EP3674168B1 - Self-locking device for moving a step of a transport vehicle, step and vehicle equipped in this way - Google Patents

Self-locking device for moving a step of a transport vehicle, step and vehicle equipped in this way Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3674168B1
EP3674168B1 EP19215473.0A EP19215473A EP3674168B1 EP 3674168 B1 EP3674168 B1 EP 3674168B1 EP 19215473 A EP19215473 A EP 19215473A EP 3674168 B1 EP3674168 B1 EP 3674168B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connecting rod
transmission assembly
motor
deformable means
movable member
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EP19215473.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3674168A1 (en
Inventor
Romain Dubreuil
Christophe Proust
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Faiveley Transport Tours SAS
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Faiveley Transport Tours SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D23/00—Construction of steps for railway vehicles
    • B61D23/02—Folding steps for railway vehicles, e.g. hand or mechanically actuated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a self-locking drive device for a step belonging to a transport vehicle, a step equipped with such a drive device, as well as a transport vehicle comprising at least one such step.
  • the present invention finds its application in transport vehicles, in particular of the train, tram, metro, trolleybus or even bus type. It is aimed more specifically, but not exclusively, at trains, in particular regional trains.
  • a step allows, in the lowered position of the step which equips it, to have a support located at an intermediate height between the platform and the threshold of the access opening to the vehicle.
  • Such a step also finds its utility, in the case where the platform is located at a significant distance from the access opening, in the horizontal direction.
  • the invention relates more particularly to running boards, of the folding type, in particular of the rotary type.
  • the step fitted to this step is movable between two positions, namely a position of use in which it extends horizontally, in order to allow passengers to climb up, as well as a folded position in which it is retracted at the vicinity of the cash register. In its retracted position, the step does not protrude beyond the vehicle's clearance when the latter moves.
  • Such a folding step is equipped with a drive device, allowing movement of the step between the aforementioned functional positions.
  • a drive device of the conventional type is known, corresponding to the following Internet link: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophérique_AM08.
  • this drive device 201 comprises a rotary motor 210, a crank pin 220 mounted on the axis of this motor, a connecting rod 230 which is moved by the crank pin, as well connection 280 moved by this connecting rod.
  • This connecting assembly then directly actuates the step, so as to move it.
  • Such a drive device includes a function for locking the step 300, in its retracted position.
  • the axis of articulation of the connecting rod on the crankpin is located, for example, above the right, connecting the axis of the motor and the axis of the connecting rod on the connecting assembly.
  • the connecting rod is then moved, so that its axis is then located below the aforementioned straight line, while the step is slightly moved downwards. Under these conditions, there is an arching of the connecting rod, which leads to a locking of the march. Under these conditions, it is impossible to move this step, except to actuate the drive device again.
  • an objective of the present invention is to remedy, at least partially, the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above, in particular to provide a compact step.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a device for driving a self-locking step, which allows reliable locking of the step of this step, while guaranteeing that this step does not protrude outside the overall outline of the vehicle. .
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a self-locking drive device, which has a structure that is globally similar to that used in the state of the art, so that it does not involve any significant additional cost.
  • the invention provides, thanks to the use of elastically deformable means fitted to the transmission assembly, that the step can be locked reliably, in its extreme high position. Consequently, this step does not protrude outside the overall outline of the vehicle, while guaranteeing satisfactory safety.
  • the invention makes it possible to overcome the prior angular overtravel of the step, implied by the prior art.
  • this overtravel comes from the fact that it is necessary, in known running boards, to first access an intermediate position, namely an unlocked extreme high position of the step, before slightly lowering this last to its locked position.
  • the invention allows direct access to a locked extreme high position, thanks to the use of deformable means, without having to adopt an intermediate position.
  • the invention makes it possible to remedy the drawbacks explained above, while retaining the same functionalities as in the prior art.
  • the drive device according to the invention incorporates a majority of mechanical elements, which are similar to those used in the prior art.
  • the invention also relates to a step for a transport vehicle, according to the appended claim 14.
  • the invention also relates to a transport vehicle, according to the appended claim 15.
  • the step according to the invention essentially comprises a folding step, designated as a whole by the reference 100, as well as a self-locking drive device for this step, which is designated as a whole by the reference 1. Furthermore this step comprises a box 2, intended to receive most of the components of the drive device, as will be detailed below. It will be noted that, on the figures 1 and 2 , the drive device is largely hidden.
  • the upper surface 101 of the step defines a support surface, allowing a user to place his foot.
  • the inner edge 102 of the step is articulated on the body of a transport vehicle, which is not shown in the figures 1 and 2 .
  • this edge 102 is mounted on bearings 150, integral respectively with the body and the aforementioned box 2.
  • the step 100 can be made in the form of a hollow body, the interior volume of which allows the reception of the end of an actuating lever, belonging to the drive device which will be described in more detail below.
  • the step is fitted with a spar 104, received in the hollow body, which is fitted with rollers 106 at its two ends. These rollers pivot in stays 152, articulated on uprights 154 integral with the body.
  • the mechanical elements described in the two paragraphs above, are of a type known per se so that they will not be explained in more detail. They can be replaced by mechanical elements of different structures but of similar functions, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the drive device 1 essentially comprises a motor 10, a crank pin 20, a connecting rod 30 equipped with elastic means, as well as a connecting assembly 80.
  • the motor 10, of a type known in itself, is a rotary motor mounted on the chassis by any suitable fixing means.
  • We note 12 its output shaft, as well as A10 its geometric axis of rotation.
  • the crank pin 20, also of the conventional type, is secured to the motor output shaft by any suitable means.
  • the connecting assembly 80 firstly comprises a connecting rod 82, articulated on the connecting rod 30.
  • a shaft 84 is also provided, the main axis A84 of which extends parallel to that of the engine.
  • the link 82 and the shaft 84 are mutually integral, so that they do not have any degree of mutual freedom.
  • any suitable conventional means will be used, for example a key 85 as in the example illustrated.
  • the link assembly 80 is further equipped with a lever 86, mounted on the shaft 84. These two parts are mutually integral, ie they do not have any mutual degree of freedom.
  • a clamping ring 88 is used.
  • the free end of the lever 86, opposite the shaft, is provided with rollers 89 received in the hollow body of the step. In a manner known per se, these rollers 89 are able to bear respectively against the walls of this hollow body, so as to induce the movement of the step respectively upwards and downwards.
  • This connecting rod which constitutes an essential element of the invention, will now be detailed.
  • This connecting rod comprises a body 40, as well as a movable member 60 capable of moving relative to the body along the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod.
  • the body 40 firstly comprises a base 42, articulated on the crankpin around an axis denoted A40.
  • This base is fixed to the crankpin, by any appropriate means, in particular using a radial ball joint. Opposite its articulation on the crankpin, this base forms a clearance 44 for the movable member.
  • a stud 46 projecting axially relative to the seat, defines a bearing surface for elastic means which will be explained below.
  • the base 42 is extended, opposite its articulation, by a peripheral shaft 48, threaded at its end. The latter receives a cover 50, forming a nut, which is screwed onto the barrel 48 by being dug with a central opening 52.
  • the movable member 60 firstly comprises a piston 62, extending through the aforementioned opening 52.
  • This piston 62 is articulated on the connecting rod 82, around an axis denoted A60.
  • This movable member is fixed to the connecting rod by any appropriate means, creating a pivot connection.
  • the two axes of articulation of the connecting rod, respectively A40 and A60, are mutually parallel while also being parallel to the geometric axis of the engine A10.
  • the piston 62 is extended, opposite its axis of articulation, by a neck 64.
  • This piston and this neck define a peripheral shoulder 66, intended to bear against the cover 50.
  • the free end 68 of the neck 64 is able to move axially towards the recess 44 of the base.
  • Note 70 the housing, delimited by the inner walls of the neck 66.
  • This housing 70 allows the reception of deformable means, in accordance with the invention.
  • deformable means 72 are interposed between the stud 46 and the bottom 71 of the housing 70.
  • these deformable means consist of a stack of spring washers, of a type known per se.
  • those skilled in the art may use other types of elastic means.
  • the rod tends to push the movable member in the direction of the body, so that the free end 68 of the neck is moved in translation towards the clearance 44.
  • the length L2 of the connecting rod is reduced compared to its nominal length above.
  • the difference between L2 and L1, when L2 corresponds to the minimum travel of the movable member relative to the body, is typically of the order of a few millimeters.
  • the footboard further comprises a cam, designated as a whole by the reference 90, which is mounted on the shaft 12 of the motor.
  • this cam 90 is by nature asymmetrical so that it delimits a bulging portion 91, as well as a thinned portion 92.
  • this cam comprises a so-called active surface 93 formed by a portion of cylinder whose axis coincides with that A10 of the motor.
  • This surface 93 which delimits the bulging portion 91, is bordered by two lines 94 and 95, from which extend various flats, delimiting the thinned portion 92.
  • the active surface 93 performs a blocking function with respect to the transmission assembly.
  • the shaft 84 supports a blocking rod 98, intended to cooperate with the blocking surface 93 mentioned above.
  • This rod 98 and the shaft 84 are mutually integral by embedding, so that they do not have any mutual degree of freedom.
  • the free end of the rod, opposite the shaft, receives a roller 99 intended to roll against the aforementioned blocking surface 93.
  • the box 2 has a substantially parallelepipedal shape. Note 3 and 4 its opposite walls, respectively upper and lower, as well as 5 and 6 its opposite side walls. Also note 7 its so-called outer front wall, with reference to the passenger compartment of the vehicle, as well as 8 its so-called inner front wall.
  • the side wall 5 is hollowed out with a notch 9, through which the shaft 84 extends.
  • the outer wall 7 of the box does not protrude, relative to the step in its raised position. This is advantageous in terms of compactness, because this box is not outside the overall size of the vehicle.
  • this template is illustrated by a vertical line G made in dot-and-dash lines.
  • the step 100 is in its lowered position, namely that it allows support for the user.
  • the axis A40 of articulation of the body 40 is located opposite the axis A84, with respect to the axis A10 of the motor. If it is now desired to raise the gear, it is a question of actuating the motor in a first direction, so that the crankpin is rotated according to the arrow f1 illustrated on the figures 11 and 12 . This then causes the corresponding movement of the connecting rod 82, which in turn induces the pivoting of the link assembly. The rollers of the lever 86 then bear against the upper wall of the hollow body constituting the step so as to raise the latter, as shown by the arrow F100 on the figures 10 to 12 .
  • Axis A40 then aligns itself with line D, as shown in this same figure 14 . Then, if the rotation of the motor is continued, this axis A40 passes below this same straight line, as shown in the figure 15 . There is then bracing of the connecting rod 30, assisted by the spring washers 72 working in compression. In this configuration, the surface 93 of the cam 90 comes into abutment against the roller 99 of the rod 98, as shown in the figure 16 . Consequently the rod 98 is immobilized, which is materialized by the crossed-out arrow F98, which also ensures the overall immobilization of the drive assembly.
  • the step is then locked, namely that the connecting rod 30 cannot enter into rotation under the effect of an external action, in particular under the effect of a force exerted on the step and directed downwards, except at operate the motor in the opposite direction to that described above.
  • the deformation of the spring washers 72 allows passage between the unlocked intermediate position, illustrated in figure 13 , and the locked position of the figure 15 . Between these two positions, part of the transmission assembly, namely the crankpin 20 and the connecting rod 30, is mobile while the connecting assembly 80 is substantially stationary.
  • the locking cam 90 has specific advantages. Indeed, it confers satisfactory stability on the transmission assembly, in the locked position of the latter.
  • this cam allows the locked position not to be dependent on the elasticity of the link 30 since the cam is in direct contact, via the roller 99, with the link 82 actuating the step 100. Consequently, the invention makes it possible to overcome precisely any untimely movement of the step, from its extreme high position.
  • the figures 22 and 23 illustrate the operation of the connecting rod 230 of the state of the art.
  • this known connecting rod 230 is rigid, ie its length is substantially invariant.
  • step 300 can reach its extreme high position only when the axis of articulation of the connecting rod on the crankpin, denoted A240, is located on the line D.
  • this connecting rod is not stably locked. Consequently, if it is desired that this connecting rod adopts a locking position, it is necessary to continue to actuate the motor, so that the aforementioned axis A240 is located below the line D.
  • the step 300 has undergone a downward tilt relative to its extreme high position, according to the arrow F"300, so that it necessarily projects outside the overall size of the vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'entraînement autoverrouillant pour un marchepied appartenant à un véhicule de transport, un marchepied équipé d'un tel dispositif d'entraînement, ainsi qu'un véhicule de transport comprenant au moins un tel marchepied. La présente invention trouve son application à des véhicules de transport, notamment de type train, tramway, métro, trolleybus ou encore bus. Elle vise plus spécifiquement, mais non exclusivement, les trains, en particulier les trains régionaux.The present invention relates to a self-locking drive device for a step belonging to a transport vehicle, a step equipped with such a drive device, as well as a transport vehicle comprising at least one such step. The present invention finds its application in transport vehicles, in particular of the train, tram, metro, trolleybus or even bus type. It is aimed more specifically, but not exclusively, at trains, in particular regional trains.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

