EP3683295B1 - Régénération des huiles usées - Google Patents

Régénération des huiles usées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3683295B1
EP3683295B1 EP20151574.9A EP20151574A EP3683295B1 EP 3683295 B1 EP3683295 B1 EP 3683295B1 EP 20151574 A EP20151574 A EP 20151574A EP 3683295 B1 EP3683295 B1 EP 3683295B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regeneration
bitumen
centrifugal separator
solid
plant
Prior art date
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EP20151574.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3683295A1 (fr
Inventor
Victor BALDO
Francesco Gallo
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Itelyum Regeneration SpA
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Itelyum Regeneration SpA
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Priority to PL20151574T priority Critical patent/PL3683295T3/pl
Publication of EP3683295A1 publication Critical patent/EP3683295A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0058—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by filtration and centrifugation processes; apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
    • C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
    • C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
    • C10G67/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0016—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning with the use of chemical agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
    • C10M175/0033—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes using distillation processes; devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
    • C10M175/0041—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes by hydrogenation processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an enhancement process of waste products of the regeneration of exhaust oils, useful for increasing the fraction of products apt to be sold following the regeneration of oils, mostly used non-edible oils.
  • lubricants - oils and fats of various types - has been fashionable since the beginning of mechanics. Such use is essential when there are mechanical parts which slide one with respect to the other, to cause such movement to occur in the smoothest possible manner, without the moving parts getting jammed in each other, preferably without removal of flakes of material coming off such parts. Moreover, lubrication remarkably reduces frictions, reducing energy consumption and allowing better performances.
  • lubricants are used in internal combustion engines for vehicles, for example for motor vehicles. In them, the extremely fast sliding movements bring to very high temperatures, supported also by the effects of internal combustion. Another important use is in tool machines. For this reason, lubricants undergo a series of reactions, caused by the high temperatures which arise in these situations; in particular, pyrolysis, cracking, condensation, hydrogenation, dehydration and dehydrogenation reactions occur, so that cleavages and recombinations of the molecules forming lubricants take place. That causes the chemical composition of lubricants to change over time; that implies, rather obviously, that also the physical and chemical-physical features of lubricants change over time.
  • lubricants normally lose their gliding-assisting properties and can even become dangerous for the mechanical parts they are applied to. This is made worse by the fact that small flakes of metal or of metal oxides detach nevertheless from the moving parts and remain suspended in oil and that solid, abrasive polymers often form - with the previously discussed reactions. At this point, or rather, before this point, it is suitable to replace the lubricants, with the operation known in jargon as "oil change", eliminating used lubricants and adding fresh ones.
  • the first processes were those with sulphuric acid and with liquid propane. That is, oils are processed adding sulphuric acid or propane, so as to remove a good deal of the impurities contained in exhaust oils.
  • the process with acid has been virtually abandoned, due to the remarkable pollution problems that it implies.
  • the step of acidic processing is fully replaced by a clarification with liquid propane.
  • Propane is chosen as hydrocarbon, because it is easily liquefiable and of low density once liquefied. It hence acts as thinner on the oils it is added to, so as to allow the separation of a high-density phase - which contains polymers with a high molecular weight and heavy metals - from a second fraction, consisting of clarified and dehydrated oils. Propane is hence removed and recycled upon mixing with incoming oils.
  • Bitumen is a relatively poor product, less expensive and hence less profitable with respect to lubricant bases. However, it has a certain market, especially for road building.
  • Italian patent no. 102015000018543 and with EP 3 098 291 the Applicant disclosed a method for enhancing the bitumen fraction produced together with the lubricant bases, to obtain a higher-quality product, which could be sold as master batch or as base for inks and the like. Thereby, even the bituminous fraction has become more appealing and the production thereof more profitable.
  • US 3 625 881 refers to reclaim of oil coming from the cranck case by flash vapourisation, admixture with a hydrocarbon oil in the presence of an alkali. Fractionated distillation steps take also place.
  • the problem at the basis of the invention is to propose a process for the recovery of exhaust oils which overcomes the mentioned drawbacks and which allows to push further the recovery of exhaust oil, enhancing a further portion of the waste (the residue in the centrifuge), nowadays to be disposed of, so as to further reduce the sludge and be economically more advantageous.
  • This object is achieved through a process for the enhancement of the wastes of the regeneration of exhaust oils which provides a processing of the residue contained in at least one centrifugal separator, active in a regeneration process of exhaust oils, characterised in that said residue is caused to undergo a decanting step, to separate the solid from the liquid, in that said solid undergoes a drying step, and in that such processed residue is ready to mix with the bitumen, coming from a fractioned distillation column.
  • the present invention refers to a plant for the regeneration of exhaust oils, comprising at least a centrifugal separator, a fractioned distillation column and a hydrorefining refinement unit, characterised in that, downstream of the exit of the waste of said centrifugal separator, it comprises at least a decanter and a dryer at the end of which the processed solid comes out, ready to mix with the bitumen supplied by pipe, coming from a fractioned distillation column.
  • the present invention refers to a bitumen, obtained as a fractioned distillation tail in a process for the regeneration of exhaust oils, characterised in that a solid residue is added thereto in a step of centrifugal separation, processed in a process as described in the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the exhaust oil to be regenerated - containing many impurities of a different type - enters from entry 1 and is supplied to a flash distillation column 2.
  • the oil to be regenerated may be enriched with a base, preferably a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide and/or, preferably, a potassium hydroxide, to remove acidic agents which pollute the oil to be regenerated.
  • the temperature is maintained above the boiling temperature of water - preferably at 130-140°C, at a pressure of about 250 torr - and there is the separation of an aqueous phase, comprising water, already present in the waste supplied into 1, water within which the strong base was dissolved and water formed from the reaction of the base with the spurious agents found in the oil, which comes out of column 2 as steam, containing light cleavage products of the oil from exit 3. From exit 4 the oil which must undergo the further regeneration processing comes out instead.
