EP3671955B1 - Monopol-drahtplattenantenne für differentiellen anschluss - Google Patents

Monopol-drahtplattenantenne für differentiellen anschluss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3671955B1
EP3671955B1 EP19219115.3A EP19219115A EP3671955B1 EP 3671955 B1 EP3671955 B1 EP 3671955B1 EP 19219115 A EP19219115 A EP 19219115A EP 3671955 B1 EP3671955 B1 EP 3671955B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
supply loop
power supply
loop
longitudinal ends
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EP19219115.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3671955A1 (de
Inventor
Olivier Clauzier
Serge Bories
Christophe Delaveaud
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/138—Parallel-plate feeds, e.g. pill-box, cheese aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention relates to monopolar wire-plate antennas. More particularly, the invention relates to a monopolar wire-plate antenna comprising a ground plane, a roof arranged at a distance from the ground plane, and at least one electrically conductive element electrically connecting the ground plane to the roof.
  • a monopolar wire-plate antenna 100 of the type in this article by Ch. Delumbled et al., comprises a ground plane 101, a planar electrically conductive element 102, called roof, one or more electrically conductive elements 103a, 103b, called ground wire(s), connecting the roof 102 to the ground plane 101 and optionally a dielectric substrate 104 on which the roof 102 can be printed.
  • the antenna 100 comprises a coaxial feed probe 105 having a central core 106a passing through the ground plane 101, without electrical contact with it. ci, and extending to the roof 102 so as to establish an electrical connection therewith.
  • the core 106a is also successively surrounded by a sheath 106b of dielectric material 106b, then a metal tube 106c electrically connected to the ground plane, the sheath 106b of dielectric material ensuring electrical insulation between the core 106a and the metal tube 106c.
  • Such a coaxial feed probe 105 forms a coaxial waveguide in which a quasi-transverse electric magnetic (TEM) mode is established to guide and propagate the wave in the waveguide.
  • This type of antenna 100 makes it possible to emit an electromagnetic field, also called an electromagnetic wave, with high efficiency for frequencies located below the TM nm cavity resonance modes (for “Transverse Magnetic” of indices n and m) classic for this antenna geometry.
  • resonance of classical cavity we mean the particular distribution of an electromagnetic field resulting from the resolution of Maxwell's equations with the boundary conditions imposed by the topology of the antenna.
  • this monopolar wire-plate antenna can be fed asymmetrically from a suitable radio frequency transmitter having an asymmetrical connection (for example a microstrip line or a coaxial connector).
  • Such an antenna 100 has the advantage of having a small footprint, it is therefore particularly suitable for being associated with components from microelectronics, particularly within a mobile device.
  • a disadvantage linked to this type of antenna is that its technological integration in a small volume may imply that the radio frequency transmitter connected to the antenna has a differential connection instead of being asymmetrical.
  • the differential connection transmitter makes it possible to generate two signals of equal amplitude and in phase opposition: the transmitter then forms a so-called “balanced” power source for the antenna.
  • balun also called balun
  • BALanced for balanced, or balanced, in French
  • UNbalanced for unbalanced, or not balanced, in French
  • a disadvantage of this adaptation of the differential connection is that it increases the bulk of the radio frequency front ends, implying the addition of additional components to be assembled which are generally not integrable on a chip, this results in radio frequency losses.
  • there is a need to develop a solution making it possible to power an antenna with a roof, in particular capacitive, and with a ground plane electrically connected to each other without having to resort to the use of a balun when the antenna is intended to be connected to a transmitter with differential connection.
  • a monopolar wire-plate antenna comprising a ground plane, a first radiating element in the form of a capacitive roof, and a second radiating element in the form of a conductive wire connecting the capacitive roof to the ground plane.
  • This antenna also includes a cable, or coaxial feed probe, whose central core is connected to the capacitive roof.
  • the power source for the coaxial power probe is a differentially connected radio frequency transmitter, this again requires the use of a balun.
  • the aim of the invention is to enable power supply of a monopolar wire-plate antenna without requiring the presence of a balun.
