EP3707456B1 - Wärmetauschersystem und gegenstand mit anti-haft wand - Google Patents

Wärmetauschersystem und gegenstand mit anti-haft wand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3707456B1
EP3707456B1 EP18796673.4A EP18796673A EP3707456B1 EP 3707456 B1 EP3707456 B1 EP 3707456B1 EP 18796673 A EP18796673 A EP 18796673A EP 3707456 B1 EP3707456 B1 EP 3707456B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective film
wall
fluid
cleaning agent
gaseous cleaning
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18796673.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3707456A1 (de
Inventor
Eric Favre
Laurence Mathieu
Hervé MUHR
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Lorraine
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes SAS
Original Assignee
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Lorraine
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes SAS
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Publication of EP3707456A1 publication Critical patent/EP3707456A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/04—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of rubber; of plastics material; of varnish
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • B08B17/06—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/006—Arrangements or methods for cleaning or refurbishing water conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/0092—Devices for preventing or removing corrosion, slime or scale
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0015—Heat and mass exchangers, e.g. with permeable walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/003—Multiple wall conduits, e.g. for leak detection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G13/00—Appliances or processes not covered by groups F28G1/00 - F28G11/00; Combinations of appliances or processes covered by groups F28G1/00 - F28G11/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0012—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste water or from condensates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/003—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
    • F28F2245/08—Coatings; Surface treatments self-cleaning

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of heat exchangers and more particularly relates to the problem of fouling of these surfaces.
  • heat exchangers have simple or complex shapes, but are typically constructed so as to be able to allow the transfer of a heat flux from a hot fluid to a cold fluid through a wall without direct contact between the two fluids (without mixing them).
  • a particularly increased problem with exchangers is that of fouling, scaling or clogging of surfaces by biofilms or inorganic deposits. These different phenomena cause a drop, often significant, in the performance of the devices (drop in heat flux) and constitute a major issue.
  • the solutions used today mainly consist of injecting a cleaning agent, for example chlorine for biofilms, into the fluid circulating within a pipe or along a surface to be treated.
  • a cleaning agent for example chlorine for biofilms
  • the cleaning agent is then dispersed in the volume, at a relative speed relative to the biofilm or to the high organic deposits and a solely surface action. Thus, it does not penetrate the entire thickness of the biofilm or deposit to be treated, a large part of the volume of cleaning agent injected at the input is found at the output, which requires large volumes of cleaning agents for reduced efficiency.
  • US 4,524,725 features a porous tube heat exchanger system.
  • THE US 2007/169488 features a porous wall cooling system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a solution to the fouling of heat exchanger systems and more generally of surfaces, by biological or inert structures.
  • the present invention proposes the use of a polymeric protective film applied to a surface of a wall in order to combat fouling/scaling, the protective film being dense (therefore generally considered to be non-porous / impermeable, in particular to liquids), but having permeability to a gaseous cleaning agent.
  • a polymeric protective film applied to a surface of a wall in order to combat fouling/scaling
  • the protective film being dense (therefore generally considered to be non-porous / impermeable, in particular to liquids), but having permeability to a gaseous cleaning agent.
  • a heat exchanger comprises at least one exchanger tube for the circulation of one of the two fluids, in heat exchange with the other fluid around the exchanger tube, said wall being constituted by at least a portion of said exchanger tube.
  • the protective film is applied to the inner or outer surface of the exchanger tube on the side of the first fluid, and optionally another protective film is applied to the surface of the exchanger tube on the side of the second fluid.
  • the invention relates to an article with an anti-deposit wall, according to claim 16, said article comprising a wall having a surface covered at least in part by a protective film of polymeric material having a rear face facing the wall and an opposite front face.
  • the protective film is a dense polymeric film having permeability to a gaseous cleaning agent.
  • Gas distribution means are provided to distribute the gaseous cleaning agent from the side of the rear face, and thus allow the cleaning of the front face of the protective film when the gaseous cleaning agent passes through the protective film from the rear face towards the front face.
  • the combination of the protective film with a support wall covered by the protective film therefore forms an anti-deposit wall structure which can be used in a number of applications. An article is thus obtained, the wall of which can be cleaned.
  • Such an anti-deposition wall structure can of course be used in the field of exchangers, in particular of heat but also of material, tubular, flat or other.
  • the invention finds application in a variety of fields, in which a wall/surface is liable to be contaminated or become clogged.
  • the article is a tube or a pipe comprising a wall defining a passage for a liquid
  • the protective film is applied to the internal and/or external surface of the wall.
