EP3706114B1 - Low-frequency coupling sound absorbing structure - Google Patents

Low-frequency coupling sound absorbing structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3706114B1
EP3706114B1 EP19884417.7A EP19884417A EP3706114B1 EP 3706114 B1 EP3706114 B1 EP 3706114B1 EP 19884417 A EP19884417 A EP 19884417A EP 3706114 B1 EP3706114 B1 EP 3706114B1
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Prior art keywords
sound
low
resonance
absorbing structure
frequency
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EP19884417.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3706114A1 (en
EP3706114A4 (en
Inventor
Dengke LI
Zhongcheng JIANG
Biao YE
Xiaobo Liu
Xianfeng Wang
Jixiong JIANG
Bingbin GUO
Dafa JIANG
Wang Li
Jingjing Chen
Wenhui Yuan
Huadong DUAN
Li Zhou
Jun Zhang
Bo Zhang
Shiwen Chen
Guoyun LIU
Zhu SHI
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CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co Ltd
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CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of noise reduction, and in particular to a low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure.
  • sound-absorbing materials can be roughly divided into porous sound-absorbing materials and resonance sound-absorbing materials according to the principle of sound absorption, wherein the thin-plate resonance sound-absorbing structure, the thin-film resonance sound-absorbing structure, the micro-perforated-plate resonance sound-absorbing structure, and the micro-perforated-plate and micro-slitted-plate sound-absorbing structure all belong to resonance sound absorption-structure.
  • the micro-perforated-plate resonance, the micro-perforated-plate sound-absorbing structure, and the double-layer micro-perforated-plate sound-absorbing structure have many advantages in terms of sound-absorption characteristics, flow resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, sanitation, and so on.
  • these structures still cannot meet some practical needs of noise control especially in the occasions where the sound-absorbing space is strictly limited, and can hardly control low-frequency noise.
  • the thickness of the sound-absorption material or the depth of the chamber of the sound-absorbing structure must be greatly increased to effectively reduce the low-frequency noise according to the prior art, which increases the volume of the sound-absorbing structure and is not conducive to the miniaturization of the product.
  • the increase in the depth of the chamber of the sound-absorbing structure may further narrow the sound-absorption frequency band to a certain extent, reducing the product performance.
  • Patent Application CN103700366A discloses a wideband sound absorption structure combining mechanical impedance of composite resonance cavities with micropunch plates, and belonging to the technical field of environmental noise control.
  • the wideband sound absorption structure comprises one or more layers of micropunch plates in the front of the structure and a mechanical impedance plate at the rear part of the structure, wherein the micropunch plates and the mechanical impedance plate are all fixed on a bracket; the mechanical impedance plate is formed by an elastically supported thin plate; Helmholtz resonance cavities are compositely arranged on the mechanical impedance plate; each Helmholtz resonance cavity consists of a cavity body and an insertion tube.
  • Helmholtz resonance units are designed on the mechanical impedance plate, and the thicknesses of the resonance cavities are smaller, thus the whole structural thickness does not change too much.
  • the micropunch plates can have good sound absorption effect for middle-frequency and high-frequency noises, and a plurality of absorption peaks can be generated at low frequency through a mechanical impedance unit and the Helmholtz resonance units, so that the whole structure can ensure good middle-frequency and high-frequency sound absorption performance and also has good sound absorption effect at low frequency.
  • Patent Application EP2487677A1 discloses a composite sound-absorbing device of the present invention which includes a perforated board having a number of first pores thereon, a back board and side boards, the perforated board, back board and side boards forming a closed cavity, wherein: at least one or more of the resonant cavities being located within the closed cavity; at least one or more of second pores being located on the resonant cavities; at least one of the second pores being connected with the closed cavity.
  • the present invention is beneficial to improve the effect of sound-absorbing and expand the frequency band of sound-absorbing.
  • Patent Application US2013186707A1 discloses an acoustic absorber which includes a wall provided with a plurality of apertures as well as a substantially non-perforated second wall, with the first wall and the second wall being spacedly arranged to one another, and at least one honeycomb structure being provided between the walls, with the honeycomb structure having a substantially cylindrical recess in at least one area, with a funnel element opening to the first and second walls being provided in the recess, and having a height greater than the distance of the walls, with the second wall being designed pot-like in the area of the funnel element.
