EP3711970A1 - Procédé de finissage d'un panneau de construction fourni - Google Patents

Procédé de finissage d'un panneau de construction fourni Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3711970A1
EP3711970A1 EP19164625.6A EP19164625A EP3711970A1 EP 3711970 A1 EP3711970 A1 EP 3711970A1 EP 19164625 A EP19164625 A EP 19164625A EP 3711970 A1 EP3711970 A1 EP 3711970A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
embossed
depth
embossing
building board
height
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19164625.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Kalwa
Frank Oldorff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flooring Technologies Ltd
Original Assignee
Flooring Technologies Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flooring Technologies Ltd filed Critical Flooring Technologies Ltd
Priority to EP19164625.6A priority Critical patent/EP3711970A1/fr
Publication of EP3711970A1 publication Critical patent/EP3711970A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
    • B44B5/0047—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins by rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
    • B44B5/02—Dies; Accessories
    • B44B5/028—Heated dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for finishing a provided building board, in particular made of MDF, HDF or a wood-based material-plastic mixture with an upper side and an underside, wherein a relief is embossed at least in the upper side, which consists of at least one strip-shaped depression running in a longitudinal direction with a depth.
  • Such a method is for example from WO 2017/164806 A1 known. With this process, a floor panel is refined by pressing a bevel into the side edges starting from the top.
  • the ones from the EP 1 820 640 B1 known building panels are divided into individual panels after finishing and used, for example, as floor or wall and ceiling panels and are often provided with a wood, stone or fantasy decoration with a superimposed, three-dimensional surface.
  • the divided panels have connecting means (tongue and groove) and are mostly equipped with locking means for locking adjacent panels in the horizontal and vertical direction (so-called click panels).
  • the superimposition of decor and three-dimensional surface creates a realistic visual and haptic impression of the imitated material.
  • a structure that is adapted to the decor is referred to as a decor-synchronous structure (embossed register).
  • the decoration is either in the form of a paper layer laminated onto the carrier plate or as a color layer printed directly on the carrier plate.
  • the decor is also provided with a wear-resistant layer.
  • overlays or abrasion-resistant lacquer or resin layers after hardening.
  • the decor-synchronous structure is available as a three-dimensional surface structure and is embossed into the panel surface by means of a corresponding three-dimensionally structured press plate.
  • the thermal components of the coating that can be activated under pressure melt and run and fill the three-dimensional structural embossing while curing.
  • the structure usually has a height of up to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the number and depth of the structures are limited by the available amount of activatable components, the bulk density of the carrier and the pressing force.
  • the abutting edges at which adjacent floor panels meet are problematic. Depending on the incidence of light, even the smallest differences in height cause optically unsightly shadows that negatively affect the overall appearance of a floor.
  • the panels are also sensitive to moisture due to the wood-based core. Any liquid spilled on the floor must be wiped away as quickly as possible to prevent the liquid from penetrating into the joint between the abutting edges. If water penetrates, the wood fibers in the carrier board can swell and cause irreversible damage, since the swelling pressure of the wood destroys the structure and / or the adhesive is partially hydrolyzed. For this reason, it is important that special attention is paid to the later abutting edges during the manufacture of the panels. Adjacent panels should be able to lie tightly against one another, panels should have an optically uniform appearance to a floor, and precautions must be taken to ensure that spilled liquid cannot immediately flow into the connecting joints.
  • the EP 3 059 020 A1 discloses a method for producing a wood-based panel provided with a decorative layer which provides for treating at least a portion of its surface with water-containing steam, sanding the moistened surface and then providing at least one decorative layer.
  • the U.S. 4,579,767 A discloses a hardboard in which a tile pattern simulated by indentations extending in the longitudinal direction and transverse direction is embossed and which is coated to imitate tiles. A large number of individual tiles are shown on each hardboard. Several hardboard can be placed next to each other.
  • the method described at the outset is to be improved accordingly in such a way that the embossing of the depression is simplified and the embossed relief is clearly contoured.
  • the essential manufacturing steps should remain as unchanged as possible in order to be able to use existing systems. There should be no increase in costs or a slowdown in the production process.