  • the protective film is applied over the entire inner or outer periphery.
  • the article is generally a tube, pipe or pipe and the protective film is applied to the internal surface of the wall.
  • the aim here is in particular for use in water network systems, in particular for ultra-pure water used in certain industries.
  • the article could still comprise a substantially planar wall, the protective film covering at least part of the surface of the planar wall.
  • the planar wall can be a table or bench, for example, in an analytical laboratory.
  • the invention generally relates to an anti-deposition wall system, in which the protective film permeable to the gaseous cleaning agent covers a solid wall, gas distribution means being provided for distributing a gaseous cleaning agent on the side of the back side of the protective film.
  • the protective film made of polymer material is said to be “dense”, that is to say that it is generally considered to be non-porous or impermeable, or at the very least not very permeable to liquids.
  • the dense polymer film exhibits permeability to gaseous cleaning agents.
  • Dense polymer materials combining mechanical, thermal and chemical resistance, while being permeable to the gases used as cleaning agents, will therefore advantageously be chosen for the protective film.
  • the protective film has a "selective" permeability to gaseous cleaning agents, in the sense that the polymer of the protective film is chosen for its affinity with predetermined gaseous cleaning agents, so as to present good permeability to these gaseous cleaning agents but not to other fluids likely to come into contact with the wall during use.
  • the permeability of a polymer makes it possible to evaluate the quantity of matter passing through a material of given thickness per unit area and time, for a standardized driving force.
  • the permeability of polymer materials with respect to various gaseous or liquid compounds is referenced for many systems and can be determined experimentally by standardized techniques ( time lag method for example).
  • the polymer for the protective film will therefore be chosen so that it has good permeability to the cleaning gas, for example of the order of 1 to 1000 Barrer, preferably between 100 and 1000 Barrer, while being substantially impermeable, or slightly permeable to the fluid in contact with the wall.
  • the cleaning gas permeability of the protective film may in particular be of the order of 500 Barrer.
  • the protective film preferably has a fluid permeability in contact with the wall of less than 100 Barrer. It will be noted in this context that the passage of the fluid in contact with the protective film can be greatly limited by setting a partial pressure downstream, on the rear face side (for example use of a wet gaseous cleaning agent, in order to block the passage of water).
  • the protective film can be made of PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, PolyMethylPentene, PolyEtherSulfone, Polysulfone, Ethylene-Propylene-Diene (EPDM), Polyimide, Cellulose acetate, Ethylcellulose, Polydimethylsiloxane, Polyamide, or PolyEtherBlocAmide.
  • the gaseous cleaning agent is chosen from the following agents: CO 2 , Cl 2 , O 3 , H 2 O 2 , pure or diluted, and mixtures thereof.
  • the above-mentioned polymers have the desired selectivity and permeability with respect to these gaseous cleaning agents, while offering limited permeability to liquids such as water or the fluids used in the exchangers.
  • the gas distribution means can take any appropriate form to supply the gas to the rear of the protective film, depending on the applications and embodiment. As the passage of the gas takes place due to the difference in partial pressure of the cleaning gas (low concentration in the front part), there is no need for high pressures in the distribution means, respectively at the rear of the protective film .
  • the gas distribution means are advantageously designed to distribute the cleaning gas substantially over the entire rear face of the protective film, to allow uniform/homogeneous treatment.
  • the gas distribution means comprise a network of channels for gas distribution. These channels can be formed directly in the wall, therefore located under the protective film. Any technique for structuring the surface of the support wall (plate or tube) can be used here, and in particular: stamped, machined or extruded grooves, chemical etching, abrasion; these surface preparations having to allow the homogeneous distribution of the active agent (free circulation of the cleaning gas).
  • the channels can be provided in an intermediate layer, between the wall and the protective film. This involves placing a porous spacer such as a textile film, polymer foam or metal, perforated metal, allowing the creation of a space between the protective film and the wall, capable of conveying the cleaning gas.
  • a porous spacer such as a textile film, polymer foam or metal, perforated metal
  • the gas distribution means comprise an inlet manifold in communication with said network of channels. They can also include an outlet manifold, to allow for purging, e.g. by circulating a purge gas between the inlet and outlet manifold.
  • the fixing of the protective film on the wall which supports it can be done by any appropriate means, in particular by gluing or by mechanical means (eg crimping), at the periphery of the plate.
  • the protective film may have adhesion properties, in particular during its implementation.
