EP3661674A1 - Procédé pour la fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un outil d'usinage abrasif - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un outil d'usinage abrasif

Info

Publication number
EP3661674A1
EP3661674A1 EP18740869.5A EP18740869A EP3661674A1 EP 3661674 A1 EP3661674 A1 EP 3661674A1 EP 18740869 A EP18740869 A EP 18740869A EP 3661674 A1 EP3661674 A1 EP 3661674A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metallic powder
powder material
machining
segment
hard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18740869.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marcel Sonderegger
Matthias Mueller
Heiko Schaefer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP3661674A1 publication Critical patent/EP3661674A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
    • B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing a
  • Abrasive machining tools such as drill bits, saw blades and grinding wheels, comprise machining segments which are fastened to a tubular or disk-shaped base body, wherein the machining segments are connected to the base body, for example by welding, soldering or gluing. Depending on the machining process of the abrasive machining tool, the machining segments are called
  • Drilling segments, saw segments or abrasive segments called and summarized under the term "machining segments”.
  • Processing segments have a processing zone, which is composed of a metallic powder material and hard material particles.
  • the processing of a substrate is carried out by means of the hard material particles which are distributed in the metallic powder material.
  • Machining segments that are to be welded to the tubular or disc-shaped base body of the abrasive machining tool are from the
  • the neutral zone is constructed of a metallic powder material, which is different from the metallic powder material of the processing zone;
  • the neutral zone is usually free from
  • the neutral zone is necessary because the metallic powder materials that are usually used for the construction of the processing zone, are usually difficult to weld.
  • EP 0 925 378 B1 describes a known process for the preparation of
  • the processing segments are constructed of a metallic powder material and hard material particles, wherein the metallic powder material and the hard material particles are mixed and the hard particles are arranged in the metallic powder material randomly distributed.
  • the mixture of metallic powder material and randomly distributed hard material particles is filled into a mold and compacted under pressure into a compact, wherein the compact is compressed to the final geometry of the machining segment. The compact is then finished by pressureless sintering
  • the compact is also called compacted green
  • the compact is produced by cold pressing with pressing pressures between 320 and 1500 MPa, in particular with pressing pressures between 400 and 850 MPa, and in the following sintering process by pressureless sintering with temperatures between 900 and 1300 ° C, in particular
  • the processing segments produced according to EP 0 925 378 B1 have a porosity between 10 and 25% by volume, with a porosity of 10% by volume of an average density of 90% of the
  • Machining segments is not suitable for producing economical machining segments with a porosity below 10% by volume.
  • the known method has the
  • Hard material particles that protrude from the surface of the compacted greenware can damage the mold when compacting the greenware into the final geometry.
  • press pressures above 850 MPa the tool molds are subject to increased wear, which increases the tooling costs in the production and the production of the
  • the compression pressures must be reduced, the Machining segments by reducing the compression pressures below 850 MPa lower average densities and thus have a higher porosity.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a method for producing a processing segment, wherein the porosity of the finished
  • Machining segment is less than 10% by volume, the machining segments are produced as inexpensively and gently as possible tool.
  • Material layers of the first metallic powder material and particle layers of the hard material particles is produced, wherein the hard particles of a particle layer are placed in the previously applied material layer of the first metallic powder material.
  • the hard material particles By placing the hard material particles in the material layers of the first metallic powder material, the hard material particles can be arranged exclusively in the interior of the green body, so that no hard material particles come into contact with the tool mold when compacting the green body into the final geometry of the processing segment.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that when compacting the green compacts under pressure no deterioration of the molds by protruding hard particles occurs. Since the hard material particles are arranged exclusively in the interior of the green body, high compression pressures can be used during compaction, which compact the green compacts into the final geometry. High compression pressures allow the production of
  • Machining segments with an average density above 90% of the theoretical density and a porosity below 10% by volume.
