EP1992451A1 - Outil abrasif a concentration de grain elevee - Google Patents

Outil abrasif a concentration de grain elevee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1992451A1
EP1992451A1 EP07747781A EP07747781A EP1992451A1 EP 1992451 A1 EP1992451 A1 EP 1992451A1 EP 07747781 A EP07747781 A EP 07747781A EP 07747781 A EP07747781 A EP 07747781A EP 1992451 A1 EP1992451 A1 EP 1992451A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
abrasive grain
grinding tool
working part
grain
tool according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07747781A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1992451A4 (fr
Inventor
Sergey Ivanovich Sukhonos
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1992451A1 publication Critical patent/EP1992451A1/fr
Publication of EP1992451A4 publication Critical patent/EP1992451A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements

Definitions

  • the device relates to a grinding tool according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the tool made in this way can be used for cutting, drilling and grinding various materials and surfaces.
  • the grinding tool consists of a working part and a holder or an opening for inserting the holder, which is mounted in the central region.
  • the working part is made of the distributed on its circumference abrasive grain in metallically bonded form (usually diamond abrasive grain).
  • the grinding tools according to this device are all drills, cutters, grinding wheels and all other tools in which the working part has abrasive particles of the abrasive assigned.
  • the abrasives used to make the tool are solid particles (grain particles) various compositions: diamonds (natural and artificial), electrocorundum, corundum, silicon carbide, boron carbide and other substances known in the grinding industry with a particle size of 1 to 2000 ⁇ M.
  • Abrasive metal tools are known (copyright of the USSR No. 1703718 , Class C 25 D 5/02, 1989 and copyright of the USSR No. 1705052 , Class B 24 D 3/34, 1988.), which are produced by the electrochemical process or by sintering, including hot pressing of the powder starting materials in various protective media.
  • the technologies used for this purpose reduce the stability of the main parameters in mass production because of many switching factors. This leads, in a number of cases, to a reduction in the quality of the tools produced.
  • the abrasive grain of these tools is not precoated with metal. This metal would penetrate all superficial defects and pores of the abrasive grain and form a transition layer for the bonding metal. It also lacks the diffusion layer between the binder and the coating metal. All this reduces the retention of the grain in the working part and thus also the Abschleiffestmaschine.
  • a grinding tool (copyright of the USSR No. 2042499 , Class B 24 D 17/00, 1995), which contains a holder.
  • the holder is firmly connected to the working part.
  • the working part is made of a mixture of diamond grain and filler particles with a metallic binder.
  • the disadvantage of this tool is the loss of grinding properties when crumbling the diamond grain from the surface of the working part.
  • the Abschleiffesttechnik and the performance of the tool decreases when cavities and caverns are formed in the tool body by the crumbling.
  • the disadvantages of this method are also that the abrasive grain is premixed and compacted with the metallic binder.
  • this tool has lower abrasion resistance and performance than the tool of the invention.
  • the abrasive grain is not precoated with metal. This metal would penetrate all superficial defects and pores of the abrasive grain and form a transition layer for the bonding metal. It also lacks the diffusion layer between the binder and the coating metal. All this reduces the retention of the abrasive grain in the working part and thus also the wear resistance. Lowering the concentration by incorporating powder compounding and compacting reduces the performance of the tool.
  • the grinding wheels consist of the abrasive grain and the binder.
  • New is the fact that in addition to the binder hollow spherical particles are added in an amount of 40-50% of the volume occupied by the particles of the tool.
  • the abrasive grain in the compact state forms a dense packing and occupies 50-65% and the organic binder 35-50% of the tool volume.
  • the size of the abrasive grain in the roughing wheel is 1000-1600 ⁇ m and the size of the hollow spherical particles 50-80 ⁇ m, in the finish grinding wheel 400-500 ⁇ m and 20-25 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • the disadvantage of this tool is the fact that the organic binder does not have high strength, abrasion resistance and heat resistance. This reduces the abrasion resistance of the tool.
  • the abrasive grain has no diffusion bonding with the binder. It is mechanically fixed in the binder.
  • the spherical particles introduced into the organic binder are microdefects. These microdefects additionally weaken the bond strength of the binder.
  • the invention greatly limits the scope of use. It requires the use of abrasive particles with a limited size range of 1000 to 1600 microns. It is obvious that for fine boring, or for example for finish grinding, such granularity is not applicable. It is impossible to make thin-walled grinding drills and a tool with sharp and fine edges from such a mixture.
  • This tool contains a working part of a mixture of the diamond grain firmly bonded by means of metallic binder and of the particles of the filling compound which are comparable to the grain and distributed by volume. It contains a holder, which is mounted in the middle area of the working part. The holder has therein recesses for the accommodation of the diamond grain and / or the particles of the filling material. The bonding of the diamond grain to the metallic binder is carried out as a metallic film on the grain surface. The outer surface of the working part is uneven.
  • This tool is made from the abrasive particles and the metallic binder which occupies part of the tool volume. This reduces the abrasion resistance and performance of the tool.
  • the abrasive grain is not precoated with metal. The metal would penetrate all superficial defects and pores of the abrasive grain and form a transition layer for the metal of the binder. It also lacks the diffusion layer between the binder and the metal coating. All this reduces the gripping of the grain in the tool and consequently also the abrasion resistance.
  • the disadvantage of this tool and all known tools is also that the volume of the abrasive grain in metallically bound form at most 50% of the working part volume (see Fig. 1 ). In Fig.
  • the sintered diamond material contains 50-99.0% by volume of diamonds and the remainder is the binder phase.
  • the diamond material has excellent resistance to breakage, corrosion resistance, heat resistance as well as Abschleiffestmaschine and can be sintered under relatively low pressure and low temperature.