  • the protective film and the wall (of the exchanger or pipe) can be made of the same material, preferably with the cleaning gas distribution network.
  • the assembly can be manufactured in one piece, for example by extrusion or 3D printing.
  • a fraction of the fluid can diffuse through the wall on the side of the rear face.
  • a condensate in particular condensed water vapour.
  • the means of distribution form a cul-de-sac for the gas, which is not conducive to fluid flow from the front face by permeance, despite low permeance.
  • This condensate can be evacuated by draining, for example.
  • FIG. 1 There picture 1a diagrams a principle of a conventional heat exchanger, in which a transfer of heat between two fluids, materialized respectively by the arrows 2 and 4, takes place through a wall 6 (heat exchange wall), without mixing between the fluids .
  • the wall 6 is generally made of a solid polymer, non-porous and having an appropriate mechanical and chemical resistance. Over time, the exchange surface of the wall 6 becomes clogged: a deposit 8 of biofilm forms on the side of the fluid 4.
  • the fight against the fouling of the surface is conventionally done by adding a cleaning agent, also called active agent, (for example chlorine) in the fluid 4 to come into contact with the deposit on the liquid stream side, as schematized in there Fig.1 b) .
  • a cleaning agent also called active agent, (for example chlorine) in the fluid 4 to come into contact with the deposit on the liquid stream side, as schematized in there Fig.1 b) .
  • the principle of the invention is illustrated in figure 1c ).
  • the wall 6 massive and non-porous which separates the two fluids and allows heat transfer between them without direct contact.
  • the wall 6 comprises two opposite faces 6.1 and 6.2 which constitute heat exchange surfaces.
  • the reference sign 10 denotes a protective film of polymer material which at least partially covers the surface 6.1 of the wall 6 on the side of the fluid 4.
  • the polymer film 10 has a front face 10.1 in contact, in use, with the fluid 4 and an opposite rear face 10.2, facing the wall 6.
  • the protective film 10 is dense, therefore impermeable to the fluid 4, while being permeable to a gaseous cleaning agent (represented by the horizontal arrows), which can be introduced on the side of the rear face of the protective film 10 so as to cross the protective film and attack the deposit 8 "against the current".
  • a gaseous cleaning agent represented by the horizontal arrows
  • the distribution of the gaseous cleaning agent on the back of the protective film 10 is done by gas distribution means explained below.
  • the present concept therefore proposes the supply of gaseous cleaning active agent (eg CO 2 , Cl 2 , O 3 , H 2 O 2 ”) through a dense polymer film having a predetermined and selective permeability for the gaseous cleaning agent, allowing a cleaning action at the surface/deposit interface.
  • gaseous cleaning active agent eg CO 2 , Cl 2 , O 3 , H 2 O 2
  • the supply of the cleaning gas is done selectively, that is to say intermittently, by adjusting the frequency and the duration of the supply of gas according to the desired treatment.
  • the protective film is a dense polymer film, i.e. it is generally considered to be non-porous or waterproof, and is in particular impermeable to liquids.
  • the dense polymer film has a permeability to gaseous cleaning agents, in particular to CO 2 , Cl 2 , O 3 , H 2 O 2 .
  • polymers such as PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, PolyMethylPentene, PolyEtherSulfone, Polysulfone, Ethylene-Propylene-Diene (EPDM), Polyimide, Cellulose acetate, Ethylcellulose, Polydimethylsiloxane, Polyamide, PolyEtherBlocAmide, or Teflon can be used for the protective film. -AF.
  • These polymers are particularly interesting because they are dense and combine mechanical, thermal and chemical resistance, while being permeable to gases but impermeable to liquids (or low permeability). These examples are not limiting and those skilled in the art may use other polymers meeting these criteria.
  • the gas permeance of the protective film can be adjusted by varying the thickness and the choice of polymer. This allows certain adaptations with respect to the choice of cleaning gas.
  • the protective film may have a thickness of the order of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 mm, more particularly from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the protective film and the wall can be made from the same material, for example by extrusion. This makes it possible in particular to make grooves in the support wall for the distribution of the cleaning gas. This solution avoids the difficulties that could be encountered with a composite material.
  • a protective film with a wall thickness of the order of a millimeter, with a material permeable to one of the targeted active agents, is compatible with extrusion, the support wall having a greater thickness in order to constitute a solid sealed wall.
  • the latter may have, during its deposition or its implementation, a certain adhesion sufficient for its fixing against the support wall.
  • the protective film is fixed by means of an adhesive.