  • a generic method according to the invention provides that the building board is heated to a temperature of 80 to 100 ° C to produce the relief and then the at least one recess is heated to a temperature of 100 to 150 ° by means of at least one C heated calender roll is embossed to a depth of at least 0.5 mm, the calender roll having structural elements corresponding to the desired relief.
  • the structural elements preferably run in the circumferential direction and are formed by a ring placed on the cylinder jacket of the calender roll.
  • At least one further recess is embossed at an angle of preferably 90 ° transversely to the at least one longitudinal recess, in the transverse direction, individual panels can later be cut out of the large-format building board, which are lowered on both the long sides and the transverse sides Have margins.
  • top is then lowered at the side edges through the embossed depressions.
  • the abutting edges of adjacent panels are therefore lower than the top.
  • a height offset cannot create shadows that are visually noticeable because all butt joints are lowered.
  • Corresponding edge profiling enables a firm connection to be achieved between adjacent panels, effectively preventing liquid from penetrating too quickly into the butt joint.
  • the recesses running in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction can be produced by means of several calender rolls.
  • the recesses running in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction are preferably embossed by means of a single calender roller.
  • the depressions In order for the depressions to be visually perceptible, they must have a minimum depth of 0.5 mm. The material must not be damaged or even destroyed when the relief is embossed. To achieve this, the building board and the calender roll are heated. The building board can be heated with steam. Depending on the material from which the building board is made, a so-called "spring-back effect" can appear, which leads to a change in the contour of the embossed depression. The displaced material springs back. In order to still achieve the required structural depth, the height of the structuring of the calender roll in the circumferential direction can be made 20 to 40%, preferably 25 to 35%, in particular 30% greater than the depth of the indentations to be embossed in the longitudinal direction.
  • the height of the structural element in the transverse structuring must be even higher be. It is 40 to 60%, preferably 45 to 55%, in particular 50% more than the indentation to be embossed in the transverse direction.
  • a fibreboard in particular an MDF or HDF board
  • its raw density profile course of the density over the cross section of the board
  • a conventional raw density profile as it is for example from the EP 3 023 261 B1
  • the greatest raw density results in the area of the top and bottom of the board. Due to the heat input during pressing, a pressed skin forms on the top and bottom, which is also called a "rotting layer".
  • An HDF board is preferably used as the building board, the top of which is also provided with a pressed skin.
  • This pressed skin can have a thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 mm.
  • the bulk density of the building board in the top layer forming the top is preferably between 800 and 950 kg / m 3 .
  • a building board made of a wood-based plastic mixture can also be used. Regardless of the material used for the building board, it is advantageous if it has a filler content of up to 70% based on the total weight. Calcium carbonate or substances with comparable properties can be used as fillers.
  • a compensation agent can be applied to the top of the building board prior to embossing.
  • This compensation agent is preferably aqueous melamine resin and in particular preferably adjusted to be deformable by means of elasticizing agents. Acrylates, polyols, caprolactam, etc. come into consideration as elasticizing agents.
  • the coating agent is dried after application
  • an elastic primer is applied to the upper side of the building board before the embossing, in order to ensure a well-printable surface create, can consist of a white color.
  • At least the depression can be printed with a single-color or multi-color decoration by means of a digital printer.
  • the entire top is printed with a decoration.
  • any other color can be used if necessary. It is important that the primer survives the plastic deformation during the subsequent embossing.
  • the first embossing step can be carried out by means of at least one calender roller. This has the advantage that the embossing step can be integrated into the production line. The embossing can then directly follow the pressing of the wood-based panel in a press in which the previously scattered fiber cake was pressed to form a panel of the desired thickness. This optimizes production.
  • the building board After completion of the structure, which consists of at least a primer, the decor and, if necessary, an abrasion-resistant layer, the building board is laminated in a short-cycle press under high pressure and high temperature in relation to the environment and, in a second embossing step, is again in the at least one Embossed strip-shaped recess in order to achieve the formation of the side walls, if possible without changing the depth of the position of the bottom wall.