  • Patent Application GB2005384A discloses a lining for a fluid-flow duct, e.g.
  • Patent Application CN107514066A discloses a light low-frequency sound insulation device based on an extension pipe resonant structure.
  • the light low-frequency sound insulation device is of a sound insulation structure provided with a plurality of layers of wall boards, and used for effectively absorbing and isolating low-frequency line spectrum noises.
  • the light low-frequency sound insulation device comprises an outer wall plate, a resonant sound absorption array, a heat insulation and sound insulation layer and an inner decoration board.
  • the heat insulation and sound insulation layer, between the outer wall board and the inner decoration board, is mounted on the inner decoration board, the resonant sound absorption array is inlaid in the heat insulation and sound insulation layer, and the resonant sound absorption array is spaced and not in contact with the outer wall board.
  • An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure, which improves the sound-absorption coefficient, widens the sound-absorption frequency band during usage, and shifts the sound-absorption frequency band to the low frequency, thereby realizing low-frequency sound absorption and improving the product performance.
  • each of the resonance chambers is arranged on the back plate.
  • extension tube structures on the resonance chambers direct toward the same direction.
  • the extension tube structure on each of the resonance chamber includes multiple extension tubes.
  • lengths of the extension tube structures on the resonance chambers are different.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure further includes an isolation layer arranged between two adjacent resonance chambers.
  • the isolation layer is made of melamine foam.
  • the isolation layer is made of metal.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure includes the peripheral chamber, the resonance chamber arranged inside the peripheral chamber, and the extension tube structure arranged inside the resonance chamber, wherein one end of the extension tube structure is connected to the chamber wall of the resonance chamber through the corresponding through hole; and the peripheral chamber includes the micro-perforated plate, the back plate, the first side plate, and the second side plate, wherein the micro-perforated plate is provided with multiple micro-hole structures, the micro-perforated plate is opposite to the back plate, and the first side plate is opposite to the second side plate.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in this application can increase the acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing structure by providing the resonance chamber with the extension tube structure in the peripheral chamber with the micro-hole structure, which increases the acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing structure, improves the sound-absorption coefficient, widens the sound-absorption frequency band, and shifts the sound-absorption frequency band to the low frequency, thereby realizing low-frequency sound absorption and improving the product performance.
  • a low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure is provided according to the embodiments of the present application, which improves the sound-absorption coefficient, widens the sound-absorption frequency band during usage, and shifts the sound-absorption frequency band to the low frequency, thereby realizing low-frequency sound absorption and improving the product performance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure includes:
  • the acoustic impedance of an empty chamber is optimized by arranging the resonance chamber 2 in the empty chamber surrounded by the peripheral chamber 1 and arranging the extension tube structure 3 on the resonance chamber 2, such that the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in the present application can realize the absorption of low-frequency sound waves.
  • the space behind the micro-perforated plate 11 is fully used, and low-frequency sound waves can be absorbed without increasing the length of the peripheral chamber or the thickness of the material.
  • the acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing structure in the present application can be increased, the sound-absorption coefficient can be improved, the sound-absorption frequency band can be widened and shifted to the low frequency, thereby realizing low-frequency sound absorption.
  • the combination of the resonance chamber 2 and the extension tube structure 3 is referred to as an extension-tube resonance structure.
  • the extension tube structure 3 is provided with an extension tube, and one end of the extension tube passes through the through hole of the resonance chamber 2 and is connected to the chamber wall of the resonance chamber 2.
  • the micro-perforated plate 11, the back plate 12, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 in the embodiments of the present application may all be made of stainless steel, aluminum plate, plastic plate and other materials, which is not particularly limited in the present application. Further, multiple resonance chambers 2 are provided, and each of the resonance chambers 2 is arranged on the back plate 12.
  • multiple resonance chambers 2 with the extension tube structure 3 are provided in the peripheral chamber 1.
  • four resonance chambers 2 are provided, that is, multiple extension-tube resonance structures are provided in the peripheral chamber 1, so that the empty chamber is divided into multiple extension-tube resonance systems to further improve the absorption efficiency for the low frequency sounds.
  • the micro-perforated plate 11 and the multiple extension-tube resonance structures together form coupling resonance. From the equivalent circuit of "electricity-force-sound", it can be determined that the arrangement of the micro-perforated plate 11 and the extension-tube resonance structure belongs to series-connection noise reduction, achieving noise reduction with a double-layer structure.
