CN110763085A - 一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构 - Google Patents

一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构 Download PDF

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CN110763085A
CN110763085A CN201910875571.2A CN201910875571A CN110763085A CN 110763085 A CN110763085 A CN 110763085A CN 201910875571 A CN201910875571 A CN 201910875571A CN 110763085 A CN110763085 A CN 110763085A
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卢天健
辛锋先
何伟
提飞
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种应用于装甲车和坦克等降噪的微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，包括上面板、第一层水平布置矩形管、竖直布置矩形管、第二层水平布置矩形管和下面板。各部件经焊接或者粘接等形成整体结构。上面板、第一层水平布置矩形管和第二层水平布置矩形管上开设有吸音孔，开孔方向垂直于板面。吸音孔与结构内部空腔组成Helmholtz共鸣器吸收噪音。使用时，上面板朝向噪声源安装，下面板背向噪声源。本发明结构简单，制造方便，吸声性能优异以及能够承载和抵御一定的爆炸冲击波损伤，同时兼具重量轻的特点，具有实际工程应用价值。

Description

一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构
技术领域
本发明涉及装甲车和坦克等降噪结构设计领域，既能吸收噪音，又能起到承载和吸收爆炸冲击波能量的作用，具体是一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构。
背景技术
装甲车和坦克等内部空间噪声环境恶劣，长时间乘坐，乘员身体状态和精神状态都会出现严重不适，进而注意力分散，对外界突发状况的处置效率下降。传统微穿孔吸声板是在一块薄板上面钻直径为1mm以下的小孔制成，吸声峰值较少，不能在较宽的频带内取得良好的吸声效果。此外，在作战环境中装甲车和坦克等还面临着地雷等爆炸破坏的威胁，微穿孔板刚度强度有限，不能抵御爆炸冲击波的损伤。因此，设计一种在较宽频带范围内降噪性能优异且具备承载和抵御冲击波损伤的新型结构，对提升装甲车和坦克的乘坐舒适性和安全性至关重要。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有微穿孔吸声板吸声效果差和刚度强度不足的问题，提供了一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，结构简单，加工方便，质量轻，既能吸收噪音又能承载和抵御一定的爆炸冲击波损伤。
一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，包括上面板、第一层水平布置矩形管、竖直布置矩形管、第二层水平布置矩形管和下面板。各部件经焊接或者粘接等形成整体结构。上面板、第一层水平布置矩形管和第二层水平布置矩形管开设有吸音孔，开孔方向垂直于板面。吸音孔与结构内部空腔组成Helmholtz共鸣器吸收噪音。
进一步，第一层水平布置矩形管、竖直布置矩形管、第二层水平布置矩形管截面尺寸不同，可根据设计进行调整。
进一步，上面板、第一层水平布置矩形管和第二层水平布置矩形管上开设的吸音孔直径为0.1mm-1mm，且开孔方向垂直于板面。
进一步，上面板、第一层水平布置矩形管、竖直布置矩形管、第二层水平布置矩形管和下面板可以由木制板材、金属、塑料、多孔纤维或多孔泡沫制成。
进一步，结构内部空腔中可填充多孔吸声材料。
进一步，使用时，上面板朝向噪声源安装，下面板背向噪声源。
本发明有益效果在于：
1、上面板、第一层水平布置矩形管和第二层水平布置矩形管上的微穿孔与结构内空腔形成一系列Helmholtz共鸣器组合，结构的吸声曲线上出现多个峰值，吸声系数超过0.5的频率范围变宽。
2、矩形管三维尺寸可设计，面内面外力学性能可调。整体结构能够承受外界载荷和抵御一定的爆炸冲击波损伤。微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构实现了吸声、承载和抵御冲击波损伤一体化设计，同时结构简单，质量轻，在装甲车和坦克等上面有实际工程应用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明一个实施例的三维结构示意图；
其中：1、上面板；2、第一层水平布置矩形管；3、竖直布置矩形管；4、第二层水平布置矩形管；5、下面板；
图2为代表性单元胞；
其中：d 11、d 12、d 21、d 22、d 31、d 41和d 42为代表性单元胞中各微穿孔的直径；