De manière classique certains véhicules de transport sont équipés de marchepieds, visant à faciliter l'accès des voyageurs. En effet les quais, destinés à l'arrêt des véhicules ainsi qu'à la montée et à la descente des voyageurs, se situent souvent à des hauteurs mutuellement différentes, lesquelles sont inférieures à celles des planchers des véhicules. Par conséquent un marchepied permet, dans la position abaissée de la marche qui l'équipe, de disposer d'un appui situé à une hauteur intermédiaire entre le quai et le seuil de l'ouverture d'accès au véhicule. Un tel marchepied trouve également son utilité, dans le cas où le quai est situé à une distance significative de l'ouverture d'accès, selon la direction horizontale.Conventionally, some transport vehicles are equipped with running boards, aimed at facilitating passenger access. Indeed the platforms, intended for the stopping of the vehicles as well as the rise and the descent of the travelers, are often located at mutually different heights, which are lower than those of the floors of the vehicles. Therefore a step allows, in the lowered position of the step which equips it, to have a support located at an intermediate height between the platform and the threshold of the access opening to the vehicle. Such a step also finds its utility, in the case where the platform is located at a significant distance from the access opening, in the horizontal direction.

L'invention vise plus particulièrement les marchepieds, de type repliable, en particulier de type rotatif. Dans cet esprit la marche équipant ce marchepied est mobile entre deux positions, à savoir une position d'utilisation dans laquelle elle s'étend de manière horizontale, afin de permettre la montée des voyageurs, ainsi qu'une position repliée dans laquelle est escamotée au voisinage de la caisse. Dans sa position escamotée, la marche ne fait pas saillie hors du gabarit du véhicule lors du déplacement de ce dernier. Un tel marchepied repliable est équipé d'un dispositif d'entraînement, permettant le déplacement de la marche entre les positions fonctionnelles précitées.The invention relates more particularly to running boards, of the folding type, in particular of the rotary type. In this spirit, the step fitted to this step is movable between two positions, namely a position of use in which it extends horizontally, in order to allow passengers to climb up, as well as a folded position in which it is retracted at the vicinity of the cash register. In its retracted position, the step does not protrude beyond the vehicle's clearance when the latter moves. Such a folding step is equipped with a drive device, allowing movement of the step between the aforementioned functional positions.

