EP3680386A1 - Method and device for removing and / or damaging coating on fibres and / or filaments - Google Patents
Method and device for removing and / or damaging coating on fibres and / or filaments Download PDFInfo
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- EP3680386A1 EP3680386A1 EP20400001.2A EP20400001A EP3680386A1 EP 3680386 A1 EP3680386 A1 EP 3680386A1 EP 20400001 A EP20400001 A EP 20400001A EP 3680386 A1 EP3680386 A1 EP 3680386A1
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- electron beams
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- textile
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012210 heat-resistant fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010795 gaseous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nonwoven Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011369 optimal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/008—Treatment with radioactive elements or with neutrons, alpha, beta or gamma rays
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods and devices for removing and / or damaging size on and / or fibers and / or filaments from flat textile structures or spatial textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material.
- high-strength materials such as glass, carbon or basalt are used as reinforcing fibers in the manufacture of fiber composite materials.
- the fibers / filaments are coated with a size / finishing agent.
- the size has an oily or silicone-like consistency and wraps around the fibers / filaments like a coat. This reduces the breaking behavior of the fibers / filaments. It enables the fibers / filaments to be bent in smaller radii and to slide with less friction with one another.
- the publication DE 30 00 582 A1 discloses a method of grafting a fire retardant additive onto flammable materials, fibers and other materials.
- a solution of the additive is applied to the substances, the fibers or the materials and at least partially dried.
- the material is then exposed to an electron beam so that the fire retardant additive is grafted onto the flammable material, the flammable fiber or the flammable material.
- the electron beam leads to a radiation-induced chemical adhesive bond and surface coating hardening of the fire-retardant additive.
- the publication DE 195 46 187 C2 includes a method and a device for plasma-assisted surface treatment, in particular for plasma sterilization, the surface modification of plastics and the deposition of polymer layers.
- a plasma of uniform density is used, which is formed from a supplied reactive gas between a window in front of an electron band emitter and the material.
- a method for desizing cellulosic textile materials for subsequent bleaching or dyeing is known.
- the textile material is desized with an aqueous Medium impregnated, pressed, exposed to electron beams and washed.
- the aqueous medium for impregnation and thus for desizing contains sodium hydroxide and a wetting agent.
- the invention specified in claims 1, 3 and 11 is based on the object of providing composite materials with a fixed connection between fibers and / or filaments of sheet-like textile structures or spatial textile structures for reinforcing the composite material and a matrix of the composite material.
- the methods and devices for removing and / or damaging size on and / or fibers and / or filaments from sheet-like textile structures or spatial textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material are distinguished in particular by the fact that composite materials with a firm connection between fibers and / or filaments of sheet-like textile structures or spatial textile structures to reinforce the composite material and a matrix of the composite material can be provided.
- the flat textile structure or spatial textile structure is subjected to accelerated electrons from at least one source for generating electron beams as a band emitter for producing an electron curtain.
- At least one source for generating electron beams is arranged at a distance from the sheet-like textile structure or spatial textile structure as a band emitter for generating an electron curtain such that accelerated electrons reach the surface of the flat textile structure or spatial textile structure from the source for generating electron beams .
- the electron beam process used works by means of accelerated electrons based on the principle of the Braun tube.
- the electrons By applying an electrical voltage between the cathode and anode, the electrons are accelerated in the direction of the exit window, pass through the exit window and reach the surface of fibers and / or filaments of the respective structure.
- the electrons When the electrons come into contact with the fibers and / or filaments, they convert almost all of their kinetic energy into heat through collision processes.
- the electrons penetrate to a certain depth. Adhesive deposits or finishes are removed and / or damaged.
- the penetration depth of the electrons can be controlled via the variation of the acceleration intensity, so that deposits or sizes of fibers and / or filaments in the interior of the respective structure can also be removed.
- the source for the generation of electron beams is a band emitter with a very thin electron exit window, so that a flat and continuous treatment of the respective structure is given.
- a plurality of radiators can also be arranged in order to be able to act on larger widths and / or more sides of the structure.
- a particular advantage when using electron beams to remove and / or damage sizing on fibers and / or filaments is the low use of energy compared to known heat processes for burning sizing, such as by means of pyrolysis furnaces.
- the output can be 50 kW to 100 kW.
- the source for generating electron beams can require one tenth the power of an oven.
- the thermal treatment in the furnace is still a discontinuous process. Each time the furnace is loaded and opened, it must be heated up or reheated.