  • the oil is thus supplied to a centrifugal separator 5, wherein the oil which must continue the regeneration thereof is separated from sediments, mostly solid in a slurry, consisting of carbonaceous agents which are harmful for the mechanisms to be lubricated.
  • the centrifugal separator provides a turbine which has a rotation speed of 5,000-6,000 revolutions per minute. Following the separation in centrifugal separator 5, the part of oil to be regenerated comes out of pipe 6, while the solid material - the residue - is removed through pipe 7.
  • Pipe 6 supplies a heat exchanger 8 (for example, an oven), where the oil temperature is brought to a value suitable for the subsequent fractioned distillation, which occurs in column 9, whereto it is supplied by pipe 10.
  • a heat exchanger 8 for example, an oven
  • Such temperature lies above 300°C, preferably ranging between 300 and 400°C.
  • the useful product fractions come out of column 9 through pipes 11-14 and are supplied to a hydrorefining reactor 15, wherefrom, after the hydrogenrefining treatment, at a temperature ranging between 280 and 360°C, at a pressure ranging between 50 and 120 bar, they come out in 16 as bases for lubricants, ready to be treated by the manufacturer together with fresh oil fractions, to be put back onto the market in the desired formulations.
  • the tail of column 9 comes out of pipe 17 and essentially consists of bitumen, to be reused for less noble uses, such as the road tarmac and roof weatherproofing.
  • Pipe 7 coming out of centrifugal separator 5 supplies the waste of separator 5 to a decanting and drying unit 18, wherefrom the processed solid comes out in 19, ready to mix with the bitumen supplied by pipe 17, coming from fractioned distillation column 9.
  • the solid processed according to the present invention is perfectly mixable with bitumen and imparts to the latter useful properties, up until today not even imaginable, such as greater durability and less noise.
  • Fig. 2 shows more in detail the part of the processing of the solid residue, real core of the present invention.
  • Pipe 7 carries the material to be enhanced to a decanter 20, of a type known per se.
  • the floating part of the contents of decanter 20, containing mostly water, is taken and sent through pipe 21 to the processing unit of wastewaters, to be treated in a known manner and discharged into the sewer. Thereby, most of the water is removed from the solid, which today makes these solids unmixable with bitumen.
  • the bottom part, heavier and more viscous, is discharged by decanter 20 onto a conveyor belt 22.
  • Drying devices 23 act 23 on conveyor belt 22.
  • decanting and drying unit 18 comprises a decanter 20 and a dryer.
  • Said dryer preferably comprises a conveyor belt 22 and one or more drying devices 23.
  • Such drying devices 23 may be of various types.
  • a stripping step with steam, with air or nitrogen or another inert gas can be provided.
  • Said drying step occurs at a temperature preferably ranging between 50°C and 300°C, preferably between 80 and 280°C, in a further preferred manner between 110 and 180°C, so as not to alter the composition of the solid, while effectively removing water therefrom.
  • Said drying step occurs preferably at a pressure ranging between 10 and 450 torr, in an more preferred manner between 50 and 800 torr, in the most preferred manner between 200 and 450 torr, so as to further accelerate the removal of water as steam.
  • the solid may be used directly as bitumen, allowing to have a more marked material recovery compared to what occurred in the past, with a significant increase of the amount of sellable bitumen, what is more of excellent quality - as mentioned, of higher value than that of bitumen per se - and consequently with smaller energy consumption and with a smaller expenditure for waste disposal.
  • bitumen which is obtained according to the present invention can rightly be called “ecological bitumen", since, as mentioned, it allows a marked reduction of the final waste, which would have to be disposed of with a non negligible environmental impact.
  • ecological bitumen since, as mentioned, it allows a marked reduction of the final waste, which would have to be disposed of with a non negligible environmental impact.
  • the invention must not be considered limited to the particular arrangement illustrated above, which makes up only an exemplifying embodiment thereof, but that different modifications are possible, all within the reach of a person skilled in the field, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention, as defined by the following claims.
  • the present invention extends to the case in which centrifugal separation occurs on multiple partialised flows.
  • multiple centrifugal separators 5 are provided, operating in parallel.
  • decanting and drying unit 18 may comprise multiple decanters 20, operating in parallel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé pour l'amélioration de déchets provenant de la régénération d'huiles usagées qui offre un traitement du résidu contenu dans au moins un séparateur centrifuge (5), actif dans un procédé pour la régénération d'huiles usagées, caractérisé en ce que ledit résidu subit une étape de décantation, pour séparer le solide du liquide, en ce que ledit solide subit une étape de séchage, et en ce que le solide soumis au procédé est mélangé avec du bitume, provenant d'une distillation à colonne fractionnée du centrifugat du au moins un séparateur centrifuge (5).
  2. Procédé comme dans 1), caractérisé en ce que ledit séparateur centrifuge (5) fournit une turbine qui a une vitesse située entre 5000 et 6000 t/min.
  3. Procédé comme dans 1) ou dans 2), caractérisé en ce que ladite étape de séchage a lieu à une température située entre 50°C et 300°C.
  4. Procédé comme dans 3), caractérisé en ce que ladite température est située entre 80°C et 280°C.
  5. Procédé comme dans 3) ou dans 4), caractérisé en ce que ladite température est située entre 110°C et 180°C.
  6. Procédé comme dans l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite étape de séchage a lieu à une pression située entre 10 et 450 torrs.
  7. Procédé comme dans 6), caractérisé en ce que ladite pression est située entre 50 et 800 torrs.
  8. Procédé comme dans 6) ou dans 7), caractérisé en ce que la pression est située entre 200 et 450 torrs.
  9. Installation pour la régénération d'huiles usagées, comprenant au moins un séparateur centrifuge (5), une colonne de distillation fractionnée (9) et une unité d'hydroraffinage (15), caractérisée en ce que, en aval de la sortie de résidu dudit séparateur centrifuge (5), elle comprend au moins un décanteur (20) et un séchoir (22 ; 23) à l'extrémité duquel le solide soumis au procédé sort (en 19), et est mélangé avec du bitume fourni par un tuyau (17), depuis la distillation à colonne fractionnée du centrifugat du au moins un séparateur centrifuge (5).
  10. Installation comme dans 9), caractérisée en ce que ledit séchoir comprend une courroie de transport (22) et un ou plusieurs dispositifs de séchage (23).
  11. Installation comme dans 10), caractérisée en ce que lesdits dispositifs de séchage (23) amènent la courroie de transport (22) à subir l'action d'un vide, d'air chaud, ou d'une vapeur air ou azote ou autre entraînement gazeux inerte.
  12. Installation comme dans l'une quelconque des revendications 9) à 11), caractérisée en ce que de multiples séparateurs centrifuges (5) fonctionnant en parallèle sont prévus.
  13. Installation comme dans l'une quelconque des revendications 9) à 12), caractérisée en ce que de multiples décanteurs (20) fonctionnant en parallèle sont prévus.
  14. Bitume, obtenu comme queue de distillation fractionnée du centrifugat d'une étape de séparation centrifuge dans un procédé pour la régénération d'huiles usagées, caractérisé en ce qu'un solide de l'étape de séparation centrifuge soumis au procédé y est ajouté, dans lequel le solide soumis au procédé est traité dans un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1) à 8).
EP20151574.9A 2019-01-15 2020-01-14 Régénération des huiles usées Active EP3683295B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL20151574T PL3683295T3 (pl) 2019-01-15 2020-01-14 Regeneracja olejów odpadowych