On connaît un dispositif d'entraînement de type classique, correspondant au lien Internet suivant : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotrice_AM08. Comme illustré sur la figure 21 annexée, ce dispositif d'entraînement 201 comprend un moteur rotatif 210, un maneton 220 monté sur l'axe de ce moteur, une bielle 230 qui est déplacée par le maneton, ainsi liaison 280 mû par cette bielle. Cet ensemble de liaison actionne alors directement la marche, de manière à la déplacer.A drive device of the conventional type is known, corresponding to the following Internet link: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophérique_AM08. As illustrated on the figure 21 appended, this drive device 201 comprises a rotary motor 210, a crank pin 220 mounted on the axis of this motor, a connecting rod 230 which is moved by the crank pin, as well connection 280 moved by this connecting rod. This connecting assembly then directly actuates the step, so as to move it.

Un tel dispositif d'entraînement inclut une fonction de verrouillage de la marche 300, dans sa position escamotée. À cet effet, lors de la phase de déplacement de la marche vers le haut, l'axe d'articulation de la bielle sur le maneton se situe par exemple au-dessus de la droite, reliant l'axe du moteur et l'axe d'articulation de la bielle sur l'ensemble de liaison. Lorsque ces trois axes sont alignés, la course axiale de la bielle est maximale et la marche se trouve dans sa position extrême haute. On prévoit alors de déplacer encore la bielle, de sorte que son axe se situe alors au-dessous de la droite précitée, alors que la marche est légèrement déplacée vers le bas. Dans ces conditions, il se produit un arc-boutement de la bielle, qui conduit à un verrouillage de la marche. Dans ces conditions, il est impossible de déplacer cette marche, sauf à actionner à nouveau le dispositif d'entraînement.Such a drive device includes a function for locking the step 300, in its retracted position. For this purpose, during the movement phase of the upward gear, the axis of articulation of the connecting rod on the crankpin is located, for example, above the right, connecting the axis of the motor and the axis of the connecting rod on the connecting assembly. When these three axes are aligned, the axial travel of the connecting rod is maximum and the step is in its extreme high position. Provision is then made to further move the connecting rod, so that its axis is then located below the aforementioned straight line, while the step is slightly moved downwards. Under these conditions, there is an arching of the connecting rod, which leads to a locking of the march. Under these conditions, it is impossible to move this step, except to actuate the drive device again.

Cette solution connue présente cependant certains inconvénients. En effet, dans sa position verrouillée, la marche du marchepied fait saillie, en dehors du gabarit du véhicule. En d'autres termes le volume utile du véhicule, permettant notamment d'accueillir les passagers, se trouverait réduit de manière intempestive si, pour éviter cette saillie, la marche était repliée jusqu'à une position relevée qui l'éloignerait du gabarit.However, this known solution has certain drawbacks. Indeed, in its locked position, the step of the running board protrudes, outside the size of the vehicle. In other words, the useful volume of the vehicle, allowing in particular to accommodate passengers, would be reduced inadvertently if, to avoid this projection, the step were folded up to a raised position which would move it away from the template.

On connaît par ailleurs, de DE 34 09 257 , un système permettant de détecter la présence éventuelle de voyageurs, sur un marchepied. Dans le cas où une telle présence est identifiée, la mise en œuvre de ce marchepied est momentanément interdite. Ce document ne décrit cependant pas un dispositif d'entraînement auto verrouillant pour un marchepied, en particulier faisant intervenir un arc-boutement de son ensemble de transmission.Furthermore, we know from DE 34 09 257 , a system for detecting the possible presence of passengers on a step. In the event that such a presence is identified, the implementation of this step is temporarily prohibited. However, this document does not describe a self-locking drive device for a running board, in particular involving a bracing of its transmission assembly.

Enfin on citera le document CN 2069 54 230 U , dans lequel la chaîne cinématique intervenant dans le déploiement et le rabattement du marchepied comporte une série de bielles rigides. L'enseignement de ce document est globalement similaire à celui présenté ci-dessus, en référence à la figure 21.Finally, we will cite the document CN 2069 54 230 U , in which the kinematic chain involved in the deployment and folding down of the footboard comprises a series of rigid connecting rods. The teaching of this document is broadly similar to that presented above, with reference to the figure 21 .

Compte tenu de ce qui précède, un objectif de la présente invention est de remédier, au moins partiellement, aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur évoqués ci-dessus, notamment d'offrir un marchepied compact.In view of the foregoing, an objective of the present invention is to remedy, at least partially, the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above, in particular to provide a compact step.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif d'entraînement autoverrouillant d'un marchepied, qui autorise un verrouillage fiable de la marche de ce marchepied, tout en garantissant que cette marche ne fait pas saillie en dehors du gabarit global du véhicule.Another object of the invention is to propose a device for driving a self-locking step, which allows reliable locking of the step of this step, while guaranteeing that this step does not protrude outside the overall outline of the vehicle. .

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de proposer un tel dispositif d'entraînement autoverrouillant, qui présente une structure globalement voisine de celle utilisée dans l'état de la technique, de sorte qu'elle n'implique pas de surcoût significatif.Another object of the invention is to provide such a self-locking drive device, which has a structure that is globally similar to that used in the state of the art, so that it does not involve any significant additional cost.

Objets de l'inventionObjects of the invention

Selon l'invention, au moins un des objectifs ci-dessus est atteint au moyen d'un dispositif d'entraînement autoverrouillant selon la revendication 1 annexée.According to the invention, at least one of the above objects is achieved by means of a self-locking drive device according to appended claim 1.

On notera tout d'abord qu'il est du mérite de la Demanderesse d'avoir appréhendé l'origine des inconvénients, liés à l'utilisation des marchepieds connus tels que décrits ci-dessus. En substance la Demanderesse a identifié que, dans l'état de la technique, la marche du marchepied ne peut pas être maintenue dans sa position haute extrême, en toute sécurité. En effet, dans cette position, cette marche n'est pas verrouillée de sorte que, pour la verrouiller, il serait nécessaire de la faire basculer légèrement vers le bas, entraînant son dépassement en dehors du gabarit du véhicule.It will be noted first of all that it is to the Applicant's credit to have understood the origin of the drawbacks, linked to the use of known running boards as described above. In essence, the Applicant has identified that, in the state of the art, the step of the running board cannot be maintained in its extreme high position, in complete safety. Indeed, in this position, this step is not locked so that, to lock it, it would be necessary to tilt it slightly downwards, causing it to protrude outside the vehicle gauge.

Au contraire l'invention prévoit, grâce à l'utilisation de moyens élastiquement déformables équipant l'ensemble de transmission, que la marche peut être verrouillée de manière fiable, dans sa position extrême haute. Par conséquent, cette marche ne fait pas saillie en dehors du gabarit global du véhicule, tout en garantissant une sécurité satisfaisante.On the contrary, the invention provides, thanks to the use of elastically deformable means fitted to the transmission assembly, that the step can be locked reliably, in its extreme high position. Consequently, this step does not protrude outside the overall outline of the vehicle, while guaranteeing satisfactory safety.

L'invention permet de s'affranchir de la surcourse angulaire préalable de la marche, qu'implique l'art antérieur. Comme explicité ci-dessus cette surcourse provient du fait qu'il est nécessaire, dans les marchepieds connus, d'accéder tout d'abord à une position intermédiaire, à savoir une position extrême haute non verrouillée de la marche, avant de rabaisser légèrement cette dernière vers sa position verrouillée. Par comparaison, l'invention autorise un accès direct à une position extrême haute verrouillée, grâce à l'utilisation des moyens déformables, sans avoir à adopter une position intermédiaire.The invention makes it possible to overcome the prior angular overtravel of the step, implied by the prior art. As explained above, this overtravel comes from the fact that it is necessary, in known running boards, to first access an intermediate position, namely an unlocked extreme high position of the step, before slightly lowering this last to its locked position. By comparison, the invention allows direct access to a locked extreme high position, thanks to the use of deformable means, without having to adopt an intermediate position.