- the use of a source for generating electron beams leads to a continuous process.
- the structure can continuously at the source are guided past so that electron beams and thus electrons continuously reach the moving surface of the structure.
- the electron beam process causes more uniform emissions of gaseous waste products from the sizes, which can be continuously extracted and filtered during the movement of the structure.
- the use of the electron beam method ensures that the removal and / or damage of sizes on fibers and / or filaments of textile structures is easier, economically more economical and more environmentally friendly than using a furnace. It is also possible to control the penetration depth and electron density per treatment area and thus achieve an optimal treatment depending on individual material properties.
- the structure as a flat textile structure or spatial textile structure can in particular be a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven fabric, a yarn sheet and / or a filament sheet.
- the structure is guided past two sources for generating electron beams which are arranged at a distance from one another, so that the electron beams of the sources for generating electron beams reach two opposite surfaces of the structure.
- two sources for generating electron beams are arranged at a distance from one another.
- the structure is or will continue to be guided and / or transported between the sources such that the electron beams from the source are used to generate Electron beams reach two opposite surfaces of the structure.
- the structure is or are located on and / or on at least one driven transport device.
- the source for generating electron beams and the drive of the transport device are connected to a control device according to the development of claim 6.
- At least one device for extracting waste products is arranged downstream of the source or sources for generating electron beams.
- the waste products can easily be removed continuously and immediately after they are created.
- the source for generating electron beams and at least the exposed surface of the structure are located in a chamber with a vacuum or a protective gas.
- the source for generating electron beams and at least the exposed surface of the structure are in a chamber with an entrance and an exit for the structure, so that it can be transported continuously through the chamber.
- the structure is a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven fabric, a yarn sheet and / or a filament sheet.
- the flat textile structure 1 is only referred to as structure 1.
- a device for removing and / or damaging the size of fibers and / or filaments of structure 1 for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material essentially consists of at least one source 2 for generating electron beams as a band emitter for producing an electron curtain.
- the Fig. 1 shows a device for removing and / or damaging the size of fibers and / or filaments of structures 1 for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite in a basic side view.
- sources 2 for generating electron beams are arranged at a distance from the structure 1 as band emitters for generating an electron curtain in such a way that accelerated electrons from the sources 2 reach the surfaces of the structure 1 for generating electron beams.
- the structure 1 is on and / or at least a driven transport device. This can be driven transport rollers 3, for example, also in connection with carriers.
- At least one device 4 for sucking off waste products 5 is arranged downstream in the transport direction after the sources 2 for generating electron beams.
- the sources 2 for generating electron beams, the at least one drive of the transport rollers 3 and the device 4 for suctioning off waste products 5 are connected to a control device 6.
- a source 2 for generating electron beams in the form of an electron curtain is a known triode system with a cathode, a control electrode and an anode in the form of a Wehnelt cylinder.
- the cathode and the anode are connected to a high voltage source with a voltage of, for example, equal to or greater than 60 kV to less than or equal to 300 kV.
- the Fig. 2 shows a device for removing and / or damaging the size of fibers and / or filaments of structures 1 for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material in a basic front view.
- a plurality of sources 2 for generating electron beams are arranged below and above the structure 1 across the width of the structure 1.
- the electron beams from the sources 2 for generating electron beams thus reach the opposite surfaces of the structure 1.
- the sources 2 for generating electron beams and at least the exposed surfaces of the structure 1 can be located in a chamber with a vacuum or a protective gas.
- the chamber can advantageously have an entrance and an exit for the structure 1, so that it can be transported continuously through the chamber.