  • the side walls formed in the first embossing step are "rounded" so that these rounded areas are converted back into a flat, straight surface by the second embossing step.
  • markings can be printed on the bottom walls of the at least one depression, which can consist of lines, circles, points, crosses or other graphic symbols. Lines are preferred. Using these markings, the building board can be aligned for the second embossing step and further subsequent processing steps using a camera system.
  • the repeated embossing in the recess in the second embossing step is preferably carried out in a short-cycle press in which strip-shaped elevations are applied to the press plate.
  • a structure can be embossed into the upper side, which at least partially runs synchronously with the decoration, which is called “embossed register” in technical language.
  • the large-format panel After the large-format panel has been completed, it is separated along the embossed depressions and thus divided into individual panels.
  • Saw cuts are preferably made centrally in the recesses running in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction and the individual panels are then profiled on their side edges in such a way that several panels can be connected to one another without glue.
  • a calender roller for embossing at least one strip-shaped recess in at least the upper side of a provided building board made of a wood material, in particular made of MDF or HDF, or a wood material-plastic mixture consists essentially of a cylinder body arranged around an axis of rotation and at least one structural element running in the circumferential direction , which is essentially complementary (congruent) to the indentation to be embossed and has a height protruding radially from the lateral surface of the cylinder body.
  • the height of the structural element is 20 to 40%, preferably 25 to 35%, particularly preferably 30% more than the depth of the depression to be embossed.
  • a structural element running in the axial direction (transverse direction) is provided on the cylinder body, which is essentially complementary (congruent) to the depression to be embossed in the transverse direction of the plate and has a height protruding radially from the lateral surface of the cylinder body.
  • the height of the structural element or elements running in the axial direction (transverse direction) is 40 to 60%, preferably 45 to 55%, in particular 50% greater than the depth of the recess to be embossed in the transverse direction.
  • the structural elements are preferably linear and run at an angle of 90 ° to one another.
  • the structural elements can have any cross section. They are preferably designed with a U, V, W, Y or a comparable cross section.
  • a plurality of structural elements extending parallel to one another are arranged at least in the circumferential direction.
  • the structural elements can also be divided between several calender rolls.
  • the temperature of the calender roll can be increased or decreased compared to the ambient temperature.
  • the calender roll can therefore be heated or cooled.
  • the starting point is a large-format MDF or HDF board with a length of 2,800 or 1,860 mm, a width of 2,070 mm and a thickness of 6 to 14 mm, which is divided into smaller boards (panels) after finishing.
  • the bulk density is lower than that of a conventional HDF board.
  • the top layer tips were opposite the standard by at least 40 kg / m 3 .
  • Good results were achieved with a reduction of up to 60 kg / m 3 .
  • the bulk density is in the range from 850 to 950 kg / m 3 .
  • An example of the bulk density profile of an MDF board is shown in FIG.
  • this is first heated to a temperature between 80 and 100 ° C. by means of steam. Then 10 to 50 g / m 3 , preferably 30 g / m 3 of aqueous melamine resin are applied as a coating agent.
  • This can be a standard impregnating resin with a solids content of 50 to 65% by weight, preferably 60% by weight.
  • other additives such as hardeners, wetting agents and the like can be present in the solution.
  • the liquid melamine resin is made deformable by elasticizing agents. Acrylates, polyols, caprolactam, etc. can be used as elasticizing agents.
  • UF resin or a mixture of UF and melamine resin can also be used as a coating agent.
  • Either it is a postforming resin or a standard impregnation resin which is made more elastic by adding flexibilizers (e.g. 1,4-butanediol, caprolactam, polyglycol, etc.).
  • flexibilizers e.g. 1,4-butanediol, caprolactam, polyglycol, etc.
  • a subsequent addition of the elasticizing agent should be of the order of about 3 to 7% by weight.
  • the building board 1 pretreated in this way is placed under one or more calender rolls 20, which are arranged one behind the other and heated to a temperature of 100-150 ° C, with embossing rings arranged parallel to one another, which serve as first structural elements 205, and a web running in the axial direction Q, which is the second Structural element 206 is used, passed through.