  • green compacts are built up in layers, in the second section, the green compacts are compressed under pressure substantially in the final geometry of the processing segments (compacts) and in the third section, the
  • the pressure on the Achieve green compacts are, for example, cold pressing or
  • Hot pressing process In cold pressing, the green compacts are exposed to pressure only, while the green compacts are exposed in hot pressing next to the pressure of a temperature exposure up to temperatures of 200 ° C.
  • the compacts are sintered under the influence of temperature at a sintering temperature to finished processing segments. When sintering, the strength of the
  • Machining segments increased by diffusion processes in the surface region of the powder particles and by formation of so-called sintering necks and a used
  • Pressing aids are burned out. Sintering takes place without pressure and free of form, whereby pressure-free means that the sintering process takes place without pressure, and shape-free means that the sintering process takes place without a mold.
  • the inventive method for producing a processing segment is suitable for metallic powder materials and hard particles.
  • metallic powder materials includes all metallic materials that are solid in the initial state and are made of loose, i. unconnected, powder grains exist.
  • Metallic powder materials may consist of a material powder or be composed as a mixture of different material powders.
  • the method usually consists of a base powder to which the pressing aids and additives are admixed, the additives serving to optimize the properties of the first metallic powder material with regard to the strength and the wear rate of the machining segments.
  • the base powder may consist of a base material or be composed of several base materials.
  • the term "hard material particles" includes all cutting means for machining segments
  • Hard materials are characterized by a special hardness. Hard materials can be subdivided into natural and synthetic hard materials and metallic and non-metallic hard materials.
  • the natural hard materials include, among others, natural diamonds, corundum and other hard minerals and the synthetic hard materials include synthetic diamonds, high melting carbides, borides, nitrides and silicides.
  • the metallic hard materials include, among others, the refractory carbides, borides, nitrides and silicides of the transition metals of the fourth to sixth group of the periodic table and the non-metallic hard materials include diamond, corundum, other hard minerals, silicon carbide and boron carbide.
  • the processing zone is made of N material layers of the first metallic powder material and M particle layers of the hard material particles, the number N of the material layers being greater than or equal to the number M of the particle layers.
  • Hard material particles are arranged in M particle layers, each particle layer having a defined setting pattern for the hard material particles.
  • the setting patterns of the particle layers and the number of hard particles in the particle layers are usually at the
  • the distance between the particle layers of the hard material particles is set via the number N and the thickness of the material layers of the first metallic powder material. When working on different substrates, it may be helpful to adjust the distance between the particle layers of the hard particles to the substrate to be worked.
  • the hard material particles of a particle layer with a lateral distance greater than 50 ⁇ m are particularly preferably placed in the previously applied material layer of the first metallic powder material.
  • Machining segment no hard particles come into contact with the mold. Since the hard material particles are arranged exclusively in the interior of the green body, high compression pressures can be used during compaction, which compact the green body into the final geometry with an average density of more than 90% of the theoretical density and a porosity of less than 10% by volume. The production of the processing segments also takes place at
  • a further material layer of the first metallic powder material as cover layer.
  • a further layer of material of the first metallic powder material ensures that protrude at the top of the green body no hard particles that could damage the mold during compression of the green compact under pressure.
  • the production of the processing segments also takes place at pressing pressures of more than 850 MPa.
  • the green compact is pressurized with a
  • Compressing pressure between 850 MPa and 1 .250 MPa compacted to compact The properties of the first metallic powder material are selected so that the green compact is compressible at a pressure between 850 MPa and 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ of at least 90% of the theoretical density 5th of the first metallic powder material. at an average density ⁇ of at least 90% of the theoretical density 5th, the porosity of the machining segment is less than 10% by volume.
  • the compact is sintered under the action of temperature at a sintering temperature between 900 ° C and 1 .050 ° C to the finished processing segment.
  • the properties of the first metallic powder material are chosen so that the compact can be sintered at a sintering temperature between 900 ° C and 1 .050 ° C.