  • the multiple extension tube structures form a parallel resonance circuit.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in the embodiments of the present application adopts a composite sound-absorbing structure of parallel-connection and series-connection, thereby realizing the control of wide frequency noise.
  • specific parameters of the resonance chamber 2 and the extension tube structure 3 in the embodiments of the present application can be set according to the frequency of the noise source, so as to achieve accurate noise reduction.
  • a sound-absorbing matching layer of the micro-perforated plate 11 allows medium and low frequency sound waves to enter the extension-tube resonance structure without reflection. Due to the sound scattering by the surface of the resonance chamber 2, sound waves can reach the resonance chamber 2 of each extension tube structure 3, and can push the air column in the extension tube to perform reciprocating vibration, and in the process of reciprocating vibration, low-frequency resonance sound absorption is achieved via viscous damping dissipation. Moreover, the micro-perforated plate 11 and the multiple extension-tube resonance structures further widen the dissipation of medium and high frequency sound waves in the combined structure.
  • the sound wave when the sound wave is radiated into the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in the present embodiment, the sound wave first reaches the surface of the micro-perforated plate 11, and pushes the air columns in the holes on the peripheral chamber 1 to perform reciprocating vibration. Due to the viscous damping effect of the micro-hole structures 111, part of the sound energy is converted into heat energy and consumed when passing through the micro-hole structures 111.
  • the sound wave continues to propagate along the empty chamber to form sound scattering on the surface of the extension-tube resonance structure
  • the air column in the extension-tube resonance structure also performs reciprocating vibration under the excitation of the sound wave
  • the composite structure can efficiently absorb low-frequency sound waves by optimizing the acoustic impedance of the extension-tube resonance structure.
  • extension tube structures 3 on the resonance chambers 2 direct toward the same direction.
  • the extension tube structures 3 on the resonance chambers 2 of the embodiments direct toward the same direction.
  • the specific orientation of the extension tube structure 3 on each resonance chamber 2 can be designed according to the incident direction of sound wave in practical applications, which is not specifically limited in the present application.
  • the extension tube structures 3 of the resonance chambers 2 right face the through holes of the micro-perforated plate 11. As shown in Figure 3 , the extension tube structures 3 of the resonance chambers 2 are parallel to the micro-perforated plate 11.
  • extension tube structure 3 on each resonance chamber 2 includes multiple extension tubes.
  • the extension tube structure 3 on each resonance chamber 2 includes two extension tubes.
  • Each extension tube structure 3 in Figure 2 has different numbers of extension tubes.
  • the extension tube structure 3 in the third resonance chamber 2 includes three extension tubes.
  • the length of the extension tube in each extension tube structure 3 may be identical or not, which can be set according to practical needs.
  • the diameter of the resonance chamber 2 in the embodiments of the present application may be 60mm
  • the hole diameter of the extension tube may be 2mm to 8mm
  • the perforation ratio of the extension tube may be 1% to 5%.
  • Specific parameters of the extension tube can be set according to the practical situation, which is not particularly limited in the present application.
  • Lengths of the extension tube structures 3 on the resonance chambers 2 are different.
  • lengths of the extension tube structures of the first resonance chamber, the second resonance chamber, and the third resonance chamber may be different from each other.
  • Lengths of the extension tubes in the extension tube structure of a single resonance chamber may be the same or not.
  • the length of the extension tube structure 3 in the first resonance chamber and the length of the extension tube structure 3 in the third resonance chamber may be 3cm, and the lengths of the extension tube structures 3 in the other two resonance chambers may be 2cm.
  • the length of the extension tube structure should be determined according to the practical situation, and the specific value thereof is not particularly limited in the present application.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in the embodiments of the present application may further include an isolation layer provided between two adjacent resonance chambers.
  • the isolation layer in the embodiments of the present application may be made of melamine foam.
  • a melamine foam layer 41 with a thickness of 10mm is provided between two adjacent resonance chambers 2 to separate the two adjacent resonance chambers 2.
  • the isolation layer in the embodiments of the present application may be made of metal to separate the resonance chambers 2 from each other, forming multiple independent working units.
  • a metal partition plate 42 with a thickness of 2mm is provided between two adjacent resonance chambers 2 to separate the two adjacent resonance chambers 2 to form a pair of independent working units.
