alternatively, access to the staircase 5 is guaranteed via the external staircase 32 and the front door 29 to the ground floor elevator platform 35, from where the single-flight staircase 22 with the webs 24 can be reached without having to use the elevator system 26.

How Figure 21 clarified, every level of each main platform 7 or each floor door 4 can be reached directly via the elevator system 26, and every floor door 4 can be reached barrier-free from the elevator system 26 at the same level via the elevator platform 35, the web 24 and the main platform 7.

The stair sections 23 with quarter-turn entry and exit prevent the main landings 7 and the elevator landings 35 from having to be part of the single-flight staircase 22. Rather, they can be used purely as traffic and maneuvering areas in the sense of complete accessibility. Appropriate railings ensure the necessary traffic safety.

Based Figure 22 , in particular Figure 22b , the central function of the elevator platform 35 is made clear. Because this is the only way it is possible to find an escape route or to ensure access to the stairwell 5 without having to use the elevator system 26. Since the ground floor, which is half a floor above ground level 2, can only be reached at the same level via a walkway 24 from the front 1 of the building, an external staircase 32 must be provided, via which you can get from ground level 2 to walkway 24 can. If the car 36 of the elevator system 26 were not spaced from the front 1 of the building, as is the case here, but rather opened directly to the footbridge 24, it would not be possible to get to the footbridge 24 via the external stairs 32. At the same time, the elevator platform 35 increases the area of the stairwell 5, since the shaft 27 with its elevator platform 35 covers the entire width of the stairwell 5 and thereby closes the front 1 of the building again.

Figure 22a Incidentally, it once again illustrates that the foundation plate 24 is composed of two prefabricated concrete parts 13, which are indirectly connected to one another by attaching each prefabricated concrete part 13, 13' to the elevator system 26. The stair section 36, which leads from the basement to the ground floor, has a quarter-turn entrance, but a straight exit, since it is part of the basement staircase module 16, which ultimately forms a support 17 for the staircase module 19.

The design of the modified staircase with a single-flight staircase 22, as in the exemplary embodiment Figures 1 to 20 is formed by a prefabricated staircase module 19 and a basement staircase module 16, is in Figure 23 shown again in more detail in a side sectional partial view. It can also be seen here that the stair sections 23 as well as the holding structure 25 of the stairwell module 19 are prefabricated from steel profiles.

Figure 24 is a side sectional view through the stairwell 5 according to another exemplary embodiment compared to the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 21 is shown. Here again a prefabricated stairwell module was used, which corresponds to that of the exemplary embodiment Figure 21 differs in that the individual stair sections 23 are straight, i.e. have no quarter-turn entrances and exits.

With this design, the main platforms 7 and the elevator platforms 35 are used as part of the single-flight staircase 22, as shown Figure 25 , a section with a view of the staircase Figure 24 can be clearly seen from above, namely through an upper floor. As can be seen from this figure, it is a relatively wide stairwell, so that the shaft 27 with cabin 36 can be set asymmetrically to the stairwell 5 and the elevator platform 35 in such a way that the traffic space necessary for accessibility or training for the disabled is available the cabin 36 does not coincide with the area of the elevator platform 35 on which the straight staircase section 23 is attached and which would therefore have to be viewed as part of the single-flight staircase 22.

If the staircase has sufficient width for an embodiment according to Figures 24 and 25 For cost reasons, it may be advantageous to form the single-flight staircase 22 from straight staircase sections 23.

Claims (15)

1. Method for retrofitting a building with a lift system, wherein the building contains a plurality of stories (3) which are in particular subdivided and have story doors (4) which are accessible via a common staircase (5), wherein the staircase (5) is adjacent to a front side (1) of the building and, for each story (3), has a main landing (7) for the story doors (4) and an intermediate landing (8) for a double flight of stairs (9),
   comprising the method steps of:

   - prefabricating the lift system (26) with a shaft (27), with a cabin (36) which is movable in a longitudinal direction of the shaft (27), with the guides and drive mechanisms of said cabin, and in each case with a lift landing (35) for bridging a distance between the cabin (36) and the building for each story (3), wherein the shaft (27) extends over at least two stories (3) and comprises a self-supporting sheet metal box made of at least one steel plate which is provided for receiving the cabin (36) together with its guides and drive mechanisms, which steel plate extends in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (27) while being profiled in a cross-sectional plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the shaft (27), and wherein the sheet metal box of the shaft (27) has a cross section which forms, in the cross-sectional plane within the sheet metal box, a cross-sectional area substantially containing the area required by the cabin (36) and its guides and drive mechanisms and additionally the area of the lift landing (35),

   - fabricating a foundation (14) for the lift system (26) in front of the front side (1) of the building,