Dans cet esprit, l'invention permet de remédier aux inconvénients explicités ci-dessus, tout en conservant les mêmes fonctionnalités que dans l'art antérieur. En particulier, le dispositif d'entraînement conforme à l'invention intègre une majorité d'éléments mécaniques, qui sont analogues à ceux utilisés dans l'art antérieur.In this spirit, the invention makes it possible to remedy the drawbacks explained above, while retaining the same functionalities as in the prior art. In particular, the drive device according to the invention incorporates a majority of mechanical elements, which are similar to those used in the prior art.

Des caractéristiques avantageuses du dispositif d'entraînement, selon l'invention, font l'objet des revendications 2 à 13 annexées.Advantageous features of the drive device according to the invention are the subject of the appended claims 2 to 13.

Ces caractéristiques additionnelles peuvent être mises en œuvre avec l'objet principal ci-dessus, individuellement ou en combinaisons quelconques, techniquement compatibles.These additional characteristics can be implemented with the main object above, individually or in any technically compatible combinations.

L'invention a également pour objet un marchepied pour véhicule de transport, selon la revendication 14 annexée.The invention also relates to a step for a transport vehicle, according to the appended claim 14.

L'invention a également pour objet un véhicule de transport, selon la revendication 15 annexée.The invention also relates to a transport vehicle, according to the appended claim 15.

Description des figuresDescription of figures

L'invention va être décrite ci-après, en référence aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, dans lesquels :

  • Les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues en perspective, illustrant un marchepied équipé d'un dispositif d'entraînement autoverrouillant conforme à l'invention, dans des positions respectives d'ouverture et de fermeture de la marche appartenant à ce marchepied.
  • Les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues en perspective illustrant plus particulièrement, à plus grande échelle, le dispositif d'entraînement dans les positions respectives des figures 1 et 2.
  • La figure 5 est une vue en perspective, illustrant sous un angle différent ce dispositif d'entraînement.
  • La figure 6 est une vue en coupe axiale, illustrant à plus grande échelle une bielle appartenant à ce dispositif d'entraînement.
  • Les figures 7, 8 et 9 sont des vues en coupe, selon les lignes respectives 7-7, 8-8 et 9-9 de la figure 5, illustrant la marche dans sa position abaissée.
  • Les figures 10,11 et 12 sont des vues en coupe, analogues aux figures 7 à 9, illustrant cette marche dans une position partiellement relevée.
  • Les figures 13 et 14 sont des vues en coupe, selon la ligne 8-8, illustrant la marche dans sa position relevée, pour deux configurations successives d'une bielle compressible appartenant au dispositif de l'invention.
  • Les figures 15 et 16 sont des vues en coupe, respectivement selon la ligne 8-8 et la ligne 9-9, illustrant la marche dans sa position relevée, la bielle compressible étant dans une position verrouillée.
  • Les figures 17 et 18 sont des vues en coupe, respectivement selon la ligne 8-8 et la ligne 9-9, illustrant la phase initiale du déplacement de la bielle à partir de sa position verrouillée, la marche se trouvant toujours dans sa position relevée.
  • Les figures 19 et 20 sont des vues en coupe, respectivement selon la ligne 8-8 et la ligne 9-9, illustrant la phase suivante du déplacement de la bielle, avec la marche légèrement rabaissée.
  • La figure 21, précédemment commentée, est une vue en perspective illustrant un marchepied équipé d'un dispositif d'entraînement conforme à l'art antérieur.
  • Les figures 22 et 23 sont des vues schématiques, illustrant le fonctionnement d'une bielle sensiblement rigide équipant le marchepied selon l'art antérieur, tel qu'illustré à la figure 21.
The invention will be described below, with reference to the appended drawings, given solely by way of non-limiting examples, in which:
  • The figures 1 and 2 are perspective views illustrating a step equipped with a self-locking drive device according to the invention, in respective opening and closing positions of the step belonging to this step.
  • The figures 3 and 4 are perspective views illustrating more particularly, on a larger scale, the drive device in the respective positions of the figures 1 and 2 .
  • The figure 5 is a perspective view, illustrating this training device from a different angle.
  • The figure 6 is a view in axial section, illustrating on a larger scale a connecting rod belonging to this drive device.
  • The figures 7, 8 and 9 are cross-sectional views, along respective lines 7-7, 8-8 and 9-9 of the figure 5 , illustrating the step in its lowered position.
  • The figures 10,11 and 12 are cross-sectional views, analogous to figures 7 to 9 , illustrating this march in a partially raised position.
  • The figures 13 and 14 are sectional views, along line 8-8, illustrating the step in its raised position, for two successive configurations of a compressible connecting rod belonging to the device of the invention.
  • The figures 15 and 16 are cross-sectional views, respectively along line 8-8 and line 9-9, illustrating the step in its raised position, the compressible connecting rod being in a locked position.
  • The figures 17 and 18 are cross-sectional views, respectively along line 8-8 and line 9-9, illustrating the initial phase of the movement of the connecting rod from its locked position, the step still being in its raised position.
  • The figures 19 and 20 are sectional views, respectively along the line 8-8 and the line 9-9, illustrating the next phase of the displacement of the connecting rod, with the step slightly lowered.
  • The figure 21 , previously commented on, is a perspective view illustrating a step equipped with a drive device according to the prior art.
  • The figures 22 and 23 are schematic views, illustrating the operation of a substantially rigid connecting rod fitted to the running board according to the prior art, as illustrated in figure 21 .

Description détailléedetailed description

Le marchepied conforme à l'invention, illustré sur les figures annexées, comprend essentiellement une marche repliable, désignée dans son ensemble par la référence 100, ainsi qu'un dispositif d'entraînement autoverrouillant de cette marche, lequel est désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 1. Par ailleurs ce marchepied comprend un caisson 2, destiné à la réception de la plupart des éléments constitutifs du dispositif d'entraînement, comme cela va être détaillé ci-dessous. On notera que, sur les figures 1 et 2, le dispositif d'entraînement est en grande partie masqué.The step according to the invention, illustrated in the appended figures, essentially comprises a folding step, designated as a whole by the reference 100, as well as a self-locking drive device for this step, which is designated as a whole by the reference 1. Furthermore this step comprises a box 2, intended to receive most of the components of the drive device, as will be detailed below. It will be noted that, on the figures 1 and 2 , the drive device is largely hidden.

De manière connue en soi, comme le montre notamment la figure 1, la surface supérieure 101 de la marche définit une surface d'appui, permettant à un utilisateur de poser son pied. Par ailleurs, le bord intérieur 102 de la marche est articulé sur la caisse d'un véhicule de transport, laquelle n'est pas représentée sur les figures 1 et 2. À cet effet, ce bord 102 est monté sur des paliers 150, solidaires respectivement de la caisse et du caisson 2 précité. La marche 100 peut être réalisée sous forme d'un corps creux, dont le volume intérieur permet la réception de l'extrémité d'un levier d'actionnement, appartenant au dispositif d'entraînement qui sera décrit plus en détail dans ce qui suit.In a manner known per se, as shown in particular by the figure 1 , the upper surface 101 of the step defines a support surface, allowing a user to place his foot. Furthermore, the inner edge 102 of the step is articulated on the body of a transport vehicle, which is not shown in the figures 1 and 2 . To this end, this edge 102 is mounted on bearings 150, integral respectively with the body and the aforementioned box 2. The step 100 can be made in the form of a hollow body, the interior volume of which allows the reception of the end of an actuating lever, belonging to the drive device which will be described in more detail below.