  • the resonance chamber 2 in each working unit works independently and does not interfere with each other.
  • the thickness of the isolation layer in the embodiments of the present application can be set according to the practical situation, which is not particularly limited in the present application.
  • the resonance chamber 2 is spherical.
  • the diameter of the resonance chamber 2 may be 60mm, and the thickness of the chamber wall of the resonance chamber 2 may be 1mm.
  • the specific parameters should be set according to the practical situation, which are not particularly limited in the present application.
  • micro-hole structures 11 are uniformly distributed.
  • the depth of the peripheral chamber 1 (that is, the distance between the micro-perforated plate 11 and the back plate 2) in the embodiments of the present application may be 70mm
  • the micro-perforated plate 11 may be a square with a side length of 100mm and the thickness of the micro-perforated plate 11 may be 0.5mm to 1mm
  • the diameter of the micro-hole structure 111 may be 0.4mm to 0.9mm
  • the perforation ratio of the micro-hole structure 111 is 1% to 4%
  • the micro-hole structures 111 on the micro-perforated plate 11 may be distributed uniformly, for example, distributed in a regular square, which is conducive to improving the absorption efficiency of sound waves.
  • the preset method includes:
  • Parameters of the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in Figure 2 are optimized by the simulated annealing optimization algorithm shown in Figure 6 .
  • r represents the relative specific acoustic resistance
  • m represents the relative acoustic mass
  • ⁇ c represents the specific acoustic resistance of air
  • ⁇ represents the angular frequency
  • t represents the thickness of the micro-perforated plate
  • d the diameter of the perforation
  • p represents
  • the sound wave equation inside the extension-tube resonance structure can also be solved, and the surface acoustic resistances of the four extension tube resonators in Figure 2 , that is Z P 1 , Z P 2 , Z P 3 , and Z P 4 , can further be obtained.
  • the impedance transfer value Z P ' from the surface of the extension-tube resonance structure to the surface of the micro-perforated plate can be obtained:
  • Z P ′ Z a Z p + jZ a tan k a t ′ Z a + jZ p tan k a t ′ ,
  • Z a ⁇ c represents the characteristic acoustic impedance of the air
  • k a represents the propagation constant of the sound wave in the air
  • t ' represents the thickness of the air layer between the resonator and the micro-perforated plate.
  • the sound-absorption coefficient is determined by the parameters of the micro-perforated plate layer, the air layer, and the resonance structure. Combined with the simulated annealing optimization algorithm, the approximate global optimization parameters of the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure can be found, thereby realizing the optimal design of the composite structure.
  • a sound-absorbing layer of the micro-perforated plate 11 has (d, t, D, p) four parameters (D represents the depth of the peripheral chamber 1, that is, the thickness of the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure), and each extension-tube resonance structure has four variables, and the four extension-tube resonance structures have a total of sixteen variables, so the objective function includes twenty variables.
  • the parameters of the variables are determined according to the optimal solution, that is, the specific values corresponding to the parameters are determined, and the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure is configured according to the specific values of the parameters.
  • low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structures in the embodiments of the present application can also use the above method to calculate the sound-absorption coefficient relationship equation (that is, the objective function) corresponding to each low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure, and the optimize the objective function by the simulated annealing optimization algorithm to find out the optimal parameters corresponding to the corresponding low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure, and then the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure with the best sound-absorption effect can be obtained.
  • the sound-absorption coefficient relationship equation that is, the objective function
  • the above structural parameter optimization algorithm in the embodiments of the present application allows the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure to have a low-frequency broad-band noise reduction effect in the low-frequency band of 80HZ to 2000Hz and realize the efficient reduction of low-frequency broad-band noise of rail transportation equipment and high-speed delivery platforms.
  • the curve 62 in Figure 7 represents a frequency - sound-absorption coefficient curve corresponding to a conventional micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure
  • the curve 61 represents a frequency - sound-absorption coefficient curve corresponding to the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in an embodiment of the present application, that is, a frequency - sound-absorption coefficient curve corresponding to the sound-absorbing structure with the extension-tube resonance structure provided in the peripheral chamber.