  • the polymer film can be maintained at least at its ends and at least to seal the device allowing a homogeneous supply of the active agent between the latter and the support (plate, tube).
  • FIG. 2 An alternative embodiment of a tube 20 provided with a protective film according to the invention is illustrated in figure 2 .
  • the tube 20 comprises a cylindrical wall 22 having an internal surface 22.1 and an external surface 22.2 and defining an internal passage 24.
  • the tube 20 can be made of any suitable material, metal or polymer, depending on the application envisaged.
  • the wall 22 constitutes a heat exchange wall between a first fluid, circulating in the internal passage 24 and a second fluid, on the opposite side of the wall 22.
  • the outer surface 22.2 of the tube is covered, over its entire periphery, with a dense protective film 26 of polymeric material as explained with respect to the figure 1 .
  • the protective film 26 is impermeable to the second fluid which circulates outside the tube 20.
  • the protective film 26 can be made like a tubular sheath having a diameter corresponding to the external diameter of the tube 20 and held in place by its ends.
  • the protective film 26 is chosen to have a selective permeability to one or more gaseous cleaning agents while being impermeable (or less permeable) to the second fluid (in particular liquid) flowing outside the tube 20 and in contact with the external face of the protective film 26.
  • the cleaning gas is conveyed to the rear of the protective film 26 by a series of grooves 28 (longitudinal grooves parallel to the axis of the tube) made in the external surface of the tube. By introducing the cleaning gas into these grooves 28 it can be distributed over the entire length of the tube 20.
  • the protective film 26 As the protective film 26 is permeable with respect to the cleaning gas, the latter will be able to pass from the rear face 26.1 of the film 26 towards the front face 26.2, and therefore meet the base of the deposits (biofilms or others) which have tendency to form.
  • the protective film 26 being however sealed, in particular to the second fluid in contact with the protective film, the second fluid does not penetrate into the grooves 28.
  • the passage of the cleaning gas through the film 26 takes place mainly due to the difference in partial pressure of the cleaning gas between the two faces of the protective film 26. It is therefore not necessary to maintain a high gas pressure in the fluting network.
  • the cleaning of the deposits on the surface 26.2 is done due to the chemical activity of the cleaning agent chosen, and therefore not due to the use of gas pressures aimed at detaching the deposits.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment is shown in picture 3 , in which the tube 20 of the Fig. 2 is provided with a protective film 26 on the internal and external surface.
  • the tube 20 therefore comprises grooves 28' in the inner periphery of the wall, that is to say in the inner surface 22.2.
  • the wall 22 of the tube 20 acts as a structural and heat exchange wall, as well as a support for the protective film.
  • the grooves 28 and 28' which form a gas distribution means or network, are formed directly in the wall 22 of the tube. Such splines or grooves for gas distribution are obviously easily produced by extrusion conventionally used for the manufacture of tubes, or by machining or 3D printing.
  • an intermediate layer can be formed on the exchange surface to be protected, this intermediate layer being capable of supporting the protective film and comprising a network of open cells or channels, with random or deterministic distribution, capable distributing the cleaning gas substantially uniformly over the entire rear surface of the protective film.
  • This intermediate layer could for example form an intermediate layer of polymer or metal foam with open porosity.
  • FIG 4 schematically illustrates a plate 30 for a plate heat exchanger according to a variant of the invention.
  • the plate 30 has a generally rectangular shape and comprises orifices 32 for the passage of conduits (not shown) for the introduction or collection of fluid.
  • the plate 30 forms a separation wall between two fluids and therefore comprises a front face 30.1 and an opposite rear face, which form exchange surfaces.
  • the front face 30.1 is partially covered by a protective film 34 (shown in dotted lines) which covers the majority of its surface.
  • the protective film 34 is of the same type as the protective film described above, that is to say that it is impermeable to the fluid/liquid which will come, during use, into contact with the protective film and that it has a permeability to a gaseous cleaning agent supplied by the rear face of the film 34, that facing the front face 30.1 of the plate 30.
  • the protective film 34 is fixed to the plate at its periphery by gluing or by any appropriate means, eg. crimp (not shown).
  • the cleaning gas distribution means comprise a plurality of longitudinal grooves 36 made in the front face 30.1 and forming a cleaning gas distribution network.
  • the cleaning gas is introduced into the grooves 36 by a transverse groove 38 forming an inlet manifold, communicating with an inlet port 40 via a conduit 42.