- the structure 1 can be a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven fabric, a yarn sheet and / or a filament sheet.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft Verfahren und Einrichtungen zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte auf und/oder von Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden oder räumlichen textilen Gebilden zur besseren Haftung bei der Verstärkung eines Verbundwerkstoffs. Die Verfahren und Einrichtungen zeichnen sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass Verbundwerkstoffe mit einer festen Verbindung zwischen Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden oder räumlichen textilen Gebilden zur Verstärkung des Verbundwerkstoffs und einer Matrix des Verbundwerkstoffes bereitstellbar sind. Dazu wird das flächenförmige textile Gebilde oder räumliche textile Gebilde mit beschleunigten Elektronen wenigstens einer Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen als Bandstrahler zur Erzeugung eines Elektronenvorhanges beaufschlagt. Dazu ist wenigstens eine Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen als Bandstrahler zur Erzeugung eines Elektronenvorhanges beabstandet zu dem flächenförmigen textilen Gebilde oder räumlichen textilen Gebilde so angeordnet, dass beschleunigte Elektronen von der Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen auf die Oberfläche des flächenförmigen textilen Gebildes oder räumlichen textilen Gebildes gelangen.The invention relates to methods and devices for removing and / or damaging size on and / or fibers and / or filaments from flat textile structures or spatial textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material. The methods and devices are characterized in particular by the fact that composite materials with a firm connection between fibers and / or filaments of sheet-like textile structures or spatial textile structures can be provided to reinforce the composite material and a matrix of the composite material. For this purpose, the flat textile structure or spatial textile structure is subjected to accelerated electrons from at least one source for generating electron beams as a band emitter for producing an electron curtain. For this purpose, at least one source for generating electron beams is arranged at a distance from the sheet-like textile structure or spatial textile structure as a band emitter for generating an electron curtain such that accelerated electrons reach the surface of the flat textile structure or spatial textile structure from the source for generating electron beams .
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Verfahren und Einrichtungen zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte auf und/oder von Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden oder räumlichen textilen Gebilden zur besseren Haftung bei der Verstärkung eines Verbundwerkstoffs.The invention relates to methods and devices for removing and / or damaging size on and / or fibers and / or filaments from flat textile structures or spatial textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material.
Bei der Herstellung von Faserverbundwerkstoffen werden als Verstärkungsfasern verschiedene hochfeste Materialien wie Glas, Carbon oder Basalt verwendet. Um aus diesen zwar hochfesten aber leicht brüchigen Fasern/Filamenten ein textiles Flächengebilde wie Vliesstoff, Gewebe oder Gelege herzustellen, werden die Fasern/Filamente mit einer Schlichte/Avivage überzogen. Die Schlichte hat eine ölige oder silikonartige Konsistenz und legt sich wie ein Mantel um die Fasern/Filamente herum. Dadurch wird das Bruchverhalten der Fasern/Filamente herabgesetzt. Es ermöglicht das Biegen der Fasern/Filamenten in kleineren Radien und das Gleiten mit geringerer Reibung untereinander. Bei der Verarbeitung dieser textilen Flächengebilde zu Faserverbundwerkstoffen mit thermoplastischer oder duroplastischer Matrix können Schlichte, Beläge oder Verunreinigungen auf den Fasern und/oder Filamenten zu Störungen bei der Haftung mit der Matrix führen. Eine feste Verbundausbildung ist dann fehlerhaft oder nicht vorhanden. Schlichte, Beläge oder Verunreinigungen müssen zum Zwecke der fehlerfreien Verbundausbildung entfernt werden. Bisher werden die Schlichten, Beläge und Verunreinigungen von textilen Flächengebilden aus hitzebeständigen Faserstoffen thermisch, also in einem Ofen, energieaufwändig entfernt. Die Temperaturen werden so hoch gewählt, dass die Schlichten verdampfen oder verbrennen. Die Fasern/Filamente liegen dann in einem unbeschichteten Zustand vor, so dass eine störungsfreie, feste Haftung zwischen Fasern/Filamenten und Matrix gewährleistet werden kann. Weiterhin bestehen die textilen Flächengebilde nicht in jedem Fall aus hitzebeständigen Faserstoffen, so dass Beläge oder Verunreinigungen auf den Fasern/Filamenten nicht thermisch und ohne Schädigung der Fasern/Filamente entfernt werden können.Various high-strength materials such as glass, carbon or basalt are used as reinforcing fibers in the manufacture of fiber composite materials. In order to use these high-strength but slightly brittle fibers / filaments to produce a textile fabric such as nonwoven, fabric or scrim, the fibers / filaments are coated with a size / finishing agent. The size has an oily or silicone-like consistency and wraps around the fibers / filaments like a coat. This reduces the breaking behavior of the fibers / filaments. It enables the fibers / filaments to be bent in smaller radii and to slide with less friction with one another. When these textile fabrics are processed into fiber composite materials with a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix, sizes, deposits or impurities on the fibers and / or filaments can lead to problems with the adhesion with the matrix. A firm network training is then defective or not available. Sizes, coverings or contaminants must be removed for the purpose of the flawless formation of the bond. So far, the sizes, deposits and contaminations of textile fabrics made of heat-resistant fiber materials have been removed thermally, that is to say in an oven, in an energy-intensive manner. The temperatures are chosen so high that the coatings evaporate or burn. The fibers / filaments are then in an uncoated state, so that trouble-free, firm adhesion between the fibers / filaments and the matrix can be ensured. Furthermore, the textile fabrics do not always consist of heat-resistant fiber materials, so that deposits or impurities on the fibers / filaments are not thermal and without damage to the fibers / filaments can be removed.