  • the sound-absorption coefficient of the conventional micro-perforated plate structure is not greater than 0.15 in the frequency range of 100HZ to 250Hz, and the sound-absorption effect is poor, while the sound-absorption coefficient of the formant of the sound-absorbing structure with the extension-tube resonance structure provided in the peripheral chamber according to the embodiment of the present application reaches 0.91 at 170Hz, and the sound-absorption coefficient keeps beyond 0.5 in the frequency range of 150HZ to 200Hz.
  • the curve 71 in Figure 8 represents a frequency-sound-absorption coefficient curve corresponding to a conventional micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure with a chamber depth of 150mm
  • the curve 72 represents a frequency-sound-absorption coefficient curve corresponding to the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure with a chamber depth of 150mm according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the sound-absorption effect of the sound-absorbing structure in the embodiment of the present application is obviously superior to that of the conventional sound-absorbing structure, and as can been seen from Figures 7 and 8 , the size of the entire sound-absorbing structure in the embodiment of the present application is only 1/28 of the wavelength of the control sound wave.
  • the sound-absorption effect varies according to the number of the extension-tube resonance structures inside the low-frequency-coupling sound-absorbing structure.
  • the curve 81 represents a frequency-sound-absorption coefficient curve corresponding to a sound-absorbing structure with four extension-tube resonance structures provided in the peripheral wall
  • the curve 82 represents a frequency-sound-absorption coefficient curve corresponding to a sound-absorbing structure with three extension-tube resonance structures provided in the peripheral wall.
  • the chamber depths of the two sound-absorbing structures are both 150mm.
  • the sound-absorption frequency band of the sound-absorbing structure with four extension-tube resonance structures is wider than that of the sound-absorbing structure with three extension-tube resonance structures, and the sound-absorption coefficients at the formants of the sound-absorbing structure with four extension-tube resonance structures all exceed 0.8, which shows that the more the extension-tube resonance structures provided in the peripheral chamber 1, the better the low-frequency and broad-band sound-absorption performance of the entire sound-absorbing structure.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure includes the peripheral chamber, the resonance chamber arranged inside the peripheral chamber, and the extension tube structure arranged inside the resonance chamber, wherein one end of the extension tube structure is connected to the chamber wall of the resonance chamber through the corresponding through hole; and the peripheral chamber includes the micro-perforated plate, the back plate, the first side plate, and the second side plate, wherein the micro-perforated plate is provided with multiple micro-hole structures, the micro-perforated plate is opposite to the back plate, and the first side plate is opposite to the second side plate.
  • the low-frequency coupling sound-absorbing structure in the embodiments of the present application can increase the acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing structure by providing the resonance chamber with the extension tube structure in the peripheral chamber with the micro-hole structure, which increases the acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing structure, improves the sound-absorption coefficient, widens the sound-absorption frequency band, and shifts the sound-absorption frequency band to the low frequency, thereby realizing low-frequency sound absorption and improving the product performance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
EP19884417.7A 2018-11-15 2019-10-29 Low-frequency coupling sound absorbing structure Active EP3706114B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811359437.9A CN109147750A (zh) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 一种低频耦合吸声结构
PCT/CN2019/113918 WO2020098477A1 (zh) 2018-11-15 2019-10-29 一种低频耦合吸声结构

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EP3706114A4 EP3706114A4 (en) 2021-07-28
EP3706114B1 true EP3706114B1 (en) 2023-05-31

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JP2013250501A (ja) * 2012-06-04 2013-12-12 Three M Innovative Properties Co 吸音ボード
JP6092658B2 (ja) * 2013-02-27 2017-03-08 大成建設株式会社 共鳴型吸音体
CN103700366B (zh) * 2013-12-24 2016-06-15 江苏大学 复合共振腔的机械阻抗与微穿孔板结合的宽频吸声结构
CN107437411B (zh) * 2016-05-27 2023-09-15 北京市劳动保护科学研究所 一种低频复合吸声装置
CN107514066B (zh) * 2016-06-16 2019-05-17 中国科学院声学研究所 一种基于延长管共振结构的轻质低频隔声装置
CN108399911B (zh) * 2017-02-06 2024-03-22 北京市劳动保护科学研究所 一种低频宽带的通风散热隔声结构
CN107610688B (zh) * 2017-09-05 2024-04-26 同济大学 一种腔管复合隔声结构
CN109147750A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-04 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 一种低频耦合吸声结构

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EP3706114A4 (en) 2021-07-28

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