  • the first metallic powder material is composed of a base powder, a pressing aid and additives, the additives serving to optimize the properties of the first metallic powder material with regard to the strength and wear rate of the machining segments. This is in particular a
  • the sintering temperature is chosen so that the metal sulfide used is in the liquid phase at the selected sintering temperature, i. the sintering temperature is above the melting temperature of the metal sulfide used.
  • Machining segments which are produced by means of the method according to the invention are constructed from the first metallic powder material and hard material particles. The processing takes place by means of the hard material particles whose distribution in the processing segment is adapted to the substrate to be processed. In order to ensure the distribution of the hard material particles, the hard material particles must be placed sufficiently precisely in the material layers, the positions of the placed hard material particles must during the
  • values for the strength of the finished machining segment and the wear rate of the sintered first metallic powder material can be derived.
  • a metallic powder material which is at least slightly fluid is used as the first metallic powder material.
  • a metallic powder material is used, which is free flowing.
  • An at least slightly flowing first metallic powder material is suitable for the layered structure of the green compact in the context of the method according to the invention. The higher the flowability of the first metallic powder material, the better the first metallic powder material is suitable for the layered structure of the green body of several material layers and particle layers in the context of the inventive method for producing a processing segment.
  • the fluidity of metallic powder materials is determined according to the standard ISO 4490 with the aid of a calibrated test funnel, which is referred to as Hall Flowmeter.
  • a metallic powder material is said to be easily flowing when an amount of the metallic powder material of 50 g passes through a Hall Flowmeter with a discharge opening of 5.0 mm without external impulse.
  • a metallic powder material is said to be free-flowing when an amount of the metallic powder material of 50 g is a hall
  • a metallic powder material is used as the first metallic powder material, which has a maximum particle size of 200 ⁇ .
  • Metallic powder materials with a maximum grain size of 200 ⁇ allow accurate placement of the
  • Material layers can be placed in the order of magnitude of the grain size, the required accuracy in placing the hard material particles can be achieved with the first metallic powder material used.
  • a metallic powder material is used as the first metallic powder material, which is compressible at a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ greater than 90% of the theoretical density 5th
  • the theoretical density 5th of the first metallic powder material is calculated from the specific gravities pi and den
  • Particularly preferred as the first metallic powder material is a metallic
  • Powder material is used, which is compressible at a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ greater than 93% of the theoretical density 5th.
  • the porosity ⁇ is
  • Machining segments is, the better the hard particles are held in the sintered first metallic powder material.
  • a metallic powder material is used as the first metallic powder material, which is free-flowing, having a maximum particle size of 200 ⁇ and at a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ greater than 90% of the theoretical density 5th is compressible.
  • a first metallic powder material with the mentioned properties (flowability, maximum grain size and compressibility) enables the production of machining segments that support the
  • the layered structure of the green body of material layers requires an at least slightly flowing first metallic powder material.
  • the use of powder grains having a maximum particle size of 200 ⁇ m ensures that the hard material particles can be placed with sufficient accuracy in the previously applied material layer.
  • a first metallic powder material which is compressible with a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ of at least 90% of the theoretical density 5th, is suitable for the production of machining segments with a porosity of less than 10% by volume.
  • the first metallic used in the process according to the invention is the first metallic used in the process according to the invention
  • Powder material differs in the properties mentioned of metallic powder materials that are distributed during hot pressing of green compacts with static
  • Hard material particles and hot pressing of layered green bodies are used.
  • an at least slightly flowing metallic powder material is needed.
  • metallic powder materials are pretreated by dry or wet granulation.
  • Metallic powder materials pretreated by dry granulation or wet granulation generally have the disadvantage that these metallic powder materials can only be compressed to a mean density ⁇ of at least 90% of the theoretical density 5th with pressing pressures greater than 1 .250 MPa.
  • the first metallic powder material used is a metallic powder material containing at least 80% by weight of an elemental or low-alloyed iron powder.