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Der in den Patentansprüchen 1, 3 und 11 angegebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Verbundwerkstoffe mit einer festen Verbindung zwischen Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden oder räumlichen textilen Gebilden zur Verstärkung des Verbundwerkstoffs und einer Matrix des Verbundwerkstoffes bereitzustellen.The invention specified in
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den im Patentanspruch 1, 3 und 11 aufgeführten Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved with the features listed in
Die Verfahren und Einrichtungen zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte auf und/oder von Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden oder räumlichen textilen Gebilden zur besseren Haftung bei der Verstärkung eines Verbundwerkstoffs zeichnen sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass Verbundwerkstoffe mit einer festen Verbindung zwischen Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden oder räumlichen textilen Gebilden zur Verstärkung des Verbundwerkstoffs und einer Matrix des Verbundwerkstoffes bereitstellbar sind.The methods and devices for removing and / or damaging size on and / or fibers and / or filaments from sheet-like textile structures or spatial textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material are distinguished in particular by the fact that composite materials with a firm connection between fibers and / or filaments of sheet-like textile structures or spatial textile structures to reinforce the composite material and a matrix of the composite material can be provided.
Dazu wird das flächenförmige textile Gebilde oder räumliche textile Gebilde mit beschleunigten Elektronen wenigstens einer Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen als Bandstrahler zur Erzeugung eines Elektronenvorhanges beaufschlagt.For this purpose, the flat textile structure or spatial textile structure is subjected to accelerated electrons from at least one source for generating electron beams as a band emitter for producing an electron curtain.
Dazu ist wenigstens eine Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen als Bandstrahler zur Erzeugung eines Elektronenvorhanges beabstandet zu dem flächenförmigen textilen Gebilde oder räumlichen textilen Gebilde so angeordnet, dass beschleunigte Elektronen von der Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen auf die Oberfläche des flächenförmigen textilen Gebildes oder räumlichen textilen Gebildes gelangen.For this purpose, at least one source for generating electron beams is arranged at a distance from the sheet-like textile structure or spatial textile structure as a band emitter for generating an electron curtain such that accelerated electrons reach the surface of the flat textile structure or spatial textile structure from the source for generating electron beams .
Das verwendete Elektronenstrahlverfahren wirkt mittels beschleunigter Elektronen nach dem Prinzip der Braunschen Röhre. Durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung zwischen Kathode und Anode werden die Elektronen in Richtung Austrittsfenster beschleunigt, treten durch das Austrittsfenster und gelangen auf die Oberfläche von Fasern und/oder Filamenten des jeweiligen Gebildes. Beim Kontakt der Elektronen mit den Fasern und/oder Filamenten setzen diese nahezu ihre komplette kinetische Energie durch Stoßprozesse in Wärme um. In Abhängigkeit der Beschleunigungsspannung und/oder der Energie der beschleunigten Elektronen sowie den Schlichteeigenschaften und/oder Fasereigenschaften und/oder Filamenteigenschaften dringen die Elektronen bis in eine gewisse Tiefe ein. Anhaftende Beläge oder Schlichten werden damit entfernt und/oder geschädigt. Über die Variation der Beschleunigungsintensität kann die Eindringtiefe der Elektronen gesteuert werden, so dass auch Beläge oder Schlichten von Fasern und/oder Filamenten im Inneren des jeweiligen Gebildes entfernbar sind.The electron beam process used works by means of accelerated electrons based on the principle of the Braun tube. By applying an electrical voltage between the cathode and anode, the electrons are accelerated in the direction of the exit window, pass through the exit window and reach the surface of fibers and / or filaments of the respective structure. When the electrons come into contact with the fibers and / or filaments, they convert almost all of their kinetic energy into heat through collision processes. Depending on the acceleration voltage and / or the energy of the accelerated electrons as well as the sizing properties and / or fiber properties and / or filament properties, the electrons penetrate to a certain depth. Adhesive deposits or finishes are removed and / or damaged. The penetration depth of the electrons can be controlled via the variation of the acceleration intensity, so that deposits or sizes of fibers and / or filaments in the interior of the respective structure can also be removed.