  • indentations 5, 6 with a depth Tu of at least 0.5 mm are embossed in the top 2 over the at least two structural elements 205 in the longitudinal direction L and over the second structural element 206 in the transverse direction Q.
  • the transverse direction Q in relation to the building board 1 is identical to the axial direction Q in relation to the calender roll 20.
  • the line pressure of the structural elements 205 is up to 300 N / mm and the surface temperature is up to 220 ° C. under certain circumstances.
  • the coating agent is at least partially converted on the upper side 2, that is to say at least partially hardens and thereby increases the Bulk density.
  • the depressions 5, 6 can be formed in a stepped manner, for example by using several calender rollers 20 with different embossing rings as structural elements 205 and embossing, for example, initially 0.3 mm and then a further depth of at least 0.5 mm.
  • a structure can be engraved in the jacket 22 of the calender roll 20, which structure is then embossed next to the depressions 5, 6 in the top side 3 in the first embossing step. If the building board 1 can exhibit a so-called "spring back" during embossing, the height of the structural elements 205, 206 must be greater than the depth of the relief to be embossed.
  • the top 2 is primed with a white base color, which is also set to be elastic.
  • the base color can be applied in one or more layers.
  • a decor 3 is printed onto the primer 11 by means of digital printing, the color dots of the digital printer being mapped not only on the flat top 2, but also on the side walls 5.1, 5.2 and the bottom wall 5.3 of the strip-shaped depressions 5, 6, so that the wells 5, 6 are completely decorated.
  • the decoration 3 can be single-colored or multi-colored and is applied in such a way that it runs at least partially synchronously with the structure that was first impressed.
  • markings 7 are printed on the bottom wall 5.3.
  • the markings 7 can be circles 7.1, crosses 7.2, lines 7.3 and lines 7.4 or other geometric figures. Using these markings 7, the building board 2 can be aligned using a camera system to carry out further processing steps.
  • a counter-sheet 8 is placed on the underside 9 of the building board 1 and an overlay paper 4 is placed on the decor 3.
  • an overlay paper 4 a liquid overlay into which corundum is mixed or scattered can also be applied by roller application.
  • the backing 8 can also be applied in liquid form.
  • This structure is then fed to a short-cycle press 30, the upper press plate 31 of which is provided with strip-shaped elevations 32.
  • the building board 1 is aligned via the markings 7 and a camera system, so that the elevations 32
  • the structure is then pressed, dip again into the embossed depressions 5, 6 and emboss the rounded side walls 5.1, 5.2 of the depressions 5, 6 when the upper side 2 is coated again in order to set parallel and flat side walls 5.1, 5.2 in a second embossing step without doing this to change the depth Tu of the recesses 5, 6 or the position of the bottom walls 5.3.
  • the elevations 32 in the transition area from the side walls 5.1, 5.2 to the bottom wall 5.3 are made larger than the width of the recesses 5, 6 in order to reliably form the lower edges of the recesses 5, 6.
  • the pressing time in the second embossing step is between 10 and 30 seconds, preferably 12 to 15 seconds, in which the resins melt and bond with the building board 1. Due to the temperature of the press plates 31, 33, a surface temperature of 120 ° to 180 ° C. is established on the pressed part during the pressing process. The pressure curve takes place starting from a pressure build-up phase, transitioning into a holding phase and a pressure reduction phase. The embossing depth Tu will take place in the sense of a path control.
  • the at least one calender roller 20 is integrated into the printing system or is located directly in front of it. For a meaningful design, at least two recesses 5, 6 in the longitudinal direction L and two in the transverse direction Q must be embossed in the first embossing step so that the side edges of the divided panels are all lowered.
  • the calender roll 20 is shown schematically, which impresses depressions 5 running in the longitudinal direction L in the building board 1.
  • This calender roll 20 is rotatably driven about an axis of rotation A.
  • a plurality of rings spaced apart from one another are placed on its jacket 22 or produced from the solid by milling, which serve as structural elements 205 and protrude in the radial direction R with respect to the jacket surface 22 by a height Hu.