  • the invention relates to a monopolar wire-plate antenna, operating at a wavelength denoted ⁇ g, and comprising a ground plane, a roof arranged at a distance from the ground plane, and having strictly smaller dimensions at ⁇ g/4, at least one electrically conductive element electrically connecting the ground plane to the roof, this antenna comprising a feed loop arranged substantially orthogonal to the ground plane, said feed loop being open in such a way that it comprises two opposite longitudinal ends arranged so as to be connected to a differential connection.
  • the antenna With such a power loop, it is possible to connect the antenna to a transmitter with differential connection without having to carry out an adaptation of the differential connection via a balun between the transmitter and the power loop.
  • the power loop allows, during operation of the monopolar wire-plate antenna powered by the transmitter with differential connection when transmitting a signal or by an electromagnetic wave propagating in the environment of the antenna when of reception of a signal, to impose a distribution of the electromagnetic field in an appropriate manner between the ground plane and the roof to allow the monopolar wire-plate antenna to present a desired impedance and, where appropriate, to emit a satisfactory electromagnetic wave.
  • the power supply/excitation of the antenna by the power loop makes it possible to obtain a symmetrical system which results in the reduction of the propagation of electric currents on the ground plane of the antenna, thus limiting the influence of the close context of the antenna, such as for example the influence of a person's hand holding a device equipped with the antenna.
  • the invention also relates to a radio frequency device comprising a monopolar wire-plate antenna as described and a radio frequency transmitter with differential connection connected to the power supply loop.
  • the differential connection of the radio frequency transmitter comprises first and second connection terminals
  • the antenna comprises a balanced waveguide, the balanced waveguide comprising first and second electrical conductors
  • the first electrical conductor is connected, on the one hand, to one of the longitudinal ends of the power loop and, on the other hand, to the first connection terminal
  • the second electrical conductor is connected, on the one hand, to the other of the longitudinal ends of the power loop and, on the other hand, to the second connection terminal.
  • the operating frequency of the monopolar wire-plate antenna corresponds to the frequency at which the monopolar wire-plate antenna emits, or receives, an electromagnetic wave, in particular a radio wave, also called where appropriate a transmitted signal. or signal received/captured. More generally, to talk about this electromagnetic wave, reference is made to the electromagnetic wave to be processed (whether in reception or transmission) at the operating frequency of the monopolar wire-plate antenna.
  • the monopolar wire-plate antenna is configured to transmit and/or receive a corresponding electromagnetic wave.
  • an operating wavelength of the antenna corresponds to the spatial period of the electromagnetic wave to be processed by the antenna propagating in a vacuum or in the air when the monopolar wire-plate antenna includes such a propagation medium.
  • ⁇ 0 is associated with the propagation of the electromagnetic wave in a vacuum or in air.
  • the propagation medium of the monopolar wire-plate antenna corresponds to an emission and/or reception medium of the electromagnetic wave to be treated.
  • the propagation medium is, where applicable, the medium from which the antenna picks up the electromagnetic wave to be processed or to which the antenna transmits the electromagnetic wave to be processed.
  • the wave electromagnetic to be treated propagates in a propagation medium of the monopolar wire-plate antenna (for example air, vacuum, a dielectric material, etc.) in contact with one or more radiating parts of the antenna, and the operating wavelength of the antenna (i.e. the wavelength associated with the propagation of the electromagnetic wave to be processed at the operating frequency of the antenna) is then denoted ⁇ g : we also speak of guided wavelength.
  • the monopolar wire-plate antenna is said to be powered/excited, it is at the operating wavelength of the antenna.
  • the monopolar wire-plate antenna is said to be impedance matched when it has a reflection coefficient strictly lower than a given level (typically -9.54 dB for communication terminals, and -15 dB for example for base stations ).
  • the invention relates to a monopolar wire-plate antenna 100, also simply called antenna 100, comprising a ground plane 101 (in particular planar), a roof 102 (in particular planar) arranged at a distance from the ground plane 101, and at minus one electrically conductive element 103a, 103b electrically connecting the ground plane 101 to the roof 102.
  • a monopolar wire-plate antenna 100 also simply called antenna 100, comprising a ground plane 101 (in particular planar), a roof 102 (in particular planar) arranged at a distance from the ground plane 101, and at minus one electrically conductive element 103a, 103b electrically connecting the ground plane 101 to the roof 102.
  • two electrically conductive elements 103a, 103b are shown as an example: the number of these electrically conductive elements 103a, 103b can be higher.
