EP3659747A1 - Machine-outil à main pourvue de moteur commuté de manière électronique et d'électronique intégrée - Google Patents

Machine-outil à main pourvue de moteur commuté de manière électronique et d'électronique intégrée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3659747A1
EP3659747A1 EP19215171.0A EP19215171A EP3659747A1 EP 3659747 A1 EP3659747 A1 EP 3659747A1 EP 19215171 A EP19215171 A EP 19215171A EP 3659747 A1 EP3659747 A1 EP 3659747A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric motor
electronically commutated
commutated electric
hand
electronics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19215171.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Schuele
Joachim Schadow
Manfred Lutz
Helmut Wanek
Cornelius Boeck
Joerg Maute
Florian Esenwein
Daniel BARTH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3659747A1 publication Critical patent/EP3659747A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B23/00Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/02Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with rotating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/028Angle tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25FCOMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand-held tractor with an electronically commutated electric motor and integrated electronics.
  • Hand-held power tools in particular angle slates with an electronically commutated electric motor and built-in electronics, are known from the prior art.
  • Handheld power tools of this type are available in various sizes and performance classes. The design is often difficult because, in particular, the geometric sizes of the components and the masses to be installed lead to ergonomically unfavorable hand tools.
  • Handheld power tools according to the invention with the features of the independent claims have the advantage of optimally designed ergonomics, manageability and user friendliness.
  • a motor drive unit advantageously has an electronically commutated electric motor.
  • electronically commutated electric motors In the case of electronically commutated electric motors, commutation takes place with the aid of electronics. As a result, electronically commutated electric motors have a longer service life and higher performance than electric motors whose commutation is carried out with the help of carbon brushes. By eliminating the carbon brushes, the wear of the electronically commutated electric motors is low.
  • a particularly ergonomic handheld power tool is obtained if the ratio of a weight of the handheld power tool M HWZM to the nominal power P N is optimally designed.
  • the nominal power is the power that is consumed during continuous operation of the hand tool and implemented in the hand tool.
  • the power output by the hand tool is one efficiency smaller.
  • the nominal power is therefore a measure of the performance of the hand tool.
  • An optimal weight of the hand-held power tool in relation to the nominal power results in operator fatigue-free work in the performance class of the hand-held power tool.
  • the ratio of the weight of the hand-held machine tool M HWZM to the nominal power P N is a maximum of 0.75 g / W * P N + 1200 g in a power range from 0 to 1200 W.
  • the ratio of the weight of the M HWZM hand tool to the nominal power should not exceed 2.2 * P N - 540 g.
  • the handheld power tool is thus optimally designed from an ergonomic point of view.
  • the ratio of the weight of the electronically commutated electric motor M EKM to the nominal power P N should not be greater than 0.8 g / W. It is particularly advantageous if it is between 0.8 g / W and 0.4 g / W. If the nominal power is greater than 600 W, the ratio of the weight of the electronically commutated electric motor to the nominal power should not exceed 0.3 g / W * PN + 300 g. It is particularly advantageous if it is between 0.3 g / W * P N + 300 g and 0.15 g / W * P N + 150 g.
  • the hand-held power tool is optimally designed with regard to the size, weight and center of gravity of the electronically commutated electric motor. From the ergonomic point of view, this means a high level of user friendliness for the operator.
  • the ratio of the Volume of the electronics to the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor should be at least 0.7, but a maximum of 1.6. Ratios between 0.7 and 1.6 are optimal with regard to the performance of the hand machine tool and the performance of the electronics that energize the electronically commutated electric motor.
  • the ratio of the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor to the nominal power does not exceed 100 mm 3 / W. This reduces installation space and material costs.
  • the handheld power tool according to the invention advantageously has an efficiency of between 65% and 97%, but especially between 65% and 90%.
  • the efficiency is calculated from the quotient of the power consumed and the power delivered to the spindle. In this area, there is an optimal handheld power tool in terms of performance and costs.
  • the electronics are able to supply the electromotive drive with the required power / current without overheating due to overload.
  • Another aspect with regard to the optimal design of the handheld power tool 10 lies in a ratio of a diameter of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 d motor to the diameter of the Grinding wheel disc d.
  • the diameter d motor of the electronically commutated electric motor is 22 ⁇ 0.27 * d disk + 10, but at most 0.37 * d disk + 5.