  • a powder is referred to as a low alloy powder when the alloying ingredients are below 5 mass%.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce machining segments from cost-effective metallic powder materials which do not require complex pretreatment, for example by dry or wet granulation, and nevertheless fulfill the stated requirements for the production of machining segments.
  • a base powder for the first metallic powder material is, for example, the prealloyed iron powder Astaloy Mo Höganäs, which is pre-alloyed with 1, 5% molybdenum.
  • the iron powder Astaloy Mo is free-flowing, has a maximum particle size of 200 ⁇ and is with a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ of
  • the first metallic powder material is a metallic
  • the strength and wear rate of the machining segments can be adjusted by the addition of a metal sulfide.
  • Metal sulfides such as molybdenum sulfide, bismuth sulfide, etc., provide a loosening of the first metallic powder material and adjust the rate of wear of the machining segments.
  • the sintering temperature at which the compact is sintered to the finished processing segment in the context of the method according to the invention is in particular between 900 ° C. and 1 .050 ° C. Since the melting temperature of the metal sulfide is below the sintering temperature, the metal sulfide is present in the liquid phase during sintering. Due to the liquid phase of the metal sulfide, the metal sulfide can be distributed more homogeneously in the processing zone of the processing segment.
  • the green compact is removed from the
  • Powder material is different from the first metallic powder material.
  • Machining segments which are to be welded to the tubular or disc-shaped base body of the abrasive machining tool, consist of a processing zone and a neutral zone, wherein the processing zone of a first metallic powder material and the neutral zone of a second metallic
  • the first metallic powder material is selected in view of the machining properties of the machining segments, and the second metallic powder material is selected in view of weldability.
  • a metallic powder material which is at least slightly fluid is used as the second metallic powder material.
  • a metallic powder material is used, which is free flowing.
  • An at least slightly flowing second metallic powder material is suitable for the layered construction of the neutral zone in the context of the method according to the invention. The higher the flowability of the second metallic powder material, the better the second metallic powder material for the layered construction of the neutral zone in
  • a metallic powder material is used as the second metallic powder material, which at a maximum pressure of 1250 MPa to an average density ⁇ greater than 90% of the theoretical density 5th is compressible.
  • the porosity ⁇ of the neutral zone of the machining segments is less than 10% by volume. The lower the porosity of the neutral zone of the processing segments, the higher the breakout strength of the processing segments and thus the robustness of the processing tools.
  • a second metallic powder material is a metallic
  • Powder material is used, which is compressible at a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ greater than 93% of the theoretical density 5th.
  • the porosity ⁇ is
  • FIGS. 1 A, B designed as a drill bit first embodiment of an abrasive
  • FIG 1A Machining tool
  • FIG 1 B abrasive machining tool
  • FIGS. 2A-C illustrate a machining segment of the drill bit of FIG. 1 A in one view on one
  • FIG. 2A In a view of a Inside the machining segment (FIG 2B) and in a section along the section line AA in FIG. 2B (FIG.2C);
  • FIGS. 3A-C show a machining segment of the saw blade of FIG. 1 B in one
  • FIG 3A 3-dimensional view of the machining segment
  • FIG. 3B 3-dimensional view of the machining segment
  • FIG. 3C 3-dimensional view of the machining segment
  • FIGS. 4A-C show a processing segment as a green compact (FIG. 4A), as a compact (FIG. 4B) and as a finished processing segment (FIG. 4C); and
  • FIG. FIG. 5 shows the material layers and particle layers from which the green compact of FIG. 4A is produced in layers.
  • FIGS. 1A, B show a first and second embodiment of an abrasive
  • FIG. FIG. 1A shows the first embodiment of an abrasive machining tool designed as a drill bit 10, and FIG. 1 B formed as a saw blade 20 second embodiment of an abrasive machining tool.
