EP3706571A1

EP3706571A1 - Spraying device

Info

Publication number: EP3706571A1
Application number: EP18804234.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jochen Glasbrenner; Helmut Schomburg; Olaf Ohlhafer; Dieter Amesoeder; Hans-Arndt Freudigmann
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2017-11-10
Filing date: 2018-10-26
Publication date: 2020-09-16
Also published as: BR112020009043A2; DE102017220030A1; US20200253185A1; WO2019091798A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a spraying device (1) for discharging liquids, in particular for agricultural purposes, having at least one spray nozzle (4) for spraying the liquid and having at least one mixing device (15) that has at least one mixing chamber (19), wherein the mixing chamber (19) has at least one first supply channel (23) for a carrier liquid (TF), at least one second supply channel (20, 21, 22, 23) for an active substance liquid (A, B, C) and at least one outlet channel (38), and wherein the mixing device (15) has at least one adjusting element (17, 18) for setting a mixing ratio of carrier liquid (TF) and active substance liquid (A, B, C). The adjusting element (17, 18) is rotatably mounted in the mixing chamber (19), wherein, depending on the rotational position of the adjusting element (17, 18), a through-flow cross-section of at least the first supply channel (23) and/or the second supply channel (20-22) is set.

Description

description

title

spraying device

The invention relates to an injection device for dispensing liquids, in particular for agricultural purposes, with at least one spray nozzle for ejecting the liquid and at least one mixing device having at least one mixing chamber, wherein the mixing chamber at least a first inlet for a carrier liquid, at least a second inlet for a drug liquid and at least one drain, and wherein the

Mixing device at least one adjusting element for adjusting a

Has mixing ratio of carrier liquid to drug liquid.

State of the art

With today's agricultural plant protection measures the must

Spray mixture consisting of at least one active agent, in particular a drug liquid, such as pesticides, and a carrier liquid, in particular water, are premixed before the actual application in a field. At the end of the application, the tank providing the respective agent generally has to be completely emptied and cleaned on the field. Reacting to the nature of the field and the actual local need for pesticides is therefore hardly possible. The complete mixed spray mixture is therefore completely applied to the field.

Systems are also known in which the active substance liquids are carried undiluted in a separate tank and are mixed with the carrier liquid when applied to the field only when necessary. For this mixing process, it is necessary, the drug liquid with the carrier liquid to be able to dose as needed. This dosing process is also called

Direct injection designates and requires a complex construction of an injection device, which must provide necessary valves and the like.

Spraying devices of the type mentioned are known from the prior art. For example, published patent application DE 10 2006 059 193 A1 discloses an injection device which has a mixing chamber which contains a carrier liquid and an active substance liquid, in particular a

Plant protection products, can be supplied. It is envisaged that

To feed the active ingredient liquid first for predilution in at least one bypass line, wherein the prediluted with the carrier liquid

Active agent containing bypass line opens into a leading to a plurality of spray carrier liquid line. To the mixing

or to influence the ratio of carrier liquid and active substance fluid, are several independently controllable

Passage valves or adjusting valves, each with a valve element as an actuating element, which forms the mixing chamber

Liquid lines are connected upstream.

Another injection device is known for example from the published patent application DE 31 40 441 AI, with a metering pump, which is designed as a piston pump, wherein in the metering carrier liquid and active substance liquid are combined, so that the metering pump itself act as a mixing device with a mixing chamber and the pistons as adjusting elements ,

Furthermore, from the published patent application DE 39 08 963 AI an injection device is known, with metering pumps, which both the active ingredient liquid and the carrier liquid in a mixing chamber when needed in a desired

Pump in mixing ratio.

Disclosure of the invention

The spraying device with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a particularly compact mixing device of the spraying device available is provided, which has a simple operation and a low probability of failure. In addition, a space-saving design is guaranteed due to their compact design, which also has a weight-saving effect, so that a carrying the mixing device with the spraying device is easily possible. For this purpose, the invention provides

Spraying device that the adjusting element is rotatably mounted in the mixing chamber, wherein a flow cross section of the first inlet and / or the second inlet is set depending on the rotational position of the particular only one actuating element. Thus, the mixing ratio is influenced by a lying in the mixing chamber actuator, whereby a particularly compact embodiment is achieved. Due to the rotatable mounting of the actuator is a simple adjustment of the desired

Flow cross-sections of the first inlet and / or the second inlet adjustable. Optionally, by the rotational position and a

Flow cross section of the drain adjustable. In addition, more than just two inlets can be present and operated by the actuator as described above.