  • the grooves 36, 38 are closed, in the plane of the surface 30.1 of the plate, by the protective film 34. The cleaning gas is therefore in contact with the rear face of the film 34 and diffuses towards the front face of the latter under the effect of the difference in partial pressure of the cleaning gas between the two sides.
  • a source of gas 44 comprising a line 46 with control valve 48 is connected to the inlet port 40.
  • the valve 48 allows the selective introduction of predetermined quantities of gas into the network of throats 38.
  • the protective film seals them tightly against the fluid circulating in the exchanger.
  • the cleaning gas is directly in contact with the rear face of the protective film but the fluid/liquid on the side of the front face cannot penetrate into the distribution channels of the cleaning gas.
  • a last variant concerning a work surface 50 with an anti-deposit wall is schematically represented in figure 5 .
  • a table with four legs 52 and a tray 54 defining a work plan.
  • the upper surface of the work surface is entirely covered by a protective film 56 made of dense polymer, generally impermeable to liquids and having permeability to a gaseous cleaning agent.
  • an intermediate layer 58 forming a gas distribution network. It is for example a rigid polymer foam with open pores or a woven polymer (screen type).
  • the reference sign 60 designates an inlet collector (shown in dotted lines) which extends over the entire width of the intermediate layer 58 and over its thickness.
  • the reference sign 61 denotes a gas supply pipe equipped with a tap, which allows the selective introduction of cleaning gas into the intermediate layer.
  • the supply pipe 61 ends in a connector which cooperates with a connector of the inlet manifold 60, which makes it possible to separate the two connectors and therefore to disconnect the source of gas, which is only required when the 'we want to clean the work surface.
  • the inlet manifold is optionally an outlet manifold 64 similar to the inlet manifold 60.
  • a valve (not shown) is associated with the outlet manifold and allows, if necessary, to communicate intermediate layer with outside, for example in the event of a purge. This valve is generally closed so that all of the gas introduced via the inlet manifold 60 flows towards the front face of the protective film.
  • FIG. 6 relates to an application of the invention to water network systems.
  • the reference sign 20" denotes a pipe whose wall 22 bears on its internal face 22.1 the protective film 26.
  • grooves 28 'allow the distribution of the gaseous cleaning agent at the rear of the protective film 26.
  • the fluid circulating in the internal passage 24 of the pipe 20 is therefore in contact with the protective film 26 and its surface can be maintained clean by injection of the gaseous cleaning agent
  • Such a pipe provided with an anti-deposit wall can be used for water supply in general, and finds a particularly interesting application for the supply of ultra-clean water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Wärmetauschersystem umfassend eine Wand (22), die ein erstes Fluid von einem zweiten Fluid trennt und einen Wärmeaustausch zwischen den Fluiden gestattet;
    wobei eine Schutzfolie (26) aus Polymermaterial auf der Wand zumindest auf der Seite des ersten Fluids angeordnet ist, wobei die Schutzfolie eine Vorderseite (26.2) in Kontakt mit dem ersten Fluid und eine gegenüberliegende Rückseite (26.1), die der Wand (22) zugewandt ist, aufweist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Gasverteilungsmittel (28) vorgesehen sind, um ein gasförmiges Reinigungsmittel auf der Seite der Rückseite (26.1) der Schutzfolie zu verteilen; und dass die Schutzfolie (26) dicht, für das erste Fluid undurchlässig oder wenig durchlässig ist, wobei sie gleichzeitig für das gasförmige Reinigungsmittel durchlässig ist, so dass sie dem gasförmigen Reinigungsmittel gestattet, die Schutzfolie zu deren Vorderseite (26.2) hin zu durchqueren.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei das gasförmige Reinigungsmittel unter der Einwirkung des Teildruckunterschiedes zwischen den beiden Seiten zu der Vorderseite (26.2) der Schutzfolie (26) hin diffundiert.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das gasförmige Reinigungsmittel aus den folgenden Gasen ausgewählt ist: CO2, Cl2, O3, H2O2, rein oder verdünnt, oder deren Gemische.
  4. System nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, wobei die dichte Schutzfolie gegenüber gasförmigem Reinigungsmittel eine Durchlässigkeit zwischen 1 und 1000 Barrer, bevorzugt zwischen 100 und 1000 Barrer, aufweist.
  5. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die dichte Schutzfolie gegenüber den Gasen und Flüssigkeiten in Kontakt mit ihrer vorderseitigen Fläche eine Durchlässigkeit aufweist, die kleiner ist als 100 Barrer.