  • the drill bit 10 comprises a plurality of processing segments 11, a tubular
  • the processing segments 1 1 for the drill bit 10 are also referred to as drill segments 1 1 and the tubular
  • Base 12 is also referred to as a drill stem.
  • the drill bit 10 is connected via the tool holder 13 with a core drill and in the drilling of the
  • the drill bit 10 is moved along a feed direction 16 in a workpiece to be machined, wherein the feed direction 16 is parallel to the axis of rotation 15.
  • the drill bit 10 generates a core and a hole in the workpiece to be machined.
  • the drill shank 12 is in the embodiment of FIG. 1A integrally formed and the
  • Drill segments 1 1 are firmly connected to the drill shaft 12.
  • the drill shaft may be formed in two parts from a first drill shaft section and a second drill shaft section, wherein the drill segments 1 1 fixed to the first Bohrschaftabêt and the tool holder 13 is fixedly connected to the second Bohrschaftabterrorism.
  • the first and second drill shank portions are connected to each other via a releasable connection means.
  • the detachable connection device is designed, for example, as a plug-in rotary connection as described in EP 2 745 965 A1 or EP 2 745 966 A1.
  • the formation of the drill shank as a one-piece or two-piece drill shank has no effect on the structure or the composition of the Bohrsegmente 1 1.
  • the drill segments 1 1 are fixedly connected to the drill shaft 12, for example by screwing, gluing, soldering or welding. In order to weld the drill segments 1 1 to the drill shank 12, the drill segments 1 1 must be made at least in the contact area to the drill shank 12 from a material which is easily weldable. Since many metallic powder materials that are used for the production of machining segments are poorly weldable materials, a two-part construction of the
  • the saw blade 20 includes a plurality of processing segments 21, a disc-shaped base body 22 and a tool holder 23.
  • the processing segments 21 for the saw blade 20 are also referred to as shegesegmente and the disc-shaped
  • Base 22 is also referred to as a master sheet.
  • the saw blade 20 is connected via the tool holder 23 with a saw and driven in sawing operation by the saw in a rotational direction 24 about a rotation axis 25. During the rotation of the saw blade 20 about the axis of rotation 25, the saw blade 20 is moved along a feed direction 26, wherein the feed direction 26 is parallel to the longitudinal plane. The saw blade 20 generates a saw slot in the workpiece to be machined.
  • the saw segments 21 are firmly connected to the master blade 22, for example by screwing, gluing, soldering or welding. In order to weld the sawing segments 21 to the master blade 22, the sawing segments 21 must be made, at least in the area of contact with the master blade 22, of a readily weldable material. Since many metallic powder materials that are used for the production of machining segments are poorly weldable materials, a two-part construction of the
  • Machining segments established from a processing zone and a neutral zone.
  • a metallic powder material with good welding properties is used for the neutral zone.
  • the drill segments 1 1 of the drill bit 10 and the sawing segments 21 of the saw blade 20 are by means of the inventive method for producing a
  • machining segments covers all machining segments for abrasive machining tools. Examples of abrasive machining tools are drill bits, saw blades and
  • Designated abrasive segments All machining segments for abrasive Processing tools can be produced by means of the method according to the invention; the sequence of process steps is identical for all processing segments.
  • the strength and wear rate of the machining segments is set by the selection of the metallic powder material and adapted primarily to the substrate to be processed and the hard material particles used.
  • FIGS. 2A-C show the drill segment 1 1 of the drill bit 10 of FIG. 1A is a view of an outer side of the drill segment 11 (FIG. 2A), an inner side view of the drill segment 11 (FIG. 2B) and a section along the section line A-A in FIG. 2B (FIG.2C).
  • FIGS. 2A-C show the drill segment 1 1 of the drill bit 10 of FIG. 1A is a view of an outer side of the drill segment 11 (FIG. 2A), an inner side view of the drill segment 11 (FIG. 2B) and a section along the section line A-A in FIG. 2B (FIG.2C).