In particular, it is provided that the adjusting element is designed as a camshaft and that at least one of the feeds has an actuatable by the camshaft valve. This will be a particularly simple

allows mechanical actuation of a valve associated with the respective inlet. It can be used on known cam techniques, so that a small design effort is necessary. In addition, a particularly solid and permanently functioning solution is required by the mechanical actuation. Due to the course of the outer circumference of the camshaft is also a time course of the

Opening behavior of each valve adjustable to an optimum

To ensure thorough mixing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the respective valve has a movably mounted and spring-biased in the direction of the camshaft valve member sealingly abuts the affected access in a non-actuated state of the camshaft to a valve seat of the valve. The respective valve thus has a movable Valve element which in the normal state, or a state when it is not actuated by the camshaft sealingly abuts a valve seat, and thereby the affected or associated

Inlet / access closes. By turning the camshaft is the

Valve element displaced by the camshaft against the spring force, so that it occupies a distance to the valve seat, whereby the

Flow cross-section released and active fluid or

Carrier liquid can flow through the access thus opened. Due to the spring preload ensures that the valve element always finds safe back in the valve seat and a forced operation of the valve element on the

Camshaft is present.

Further, it is preferably provided that a plurality of inlets, in particular each inlet of the spray device is assigned in each case an operable by the camshaft valve. The valve is designed as described above. As a result, a plurality of valves of the spray device or the mixing device can be actuated simultaneously by one and the same camshaft, wherein in

Depending on the rotational angle position of the camshaft one valve can be opened and another can be closed. As a result, a simple and safe operation of all valves of the mixing device is required.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the mixing device comprises two rotatably mounted in the mixing chamber control elements, each of the control elements is a separate controllable actuating actuator, in particular

Electric motor, is associated with the rotation of the respective actuating element. By providing at least two adjusting elements is achieved that portions of the mixing chamber - seen in the axial extension of the respective actuating element or in the longitudinal extent of the respective axis of rotation - or existing valves and / or feeds and / or the sequence are independently operable, so that increased usability of Spraying device is reached.

Particularly preferably, both adjusting elements are each formed as a camshaft, each camshaft of at least one of the valves,

in particular in each case at least two of the valves are assigned. Also can one of the camshaft may be associated with one valve and the other camshaft with two or more valves. This results in a variable mixing of different active substance liquids, which can be supplied as needed to a carrier liquid.

Preferably, the respective camshaft for each associated valve in each case a cam. Due to the shape of the cam, the respective valve is actuated according to the rotational position of the camshaft. Alternatively, the camshaft for at least two associated valves on a common cam, wherein the valves can be seen in the direction of rotation of the cam next to each other or arranged one behind the other. In an arrangement in succession is achieved that the valves are operated sequentially, whereby the valves with different flow cross sections are adjustable. However, if the valves are juxtaposed in the circumferential direction, they are simultaneously actuated by the same cam, whereby they release the same flow cross-section.

Further, it is preferably provided that the adjusting element is a rotary valve, which has at least one flow opening for at least one of the inlets, which can be brought into an overlapping position with the inlet. In

Dependence on the size of the overlap of inlet and

Flow opening is a flow area released. Due to the simpler design as a rotary valve, the mixing device is made even more compact compared to the solution with a camshaft. By providing a plurality of flow openings, which are each associated with at least one of the inlets and / or the drain, is also a flexible design of the merging of active substance liquid or

Ensures drug fluids with the carrier liquid.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least two first feeds for the carrier liquid are present. This makes it possible, in a simple manner, to mix a different amount of carrier liquid with a certain active substance liquid, in particular with several existing active substance liquids, in order to obtain an optimal one Adjust spray mixture, which is fed through the drain of the respective injection gland. Alternatively, in particular only a first inlet is present.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the mixing device of a spray nozzle, in particular field sprayer, or a plurality of spray nozzles or

Sprayer is connected upstream. If the mixing device upstream of a spray nozzle, and the spray device preferably has a plurality of spray nozzles, each spray nozzle is preceded by its own mixing device, whereby an individual admixing of carrier liquid and wiper liquid takes place at the spray nozzle itself, whereby on the one hand an advantageous mixing is achieved, on the other The volume that must be rinsed out during a cleaning minimizes and also the function of a