   - opening the front side (1) of the building in the width of the staircase (5),

   - removing the intermediate landings (8) and the double flight of stairs (9),

   - installing walkways (24) at the height of the main landings (7), which walkways extend horizontally from the main landings (7) to the front side (1) of the building and thereby only partially cover the cross section of the staircase (5) to provide clear space for a flight of stairs,

   - installing a single flight of stairs (22) which connects the individual walkways (24) to one another and forms a modified staircase therewith,

   - placing the lift system (26) on the foundation (14),

   - aligning the lift system (26) on the foundation (14) and joining the lift system (26) to the front side (1) of the building,

   - establishing a connection between the lift landings (35) and the walkways (24) on each story (3),

   - establishing access to the lift landing (35) of the ground floor from outside the building.
2. Method according to claim 1,
   wherein the installation of the walkways (24) and the installation of the single flight of stairs (22) is carried out by installing a preassembled staircase module (19) which contains at least the walkways (24) and stair sections (23) which connect the walkways (24) over one flight, and a holding structure (25) to which the walkways (24) and the stair sections (23) are fastened.
3. Method according to claim 2,
   wherein a staircase module (19) is used whose holding structure (25) is substantially formed of a number of interconnected profiles or tubes, running in a stairwell or between the walkways (24) and the stair sections (23) and connecting all of the walkways (24) to one another, and wherein before the installation of the staircase module (19), a basement staircase module (16) having supports (17) for the staircase module (19) is installed.
4. Method according to claim 3,
   wherein before the installation of the staircase module (19), auxiliary rails (18) are attached for sliding the staircase module (19) into the building, and the staircase module (19) is slid in, using the auxiliary rails (18), through the open front side (1) of the building.
5. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4,
   wherein the foundation is fabricated as a foundation plate (14) from a one-part or multi-part precast concrete part (13).
6. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5,
   wherein straight stair sections (23) having a quarter-turn entrance and/or exit or having a quarter landing at the entrance and/or exit are used for the single flight of stairs (22).
7. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6,
   wherein a shaft (27) for the lift system (26) is used to establish access to the lift landing (35) of the ground floor from outside the building, the sheet metal box of which shaft, in a position in which the lift landing (35) for the ground floor of the building is located after the lift system (26) has been attached to the building on a side that is not the building side of the shaft (27), is provided with a passage opening for a front door (29), and wherein an outer staircase (32) is attached to the shaft (27) and connects the passage opening of the shaft (27) to the ground level (2).
8. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7,
   wherein before the installation of the walkways (24), in each case a crossbeam is used which is fastened on both sides of the staircase (5) to the outer walls of the front side (1) of the building, and wherein the respective walkway (24) is placed on the crossbeam.
9. Component kit for performing the method according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least a shaft (27) for a lift system and a preassembled staircase module (19), wherein the staircase module (19) consists of a walkway (24) for each story (3) and stair sections (23) which connect the walkways (24) over a single flight, and a holding structure (25) to which the walkways (24) and preferably also the stair sections (23) are fastened, and wherein the shaft (27) extends over at least two stories (3) and comprises a self-supporting sheet metal box made of at least one steel plate which is provided for receiving a cabin (36) together with its guides and drive mechanisms, which steel plate extends in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (27) while being profiled in a cross-sectional plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the shaft (27), and wherein the sheet metal box of the shaft (27) has a cross section which forms, in the cross-sectional plane within the sheet metal box, a cross-sectional area substantially containing the area required by a cabin (36) and its guides and drive mechanisms and additionally the area of a lift landing (35) of the shaft in each case for bridging a distance between the cabin and the respective story.
10. Component kit according to claim 9,
    wherein the holding structure (25) substantially consists of a number of interconnected profiles or tubes which extend in a stairwell or between the walkways (24) and the stair sections (23) and connect all of the walkways (24) to one another.
11. Component kit according to one of claims 9 or 10,
    wherein the stair sections (23) are designed as stair sections having a quarter-turn entrance and/or exit or having a quarter landing at the entrance and/or exit.
12. Component kit according to at least one of claims 9 to 11,
    further comprising a foundation plate (14) made of a one-part or multi-part precast concrete part (13).
13. Component kit according to at least one of claims 11 to 14,
    further comprising a basement staircase module (16) having supports (17) for the staircase module (19).
14. Component kit according to at least one of claims 9 to 13,
    wherein the shaft (27) comprises the sheet metal box and a lift landing (35) for each story (3), which lift landing is provided with anchoring devices for anchoring to elements of the staircase (5) of the building.
15. Component kit according to at least one of claims 9 to 14,
    wherein the sheet metal box is substantially open on a building side of the shaft (27).

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