  • the drill segment 1 1 of the drill bit 10 forms a first embodiment of a processing segment, which by means of the method according to the invention
  • Production of a processing segment is produced.
  • the drill segment 1 1 Since the drill segment 1 1 is welded to the drill shaft 12, the drill segment 1 1 is composed of a processing zone 31 and a neutral zone 32, which are materially connected by sintering. In drilling segments, which are connected for example by soldering to the drill shank 12, the neutral zone 32 can be omitted.
  • Processing zone 31 is made of a first metallic powder material 33 and
  • Hard material particles 34 produced and the neutral zone 32 is made of a second metallic powder material 35, wherein the neutral zone 32 is free of hard material particles 35.
  • the first metallic powder material 33 is in particular with regard to
  • Properties of the drill segment 1 such as strength, wear resistance and
  • the second metallic powder material 35 is selected in particular with regard to good weldability with the drill shank 12. Since no metallic powder materials are known which achieve the desired properties of the drill segment 1 1 and at the same time are well weldable, the first metallic powder material 33 and the second metallic powder material 35 differ in composition from each other.
  • FIGS. 3A-C show the saw segment 21 of the saw blade 20 of FIG. 1 B in a three-dimensional view of the saw segment 21 (FIG.3A), in a view of a first side of the saw segment 21 (FIG.3B) and in a view of a second side of the saw segment 21 (FIG.3C).
  • the saw segment 21 of the saw blade 20 forms a second embodiment of a processing segment which is produced by means of the method according to the invention for producing a processing segment. Since the saw segment 21 is welded to the main body 22, the saw segment 21 is made up of a processing zone 41 and a neutral zone 42, which are bonded by sintering. In saw segments, which are connected, for example, by soldering to the base body 22, the neutral zone 42 can be omitted.
  • Processing zone 41 is made of a first metallic powder material 43 and
  • Hard material particles 44 produced and the neutral zone 42 is made of a second metallic powder material 45, wherein the neutral zone 42 is free of hard material particles 44.
  • the first metallic powder material 43 is particularly in view of
  • Holding capacity of the hard material particles, selected and the second metallic powder material 45 is selected in particular with regard to good weldability with the base body 22. Since no metallic powder materials are known which achieve the desired properties of the saw segment 21 and at the same time are weldable well, the first metallic powder material 43 and the second metallic powder material 45 differ in composition from one another.
  • FIGS. 4A-C show a processing segment, which by means of the invention
  • a method for producing a processing segment is produced.
  • FIG. 4A shows a green compact 51 according to a first part of the three-part method
  • FIG. 4B one
  • FIG. 4C shows a finished processing segment 53 according to a third part of the three-part method.
  • Machining segment 53 the drill segment 1 1 for the drill bit 10 of FIG. 1A, the saw segment 21 for the saw blade 20 of FIG. 1 B or any machining segment for an abrasive machining tool.
  • the processing segment 53 is provided with a tubular or disc-shaped
  • the processing segment 53 must be made at least in the contact area to the base body of a good weldable material. Since many metallic powder materials, which are used for the production of machining segments are poorly weldable materials, there is a two-part design of the
  • Machining segment 53 from a processing zone 54 and a neutral zone 55, wherein the processing zone 54 and neutral zone 55 are materially connected by sintering.
  • Neutral zone 55 of the green body 51 layer by layer of material layers of a first and second metallic powder material 56, 57 and particle layers of hard material particles 58 constructed, wherein the material layers and particle layers are stacked in a construction direction 59.
  • the layered structure green compact 51 is compressed under pressure with a pressing pressure to the compact 52 and formed into the final geometry of the processing segment 53.
  • the compact 52 is sintered under the influence of temperature at a sintering temperature Tsinter to the finished processing segment 53.
  • Machining segment 53 is formed into the final geometry at a compression pressure of 1.200 MPa and sintered at a sintering temperature Tsinter of 975 ° C for 30 minutes.