Single nozzle shutdown can be represented by the mixing device itself. If the mixing device is preceded by a plurality of spray nozzles, in particular a so-called partial width of spray nozzles, then these are all acted upon by one and the same mixing device with the desired ratio of active substance liquid or active substance liquid and carrier liquid.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that each control element of the mixing device is associated with an adjusting motor, in particular position-controlled servomotor, preferably electric motor or servomotor, for the adjustment thereof. By the servomotor is a simple and timely adjustment of the control element and thus a timely setting of the respective desired flow cross section or

Mixing ratio adjustable. Preferably, the servomotor and / or the actuating element coupled thereto have a latching device or

Self-locking device on. This ensures that when the electric motor or servomotor is not controlled, the respective actuator remains in the desired rotational position to the set flow area or the set

To maintain flow cross sections and the desired mixing ratio. The latching device can be achieved, for example Kugelrastsitze and the self-locking by a strongly geared transmission between servomotor and actuator. This minimizes overall power consumption during operation. Furthermore, the spraying device preferably has one or more

Drug agent tanks, as well as at least one carrier liquid tank. The active substance liquid tanks and the carrier liquid tank are preferably assigned pumping devices, which if required promote the respective liquid in the direction of the mixing device.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. To show:

FIG. 1 shows an advantageous spraying device for dispensing liquids for agricultural purposes,

Figure 2 shows an advantageous mixing device of the spraying device in one

simplified detail view,

Figure 3 shows an advantageous development of the mixing device in one

simplified representation,

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the injection device,

Figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the spraying device, and

Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the advantageous mixing device.

1 shows in a simplified representation of an injection device 1, which has a designed as a tractor vehicle 2, which carries a spray system 3, comprising a plurality of spray nozzles 4, wherein the spray nozzles 4 are arranged distributed over a cross member 5 side by side. The vehicle 2 pulls the cross member 5 and the spray nozzles 4 behind it, so that the

Spray nozzles 4 are located above a floor 6 in order to apply to the soil and optionally plants thereon pesticides. The vehicle 2 carries to several tanks 7, 8, 9 and 10, wherein in the tanks 7, 8 and 9 are each a liquid active agent A, B or C,

in particular pre-diluted with a carrier liquid, is kept in stock, and in the tank C a carrier liquid TF, in particular water. The

Predilution is alternatively preceded by a mixing device

Premixing carried out implemented. The tanks 7 to 10 are connected to the spray nozzles 4 by one or more mixing devices, which will be discussed in more detail below. To convey the respective liquid, each pump is assigned a pumping device 11, 12, 13 and 14, by means of which the respective liquid can be removed and subsequently

described mixing device can be fed. While three different active agent tanks 7, 8 and 9 are shown and described in the following embodiment, it is understood that the

Spraying device 1 may also have more or less active agent tanks 7, 8, 9.

FIG. 2 shows, in a simplified sectional view, the already mentioned advantageous mixing device 15. The mixing device 15 has a housing 16 in which two adjusting elements 17, 18 are arranged rotatably mounted. For this purpose, the housing 16 has a mixing chamber 19, in which the

Adjusting elements 17, 18 are. The mixing chamber 19 is in particular

formed cylindrical, so that the mixing chamber 19 preferably itself a pivot bearing, in particular sliding bearing, for the adjusting elements 17, 18 forms. The housing 16 also has a plurality of inlets 20, 21, 22 and 23. The feeds 20 to 23 open into the mixing chamber 19, wherein each of the feeds 20 to 23 a

Valve 24, 25, 26 and 27 is assigned. Through the respective valve 24 to 27, the inlets 20 to 23 with fluid lines, of the

Pump devices 11, 12, 13, 14 are connected, connectable. The valves 24 to 27 are designed as seat valves, which each have a radial to

Rotary axis of the mixing chamber 19 storably arranged valve element 28, 29, 30 and 31 have. The valve elements 28 to 31 are actuated by the adjusting elements 17,18 each against the force of a biasing spring 32, 33, 34, 35. The respective biasing spring 33 to 34 urges the respective valve element 28 to 31 in the direction of the actuating element 17 or 18 in a valve seat of the respective valve 24 to 27 to seal the respective inlet 20 to 23 sealing.

The adjusting elements 17, 18 are in the present case designed as camshafts, each having a cam 36 or 37, through which in each case two of the valves 24, 26 arranged radially opposite each other

or 25, 27 are actuated. For this purpose, the cams 36 and 37 cooperate with a respective valve tappet of the respective valve element 28 to 31. Through the cams, the respective valve elements 28 to 31 can be forced out of the respective valve seat against the force of the biasing spring, so that in each case a flow cross-section is released, which allows that to the respective inlet 20 to 23 funded liquid can penetrate into the mixing chamber 19.