图3为微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构吸声系数随入射声波频率的变化曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，如图1所示，包括从上至下依次连接的上面板1、第一层水平布置矩形管2、第二层水平布置矩形管4和下面板5，所述的第一层水平布置矩形管2和第二层水平布置矩形管4为若干等距正交分布的矩形管材，相邻的矩形管材之间分布有竖直布置矩形管3，各部件经焊接或者粘接形成整体结构。上面板1、第一层水平布置矩形管2和第二层水平布置矩形管4上开设有吸音孔，开孔方向垂直于板面。吸音孔与结构内部空腔组成Helmholtz共鸣器吸收噪音。
所述微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构可采用木制板材、金属、塑料、多孔纤维或多孔泡沫制成。结构内部空气域中可填充多孔吸声材料，这样设计的目的在于利用多孔材料内部孔隙对空气的流动进行阻碍，增加空气的粘性耗散和热耗散，增强结构的吸声能力。
所述微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构在使用时上面板朝向噪声源安装，下面板背离噪声源。这样设计的目的是让更多的噪音进入结构内部，将噪音能量部分转化为热能而耗散，减少在面板处反射的噪音能量。
实施例中，上面板和下面板厚度及各管件的壁厚均为0.5mm；第一层水平布置矩形管截面长度为6mm，高度为10mm；竖直布置矩形管截面长宽均为6mm；第二层水平布置矩形管截面长度为6mm，高度为8mm；从结构中提取单元胞，如图2所示，微穿孔的直径分别为d 11=0.7mm、d 12=0.5mm、d 21=1.0mm、d 22=0.4mm、d 31=0.8mm、d 41=0.8mm和d 42=0.4mm。
在本实施例中整个结构的材质均为奥氏体不锈钢，密度约为7950kg/m3。
在本实施例中，如图3所示，在入射声波频率为1040Hz时吸声系数为0.9，在入射声波频率为1550Hz时吸声系数为0.99，在入射声波频率为2220Hz时吸声系数为0.9。从823Hz一直到2583Hz，结构的吸声系数均超过0.5。在500Hz到3000Hz内，结构的平均吸声系数达到0.5054。总之，在整体结构高度仅为19mm的情况下，微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构在较宽的频带内具备优异吸声性能。
综上所述，本发明通过将微穿孔正交排布矩形管放置到上层微穿孔板和下层面板中间形成微穿孔三明治结构，不仅具备优异的宽频吸声能力，而且能够承载和抵御一定的爆炸冲击波损伤。
本发明具体应用途径很多，以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，其特征在于：包括从上至下依次连接的上面板（1）、第一层水平布置矩形管（2）、第二层水平布置矩形管（4）和下面板（5），所述的第一层水平布置矩形管（2）和第二层水平布置矩形管（4）为若干等距正交分布的矩形管材，相邻的矩形管材之间分布有竖直布置矩形管（3），各部件经焊接或者粘接形成整体结构，上面板（1）、第一层水平布置矩形管（2）和第二层水平布置矩形管（4）开设有吸音孔，与结构内部空腔组成Helmholtz共鸣器吸收噪音。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，其特征在于：所述的第一层水平布置矩形管（2）、竖直布置矩形管（3）、第二层水平布置矩形管（4）具有不同的截面尺寸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，其特征在于：所述的上面板（1）、第一层水平布置矩形管（2）和第二层水平布置矩形管（4）上开设的吸音孔直径为0.1mm-1mm，且开孔方向垂直于板面。
4.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，其特征在于：所述的上面板（1）、第一层水平布置矩形管（2）、竖直布置矩形管（3）、第二层水平布置矩形管（4）和下面板（5）所用材质为木制板材、金属、塑料、多孔纤维或多孔泡沫。
5.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，其特征在于：所述的结构内部空腔中填充有多孔吸声材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构，其特征在于：所述的上面板（1）朝向噪声源安装，下面板（5）背向噪声源安装。
CN201910875571.2A 2019-09-17 2019-09-17 一种微穿孔正交排布矩形管夹芯吸声吸能复合结构 Pending CN110763085A (zh)

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CN111688300A (zh) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-22 西安交通大学 具有十字加筋多胞方管的复合结构芯体夹层板及制备方法
IT202200002072A1 (it) * 2022-02-04 2022-05-04 Mattia Giannaccari Piastra forata schermante lo scafo strutturale di un veicolo sottoposto a un’onda d’urto ad alta velocità
CN115096140A (zh) * 2022-06-24 2022-09-23 南京理工大学 一种多层功能导流式防护结构

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