Die Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen ist ein Bandstrahler mit einem sehr dünnen Elektronenaustrittsfenster, so dass eine flächige und kontinuierliche Behandlung des jeweiligen Gebildes gegeben ist. Es können auch mehrere Strahler angeordnet sein, um größere Breiten und/oder mehrere Seiten des Gebildes beaufschlagen zu können.The source for the generation of electron beams is a band emitter with a very thin electron exit window, so that a flat and continuous treatment of the respective structure is given. A plurality of radiators can also be arranged in order to be able to act on larger widths and / or more sides of the structure.
Ein besonderer Vorteil bei der Verwendung von Elektronenstrahlen zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte auf Fasern und/oder Filamenten besteht im niedrigen Energieeinsatz gegenüber bekannten Wärmeverfahren zum Verbrennen von Schlichte, wie beispielsweise mittels Pyrolyseöfen. Je nach Größe des Ofens kann die Leistung 50 kW bis 100 kW betragen. Die Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen kann dagegen ein Zehntel der Leistung eines Ofens benötigen. Die thermische Behandlung im Ofen ist weiterhin ein diskontinuierlicher Prozess. Nach jedem Bestücken und Öffnen des Ofens muss dieser aufgeheizt oder nachgeheizt werden. Die Verwendung einer Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen führt dagegen zu einem kontinuierlichen Ablauf. Das Gebilde kann kontinuierlich an der Quelle vorbeigeführt werden, so dass Elektronenstrahlen und damit Elektronen kontinuierlich auf die bewegte Oberfläche des Gebildes gelangen.A particular advantage when using electron beams to remove and / or damage sizing on fibers and / or filaments is the low use of energy compared to known heat processes for burning sizing, such as by means of pyrolysis furnaces. Depending on the size of the furnace, the output can be 50 kW to 100 kW. The source for generating electron beams, on the other hand, can require one tenth the power of an oven. The thermal treatment in the furnace is still a discontinuous process. Each time the furnace is loaded and opened, it must be heated up or reheated. In contrast, the use of a source for generating electron beams leads to a continuous process. The structure can continuously at the source are guided past so that electron beams and thus electrons continuously reach the moving surface of the structure.
Das Elektronenstrahlverfahren verursacht durch die auf die direkte Behandlungszone begrenzte Wärmeentwicklung gleichmäßigere Emissionen an gasförmigen Abprodukten der Schlichten, die während der Bewegung des Gebildes kontinuierlich abgesaugt und gefiltert werden können.Due to the heat development limited to the direct treatment zone, the electron beam process causes more uniform emissions of gaseous waste products from the sizes, which can be continuously extracted and filtered during the movement of the structure.
Die Verwendung des Elektronenstrahlverfahrens gewährleistet eine gegenüber des Einsatzes eines Ofens einfachere, ökonomisch günstigere und umweltfreundlichere Handhabung der Entfernung und/oder Schädigung von Schlichten auf Fasern und/oder Filamenten von textilen Gebilden. Zudem ist es möglich, die Eindringtiefe und Elektronendichte pro Behandlungsfläche zu steuern und damit in Abhängigkeit individueller Materialeigenschaften eine optimale Behandlung zu erzielen.The use of the electron beam method ensures that the removal and / or damage of sizes on fibers and / or filaments of textile structures is easier, economically more economical and more environmentally friendly than using a furnace. It is also possible to control the penetration depth and electron density per treatment area and thus achieve an optimal treatment depending on individual material properties.
Das Gebilde als flächenförmiges textiles Gebilde oder räumliches textiles Gebilde kann insbesondere ein Gewebe, ein Gelege, ein Vliesstoff, eine Garnschar und/oder eine Filamentschar sein.The structure as a flat textile structure or spatial textile structure can in particular be a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven fabric, a yarn sheet and / or a filament sheet.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Patentansprüchen 2 und 4 bis 9 angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in
Das Gebilde wird nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 2 an zwei beabstandet zueinander angeordneten Quellen zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen vorbeigeführt, so dass die Elektronenstrahlen der Quellen zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen auf zwei sich gegenüberliegende Oberflächen des Gebildes gelangen.According to the further development of
Zwei Quellen zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen sind nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 4 beabstandet zueinander angeordnet. Das Gebilde ist oder wird weiterhin zwischen den Quellen so geführt und/oder transportiert, dass die Elektronenstrahlen der Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen auf zwei sich gegenüberliegende Oberfläche des Gebildes gelangen.According to the development of
Das Gebilde befindet oder befinden sich nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 5 auf und/oder an mindestens einer angetriebenen Transportvorrichtung.According to the development of
Die Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen und der Antrieb der Transportvorrichtung sind nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 6 mit einer Steuereinrichtung verbunden.The source for generating electron beams and the drive of the transport device are connected to a control device according to the development of claim 6.