  • the binder phase is formed by a single or a mixed phase of the compound or of the mixture of at least one elemental substance of the Periodic Table with the phosphorus compound or from the above-described compound or the mixture with the oxide of the elemental material.
  • the elemental material is selected from Group IIIB, IVA and VIB rare earth elements, iron group metals, Mn, V, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
  • Disadvantage of this type and the type of binding of the abrasive is the fact that the binder according to the Russian Federation no. 2113531 fracture and cracking (as in Fig. 2 shown) is exposed because the abrasive grain is not completely and not uniformly coated with the binder. This results in abrasion / wear of the abrasive coating in the individual parts of the tool and in reducing the abrasion resistance of the tool as compared to the abrasive tool of the invention.
  • the disadvantages of the type of binding of the abrasive according to the Russian Federation Patent No. 2113531 belongs insufficiently sure holding of a grain.
  • the main requirement for increasing the abrasion resistance of each tool is a secure gripping of the grain.
  • the grain is preferably mechanically held in the binder. According to different estimates, it provides 5 to 10% of its durability.
  • the surface of the tool may have regular (for example, spiral) and irregular elevations of any height and configuration. These surveys ensure better removal of worn material, more efficient machining and better cooling conditions. In this case, the width of the elevations in the direction of the working surface to the size of an abrasive particle, which is used for the production of the tool, decrease. This makes it possible to create cutting tools from an abrasive grain. The firm diffuse adhesion of the grain in the tips of the elevations of the working part ensures a long-term work of the grain and prevents its rapid crumbling.
  • One of the embodiments of the tool provides that the tips of all abrasive grain particles are arranged on the surface at the same distance from the axis of rotation.
  • the rotating grinding tool can be performed with openings in the working part.
  • the openings may be both perpendicular and at different angles with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • a cylindrical cutter can, for. B. by means of openings in the direction of rotation and be designed by other openings in the opposite direction. This makes it possible to simultaneously discharge the mud through the first openings and to supply the coolant through the other openings.
  • the rotating grinding tool may have a multi-layered (in height) construction. The construction consists of several abrasive layers different in composition. Each fulfills its own processing.
  • a drill has the grain size of 200 ⁇ m and a Countersink one of 125 microns.
  • the manufacturing method consists in first pouring into the mold a precisely measured amount of the 200 ⁇ m grain and then casting a special composition. This composition forms a thin interlayer which prevents the layers from mixing during skimming and vibratory compaction of the second layer.
  • the cast intermediate layer forms a fine film which prevents mixing of the lower grain layer with the upper layer. In the course of heating the mold before sintering, this intermediate layer evaporates.
  • the grinding tool can have any required height of the fine intermediate layer or the wall, since the grain is first heaped up freely without pressing.
  • the pressing is always accompanied by a bow effect. This circumstance limits the ability to manufacture thin walls of high height.
  • the thickness of the layer or wall (h) may have a diameter of 3 grain particles (and more) and the height for the required design size.
  • This edge shape (about 3 diameter of the abrasive grain particle) prevents clogging of the surface, since the lateral Grain particles are torn off and the edge wins a pointed (to the thickness of a Kornteilchens) form.
  • a metallic and non-metallic support eg, composite or ceramic
  • the support surface has regular and non-regular protrusions and depressions of any dimensions and configurations and may be used as a closure fixture (eg dovetail (e.g. Fig. 5 ) to be appropriate.
  • the protrusions and depressions provide a larger contact surface and the closure attachment a higher mechanical and diffuse adhesion between the working part and the holder.
  • the surface of the holder can be performed with the predetermined unevenness.
  • the size of the unevenness is comparable to the size of the grain particles (slightly larger). This firstly ensures the enlargement of the contact surface and secondly additionally prevents the detachment of the working part from the holder in the course of the rotation, since the grain particles, which engage in the recesses, create a mechanical breakdown resistance.
  • a diffusion layer between the bonding metal and the support material is formed in the course of tool production. The layer formation is ensured by the selection of suitable substances and the procedure of production.
  • the abrasive grain with the above type of coating is provided by the applicant.
  • the grain appearance with different coating types is in Fig. 6 in which the coated abrasive grain 8 and the uncoated abrasive grain 1 (diamond in this case) are designated.
  • abrasive grain coating is used in the case where the abrasive grain surface has no cracks, pores, and defects.
  • a special technology for metal coating is used.
  • a diffusion layer is formed in the contact area of the metal with the abrasive grain surface, which ensures a firm adhesion through physicochemical bonds.
  • a further variant of the grinding tool provides that the binding metal fills all defects of the grain coated with the metal in such a way that a mechanical adherence of the covering layer to the abrasive grain is ensured.
  • the working surface of the tool may have various recesses and bumps which serve to better supply the coolant (including air) to the machining area and remove the worn material therefrom.
  • the elevations on the tool surface can have a shape which narrows after each circumferential line in the direction of the working surface and ends with a sharp edge. The edge thickness does not exceed 3 times the diameter of the abrasive grain of the main fraction forming the working part of the tool.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP07747781A 2006-02-14 2007-01-19 Outil abrasif a concentration de grain elevee Withdrawn EP1992451A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2006104283/02A RU2319601C2 (ru) 2006-02-14 2006-02-14 Абразивный инструмент повышенной концентрации зерен
PCT/RU2007/000021 WO2007094703A1 (fr) 2006-02-14 2007-01-19 Outil abrasif à concentration de grain élevée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1992451A1 true EP1992451A1 (fr) 2008-11-19
EP1992451A4 EP1992451A4 (fr) 2012-05-23