  • Each electrically conductive element 103a, 103b electrically connecting the ground plane 101 to the roof 102 is also called a short-circuit element between the roof 102 and the ground plane 101, or ground wire.
  • Each electrically conductive element 103a, 103b forms in particular a radiating part of the antenna 100.
  • the roof 102 is electrically conductive, and is also called a planar element, or plate, electrically conductive.
  • the ground plane 101 is electrically conductive and preferably adopts a planar shape.
  • the ground plane 101, the roof 102 and each electrically conductive element 103a, 103b can each be, in a non-limiting manner, made of copper, aluminum or steel.
  • this antenna 100 includes a feed loop 107, in particular called “antenna 100 feed loop”.
  • the power loop 107 is open so that it has two opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109 arranged so as to be connected to a differential connection.
  • the differential connection is in particular that of a radio frequency transmitter 200 ( Figure 6 ).
  • the power supply loop 107 is arranged substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101. Thanks to this power loop 107, there is no longer any need to use a balun or other circuit carrying out an asymmetric line transformation in symmetrical line (or vice versa) between the radio frequency transmitter and the antenna 100.
  • two opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109 of the power supply loop 107 and arranged so as to be connected to a differential connection we mean preferentially that the power supply loop 107 can be directly connected to terminals 201, 202 of the transmitter 200 ( Figure 6 ), or via a differential waveguide 110 as will be described subsequently.
  • the electromagnetic wave generated by the radio frequency transmitter can power the antenna 100 via this power loop 107 arranged under the roof 102 in order to emit this electromagnetic wave as signal.
  • the antenna 100 When the antenna 100 is used to receive a signal, the antenna 100 picks up the signal (the electromagnetic wave) from free space, this signal feeding the feed loop 107 of the antenna 100 in a manner adapted to transmit this signal to the radio frequency transmitter.
  • the signal the electromagnetic wave
  • the feed loop 107 can be arranged between the roof 102 and the ground plane 101, this has the advantage of satisfactory integration, and the advantage of reducing the overall size of the antenna 100 by integrating the loop power supply 107 in a separation space between the roof 102 and the ground plane 101.
  • substantially orthogonal is understood in particular to be orthogonal or orthogonal to plus or minus ten degrees.
  • substantially orthogonal can be replaced by “orthogonal”.
  • substantially parallel it is understood in particular parallel or parallel to plus or minus ten degrees.
  • substantially parallel can be replaced by “parallel”.
  • power supply loop 107 arranged substantially orthogonally relative to the ground plane 101
  • the power loop 107 extends along a profile included, or capable of being projected orthogonally, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the profile of the power supply loop 107 can travel, according to the length of the power loop 107, within a plane substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the profile of the supply loop 107 is rectangular in a plane substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101 and in particular to the roof 102.
  • the supply loop 107 can be placed in a plane substantially orthogonal to the plane mass 101.
  • the invention also relates to a radio frequency device 1000, in particular as illustrated by way of example in Figure 6 , comprising the antenna 100 as described and the radio frequency transmitter 200 with differential connection connected to the power loop 107, in particular to the power loop 107 of the antenna of the type figures 2 And 3 (as shown in Figure 6 ) or the antenna of the type illustrated in figures 4 and 5 .
  • the radio frequency transmitter 200 is an electronic transmission-reception component whose coupling to the antenna 100 (that is to say the connection to the power loop 107) makes it possible to transmit or receive the electromagnetic wave corresponding, or signal, by the antenna 100.
  • the radio frequency transmitter can in particular power the antenna through a discrete port, for example 50 ohms over its entire operating band.
  • the radio frequency transmitter 200 comprises two terminals 201, 202 from which the electromagnetic wave, making it possible to supply the antenna 100 in intended to transmit the signal is transmitted in a balanced mode.
  • the radio frequency transmitter 200 can send to its two terminals 201, 202 respectively two signals of equal amplitude and in phase opposition.
  • the radio frequency transmitter 200 of the Figure 6 and more particularly the differential connection, comprises a first connection terminal 201 denoted “+”, and a second connection terminal 202 denoted “-”.
  • the electric field is oriented according to the Z axis, that is to say substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the power supply loop 107 is orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the power loop 107 has parts substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101 in which currents can propagate.