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102019000000613A IT201900000613A1 (it) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Processo di valorizzazione di scarti della rigenerazione di olii usati

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3683295A1 EP3683295A1 (fr) 2020-07-22
EP3683295B1 true EP3683295B1 (fr) 2021-07-14

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EP20151574.9A Active EP3683295B1 (fr) 2019-01-15 2020-01-14 Régénération des huiles usées

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3683295B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2884927T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT201900000613A1 (fr)
MA (1) MA50425A (fr)
PL (1) PL3683295T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT3683295T (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202000001357A1 (it) * 2020-01-24 2021-07-24 Itelyum Regeneration S P A Valorizzazione dei sottoprodotti di un processo di rigenerazione di olii usati
IT202100031700A1 (it) * 2021-12-17 2023-06-17 Itelyum Regeneration S P A Processo di recupero di un complesso di rifiuti

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3625881A (en) * 1970-08-31 1971-12-07 Berks Associates Inc Crank case oil refining
ITUB20151298A1 (it) * 2015-05-28 2016-11-28 Itelyum Regeneration S R L Procedimento di rigenerazione di olii usati

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MA50425A (fr) 2021-03-24
EP3683295A1 (fr) 2020-07-22
ES2884927T3 (es) 2021-12-13
IT201900000613A1 (it) 2020-07-15
PL3683295T3 (pl) 2021-12-20
PT3683295T (pt) 2021-08-13

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