  • the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 V motor is optimally V motor ⁇ 0.014 * d disk 3 + 7500.
  • the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor (22) V motor should be a maximum of 0.019 * d disk 3 + 18000.
  • the ratio of a diameter of the handle to the nominal power P N is advantageously defined by at least 0.0125 mm / W * P N + 25 mm, but at most by 0.0215 mm / W * P N + 50 mm.
  • the operator can grasp the handle very well in the respective performance class. This enables the handheld power tool to be handled very easily in relation to its nominal output.
  • the electronically commutated electric motor is a brushless electric motor, the life and performance of the electric motor drive can be improved. By eliminating the carbon brushes required for commutation, the wear on the electrically commutated electric motors is low.
  • a device housing has a shape deviating from a cylinder. This allows the handheld power tool to be easily gripped. In addition, the space for elements such as internal cables and electronics is used effectively.
  • the handheld power tool 10 on which the invention is based is shown in Figure 1 shown as an angle grinder.
  • a handheld power tool 10 of this type has a drive unit 12 and a device housing 14.
  • the device housing 14 has a motor housing 16 and a gear housing 18.
  • the gear housing 18 houses a gear 20, which is an angular gear in this embodiment.
  • the drive unit 12 includes the transmission 20 and an electronically commutated electric motor 22.
  • the motor housing 16 is designed as a handle 24 and extends in a direction facing away from the gear housing 18. In another design, a handle can also connect to the motor housing.
  • a spindle 26 protrudes from the gear housing 18, on which a machining tool 28 can be fixed.
  • the machining tool 28 can be a grinding, cutting or polishing wheel.
  • the machining tool 28 is driven in rotation via the gear 20 by the electronically commutated electric motor 22.
  • Electronics 30 for energizing the electronically commutated electric motor 22 are arranged in the device housing 14.
  • electronics 30 are arranged in motor housing 16.
  • Motor lines 32 carry signals from the electronics 30 to the electronically commutated electric motor 22.
  • a switching element 34 which is located in the motor housing 16, switches the electronically commutated electric motor 22 on and / or off.
  • the switching element 34 is a mechanical switch with a pawl 36.
  • An optimal design with regard to handling the handheld power tool 10 is, as in Figure 2 shown, achieved in that the ratio of a weight of the handheld power tool 10 to the nominal power is optimally selected.
  • the weight of the handheld power tool 10 is shown above the nominal power.
  • the weight of the handheld power tool 10 results from a total weight of all components of the handheld power tool 10.
  • the weights of a power supply line 38, if present, the processing tool 28, a protective hood, a possibly used additional handle and / or other accessories are not taken into account.
  • the efficiency is calculated from the quotient of the nominal power to the line delivered on the spindle 28 in percent%. If the weight of the hand machine tool 10 is too great in relation to the nominal power, the hand machine tool 10 is difficult to hold in one hand of an operator.
  • An optimal ratio of the weight of the handheld power tool 10 M HWZM to its nominal power P N also depends on the power range in which the handheld power tool 10 is located. With a nominal power of up to 1200 W, the optimal ratio of the weight of the 10 M HWZM hand tool to its nominal power P N is a maximum of 0.75 g / W * P N + 1200 g. For rated powers that are above 1200 W, the optimal ratio of the weight of the handheld power tool 10 to its rated power is a maximum of 2.2 g / W * PN - 540 g. In all conditions that are above the specified conditions, the handheld power tool 10 becomes too heavy and therefore too unwieldy.
  • Figure 3 shows a further optimal design with regard to the handling of the hand power tool 10.
  • a weight of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 is shown above the nominal power. It can be seen that the weight of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 M EKM is in an optimal ratio to the nominal power P N.
  • a rotor 40 In electronically commutated electric motors, a rotor 40 usually contains a rotor package 41 with permanent magnets.
  • the fixed stator 44 comprises a plurality of coils, which are controlled by the electronics 30 at different times in order to generate a rotating field.
  • the rotating field causes a torque on Rotor 40, which is permanently excited by the permanent magnets.
  • the rotor 40 is rotatably arranged in the stator 44.
  • the rotor package 41 is attached to a rotor shaft 42.
  • the weight of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 lies in the hand of the operator. The higher the weight of the electronically commutated electric motor 22, the harder the handheld power tool 10 is in the operator's hand.
  • An optimum weight to nominal power is also favorable with regard to ergonomic handling of handheld power tool 10. With a nominal power greater than 600 W, the optimal ratio of the weight of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 M EKM to the nominal power is between 0.15 g / W * P N + 150 g and 0.3 g / W * P N + 300 g.
  • the volume of the electronics 30 is understood to mean a volume of a body that includes all components of the electronics 30.