  • the supply loop 107 preferably comprises two regions Z1, Z2 (represented dotted figures 3, 5 And 6 ) excitation of the antenna 100 formed by parts of the supply loop 107 substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the currents must be in phase, that is to say say oriented in the same direction, in particular substantially parallel to the Z axis, and these currents are of close amplitudes, when the antenna 100 is powered by the radio frequency transmitter 200 or by the signal that it picks up.
  • the supply loop 107 is notably configured so that it presents, during the operation of the antenna 100 (that is to say when the antenna 100 transmits or receives a signal), two regions Z1, Z2 for excitation of the antenna 100 in which the currents are in phase and flow substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the currents which flow in the feed loop 107, and in particular in parts of the feed loop 107 extending substantially orthogonal to each other. to the ground plane 101 are in phase and preferably of close amplitudes when this antenna 100 transmits or picks up a signal.
  • the power supply loop 107 advantageously comprises two parts substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101: this allowing the power supply loop 107 to take advantage of the currents substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101 and in phase to excite the antenna 100 in a suitable manner during its operation.
  • the power supply loop 107 comprises (see in particular the figures 2 to 5 ) a first part 1071 distal to the ground plane 101, a second part 1072 proximal to the ground plane 101, a third part 1073 connecting the first and second parts 1071, 1072 (in particular connecting two longitudinal ends of the first and second parts 1071, 1072 ).
  • the opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109 of the supply loop 107 are then arranged opposite the third part 1073, that is to say on one side of the supply loop 107 opposite the third part 1073.
  • Such a power supply loop 107 is particularly suitable for obtaining the vertical currents in phase sought to properly excite the electromagnetic field under the roof 102 of the antenna 100 and in particular between the roof 102 and the ground plane 101 when the antenna 100 transmits or receives a signal.
  • the first and second parts 1071, 1072 extend along their length substantially parallel to the ground plane 101
  • the third part 1073 extends along its length substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the power loop 107 may include a fourth part 1074 ( figures 2 to 5 ) connected to at least one of the first and second parts 1071, 1072, this fourth part 1074 being located on the side of the supply loop 107 where its longitudinal ends 108, 109 are arranged.
  • the first, third, second and fourth parts 1071, 1073, 1072, 1074 are arranged successively so as to delimit the contour of the supply loop 107.
  • the currents substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101 referred to above circulate in particular in the third and fourth parts 1073, 1074.
  • the fourth part 1074 is, in particular along its length, substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101.
  • the arrangement of the opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109 of the supply loop 107 opposite its third part 1073 makes it possible to promote, during the operation of the antenna 100, the obtaining of currents circulating in phase along the Z axis, that is to say in the third and fourth parts 1073, 1074 substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101 .
  • the power supply loop 107 can be such that it comprises the fourth part 1074 comprising a first portion 1074a extending from the first part 1071 of the power loop 107 in particular towards the second part 1072 of the power loop 107.
  • the first portion 1074a comprises one of the longitudinal ends 108 of the supply loop 107.
  • the fourth part 1074 of the supply loop 107 comprises a second portion 1074b extending from the second part 1072 of the supply loop 107 in particular towards the first part 1071 of the supply loop 107, this second portion 1074b comprising the other of the longitudinal ends 109 of the supply loop 107 ( figures 2 to 5 ).
  • the first and second portions 1074a, 1074b can have identical dimensions so that the excitation of the power loop 107 by the transmitter 200 can be done in the middle of the fourth part 1074, or alternatively dimensions different.
  • the power supply loop 107 has horizontal symmetry favoring the balance of the currents over the entire perimeter of the power loop 107 and therefore in the third and fourth parts 1073, 1074 substantially orthogonal to the ground plane 101, this being advantageous for proper operation of the antenna 100.
  • the fourth part 1074 extends from the first part 1071 of the supply loop 107 in particular towards the second part 1072 of the supply loop 107, and the fourth part 1074 comprises one of the longitudinal ends 108 of the loop supply loop 107.
  • the second part 1072 of the supply loop 107 comprises the other of the longitudinal ends 109 of the supply loop 107.
  • the fourth part 1074 extends from the second part 1072 in particular towards the first part 1071, and the fourth part 1074 comprises one of the longitudinal ends 109 of the supply loop 107.