Der Quelle oder den Quellen zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen ist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 7 wenigstens eine Vorrichtung zum Absaugen von Abprodukten nachgeordnet. Die Abprodukte können so leicht kontinuierlich und unmittelbar nach deren Entstehen entfernt werden.According to the development of claim 7, at least one device for extracting waste products is arranged downstream of the source or sources for generating electron beams. The waste products can easily be removed continuously and immediately after they are created.
Die Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen und wenigstens die beaufschlagte Oberfläche des Gebildes befinden sich nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 8 in einer Kammer mit einem Vakuum oder einem Schutzgas.The source for generating electron beams and at least the exposed surface of the structure are located in a chamber with a vacuum or a protective gas.
Die Quelle zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen und wenigstens die beaufschlagte Oberfläche des Gebildes befinden sich nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 9 in einer Kammer mit einem Eingang und einem Ausgang für das Gebilde, so dass dieses kontinuierlich durch die Kammer transportierbar ist.According to the development of claim 9, the source for generating electron beams and at least the exposed surface of the structure are in a chamber with an entrance and an exit for the structure, so that it can be transported continuously through the chamber.
Nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 10 ist das Gebilde ein Gewebe, ein Gelege, ein Vliesstoff, eine Garnschar und/oder eine Filamentschar.According to the development of patent claim 10, the structure is a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven fabric, a yarn sheet and / or a filament sheet.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen jeweils prinzipiell dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown in principle in the drawings and is described in more detail below.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Einrichtung zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte von Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden zur besseren Haftung bei der Verstärkung eines Verbundwerkstoffs in einer Seitenansicht und
- Fig. 2
- eine Einrichtung zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte von Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden zur besseren Haftung bei der Verstärkung eines Verbundwerkstoffs in einer Vorderansicht.
- Fig. 1
- a device for removing and / or damaging the size of fibers and / or filaments from flat textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material in a side view and
- Fig. 2
- a device for removing and / or damaging the size of fibers and / or filaments from flat textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material in a front view.
Im nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiel werden ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte von Fasern und/oder Filamenten von flächenförmigen textilen Gebilden zur besseren Haftung bei der Verstärkung eines Verbundwerkstoffs zusammen näher erläutert. Im Folgenden wird das flächenförmige textile Gebilde 1 nur als Gebilde 1 bezeichnet.In the following exemplary embodiment, a method and a device for removing and / or damaging the size of fibers and / or filaments from sheet-like textile structures for better adhesion when reinforcing a composite material are explained together. In the following, the
Eine Einrichtung zum Entfernen und/oder Schädigen von Schlichte von Fasern und/oder Filamenten von Gebilde 1 zur besseren Haftung bei Verstärkung eines Verbundwerkstoffs besteht im Wesentlichen aus wenigstens einer Quelle 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen als Bandstrahler zur Erzeugung eines Elektronenvorhanges.A device for removing and / or damaging the size of fibers and / or filaments of
Die
Über und unter des bewegten Gebildes 1 sind Quellen 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen als Bandstrahler zur Erzeugung eines Elektronenvorhanges beabstandet zu dem Gebilde 1 so angeordnet, dass beschleunigte Elektronen der Quellen 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen auf die Oberflächen des Gebildes 1 gelangen. Das Gebilde 1 befindet sich auf und/oder an mindestens einer angetriebenen Transportvorrichtung. Das können beispielsweise angetriebene Transportrollen 3 auch in Verbindung mit Trägern sein. In Transportrichtung nach den Quellen 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen ist wenigstens eine Vorrichtung 4 zum Absaugen von Abprodukten 5 nachgeordnet. Die Quellen 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen, der wenigstens eine Antrieb der Transportrollen 3 und die Vorrichtung 4 zum Absaugen von Abprodukten 5 sind mit einer Steuereinrichtung 6 verbunden.Above and below the moving