  6. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schutzfolie aus Polytetrafluorethylen, Polymethylpenten, Polyethersulfon, Polysulfon, Ethylen-Propylen-Dien (EPDM), Polyimid, Celluloseacetat, Ethylcellulose, Polydimethylsiloxan, Polyamid, Polyetherblockamid oder Teflon AF realisiert ist.
  7. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend zumindest ein Tauscherrohr (20) für die Zirkulation eines der zwei Fluide, im Wärmeaustausch mit dem anderen Fluid um das Tauscherrohr herum, wobei die Wand (22) von zumindest einem Teil des Tauscherrohrs gebildet ist und wobei die Schutzfolie auf die Innen- oder Außenfläche des Tauscherrohrs auf der Seite des ersten Fluids aufgebracht ist und optional eine weitere Schutzfolie auf die Oberfläche des Tauscherrohrs auf der Seite des zweiten Fluids aufgebracht ist.
  8. System nach Anspruch 7, wobei die Schutzfolie wie eine rohrförmige Hülse entlang der Innen- beziehungsweise Außenfläche realisiert ist.
  9. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Gasverteilungsmittel so ausgestaltet sind, dass sie das gasförmige Reinigungsmittel im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Rückseite der Schutzfolie verteilen.
  10. System nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Gasverteilungsmittel ein Kanalnetz für die Verteilung des gasförmigen Reinigungsmittels umfassen.
  11. System nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Kanäle von Rillen (28, 28') gebildet sind, die in der Wand unter der Schutzfolie realisiert sind.
  12. System nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Kanäle in einer Zwischenschicht, zwischen der Wand und der Schutzfolie, vorgesehen sind, wobei die Zwischenschicht bevorzugt eine Textilfolie, einen Schaumstoff aus Polymer oder Metall, Lochmetall oder eine Kombination aus diesen umfasst.
  13. System nach Anspruch 9, 10 oder 11, wobei die Schutzfolie und die Gasverteilungsmittel einstückig mit der Wand hergestellt sind.
  14. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Gasverteilungsmittel einen Eintrittssammler in Kommunikation mit dem Kanalnetz umfassen.
  15. System nach Anspruch 14, wobei die Gasverteilungsmittel einen Austrittssammler umfassen, um eine Spülung zu gestatten, indem ein Spülgas zwischen dem Eintritts- und dem Austrittssammler zirkuliert wird.
  16. Gegenstand mit ablagerungshemmender Wand, wobei der Gegenstand eine Wand (22, 30, 54) umfasst, die eine Oberfläche aufweist, die zumindest zum Teil von einer Schutzfolie (26, 34, 56) aus Polymermaterial mit einer Rückseite, die zu der Wand hin weist, und einer Vorderseite bedeckt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzfolie eine dichte Polymerfolie ist, die eine selektive Durchlässigkeit für ein gasförmiges Reinigungsmittel aufweist und dass Gasverteilungsmittel (28, 28', 36, 58) vorgesehen sind, um das gasförmige Reinigungsmittel auf der Seite der Rückseite zu verteilen und um so die Reinigung der Vorderseite der Schutzfolie zu gestatten, wenn das gasförmige Reinigungsmittel die Schutzfolie von der Vorderseite zu der Rückseite hin durchquert.
  17. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 16, wobei der Gegenstand ein Rohr, eine Rohrleitung (20, 20') oder eine Wasserleitung (20") ist, das/die eine rohrförmige Wand (22) umfasst, die einen Durchlass für eine Flüssigkeit definiert, und dass die Schutzfolie (16) auf der Innen- und/oder Außenfläche der Wand aufgebracht ist.
  18. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 16, wobei der Gegenstand (30, 50) eine im Wesentlichen flächige Wand umfasst, wobei eine Schutzfolie die Oberfläche der flächigen Wand zumindest zum Teil bedeckt.
  19. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 18, wobei der Gegenstand eine Wand einer Arbeitsplatte ist.
EP18796673.4A 2017-11-07 2018-11-06 Wärmetauschersystem und gegenstand mit anti-haft wand Active EP3707456B1 (de)

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FR1760452A FR3073277B1 (fr) 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 Systeme d'echangeur de chaleur a paroi anti-depot
PCT/EP2018/080290 WO2019091960A1 (fr) 2017-11-07 2018-11-06 Système d'échangeur de chaleur à paroi anti-dépôt

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FR3073277A1 (fr) 2019-05-10
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ES2942747T3 (es) 2023-06-06
EP3707456A1 (de) 2020-09-16

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