La marche est équipée d'un longeron 104, reçu dans le corps creux, qui est équipé de galets 106 à ses deux extrémités. Ces galets tourillonnent dans des haubans 152, articulés sur des montants 154 solidaires de la caisse. Les éléments mécaniques, décrits dans les deux paragraphes ci-dessus, sont de type connu en soi de sorte qu'ils ne seront pas explicités plus en détail. Ils peuvent être remplacés par des éléments mécaniques de structures différentes mais de fonctions analogues, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.The step is fitted with a spar 104, received in the hollow body, which is fitted with rollers 106 at its two ends. These rollers pivot in stays 152, articulated on uprights 154 integral with the body. The mechanical elements, described in the two paragraphs above, are of a type known per se so that they will not be explained in more detail. They can be replaced by mechanical elements of different structures but of similar functions, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Comme montré sur les figures 3 à 5, le dispositif d'entraînement 1 conforme à l'invention comprend essentiellement un moteur 10, un maneton 20, une bielle 30 équipée de moyens élastiques, ainsi qu'un ensemble de liaison 80. Le moteur 10, de type connu en soi, est un moteur rotatif monté sur le châssis par tous moyens de fixation appropriés. On note 12 son arbre de sortie, ainsi que A10 son axe géométrique de rotation. Le maneton 20, également de type classique, est solidarisé sur l'arbre de sortie du moteur par tous moyens appropriés.As shown on the figures 3 to 5 , the drive device 1 according to the invention essentially comprises a motor 10, a crank pin 20, a connecting rod 30 equipped with elastic means, as well as a connecting assembly 80. The motor 10, of a type known in itself, is a rotary motor mounted on the chassis by any suitable fixing means. We note 12 its output shaft, as well as A10 its geometric axis of rotation. The crank pin 20, also of the conventional type, is secured to the motor output shaft by any suitable means.

L'ensemble de liaison 80 comprend tout d'abord une biellette 82, articulée sur la bielle 30. Il est par ailleurs prévu un arbre 84, dont l'axe principal A84 s'étend parallèlement à celui du moteur. La biellette 82 et l'arbre 84 sont mutuellement solidaires, de sorte qu'ils ne possèdent pas de degré de liberté mutuelle. À cet effet, on utilisera tous moyens classiques appropriés, par exemple une clavette 85 comme dans l'exemple illustré.The connecting assembly 80 firstly comprises a connecting rod 82, articulated on the connecting rod 30. A shaft 84 is also provided, the main axis A84 of which extends parallel to that of the engine. The link 82 and the shaft 84 are mutually integral, so that they do not have any degree of mutual freedom. For this purpose, any suitable conventional means will be used, for example a key 85 as in the example illustrated.

L'ensemble de liaison 80 est en outre équipé d'un levier 86, monté sur l'arbre 84. Ces deux pièces sont mutuellement solidaires, à savoir qu'elles ne possèdent pas de degré de liberté mutuelle. À cet effet, on utilise dans l'exemple illustré une bague de serrage 88. L'extrémité libre du levier 86, opposée à l'arbre, est munie de galets 89 reçus dans le corps creux de la marche. De manière connue en soi, ces galets 89 sont aptes à prendre appui respectivement contre les parois de ce corps creux, de manière à induire le déplacement de la marche respectivement vers le haut et vers le bas.The link assembly 80 is further equipped with a lever 86, mounted on the shaft 84. These two parts are mutually integral, ie they do not have any mutual degree of freedom. For this purpose, in the example illustrated, a clamping ring 88 is used. The free end of the lever 86, opposite the shaft, is provided with rollers 89 received in the hollow body of the step. In a manner known per se, these rollers 89 are able to bear respectively against the walls of this hollow body, so as to induce the movement of the step respectively upwards and downwards.

La bielle 30, qui constitue un élément essentiel de l'invention, va maintenant être détaillée. Cette bielle comprend un corps 40, ainsi qu'un organe mobile 60 susceptible de se déplacer par rapport au corps selon l'axe longitudinal de la bielle.The connecting rod 30, which constitutes an essential element of the invention, will now be detailed. This connecting rod comprises a body 40, as well as a movable member 60 capable of moving relative to the body along the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod.

Le corps 40 comprend tout d'abord une embase 42, articulée sur le maneton autour d'un axe noté A40. Cette embase est fixée sur le maneton, par tous moyens appropriés, notamment à l'aide d'une rotule radiale. À l'opposé de son articulation sur le maneton, cette embase forme un dégagement 44 pour l'organe mobile. Un plot 46, en saillie axiale par rapport au siège, définit une surface d'appui pour des moyens élastiques qui seront explicités dans ce qui suit. L'embase 42 se prolonge, à l'opposé de son articulation, par un fût périphérique 48, fileté à son extrémité. Ce dernier reçoit un capot 50, formant écrou, qui est vissé sur le fût 48 en étant creusé d'une ouverture centrale 52.The body 40 firstly comprises a base 42, articulated on the crankpin around an axis denoted A40. This base is fixed to the crankpin, by any appropriate means, in particular using a radial ball joint. Opposite its articulation on the crankpin, this base forms a clearance 44 for the movable member. A stud 46, projecting axially relative to the seat, defines a bearing surface for elastic means which will be explained below. The base 42 is extended, opposite its articulation, by a peripheral shaft 48, threaded at its end. The latter receives a cover 50, forming a nut, which is screwed onto the barrel 48 by being dug with a central opening 52.

L'organe mobile 60 comprend tout d'abord un piston 62, s'étendant au travers de l'ouverture précitée 52. Ce piston 62 est articulé sur la biellette 82, autour d'un axe noté A60. Cet organe mobile est fixé sur la biellette par tous moyens appropriés, créant une liaison pivot. Les deux axes d'articulation de la bielle, respectivement A40 et A60, sont mutuellement parallèles tout en étant également parallèles à l'axe géométrique du moteur A10.The movable member 60 firstly comprises a piston 62, extending through the aforementioned opening 52. This piston 62 is articulated on the connecting rod 82, around an axis denoted A60. This movable member is fixed to the connecting rod by any appropriate means, creating a pivot connection. The two axes of articulation of the connecting rod, respectively A40 and A60, are mutually parallel while also being parallel to the geometric axis of the engine A10.

Le piston 62 est prolongé, à l'opposé de son axe d'articulation, par un col 64. Ce piston et ce col définissent un épaulement périphérique 66, destiné à prendre appui contre le capot 50. Par ailleurs, l'extrémité libre 68 du col 64 est apte à se déplacer axialement vers le dégagement 44 de l'embase. On note 70 le logement, délimité par les parois intérieures du col 66.The piston 62 is extended, opposite its axis of articulation, by a neck 64. This piston and this neck define a peripheral shoulder 66, intended to bear against the cover 50. Furthermore, the free end 68 of the neck 64 is able to move axially towards the recess 44 of the base. Note 70 the housing, delimited by the inner walls of the neck 66.

Ce logement 70 permet la réception de moyens déformables, conformes à l'invention. Ces moyens déformables 72 sont intercalés entre le plot 46 et le fond 71 du logement 70. Dans l'exemple illustré, ces moyens déformables sont constitués par un empilement de rondelles ressorts, de type connu en soi. Cependant, l'homme du métier pourra utiliser d'autres types de moyens élastiques. À titre de variante non représentée, on peut notamment citer un ressort de compression.This housing 70 allows the reception of deformable means, in accordance with the invention. These deformable means 72 are interposed between the stud 46 and the bottom 71 of the housing 70. In the example illustrated, these deformable means consist of a stack of spring washers, of a type known per se. However, those skilled in the art may use other types of elastic means. As a variant not shown, mention may in particular be made of a compression spring.

On note F1 la force de rappel générée par les moyens élastiques 72, ainsi que F2 la force axiale exercée par la biellette 82 sur la bielle 30. Dans le cas où la force F1 est supérieure à la force F2, les moyens élastiques tendent à rappeler l'organe mobile à l'opposé du corps, de sorte que l'épaulement 66 prend appui contre le capot 50. La bielle 30 possède alors une longueur dite nominale, notée L1, qui correspond à son fonctionnement normal.We note F1 the return force generated by the elastic means 72, as well as F2 the axial force exerted by the connecting rod 82 on the connecting rod 30. In the case where the force F1 is greater than the force F2, the elastic means tend to return the movable member opposite the body, so that the shoulder 66 bears against the cover 50. The connecting rod 30 then has a so-called nominal length, denoted L1, which corresponds to its normal operation.