  • the electronics 30 usually contains coils 46, capacitors 48 and power amplifiers 50.
  • the volume of the body that receives the electronics 30 corresponds to the installation space in the hand machine tool 10.
  • the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 corresponds to the volume of an enveloping body that Includes rotor package 41 and a package of stator 44.
  • the optimal ratio of the volume of the electronics 30 to the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 is at least 0.7, but at most 1.6. This applies in particular if handheld power tool 10 can only provide a limited amount of installation space in comparison with the competition with a view to its size and ergonomic specifications.
  • the volume of the electronics 30 becomes too large compared to the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22.
  • the electronically commutated electric motor 22 would be too small in relation to the electronics 30 and could therefore only deliver a limited torque to the rotor shaft 42. As a result, limited power would be delivered to the spindle 26.
  • the electronics 30 At ratios that are less than 0.7, the electronics 30 would become too small for the electronically commutated electric motor 22 to supply it with sufficient current. This means that the handheld power tool 10 would not be powerful enough for a given size. Ratios between 0.7 and 1.6 are optimal.
  • the electronics 30 can provide the electronically commutated electric motor 22 with sufficient current / power and the electronically commutated electric motor 22 is optimally dimensioned in relation to the electronics 30.
  • the invention is based on the further finding that an optimal design of the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 depends not only on the volume of the electronics 30, but also on a ratio of the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 to the nominal power of the handheld power tool 10.
  • the ratio of the volume of the electronic commutated electric motor 22 to the nominal power of handheld power tool 10 should be a maximum of 100 mm 3 / W. If the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 becomes too large in relation to the nominal power of the handheld power tool 10, the required space which the electronically commutated electric motor 22 occupies in the handheld power tool 10 becomes too large and thus the handheld power tool 10 becomes too heavy and unwieldy.
  • the length of the handheld power tool 10 can be shortened.
  • the hand-held power tool 10 must stand up to the competition, so that expectations regarding the design of the hand-held power tool 10 with regard to the nominal power should not be disappointed.
  • the efficiency at nominal power should be between 65% and 97%, but especially between 65% and 90%.
  • cooling is carried out actively, for example, and an efficiency of a cooling system is adapted to the efficiency at nominal power. With active cooling, the heat energy is removed from a component to be cooled with the help of the cooling system.
  • the cooling system is a fan 52 which is applied to the rotor shaft 42.
  • the fan 52 rotates when the rotor shaft 42 rotates and generates an air flow. It is also conceivable that the fan 52 is driven by a separate actuator. It is also conceivable that other cooling systems such as Peltier elements, piezo blades, piezo pumps and closed cooling circuits are used.
  • the cooling relates to handheld power tool 10 and includes components such as motor housing 16, gear housing 18, gear 20, electronically commutated electric motor 22 and electronics 30, which means that these components are actively cooled.
  • a cooling capacity P K is a fraction of the nominal capacity P N.
  • P K k * P N , where k is less than 0.1, but especially less than 0.075 ( Figure 4 ).
  • the cooling capacity is shown above the nominal capacity.
  • the design is particularly advantageous if the cooling capacity is equal to or less than 7.5% of the nominal capacity is, but does not exceed a maximum of 10% of the nominal power P N. If the nominal power P N of a handheld power tool is, for example, 1000 W, the value of the cooling power is advantageously equal to or less than 75 W, but at most 100 W.
  • the cooling power is the power of the cooling system used in each case.
  • the cooling output is the difference between the two outputs determined. If a fan 52 mounted on the rotor shaft 42 is used, the cooling capacity results from the torque acting on the rotor shaft 42 and the speed at which the fan rotates. If a Peltier element is used, the cooling line is usually the electrical output of the component and is determined from the product of current and voltage.
  • the ratio of a diameter d disk of the machining tool 28, in particular a grinding and / or cutting disk to the nominal power P N should be a maximum of 0.09 mm / W * P N + 55 mm with a nominal power up to 1000 W.
  • the diameter of the machining tool 28 is shown above the nominal power. If the nominal power is greater than 1000 W, the optimal ratio of the diameter d wheel of the grinding and / or cutting wheel to the nominal power P N of the hand tool 10 is a maximum of 0.2 mm / W * P N - 60 mm.