Eine Quelle 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen in Form eines Elektronenvorhanges ist ein bekanntes Triodensystem mit einer Kathode, einer Steuerelektrode und einer Anode in Form eines Wehnelt-Zylinders. Die Kathode und die Anode sind mit einer Hochspannungsquelle mit einer Spannung beispielsweise von gleich/größer 60 kV bis kleiner/gleich 300 kV verbunden.A
Die
Wenigstens oder teilweise sind über die Breite des Gebildes 1 jeweils mehrere Quellen 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen unterhalb und oberhalb des Gebildes 1 angeordnet. Die Elektronenstrahlen der Quellen 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen gelangen so auf die sich gegenüberliegenden Oberflächen des Gebildes 1.At least or in part, a plurality of
Die Quellen 2 zur Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahlen und wenigstens die beaufschlagten Oberflächen des Gebildes 1 können sich in einer Kammer mit einem Vakuum oder einem Schutzgas befinden. Die Kammer kann dazu vorteilhafterweise einen Eingang und einen Ausgang für das Gebilde 1 aufweisen, so dass dieses kontinuierlich durch die Kammer transportierbar ist.The
Das Gebilde 1 kann ein Gewebe, ein Gelege, ein Vliesstoff, eine Garnschar und/oder eine Filamentschar sein.The
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019000251.2A DE102019000251A1 (en) | 2019-01-12 | 2019-01-12 | Method and device for removing and / or damaging size on and / or fibers and / or filaments |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3680386A1 true EP3680386A1 (en) | 2020-07-15 |
EP3680386B1 EP3680386B1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
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ID=69375308
Family Applications (1)
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EP20400001.2A Active EP3680386B1 (en) | 2019-01-12 | 2020-01-10 | Method and device for removing and / or damaging coating on fibres and / or filaments |
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EP (1) | EP3680386B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019000251A1 (en) |
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DE202022002307U1 (en) | 2022-01-23 | 2022-11-16 | Evonta-Technology Gmbh | Semi-finished product with fibers in an unhardened plastic matrix, component or workpiece made from the semi-finished product and device for impinging fibers with electron beams from at least one electron surface emitter |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3000582A1 (en) | 1980-01-07 | 1981-07-09 | Energy Sciences, Inc., Woburn, Mass. | Durable flame retardant treatment of fabrics - by grafting with unsatd. phosphorus or halogen cpds. using electron beam irradiation |
DE3132405A1 (en) | 1981-08-17 | 1983-03-03 | Forschungsinstitut für Textiltechnologie, DDR 9010 Karl-Marx-Stadt | Process and apparatus for consolidating the edge of sheet-like structures |
RU2064024C1 (en) | 1993-08-30 | 1996-07-20 | Центральный научно-исследовательский институт хлопчатобумажной промышленности | Method for desizing of cellulose-containing textile material |
DE19546187C2 (en) | 1995-12-11 | 1999-04-15 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process and device for plasma-assisted surface treatment |
US20170226689A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2017-08-10 | Xyleco, Inc. | Textiles and methods and systems for producing textiles |
CN207259839U (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-04-20 | 安徽职业技术学院 | Microwave plasma aids in dacron desizing device |
-
2019
- 2019-01-12 DE DE102019000251.2A patent/DE102019000251A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-01-10 EP EP20400001.2A patent/EP3680386B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3000582A1 (en) | 1980-01-07 | 1981-07-09 | Energy Sciences, Inc., Woburn, Mass. | Durable flame retardant treatment of fabrics - by grafting with unsatd. phosphorus or halogen cpds. using electron beam irradiation |
DE3132405A1 (en) | 1981-08-17 | 1983-03-03 | Forschungsinstitut für Textiltechnologie, DDR 9010 Karl-Marx-Stadt | Process and apparatus for consolidating the edge of sheet-like structures |
RU2064024C1 (en) | 1993-08-30 | 1996-07-20 | Центральный научно-исследовательский институт хлопчатобумажной промышленности | Method for desizing of cellulose-containing textile material |
DE19546187C2 (en) | 1995-12-11 | 1999-04-15 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process and device for plasma-assisted surface treatment |
US20170226689A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2017-08-10 | Xyleco, Inc. | Textiles and methods and systems for producing textiles |
CN207259839U (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-04-20 | 安徽职业技术学院 | Microwave plasma aids in dacron desizing device |
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EP3680386B1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
DE102019000251A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
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