En revanche, si la force F1 est inférieure à la force F2, la biellette tend à repousser l'organe mobile en direction du corps, de sorte que l'extrémité libre 68 du col est déplacée en translation vers le dégagement 44. Dans ce second cas, la longueur L2 de la bielle est réduite par rapport à sa longueur nominale ci-dessus. La différence entre L2 et L1, lorsque L2 correspond à la course minimale de l'organe mobile par rapport au corps, est typiquement de l'ordre de quelques millimètres.On the other hand, if the force F1 is less than the force F2, the rod tends to push the movable member in the direction of the body, so that the free end 68 of the neck is moved in translation towards the clearance 44. In this second case, the length L2 of the connecting rod is reduced compared to its nominal length above. The difference between L2 and L1, when L2 corresponds to the minimum travel of the movable member relative to the body, is typically of the order of a few millimeters.

Comme cela est montré notamment par les figures 3 à 5, le marchepied comprend en outre une came, désignée dans son ensemble par la référence 90, laquelle est montée sur l'arbre 12 du moteur. On note C90 le centre de cette came, qui se situe sur l'axe géométrique du moteur. En vue de face, cette came 90 est par nature dissymétrique de sorte qu'elle délimite une portion renflée 91, ainsi qu'une portion amincie 92. De façon plus précise, cette came comprend une surface dite active 93 formée par une portion de cylindre dont l'axe est confondu avec celui A10 du moteur. Cette surface 93, qui délimite la portion renflée 91, est bordée par deux lignes 94 et 95, à partir desquelles s'étendent différents méplats, délimitant la portion amincie 92. Comme on le verra plus en détail dans ce qui suit, la surface active 93 assure une fonction de blocage à l'égard de l'ensemble de transmission.As shown in particular by the figures 3 to 5 , the footboard further comprises a cam, designated as a whole by the reference 90, which is mounted on the shaft 12 of the motor. We note C90 the center of this cam, which is located on the geometric axis of the engine. In front view, this cam 90 is by nature asymmetrical so that it delimits a bulging portion 91, as well as a thinned portion 92. More precisely, this cam comprises a so-called active surface 93 formed by a portion of cylinder whose axis coincides with that A10 of the motor. This surface 93, which delimits the bulging portion 91, is bordered by two lines 94 and 95, from which extend various flats, delimiting the thinned portion 92. As will be seen in more detail in the following, the active surface 93 performs a blocking function with respect to the transmission assembly.

Comme cela est montré notamment par les mêmes figures 3 à 5, l'arbre 84 supporte une tige de blocage 98, destinée à coopérer avec la surface de blocage 93 mentionnée ci-dessus. Cette tige 98 et l'arbre 84 sont mutuellement solidaires par encastrement, de sorte qu'ils ne possèdent pas de degré de liberté mutuelle. L'extrémité libre de la tige, opposée à l'arbre, reçoit un galet 99 destiné à rouler contre la surface de blocage précitée 93.As shown in particular by the same figures 3 to 5 , the shaft 84 supports a blocking rod 98, intended to cooperate with the blocking surface 93 mentioned above. This rod 98 and the shaft 84 are mutually integral by embedding, so that they do not have any mutual degree of freedom. The free end of the rod, opposite the shaft, receives a roller 99 intended to roll against the aforementioned blocking surface 93.

Comme montré sur les figures 1 et 2, le caisson 2 présente une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique. On note 3 et 4 ses parois opposées, respectivement supérieures et inférieures, ainsi que 5 et 6 ses parois opposées latérales. On note en outre 7 sa paroi frontale dite extérieure, en référence à l'habitacle du véhicule, ainsi que 8 sa paroi frontale dite intérieure. La paroi latérale 5 est creusée d'une échancrure 9, à travers laquelle s'étend l'arbre 84. En outre, comme montré notamment par les figures 13 et 14, la paroi extérieure 7 du caisson ne fait pas saillie, par rapport à la marche dans sa position relevée. Cela est avantageux en termes de compacité, car ce caisson ne se situe pas en dehors du gabarit global du véhicule. Sur les figures 13 et 14, ce gabarit est illustré par une ligne verticale G réalisée en traits mixtes.As shown on the figures 1 and 2 , the box 2 has a substantially parallelepipedal shape. Note 3 and 4 its opposite walls, respectively upper and lower, as well as 5 and 6 its opposite side walls. Also note 7 its so-called outer front wall, with reference to the passenger compartment of the vehicle, as well as 8 its so-called inner front wall. The side wall 5 is hollowed out with a notch 9, through which the shaft 84 extends. In addition, as shown in particular by the figures 13 and 14 , the outer wall 7 of the box does not protrude, relative to the step in its raised position. This is advantageous in terms of compactness, because this box is not outside the overall size of the vehicle. On the figures 13 and 14 , this template is illustrated by a vertical line G made in dot-and-dash lines.

La mise en œuvre du marchepied et de son dispositif d'entraînement, qui ont été décrits ci-dessus, va maintenant être explicitée.The implementation of the footboard and its drive device, which have been described above, will now be explained.

On suppose, en référence aux figures 7 à 9, que la marche 100 est dans sa position rabaissée, à savoir qu'elle permet un appui pour l'utilisateur. Dans cette configuration, comme le montre la figure 8, l'axe A40 d'articulation du corps 40 est situé à l'opposé de l'axe A84, par rapport à l'axe A10 du moteur. Si on souhaite désormais relever la marche, il s'agit d'actionner le moteur dans un premier sens, de sorte que le maneton soit mis en rotation selon la flèche f1 illustrée sur les figures 11 et 12. Cela provoque alors le déplacement correspondant de la biellette 82, lequel induit à son tour le pivotement de l'ensemble de liaison. Les galets du levier 86 prennent alors appui contre la paroi supérieure du corps creux constitutif de la marche de manière à relever cette dernière, comme cela est matérialisé par la flèche F100 sur les figures 10 à 12.We assume, with reference to figures 7 to 9 , that the step 100 is in its lowered position, namely that it allows support for the user. In this configuration, as shown in figure 8 , the axis A40 of articulation of the body 40 is located opposite the axis A84, with respect to the axis A10 of the motor. If it is now desired to raise the gear, it is a question of actuating the motor in a first direction, so that the crankpin is rotated according to the arrow f1 illustrated on the figures 11 and 12 . This then causes the corresponding movement of the connecting rod 82, which in turn induces the pivoting of the link assembly. The rollers of the lever 86 then bear against the upper wall of the hollow body constituting the step so as to raise the latter, as shown by the arrow F100 on the figures 10 to 12 .

À un moment donné de la rotation de la marche, cette dernière vient sensiblement en butée contre le châssis, à savoir qu'elle adopte une position dite extrême haute. On note D, sur la figure 13, la droite reliant en vue de côté l'axe A10 du moteur et l'axe A60 d'articulation de la bielle 30 sur la biellette. Selon l'invention, au moment où la marche atteint sa position extrême haute, l'axe A40 d'articulation de la bielle sur le maneton se situe au-dessus cette droite D, alors que la bielle 30 n'est pas comprimée. Dans cette position dite intermédiaire de la bielle 30, illustrée sur la figure 13, la marche n'est pas verrouillée. En effet, une force exercée sur cette marche et principalement dirigée vers le bas aurait tendance à la faire retomber.At a given moment of the rotation of the step, the latter substantially comes into abutment against the frame, ie it adopts a so-called extreme high position. We note D, on the figure 13 , the line connecting in side view the axis A10 of the engine and the axis A60 of articulation of the connecting rod 30 on the connecting rod. According to the invention, when the step reaches its extreme high position, the axis A40 of articulation of the connecting rod on the crankpin located above this line D, while the connecting rod 30 is not compressed. In this so-called intermediate position of the connecting rod 30, illustrated in the figure 13 , the gear is not locked. Indeed, a force exerted on this step and mainly directed downwards would tend to cause it to fall.