  • the ratio of the diameter d wheel of the grinding and / or cutting wheel to the nominal power is greater than 0.2 mm / W * P N - 60 mm, there is a risk that the electronics 30 will reach their performance limit and overheat. If the electronics 30 overheat, the electronics 30 are normally automatically cut off. The operator of handheld power tool 10 is restricted in that he has to wait until electronics 30 have cooled and handheld power tool 10 can be switched on again. However, if the ratio of the diameter d wheel of the grinding and / or cutting wheel to the nominal power is not greater than 0.2 mm / W * P N - 60 mm, there is no risk of the electronics overheating. An automatic shutdown is therefore not necessary and the operator can operate the handheld power tool 10 without restriction as long as it provides for its use.
  • Another aspect with regard to optimal design of the handheld power tool 10 lies in a ratio of a diameter of the electronically commutated one Electric motor 22.
  • Motor d to the diameter of the grinding wheel disk d as shown in Figure 6 can be seen.
  • the diameter d motor of the electronically commutated electric motor is 22 ⁇ 0.27 * d disk + 10, but at most 0.37 * d disk + 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further optimal design of the hand tool machines 10.
  • the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 V motor is optimally V motor ⁇ 0.014 * d disk 3 + 7500.
  • the volume of the electronically commutated electric motor (22) V motor should be a maximum of 0.019 * d disk 3 + 18000.
  • a further optimal design with regard to the handling of the hand power tool 10 is achieved, as can be seen in FIG. 8, in that a diameter of the handle 24 is at least 0.0125 mm / W * P N + 25 mm, but at most 0.0215 mm / W * P N + 50 mm.
  • the diameter of the handle 24 is shown above the nominal power. Since the motor housing 16 is designed as a handle 24, the diameter of the handle 24 correlates with a diameter of the electronically commutated electric motor 22. If the diameter of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 is too small with the corresponding power, the handheld power tool 10 becomes too long and therefore too unwieldy. If the diameter of the electronically commutated electric motor 22 is too large with the corresponding power, the handheld power tool 10 becomes too large in diameter and can no longer be optimally gripped.
  • the electronically commutated electric motor 22 is a brushless motor.
  • the brushless motor has no commutator and no carbon brushes for turning electricity.
  • the brushless motor is commutated without sensors.
  • sensorless commutation a position of the rotor 40 is detected via a counter voltage triggered in the coils of the stator 44. The counter voltage is evaluated by the electronics 30.
  • the brushless motor it is also conceivable for the brushless motor to be commutated with the aid of one or more sensors.
  • the sensor (s) detect a magnetic flux and thus the position of the rotor 40.
  • the power amplifiers 56 are used Controlled coils of the stator 44, which in turn generate a torque in the rotor 40.
  • handheld power tool 10 is provided with a mains connection line 38.
  • the mains connection line 38 leads via a grommet 54 into the interior of the hand power tool 10 to the electronics 30 and a power supply unit belonging to the electronics 30.
  • the handheld power tool 10 it is also conceivable for the handheld power tool 10 to be designed without a power cord, as is the case with battery-operated handheld power tools 10.
  • a rechargeable battery takes over the energy supply for the handheld power tool 10 and feeds the electronics 30.
  • the rechargeable battery can be understood as part of the electronics 30.
  • the motor housing 16 has a shape other than that of a cylinder. This means that the motor housing 16 can be oval, hexagonal or octagonal. Any other form is also conceivable. It is equally conceivable that the motor housing 16 has a cylindrical shape. In the case of a hexagonal or octagonal shape, the volume of the motor housing 16, given given round dimensions of the electronically commutated electric motor 22, is greater than in the case of a cylindrical shape, for example cables and inner lines can be guided particularly effectively through the hand tool 10.
  • An oval shape offers a special space saving, as does a cylindrical shape. Although it requires effective cable routing, an oval or cylindrical motor housing 16 lies very well in the hand of the operator and enables material to be saved.
  • the switching element 34 is a mechanical switch in the exemplary embodiment. But it is also conceivable that the switching element 34 is realized by a microswitch.
  • Handheld power tool 10 is designed as an angle grinder. Angle grinders are hand machine tools 10 for grinding and cutting metals and similar materials. However, it is also conceivable that the handheld power tool 10 is designed as a plate grinder, a cup grinder, a polisher, a concrete grinder or a milling machine.
EP19215171.0A 2012-12-20 2013-12-09 Machine-outil à main pourvue de moteur commuté de manière électronique et d'électronique intégrée Withdrawn EP3659747A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012223969.3A DE102012223969A1 (de) 2012-12-20 2012-12-20 Handwerkzugmaschine mit elektronisch kommutiertem Motor und integrierter Elektronik
EP13805329.3A EP2934817A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-09 Machine-outil portative pourvue d'un moteur électrique à commutation électronique et d'une électronique intégrée
PCT/EP2013/075914 WO2014095449A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-09 Machine-outil portative pourvue d'un moteur électrique à commutation électronique et d'une électronique intégrée