Family

ID=38371795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07747781A Withdrawn EP1992451A4 (fr) 2006-02-14 2007-01-19 Outil abrasif a concentration de grain elevee

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1992451A4 (fr)
RU (1) RU2319601C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007094703A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006020362A1 (de) * 2006-04-28 2007-10-31 Center For Abrasives And Refractories Research & Development C.A.R.R.D. Gmbh Schleifkorn auf Basis von geschmolzenem Kugelkorund
WO2010074671A1 (fr) * 2008-12-23 2010-07-01 Otis Elevator Company Contrôle d'usure et de frottement de câble métallique et interfaces de poulie à gorge
RU2607393C1 (ru) * 2015-08-04 2017-01-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение Институт физико-технических проблем Севера им. В.П. Ларионова Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук Способ получения композиционной алмазосодержащей матрицы с повышенным алмазоудержанием на основе твердосплавных порошковых смесей
EP3666462A1 (fr) 2016-04-11 2020-06-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Corps vert, meule et procédé de fabrication d'au moins un corps vert
RU2633861C1 (ru) * 2017-02-01 2017-10-18 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физико-технических проблем Севера им. В.П. Ларионова Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук Способ металлизации алмаза при спекании с пропиткой медью алмазосодержащей твердосплавной матрицы
RU2680119C2 (ru) * 2017-06-29 2019-02-15 Сергей Иванович Сухонос Абразивный инструмент с керамическими порообразователями (варианты)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5116568A (en) * 1986-10-20 1992-05-26 Norton Company Method for low pressure bonding of PCD bodies

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA704347B (en) * 1970-06-24 1971-09-29 De Beers Ind Diamond Diamond compacts
SU637244A1 (ru) * 1976-12-27 1978-12-15 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт природных алмазов и инструмента Способ изготовлени алмазного инструмента
JPS58223564A (ja) * 1982-05-10 1983-12-26 Toshiba Corp 砥石およびその製造法
RU2113531C1 (ru) * 1994-09-16 1998-06-20 Сумитомо Электрик Индастриз, Лтд. Алмазный спеченный материал, способ его производства и инструмент и абразивный порошок из него
RU2092302C1 (ru) * 1996-02-28 1997-10-10 Сухонос Сергей Иванович Абразивный инструмент

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5116568A (en) * 1986-10-20 1992-05-26 Norton Company Method for low pressure bonding of PCD bodies

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2007094703A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007094703A1 (fr) 2007-08-23
RU2006104283A (ru) 2007-09-10
EP1992451A4 (fr) 2012-05-23
RU2319601C2 (ru) 2008-03-20

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