Si on continue à actionner le moteur, la marche ne subit plus aucun déplacement, étant donné qu'elle est en butée contre le châssis. Par ailleurs, l'axe A60 est immobilisé. En revanche, cette rotation du moteur exerce une force F2 qui est supérieure à la force de rappel élastique F1 définie ci-dessus. Par conséquent, cette force tend à comprimer les rondelles ressorts 72 de sorte que la longueur de la bielle diminue, comme cela est visible sur la figure 14. Sur cette dernière, la compression de la bielle 30 est matérialisée par les flèches F30.If the motor continues to be actuated, the step no longer undergoes any movement, since it is in abutment against the frame. In addition, axis A60 is immobilized. On the other hand, this rotation of the motor exerts a force F2 which is greater than the elastic return force F1 defined above. Consequently, this force tends to compress the spring washers 72 so that the length of the connecting rod decreases, as can be seen on the figure 14 . On the latter, the compression of the connecting rod 30 is materialized by the arrows F30.

L'axe A40 vient alors s'aligner sur la droite D, comme le montre cette même figure 14. Puis, si la rotation du moteur est poursuivie, cet axe A40 passe au-dessous de cette même droite, comme le montre la figure 15. il y a alors arc-boutement de la bielle 30, assisté par les rondelles ressorts 72 travaillant en compression. Dans cette configuration, la surface 93 de la came 90 vient en butée contre le galet 99 de la tige 98, comme le montre la figure 16. Par conséquent la tige 98 est immobilisée, ce qui est matérialisé par la flèche barrée F98, ce qui assure également l'immobilisation globale de l'ensemble d'entraînement.Axis A40 then aligns itself with line D, as shown in this same figure 14 . Then, if the rotation of the motor is continued, this axis A40 passes below this same straight line, as shown in the figure 15 . there is then bracing of the connecting rod 30, assisted by the spring washers 72 working in compression. In this configuration, the surface 93 of the cam 90 comes into abutment against the roller 99 of the rod 98, as shown in the figure 16 . Consequently the rod 98 is immobilized, which is materialized by the crossed-out arrow F98, which also ensures the overall immobilization of the drive assembly.

La marche est alors verrouillée, à savoir que la bielle 30 ne peut pas entrer en rotation sous l'effet d'une action extérieure, en particulier sous l'effet d'une force exercée sur la marche et dirigée vers le bas, sauf à actionner le moteur dans le sens inverse de celui décrit ci-dessus. Comme expliqué ci-dessus, la déformation des rondelles ressorts 72 permet le passage entre la position intermédiaire non verrouillée, illustrée en figure 13, et la position verrouillée de la figure 15. Entre ces deux positions, une partie de l'ensemble de transmission, à savoir le maneton 20 et la bielle 30, est mobile alors que l'ensemble de liaison 80 est sensiblement immobile.The step is then locked, namely that the connecting rod 30 cannot enter into rotation under the effect of an external action, in particular under the effect of a force exerted on the step and directed downwards, except at operate the motor in the opposite direction to that described above. As explained above, the deformation of the spring washers 72 allows passage between the unlocked intermediate position, illustrated in figure 13 , and the locked position of the figure 15 . Between these two positions, part of the transmission assembly, namely the crankpin 20 and the connecting rod 30, is mobile while the connecting assembly 80 is substantially stationary.

L'utilisation de la came de blocage 90 présente des avantages spécifiques. En effet, elle confère une stabilité satisfaisante à l'ensemble de transmission, dans la position verrouillée de ce dernier. En particulier, cette came permet que la position verrouillée ne soit pas dépendante de l'élasticité de la bielle 30 puisque la came est en contact direct, par l'intermédiaire du galet 99, avec la biellette 82 actionnant la marche 100. Par conséquent, l'invention permet de s'affranchir précisément de tout déplacement intempestif de la marche, à partir de sa position extrême haute.The use of the locking cam 90 has specific advantages. Indeed, it confers satisfactory stability on the transmission assembly, in the locked position of the latter. In particular, this cam allows the locked position not to be dependent on the elasticity of the link 30 since the cam is in direct contact, via the roller 99, with the link 82 actuating the step 100. Consequently, the invention makes it possible to overcome precisely any untimely movement of the step, from its extreme high position.

On suppose maintenant que l'on souhaite abaisser la marche 100, à partir de sa position relevée des figures 15 et 16. Il s'agit de mettre en rotation le moteur, selon le sens inverse de celui décrit précédemment. Dans ces conditions, la surface de blocage 93 de la came 90 roule le long du galet 99 prévu à l'extrémité de la tige 98, depuis la position illustrée à la figure 16 jusqu'à la position illustrée la figure 18. Ce contact de la surface 93 de la came avec le galet permet d'immobiliser le levier 98, en particulier d'éviter tout mouvement intempestif qui contribuerait à faire remonter ce levier vers la droite des figures 16 et 18. Par ailleurs l'axe A40 tend à remonter de façon à s'aligner avec la droite D, tout en comprimant à nouveau la bielle 30 selon les flèches F30, ce qui est montré sur la figure 17. Entre les figures 15 et 18, une course morte a lieu permettant le déverrouillage alors même que la marche n'a pas bougé, grâce à la présence de la bielle 30.We now suppose that we wish to lower the step 100, from its raised position of the figures 15 and 16 . This involves rotating the motor, in the opposite direction to that described above. Under these conditions, the locking surface 93 of the cam 90 rolls along the roller 99 provided at the end of the rod 98, from the position illustrated in figure 16 to the position shown figure 18 . This contact of the surface 93 of the cam with the roller makes it possible to immobilize the lever 98, in particular to avoid any untimely movement which would contribute to raising this lever to the right of the figure 16 and 18 . Furthermore, the axis A40 tends to rise so as to align itself with the line D, while again compressing the connecting rod 30 according to the arrows F30, which is shown on the figure 17 . Between the figure 15 and 18 , a dead stroke takes place allowing unlocking even though the step has not moved, thanks to the presence of the connecting rod 30.

Puis, si on continue la mise en rotation du moteur 10, la came se libère du galet 99 au niveau de la ligne 94, à savoir qu'elle n'est plus en contact avec ce galet, comme cela est montré sur la figure 20. En effet, la portion amincie 92 de cette came se trouve désormais en regard de ce galet. Par conséquent, la came 90 n'interagit plus sur l'ensemble de transmission, comme cela est matérialisé par les flèches en pointillés sur cette même figure 20. De manière simultanée, l'axe A40 repasse au-dessus de la droite D, comme illustré sur la figure 19. La bielle adopte alors à nouveau la position, primitivement décrite en référence à la figure 13, dans laquelle elle n'est pas comprimée. Si on continue à actionner le moteur dans ce même sens inverse, la marche commence son mouvement d'abaissement matérialisé par la flèche F'100 sur les figures 19 et 20, la bielle 30 restant non comprimée.Then, if motor 10 continues to rotate, the cam is released from roller 99 at line 94, i.e. it is no longer in contact with this roller, as shown in figure figure 20 . Indeed, the thinned portion 92 of this cam is now opposite this roller. Consequently, the cam 90 no longer interacts with the transmission assembly, as evidenced by the dotted arrows on this same figure 20 . Simultaneously, the axis A40 goes back above the straight line D, as illustrated on the figure 19 . The connecting rod then again adopts the position originally described with reference to the figure 13 , in which it is not compressed. If the motor continues to be operated in the same opposite direction, the step begins its lowering movement shown by the arrow F'100 on the figures 19 and 20 , the connecting rod 30 remaining uncompressed.