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13805329.3A Division EP2934817A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-09 Machine-outil portative pourvue d'un moteur électrique à commutation électronique et d'une électronique intégrée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3659747A1 true EP3659747A1 (fr) 2020-06-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19215171.0A Withdrawn EP3659747A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-09 Machine-outil à main pourvue de moteur commuté de manière électronique et d'électronique intégrée
EP13805329.3A Withdrawn EP2934817A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-09 Machine-outil portative pourvue d'un moteur électrique à commutation électronique et d'une électronique intégrée

Family Applications After (1)

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EP13805329.3A Withdrawn EP2934817A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-09 Machine-outil portative pourvue d'un moteur électrique à commutation électronique et d'une électronique intégrée

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9662760B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3659747A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104853879B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012223969A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014095449A1 (fr)

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US11837935B2 (en) 2021-02-02 2023-12-05 Black & Decker, Inc. Canned brushless motor

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WO2015061370A1 (fr) 2013-10-21 2015-04-30 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Adaptateur pour dispositifs d'outil électrique
JP6466628B2 (ja) 2015-09-24 2019-02-06 ハスクバーナ・コンストラクション・プロダクツ・ノース・アメリカ、インコーポレイテッドHusqvarna Construction Products North America, Inc. 研磨又は研削パッド組立品
CN106926096B (zh) * 2015-12-31 2020-01-31 南京德朔实业有限公司 角磨机
WO2019096223A1 (fr) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-23 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 Moteur applicable à un outil électrique portatif, et outil électrique portatif
US11027405B2 (en) * 2016-05-31 2021-06-08 Positec Power Tools (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. Power tool
USD854902S1 (en) 2016-09-23 2019-07-30 Husqvarna Construction Products North America, Inc. Polishing or grinding pad
JPWO2018221108A1 (ja) * 2017-05-31 2020-03-19 工機ホールディングス株式会社 グラインダ
AU201810919S (en) 2017-08-30 2018-04-13 Husqvarna Construction Products North America Polishing or grinding pad assembly with abrasive discs reinforcement and pad
USD958626S1 (en) 2017-08-30 2022-07-26 Husqvarna Ab Polishing or grinding pad assembly with abrasive disks, reinforcement and pad
USD927952S1 (en) 2017-08-30 2021-08-17 Husqvarna Ab Polishing or grinding pad assembly with abrasive disk, spacer, reinforcement and pad
US10710214B2 (en) 2018-01-11 2020-07-14 Husqvarna Ab Polishing or grinding pad with multilayer reinforcement
CN111823080A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2020-10-27 南京德朔实业有限公司 长杆式打磨机
DE102019207973A1 (de) * 2019-05-29 2020-12-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Handwerkzeugmaschine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11837935B2 (en) 2021-02-02 2023-12-05 Black & Decker, Inc. Canned brushless motor
US11855521B2 (en) 2021-02-02 2023-12-26 Black & Decker, Inc. Brushless DC motor for a body-grip power tool
US11870316B2 (en) 2021-02-02 2024-01-09 Black & Decker, Inc. Brushless motor including a nested bearing bridge
US11876424B2 (en) 2021-02-02 2024-01-16 Black & Decker Inc. Compact brushless motor including in-line terminals
US11955863B2 (en) 2021-02-02 2024-04-09 Black & Decker Inc. Circuit board assembly for compact brushless motor

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Publication number Publication date
WO2014095449A1 (fr) 2014-06-26
CN104853879A (zh) 2015-08-19
EP2934817A1 (fr) 2015-10-28
US20150328742A1 (en) 2015-11-19
US9662760B2 (en) 2017-05-30
CN104853879B (zh) 2018-10-30
DE102012223969A1 (de) 2014-06-26

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