  • the first metallic powder material 56 consists for example of 91, 5 mass%
  • Iron powder 5 mass% bronze (copper-tin), 3 mass% bismuth sulfide and 0.5 mass% carbon, in addition, a pressing aid is used.
  • the second metallic one 5 mass% bronze (copper-tin), 3 mass% bismuth sulfide and 0.5 mass% carbon, in addition, a pressing aid is used.
  • Powder material 57 consists for example of 99.8% by mass of iron powder and 0.2% by mass of carbon, in addition a pressing aid is used.
  • iron powder for the first and second metallic powder material 56 57 is for example Astaloy Mo Höganäs, a prealloyed iron powder with 1, 5 mass% molybdenum.
  • the first metallic powder material 56 and the second metallic powder material 57 have the advantage that they contain at least 80% by mass of an iron powder, which is available at low cost and enable the cost-effective production of processing segments in the context of the inventive method.
  • the properties of the first metallic powder material 56 are selected so that the green body 51 is compressible at a pressure between 850 MPa and 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ of at least 90% of the theoretical density 5th of the first metallic powder material 56. At an average density ⁇ of at least 90% of the theoretical density 5th, the porosity of the processing segment 53 is less than 10% by volume.
  • a metallic powder material is used, which is free-flowing, which has a maximum particle size of 200 ⁇ and at a
  • a first metallic powder material 56 with the mentioned properties (flowability, maximum grain size and compressibility) enables the production of machining segments that meet the requirements with regard to the strength of the finished machining segment 53 and the wear rate of the sintered first metallic powder material 56.
  • the layered structure of the green body 51 of material layers requires an at least slightly flowing first metallic
  • Powder material 56 The use of powder grains with a maximum particle size of 200 ⁇ m ensures that the hard particles are sufficiently precisely in the previously applied Material layer can be placed.
  • a first metallic powder material which is compressible with a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ of at least 90% of the theoretical density 5th, is suitable for the production of
  • the properties of the second metallic powder material 57 are selected with regard to weldability.
  • a metallic powder material is used as the second metallic powder material 57, which is at least slightly fluid and which is compressible at a maximum pressure of 1 .250 MPa to an average density ⁇ greater than 90% of the theoretical density 5th
  • Particularly preferred is as the second metallic powder material 57
  • Powder material 57 a metallic powder material used, which is free-flowing.
  • An at least slightly flowing second metallic powder material 57 is suitable for the layered construction of the neutral zone 55 in the context of the method according to the invention.
  • the porosity ⁇ of the neutral zone 55 of the processing segments 53 is less than 10% by volume.
  • FIG. 5 shows the material layers of the first and second metallic powder materials 56, 57 and the particle layers of the hard material particles 58, from which the green body 51 is produced in layers.
  • a first material layer 61 -1 which has a first layer thickness di in the construction direction 59, forms the underside of the green body 51 and is also referred to as the lower cover layer.
  • Powder material 56, 57 is a first particle layer 62-1 of the hard material particles 58th
  • Layer thickness 62 is applied to the first particle layer 62-1.
  • a second particle layer 62-2 of the hard material particles 58 is arranged on the second material layer 61 -2 of the first and second metallic powder material 56, 57.
  • a third material layer 61 -3 which has a third layer thickness d3 in the direction of construction 59, becomes the second one
  • Particle layer 62-2 applied.
  • a third particle layer 62-3 of the hard material particles 58 is arranged on the third material layer 61 -3 of the first and second metallic powder material 56, 57.
  • a fourth material layer 61 -4 which has a fourth layer thickness d 4 in the construction direction 59, forms the upper side of the green body 51 and is also referred to as upper cover layer.
  • the hard material particles 58 of the first, second and third particle layers 62-1, 62-2, 62-3 are arranged in the interior of the green body 51 and the surface of the green body 51 has no protruding hard material particles 58.
  • the hard material particles 58 of the first particle layer 62-1, the second particle layer 62-2 and the third particle layer 62-3 are arranged in setting patterns.