  • the first part 1071 comprises the other of the longitudinal ends 108 of the supply loop 107.
  • the second and third cases are functional alternatives to the first case which is preferred.
  • the excitation regions Z1, Z2 of the antenna 100 are two in number and are advantageously formed by the third and fourth parts 1073, 1074.
  • the roof 102 is in particular a so-called “capacitive” roof considered to be small in relation to the operating wavelength of the antenna 100, that is to say that the dimensions of the roof 102 are in particular strictly less than ⁇ g /4.
  • the radio frequency transmitter 200 can be connected directly to the power loop 107, or can be connected to the power loop via a balanced waveguide 110, also called differential waveguide.
  • This balanced waveguide 110 belongs to the antenna 100.
  • the waveguide 110 is shown comprising first and second electrical conductors 111, 112, for example adopting the form of electrically conductive tracks.
  • the first electrical conductor 111 is connected to one of the longitudinal ends 108 of the power loop 107 and the second electrical conductor 112 is connected to the other of the longitudinal ends 109 of the power loop 107.
  • the guide waves is called "balanced" because it allows, thanks to its electrical conductors 111, 112, where appropriate, the propagation of the electromagnetic wave supplying the supply loop 107 generated by the radiofrequency transmitter 200 up to the feed loop 107 or the propagation of the electromagnetic wave captured (that is to say the signal picked up) by the antenna 100 from the feed loop 107 to the radio frequency transmitter 200.
  • This has the advantage to be able to adapt the distance between the antenna 100 and the radio frequency transmitter 200.
  • These first and second electrical conductors 111, 112 make it possible to respectively propagate two signals of equal amplitude and in phase opposition from which, where appropriate, results the propagation of the electromagnetic wave feeding the antenna 100 from the radio frequency transmitter 200 or the electromagnetic wave captured by the antenna 100.
  • the first electrical conductor 111 is also connected to the first connection terminal 201, and the second electrical conductor 112 is also connected to the second connection terminal 202.
  • the balanced waveguide 110 adopts a symmetrical geometry to ensure the proper propagation of the electromagnetic supply wave.
  • the balanced waveguide 110 can take the form of coplanar microstrip lines, twin lines, or a bifilar line.
  • the waveguide 110 is not necessary if the power supply loop 107 can be directly connected to the radio frequency transmitter 200.
  • the two opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109 of the loop power supply 107 can be connected to a differential connection of a differential waveguiding device, this differential device which may be the balanced waveguide 110 or the connection terminals 201, 202 of the radio frequency transmitter 200.
  • part of the supply loop 107 can be formed by a portion of the roof 102, this is particularly illustrated in Figure 9 where the third and fourth parts 1073, 1074 are in direct contact with the roof 102 which delimits the first part of the supply loop 107.
  • the supply loop 107 can be in contact with the roof 102 ( figures 3, 5 , 7 And 8 ) or can be located at a distance from the roof 102 ( Figure 10 ).
  • a part, in particular the first part 1071 described above, is formed by a portion of the roof 102, or is in contact with the roof 102, makes it possible to limit the bulk of the antenna 100 along the Z axis.
  • An additional advantage of the power loop 107, part of which is delimited by the roof 102, is that this reduces the complexity of the manufacturing process of the antenna 100 since there will be one less level of metallization to deposit.
  • the perimeter, also called length, of the feed loop 107 has an impact on the impedance matching of the antenna 100.
  • the opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109 of the feed loop 107 are located equidistant, for example at 0.25 mm, from the middle of the fourth part 1074 mentioned above along the Z axis.
  • the reflection coefficient (in dB) of the antenna 100 is a function of the frequency, normalized to 50 ⁇ , for these three cases of study of the antenna 100, it is possible to note that the frequency of operation of the antenna 100 for which the best impedance adaptation of the antenna 100 is obtained decreases with the increase in the perimeter P of the feed loop 107.
  • the adaptation of the The antenna 100 operates when the perimeter of the loop is of optimal dimension close to ⁇ 0 /3.6, where ⁇ 0 is the operating wavelength of the antenna 100. With the lengthening of the loop power supply 107, the phasing of the currents in the excitation regions Z1, Z2 can thus take place at lower frequencies.