Depending on the rotational position of the respective actuating element 17, 18 thus a flow cross-section is released, which allows the penetration of the respective liquid into the mixing chamber 19, wherein within the mixing chamber 19, the liquids are mixed together. By a trained in the housing 16 drain 38, the mixed mixture or the spray mixture thus produced flows from the

Mixing device 15 out and to one or more of the aforementioned spray nozzles. 4

For adjusting the respective control element 17, 18 or the camshaft is provided that each actuator 17, 18 associated with its own servo motor 39 and 40 respectively. The servo motors 39, 40 are preferably designed as electric motors which are coupled directly or by a particular self-locking gear with the respective adjusting element 17, 18 and the respective camshaft. Optionally, the adjusting elements 17, 18 and / or the servomotors 39, 40 each have a

Assigned latching device, such as a ball detent device, which prevents unwanted adjustment of the respective actuating element 17, 18. Figure 3 shows the mixing device 15 according to a first embodiment in a schematic representation. Optionally, two of the inlets 23 and the valves 27 are provided, through which the carrier liquid of the mixing chamber 19 can be fed. In addition, the lines for the different liquids A, B, C and TF are shown in simplified form in FIG. By adjusting the camshafts are the different

Flow cross sections adjustable to achieve a desired mixing ratio.

Preferably, the active substance liquids in the tanks A, B, C are already premixed with carrier liquid, in order to enable an optimum mixing ratio during operation, or are prediluted with the carrier liquid by a premixing unit which precedes the mixing device 15.

The profiles of the cams 36, 37 of the camshaft is designed such that, depending on the angle of rotation of the respective camshaft, one or more of the valves 24 to 27 are opened and closed.

By means of the mixing device 15 shown in FIG. 2, it is possible in particular to map the switching positions listed below:

1.: Active Ingredient A + Carrier Liquid Water

2.: drug liquid B + carrier liquid water

3.: drug liquid C + carrier liquid water

4.: Active Ingredients A and B + Carrier Liquid Water

5.: Active Ingredients A and C + Carrier Liquid Water

6.: Active Ingredients B and C + Carrier Liquid Water

7.: Active Ingredients A and B and C

8.: Mixing device closed altogether

In a typical application of active ingredients or pesticides, it is necessary to be able to adjust the total amount of expenditure. So when switching from, for example, one of the

Plant protection products on a combination of several pesticides the total amount of water remain constant. In addition, one should be on the used nozzle tuned pressure and thus volume flow can be adjusted. The reason for this is that only for a matched to the nozzle pressure and thus a predetermined flow for the

Crop protection application optimum drop size spectrum at the spray nozzle 4 results. In a variation of the composition of the spray mixture, as shown for example in the above list, it is therefore also necessary that the total amount of effort for all provided

Combinations equal to the tuned to the respective nozzle 4 amount. Thus, the metered amount of water or carrier liquid supplied in the mixing device 15 varies as a function of the selected mixture combination of active substance liquids. For example, for the switch positions 1 to 3 less water must be added than for the

Switch positions 4 to 6. For the switch positions 7 no water or less water than for the switch positions 1 to 6 must be added. The control of the dependent of the mixture combination amount of water is preferably realized via the variable flow cross-section of the valve 27, through which the carrier liquid is supplied. As a further possibility for quantity control, it makes sense, the variation of

Carrier liquid amount over several individual valves 27 to realize. This possibility is outlined in Figure 3. The two valves 27 can be switched together or independently of each other to allow optimal metering of the carrier liquid.

As a further option, to keep the amount of water almost constant, the dilution of the plant protection agents is preferably kept as low as possible. If, for example, the pesticide is diluted in each case with only 5% of the amount of water to be delivered, then 90% of the total amount of water at an open nozzle could be constantly metered in via the water path. Thus, the range of total applied water would be 95% (using a pesticide) up to 105% (at

Use of three crop protection products A, B and C).

The advantageous mixing device 15 can be integrated in different ways into the spray system or the spray device 1, as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a first exemplary embodiment for this purpose. It is provided that each spray nozzle 4 or each spray nozzle 4 of a predetermined part width I from a predetermined number of selected spray nozzles 4, in each case upstream, so that the mixture takes place directly in front of the respective spray nozzle 4. With this arrangement, it is possible for each spray nozzle 4 to specify the composition of the spray mixture separately.