  • the setting pattern of the first particle layer 62-1 coincides with the setting pattern of the third particle layer 62-3
  • the setting pattern of the second particle layer 62-2 is perpendicular to the setting patterns of the first and third particle layers 62-1, 62-3 in a plane shifted to the mounting direction 59.
  • the longitudinal and transverse lines are straight and are arranged at right angles to each other.
  • circle segments may be used as longitudinal lines arranged parallel or concentric with each other, and / or the transverse lines may be inclined at an angle to the longitudinal lines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé pour la fabrication d'un segment opératoire, dans lequel une ébauche (51) est construite à partir d'une zone d'usinage (54), la zone d'usinage (54) étant fabriquée à partir d'une première matière pulvérulente métallique (56) et de particules dures (58), l'ébauche (51) est compactée en une pièce moulée sous l'action d'une pression et la pièce moulée est frittée pour former le segment opératoire fini sous l'action de la température de frittage, la zone d'usinage (54) étant fabriquée par l'application par couches de couches de matière de la première matière pulvérulente métallique (56) et de couches de particules des particules dures (58), les particules dures (58) d'une couche de particules étant placées dans la couche de matière de la première matière pulvérulente métallique (56) préalablement appliquée.
EP18740869.5A 2017-08-01 2018-07-24 Procédé pour la fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un outil d'usinage abrasif Pending EP3661674A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17184200.8A EP3437761A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Procédé de fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un petit outillage abrasif
PCT/EP2018/069979 WO2019025229A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2018-07-24 Procédé pour la fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un outil d'usinage abrasif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3661674A1 true EP3661674A1 (fr) 2020-06-10

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17184200.8A Withdrawn EP3437761A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Procédé de fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un petit outillage abrasif
EP18740869.5A Pending EP3661674A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2018-07-24 Procédé pour la fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un outil d'usinage abrasif

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17184200.8A Withdrawn EP3437761A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Procédé de fabrication d'un segment opératoire pour un petit outillage abrasif

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US11819918B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3437761A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019025229A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5203880B1 (en) * 1992-07-24 1995-10-17 Ultimate Abrasive Syst Inc Method and apparatus for making abrasive tools
JP2896749B2 (ja) * 1994-12-16 1999-05-31 イーグル工業株式会社 掘削用ビット及びその製造方法
WO1998010110A1 (fr) 1996-09-04 1998-03-12 Amic Industries Limited Fabrication d'un produit abrasif lie par un metal
US6679243B2 (en) * 1997-04-04 2004-01-20 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making
EP1231288B1 (fr) * 1999-10-29 2010-04-14 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Matiere composite contenant des particules ultra-dures
KR100428947B1 (ko) * 2001-09-28 2004-04-29 이화다이아몬드공업 주식회사 다이아몬드 공구
US20050210755A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-09-29 Cho Hyun S Doubled-sided and multi-layered PCBN and PCD abrasive articles
US8300760B2 (en) * 2005-12-29 2012-10-30 Neucon Technology, Llc Compressed powder composite neutron absorber material
KR100839518B1 (ko) * 2007-01-26 2008-06-19 신한다이아몬드공업 주식회사 다이아몬드 공구 및 그 제조방법
US8790439B2 (en) * 2008-06-02 2014-07-29 Kennametal Inc. Composite sintered powder metal articles
EP2745965A1 (fr) 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Trépan doté d'une section de coupe interchangeable
EP2745966A1 (fr) 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Trépan doté d'une section de coupe interchangeable
EP3037230A1 (fr) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-29 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une bague de forage fermée pour une couronne de carottage
GB201523151D0 (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-02-17 Element Six Uk Ltd Super hard constructions & methods of making same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019025229A1 (fr) 2019-02-07
US20210121961A1 (en) 2021-04-29
US11819918B2 (en) 2023-11-21
EP3437761A1 (fr) 2019-02-06

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