  • the feed loop 107 preferably has a length, between its two opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109, between ⁇ g /3.7 and ⁇ g /3.5 with ⁇ g the operating wavelength of the antenna 100 in the medium of propagation of the antenna 100.
  • the propagation medium of the antenna 100 is the medium in contact with each radiating element of the antenna 100, for example the medium in contact with each electrically conductive element 103a, 103b. This propagation medium can be air or a dielectric material.
  • the matching of the antenna 100 becomes operates as soon as the perimeter of the feed loop 107 is of optimal dimension close to ⁇ 0 /2, where ⁇ 0 is the operating wavelength of the antenna 100 when the propagation medium of the antenna is the air. Furthermore, the balance of the excitation of the antenna 100, in the excitation regions Z1, Z2, in amplitude and in phase on the current density is lost when the supply loop 107 has too large a perimeter. or too small compared to its optimal dimension. Thus, at 6.5 GHz, for the antenna 100 having a loop with a perimeter P equal to 16.5 mm, the currents in the excitation regions Z1, Z2 of the antenna 100 are out of phase.
  • the currents are in phase and of the same amplitude in the regions Z1, Z2 excitation of the antenna 100.
  • the antenna 100 having a feed loop 107 of perimeter P equal to 16.5 mm and with the increase in the operating frequency of the antenna 100 it is found that the phasing of the currents improves in the excitation regions Z1, Z2.
  • the antenna 100 comprising a feed loop 107 of perimeter P equal to 18.5 mm the balance in the excitation regions Z1, Z2 of the antenna 100 is lost in amplitude and in phase on current density with increasing frequency.
  • the feed loop 107 preferably has a length, between its two opposite longitudinal ends 108, 109, between ⁇ g /3 and ⁇ g/ 1.6 with ⁇ g the operating wavelength of the antenna 100, particularly in the propagation medium of the antenna 100.
  • the width of the feed loop 107 in particular measured along the Y axis, can also be adapted according to the desired characteristics of the antenna 100.
  • the length of the feed loop 107 for the narrow band antenna 100 described, by setting the length of the feed loop 107 to 15 mm while varying its width between 0.8 mm and 1.4 mm in a step of 0.2 mm, it has been noted that increasing the width of the feed loop 107 results in an adaptation of the antenna 100 for lower operating frequencies. This is synonymous with an elongation of the loop equivalent to the supply loop 107 linked to the increase in its width.
  • a width of the feed loop 107 of approximately 0.5 mm is optimal for good adaptation (strictly less than -10 dB) according to a normalization impedance of 100 ohms for an antenna operating frequency between 6.3 GHz and 9 GHz.
  • Such a monopolar wire-plate antenna has an industrial application in the field of telecommunications where such an antenna can be manufactured and arranged within a radio frequency device as described above.
  • the radio frequency device described can be integrated into any type of object communicating.
  • the radio frequency device can be integrated into a smartphone worn on a person's belt to transmit via the antenna 100 a video stream to interactive glasses using an ultra-wideband link between 7 GHz and 9 GHz.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Claims (10)

  1. Draht-Patch-Monopolantenne (100), die auf einer mit λg bezeichneten Wellenlänge arbeitet und aufweist:
    - eine Grundplatte (101),
    - ein Dach (102), das in Abstand zur Grundplatte (101) angeordnet ist und Abmessungen strikt kleiner als λg/4 aufweist,
    - mindestens ein elektrisch leitendes Element (103a, 103b), das die Grundplatte (101) elektrisch mit dem Dach (102) verbindet,
    wobei die Antenne eine Versorgungsschleife (107) enthält, die im Wesentlichen orthogonal bezüglich der Grundplatte (101) angeordnet ist, wobei die Versorgungsschleife (107) offen ist, so dass sie zwei gegenüberliegende Längsenden (108, 109) aufweist, die so angeordnet sind, dass sie mit einer differentiellen Verbindung (201, 202) verbunden sind.
  2. Antenne (100) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen ausgeglichenen Wellenleiter (110) aufweist, wobei der ausgeglichene Wellenleiter (110) einen ersten elektrischen Leiter (111) und einen zweiten elektrischen Leiter (112) aufweist, wobei der erste elektrische Leiter (111) mit einem der Längsenden (108) der Versorgungsschleife (107) verbunden und der zweite elektrische Leiter (112) mit dem anderen der Längsenden (109) der Versorgungsschleife (107) verbunden ist.