  • This height Hu is 20 to 40% greater than the depth Tu of the depression 5 to be embossed.
  • the calender roller 20 can be temperature controlled. The temperature can be increased or decreased compared to the ambient temperature.
  • the embossing of the depressions 6 in the transverse direction Q can be carried out with a separate calender roller 20, as shown in FIG Figure 7 is shown, or with a calender roll 20, which has both the structural elements 205 and at least one web running in the axial direction or transverse direction Q as a structural element 206.
  • This linear structural element 206 extends at an angle ⁇ S of 90 ° to the structural elements 205.
  • the height H A of the structural elements 206 extending in the axial direction Q is 40 to 60% greater than the depth T L of the depressions 6 to be embossed in the transverse direction because a line pressure is applied in a calender press.
  • the height H A is preferably 45 to 55%, and in particular 50% greater than the depth T L.
  • At least one board length should be depicted on the circumference of the calender roll 20, with “board length” being understood to mean the length of the boards shown on a panel. "Board length" and the length of the panel can be the same, but do not have to be. By varying the diameter of the calender roll 20 or by using multiple lengths on the calender roll, different board lengths can be realized.
  • Structural elements 205, 206 with a rectangular cross section are shown. But they can also have a U, V, W, Y or a comparable cross section.

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EP19164625.6A 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Procédé de finissage d'un panneau de construction fourni Pending EP3711970A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19164625.6A EP3711970A1 (fr) 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Procédé de finissage d'un panneau de construction fourni

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19164625.6A EP3711970A1 (fr) 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Procédé de finissage d'un panneau de construction fourni

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3711970A1 true EP3711970A1 (fr) 2020-09-23

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EP19164625.6A Pending EP3711970A1 (fr) 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Procédé de finissage d'un panneau de construction fourni

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579767A (en) 1983-08-30 1986-04-01 Abitibi-Price Corporation Simulated ceramic tile
DE19718770A1 (de) * 1997-05-03 1998-11-05 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von strukturierten Holzwerkstoffplatten
EP1820640A1 (fr) 2006-02-21 2007-08-22 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Procédé d'amélioration d'un panneau de construction
DE102006052555B3 (de) * 2006-11-06 2008-01-24 Guido Schulte Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Paneels mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche
EP2905135A2 (fr) * 2014-02-05 2015-08-12 Dirk Dammers Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau
EP3023261A1 (fr) 2014-11-20 2016-05-25 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Procédé d'affinement d'une plaque en bois
EP3059020A1 (fr) 2015-02-23 2016-08-24 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque en dérivé de bois, notamment d'une plaque en dérivé de bois dotée d'une couche décorative
WO2016180643A1 (fr) 2015-05-11 2016-11-17 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og Procédé de fabrication de panneaux comportant des évidements
WO2017164806A1 (fr) 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 Välinge Innovation AB Procédé pour former un décor sur un substrat

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579767A (en) 1983-08-30 1986-04-01 Abitibi-Price Corporation Simulated ceramic tile
DE19718770A1 (de) * 1997-05-03 1998-11-05 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von strukturierten Holzwerkstoffplatten
EP1820640A1 (fr) 2006-02-21 2007-08-22 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Procédé d'amélioration d'un panneau de construction
DE102006052555B3 (de) * 2006-11-06 2008-01-24 Guido Schulte Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Paneels mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche
EP2905135A2 (fr) * 2014-02-05 2015-08-12 Dirk Dammers Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau
EP3023261A1 (fr) 2014-11-20 2016-05-25 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Procédé d'affinement d'une plaque en bois
EP3059020A1 (fr) 2015-02-23 2016-08-24 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque en dérivé de bois, notamment d'une plaque en dérivé de bois dotée d'une couche décorative
WO2016180643A1 (fr) 2015-05-11 2016-11-17 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og Procédé de fabrication de panneaux comportant des évidements
WO2017164806A1 (fr) 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 Välinge Innovation AB Procédé pour former un décor sur un substrat

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