Alternatively, the mixing device, as shown in Figure 5, in the

Spraying device 1 are integrated, it being provided that a plurality of spray nozzles 4, in particular the spray nozzles 4 a separate section I, II, III or IV of the existing spray nozzles 4 each one

Mixing device 15 is connected upstream, so that a plurality of spray nozzles 4 are applied to the same composition of the spray mixture. If individual spray nozzles are to be switched on or off, these are preferably associated with actuatable switching valves.

FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment, which differs from the one of FIG

Embodiment of Figure 2 differs in that the

Mixing device 15 instead of one or more camshafts in the

Mixing chamber 19 has a rotary valve 41. The rotary valve 41 has a plurality of flow openings 42, each in a

Overlapping position with one of the inlets 20 to 23 in dependence on the rotational position of the rotary valve 41 can be brought, wherein in dependence on the overlap position, a flow cross-section is respectively released, and thus the respective inlet is partially or completely opened. Within the rotary valve 41, which is sleeve-shaped, the mix

Liquid streams and are supplied to the axially arranged in this case 38. Also in this case serves as an actuator for rotating the

Rotary valve 41 preferably a servomotor, as described above. Depending on the rotational position of the rotary valve 41 certain feeds are thus released or opened, and thus a

Mixing ratio of pesticides A, B, C and carrier fluid TF set. Also, instead of a rotary valve 41, two rotary valves 41 are arranged axially one behind the other, which in each case a servomotor is assigned to a higher variance in the selection of

To achieve mixing ratios. In addition to the plurality of radial inlets 20 to 23 shown in FIG. 6 and an axial outflow 38, the following variants can also be realized:

Mixing device 15 with a rotary valve 41, with a plurality of axial inlets and a radial outlet, with a plurality of axial inlets and an axial

Expiration, or a mixture of them.

The advantageous embodiment of the injection device 1 ensures a compact and easy to handle mixing of desired active substance liquids with a carrier liquid in a small space.

Claims

claims

1. spraying device (1) for discharging liquids, in particular for agricultural purposes, with at least one spray nozzle (4) for

Ejection of the liquid and with at least one mixing device (15) having at least one mixing chamber (19), wherein the mixing chamber (19) at least a first inlet (23) for a carrier liquid (TF), at least one second inlet (20,21, 22, 23) for an active substance fluid (A, B, C) and at least one outlet (38), and wherein the mixing device (15) has at least one adjusting element (17, 18) for setting a mixing ratio of carrier fluid (TF) and active substance fluid ( A, B, C), characterized in that the adjusting element (17,18) is rotatably mounted in the mixing chamber (19), wherein depending on the rotational position of the actuating element (17,18) has a flow cross-section of at least the first inlet (23) and / or the second inlet (20-23) is set.

2. Spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting element (17,18) is designed as a camshaft and that at least one of the inlets (20-23) has an actuatable by the camshaft valve (24,25,26,27).

3. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective valve (24-27) has a movably mounted and spring-biased in the direction of the camshaft valve element (28-31) in an unactuated state of the camshaft to a valve seat of the Close the valve (24-27) tightly against the affected inlet (20-23).

4. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of the inlets (20-23) or each inlet (20-23) is associated with an actuatable by the camshaft valve (24-27).

5. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixing device (15) has two in the mixing chamber (19) rotatably mounted adjusting elements (17,18), wherein each of the adjusting elements (17,18) is a controllable servomotor (39, 40), in particular electric motor, for rotating the respective actuating element (17,18) is assigned.

6. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both adjusting elements (17,18) are designed as camshafts, each camshaft at least one of the valves (24-27), in particular in each case at least two of the valves (24-27), assigned.

7. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective camshaft for each associated valve (24-27) each having at least one cam (36,37).

8. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective camshaft for at least two associated valves (24-27) has a common cam (36,37).

9. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting element is a rotary valve (41) which has at least one throughflow opening (42) for at least one of the inlets (20-23), which is connected to the inlet (20-23). can be brought into an overlapping rotational position.

10. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two first inlets (23) for the

Carrier liquid (TF) are present.

11. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixing device (15) of a spray nozzle (4), in particular field sprayer, or a plurality of spray nozzles (4) is connected upstream.

12. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective adjusting element (17,18) and / or the respective servo motor associated with a locking device and / or a self-locking gear.

13. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spraying device (1) one or more

Agent liquid tank (7,8,9) and a carrier liquid tank (10) which are connected to the mixing device (15).

14. Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective active substance liquid tank (7,8,9) and the

Carrier liquid tank (10) is associated with a respective pump device (11,12,13,14) for conveying the respective liquid to the mixing device (15).