  3. Antenne (100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist:
    • einen ersten Teil (1071) distal zur Grundplatte (101),
    • einen zweiten Teil (1072) proximal zur Grundplatte (101),
    • einen dritten Teil (1073), der die ersten und zweiten Teile (1071, 1072) verbindet,
    • wobei die Längsenden (108, 109) entgegengesetzt zum dritten Teil (1073) angeordnet sind.
  4. Antenne (100) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist:
    • einen vierten Teil (1074), der aufweist:
    ◆ einen ersten Abschnitt (1074a), der sich vom ersten Teil (1071) der Versorgungsschleife (107) erstreckt, wobei dieser erste Abschnitt (1074a) eines der Längsenden (108) der Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist, und
    ◆ einen zweiten Abschnitt (1074b), der sich vom zweiten Teil (1072) der Versorgungsschleife (107) erstreckt, wobei dieser zweite Abschnitt (1074b) das andere der Längsenden (109) der Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist, oder
    • einen vierten Teil (1074), der sich vom ersten Teil (1071) erstreckt und eines der Längsenden (108) der Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist, wobei der zweite Teil (1072) das andere der Längsenden (109) der Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist, oder
    • einen vierten Teil (1074), der sich vom zweiten Teil (1072) erstreckt und eines der Längsenden (109) der Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist, wobei der erste Teil (1071) das andere der Längsenden (108) der Versorgungsschleife (107) aufweist.
  5. Antenne (100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Teil der Versorgungsschleife (107) von einem Abschnitt des Dachs (102) gebildet wird, oder dass die Versorgungsschleife (107) sich in Abstand zum Dach (102) befindet, oder dass die Versorgungsschleife (107) mit dem Dach (102) in Kontakt ist.
  6. Antenne (100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versorgungsschleife (107) beim Betrieb der Antenne (100) zwei Erregungsbereiche (Z1, Z2) der Antenne (100) aufweist, in denen die Ströme in Phase sind und im Wesentlichen orthogonal bezüglich der Grundplatte (101) fließen.
  7. Antenne (100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antenne (100) eine Breitbandantenne ist, für die die Versorgungsschleife (107) eine Länge zwischen ihren zwei gegenüberliegenden Längsenden (108, 109) aufweist, die zwischen λg/3 und λg/1,6 liegt.
  8. Antenne (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antenne (100) eine Schmalbandantenne ist, für die die Versorgungsschleife (107) eine Länge zwischen ihren zwei gegenüberliegenden Längsenden (108, 109) aufweist, die zwischen λg/3,7 und λg/3,5 liegt.
  9. Funkfrequenzvorrichtung (1000), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Draht-Patch-Monopolantenne (100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche und einen Funkfrequenztransmitter (200) mit differentieller Verbindung aufweist, die mit der Versorgungsschleife (107) verbunden ist.
  10. Funkfrequenzvorrichtung (1000) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • die differentielle Verbindung des Funkfrequenztransmitters (200) erste und zweite Anschlussklemmen (201, 202) aufweist,
    • die Antenne (100) einen ausgeglichenen Wellenleiter (110) aufweist, wobei der ausgeglichene Wellenleiter (110) erste und zweite elektrische Leiter (111, 112) aufweist,
    • der erste elektrische Leiter (111) einerseits mit einem der Längsenden (108) der Versorgungsschleife (107) und andererseits mit der ersten Anschlussklemme (201) verbunden ist, und
    • der zweite elektrische Leiter (112) einerseits mit dem anderen der Längsenden (109) der Versorgungsschleife (107) und andererseits mit der zweiten Anschlussklemme (202) verbunden ist.
EP19219115.3A 2018-12-21 2019-12-20 Monopol-drahtplattenantenne für differentiellen anschluss Active EP3671955B1 (de)

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US10367259B2 (en) * 2017-01-12 2019-07-30 Arris Enterprises Llc Antenna with enhanced azimuth gain

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FR2709878B1 (fr) 1993-09-07 1995-11-24 Univ Limoges Antenne fil-plaque monopolaire.
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US20200365994A1 (en) 2020-11-19

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