Les figures 22 et 23 illustrent le fonctionnement de la bielle 230 de l'état de la technique. Contrairement à la bielle 30 conforme à l'invention, décrite ci-dessus, cette bielle connue 230 est rigide à savoir que sa longueur est sensiblement invariante. Il est à souligner que, avec l'utilisation de cette bielle rigide, la marche 300 peut atteindre sa position extrême haute uniquement lorsque l'axe d'articulation de la bielle sur le maneton, noté A240, est situé sur la droite D. Dans cette configuration intermédiaire illustrée sur la figure 22, cette bielle n'est pas verrouillée de manière stable. Par conséquent, si on souhaite que cette bielle adopte une position de verrouillage, il est nécessaire de continuer à actionner le moteur, de sorte que l'axe précité A240 soit situé au-dessous de la droite D. Dans cette configuration finale illustrée sur la figure 23, la marche 300 a subi un basculement vers le bas par rapport à sa position extrême haute, selon la flèche F"300, de sorte qu'elle fait nécessairement saillie en dehors du gabarit global du véhicule.The figures 22 and 23 illustrate the operation of the connecting rod 230 of the state of the art. Unlike the connecting rod 30 according to the invention, described above, this known connecting rod 230 is rigid, ie its length is substantially invariant. It should be emphasized that, with the use of this rigid connecting rod, step 300 can reach its extreme high position only when the axis of articulation of the connecting rod on the crankpin, denoted A240, is located on the line D. In this intermediate configuration illustrated on the figure 22 , this connecting rod is not stably locked. Consequently, if it is desired that this connecting rod adopts a locking position, it is necessary to continue to actuate the motor, so that the aforementioned axis A240 is located below the line D. In this final configuration illustrated on the figure 23 , the step 300 has undergone a downward tilt relative to its extreme high position, according to the arrow F"300, so that it necessarily projects outside the overall size of the vehicle.

Sur cette figure 23, on a hachuré la zone 300' qui fait saillie hors du gabarit, matérialisé par la droite en traits mixtes G.On this figure 23 , the zone 300' which protrudes outside the template has been hatched, materialized by the line in dashed lines G.

Claims (15)

  1. Self-locking device for driving (1) a footboard (1, 100) of a transport vehicle, particularly of the train, tramway, underground, bus or also trolleybus type, said footboard comprising a step (100) defining a bearing surface (101) for the foot of a user, this step (100) being movable between an extreme upper position, or raised position, wherein it abuts substantially against the body shell of the vehicle, and an extreme lower position, or lowered position, wherein it makes it possible for a user to put weight on the bearing surface,
    this driving device comprising
    a rotary motor (10)
    a transmission assembly (20, 30, 80) capable of being moved under the effect of the rotation of the motor (10) and capable of activating the movement of the step this driving device being characterised in that said transmission assembly is provided with elastically deformable means (72), making it possible for said transmission assembly to occupy a locked position when the step occupies said extreme upper position, said locked position not requiring an angular overtravel preceding the step.
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the transmission assembly (20, 30, 80) is capable of occupying an unlocked intermediate position, in the extreme upper position of the step, at least one portion (20, 30) of this transmission assembly further being movable between this intermediate position and said locked position, thanks to the deformation of the deformable means (72).
  3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it further comprises blocking means (90), suitable for immobilising the transmission assembly in its locked position, without putting strain on the deformable means (72) to maintain this locked position.
  4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the blocking means comprise a locking cam (90), mounted on the shaft (12) of the motor (10), the locking cam advantageously comprising a bulged portion (92), defining a blocking surface (93) capable of blocking the transmission assembly in its locked position.
  5. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the blocking surface (93) of the locking cam (90) is delimited by a cylinder portion, the axis of which coincides with the geometrical axis (A10) of the motor.
  6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transmission assembly comprises a crank pin (20) capable of being moved by the motor a connecting rod (30) capable of being moved by the crank pin, said connecting rod (30) advantageously being provided with deformable means (72), these deformable means being suitable for making possible a significant variation of the axial dimension of this connecting rod a connection assembly (80) capable of being moved by the connecting rod, this connection assembly being capable of activating the movement of the step.
  7. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that it further comprises a locking pin (98), capable of cooperating with the blocking surface (93) of the locking cam (90), this locking pin being integral with the connection assembly (80).
  8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the step is capable of occupying its extreme upper position, when the hinge axis A40 of the connecting rod (30) on the crank pin is located above the straight line (D) linking in side view the axis (A10) of the motor and the hinge axis (A60) of the connecting rod on the connection assembly (80), said connecting rod being capable of being compressed so that said hinge axis of the connecting rod on the crank pin passes below said straight line (D).
  9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the connecting rod (30) comprises a body (40), hinged on the crank pin, as well as a movable member (60) capable of moving in relation to the body in the axial direction of the connecting rod, this movable member being hinged on the connection assembly (80), the deformable means (72) being interposed between the walls facing the body and the movable member, the deformable means tending in particular to axially push back during operation the movable member, opposite the body (40), the body (40) and the movable member (60) advantageously delimiting an axial position of mutual abutment, corresponding to a maximum length of the connecting rod.
  10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deformable means (72) delimit an axial position corresponding to a minimum length of the connecting rod, when these deformable means are completely compressed.
  11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the body (40) comprises a barrel (48), whereas the movable member (60) comprises a neck (64), the barrel and the neck being capable of mutually sliding one in the vicinity of the other, during the movement of the movable member in relation to the body.
  12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the elastically deformable means comprise at least one compression spring (72).
  13. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it further comprises a box (2), wherein are housed all or part of the motor and of the transmission assembly, said box possessing an outer front wall (7), opposite during operation to the cockpit of the vehicle, said outer wall not protruding beyond the step (100), in the extreme upper position of the latter.
  14. Footboard for transport vehicle, particularly of the train, tramway, underground, bus or also trolleybus type, this footboard comprising
    a step (100) defining a bearing surface (101) for the foot of a user, this step being movable between an extreme upper position, known as raised position, wherein it is retracted in the vicinity of the body shell of the vehicle, as well as an extreme lower position, known as lowered position, wherein it makes it possible for a user to put weight on the bearing surface,
    a device (1) for driving this step, capable of moving this step between its raised position and its lowered position, this driving device being in accordance with one of the preceding claims.
  15. Transport vehicle, particularly of the train, tramway, underground, bus or also trolleybus type, comprising at least one footboard in accordance with the preceding claim.
EP19215473.0A 2018-12-18 2019-12-12 Self-locking device for moving a step of a transport vehicle, step and vehicle equipped in this way Active EP3674168B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1873126A FR3090059B1 (en) 2018-12-18 2018-12-18 SELF-LOCKING TRAINING DEVICE FOR TRANSPORT VEHICLE FOOTBOARDS, FOOTBOARDS AND VEHICLES THUS EQUIPPED

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3674168A1 EP3674168A1 (en) 2020-07-01
EP3674168B1 true EP3674168B1 (en) 2022-04-13

Family

ID=66867240

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19215473.0A Active EP3674168B1 (en) 2018-12-18 2019-12-12 Self-locking device for moving a step of a transport vehicle, step and vehicle equipped in this way

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3674168B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2912877T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3090059B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1027085B (en) * 1956-09-19 1958-03-27 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Vehicle entry
FR2405849A1 (en) * 1977-10-13 1979-05-11 Faiveley Sa RETRACTABLE FOOTBOARD, ESPECIALLY FOR A RAILWAY CAR DOOR
DE3409257C2 (en) * 1984-03-14 1995-12-07 Ibeg Masch & Geraetebau Safety drive with pinch protection for a movable step
ES2145710B1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2001-02-16 Faiveley Espanola PERFECTED SPAMOTABLE LEFT FOR PASSENGER CARS.
CN206954230U (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-02-02 江苏惠民交通设备有限公司 A kind of stopping sliding door overturning pedal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3090059B1 (en) 2020-11-27
FR3090059A1 (en) 2020-06-19
EP3674168A1 (en) 2020-07-01
ES2912877T3 (en) 2022-05-30

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