EP3655254B1 - Élément de sécurité à structure en relief optiquement variable - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité à structure en relief optiquement variable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3655254B1
EP3655254B1 EP18745823.7A EP18745823A EP3655254B1 EP 3655254 B1 EP3655254 B1 EP 3655254B1 EP 18745823 A EP18745823 A EP 18745823A EP 3655254 B1 EP3655254 B1 EP 3655254B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security element
cells
motif
embossed structure
grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP18745823.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3655254A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Imhof
Astrid Heine
Peter Franz
Thanh-Hao Huynh
Karlheinz Mayer
Raphael DEHMEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Priority to PL18745823T priority Critical patent/PL3655254T3/pl
Publication of EP3655254A1 publication Critical patent/EP3655254A1/fr
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Publication of EP3655254B1 publication Critical patent/EP3655254B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/425—Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element with an optically variable embossed structure, an object with the security element and a method for producing the security element.
  • Security elements are known from the prior art to protect against counterfeiting in order to protect documents of value, such as banknotes, securities, credit or ID cards, passports, certificates, etc., labels, packaging from forgery.
  • documents of value such as banknotes, securities, credit or ID cards, passports, certificates, etc., labels, packaging from forgery.
  • protection against counterfeiting is based on the fact that there is an optical effect that is easily and clearly recognizable visually, which would not be reproduced or would only be reproduced insufficiently with conventional reproduction devices, such as color copiers.
  • a security element of the type mentioned which has an embossed structure of longitudinally extending grooves, the roof surfaces of which have flared partial surfaces.
  • the sub-areas are arranged geometrically in such a way that the motif can only be recognized from a given viewing angle.
  • Optically variable colors are used to create a printed motif with a color shift effect. Depending on the viewing angle, the hue in which the motif is visible to the viewer changes.
  • a security element in which honeycomb-shaped cells are arranged in a grid-like manner, which have facets with differently inclined surfaces as a result of embossing.
  • the facets have a reflective coating, and the different surface inclinations in the 2D pattern of the honeycomb structure are distributed in such a way that a motif is also only visible in a predetermined viewing area when the security element is rotated and/or tilted.
  • the embossing structure is designed differently in sub-areas in which there is a uniform print that a motif tilting effect or a movement effect is created.
  • the WO 2016/020066 A2 proposes a security element that also has a plurality of cells arranged in a 2D pattern.
  • the cells are each hemispherical, so that each cell acts as a convex mirror.
  • Line-shaped pressure elements are arranged over this 2D pattern of convex mirrors, which extend over a large number of convex mirrors. The position of the lines on the convex mirrors varies along the 2D pattern, so that overall an image or motif is created that has a movement effect when the security element is tilted or rotated.
  • the printing elements are selected in another sub-area in such a way that a motif tilting effect is created.
  • DE 10 2007 035 161 A1 relates to a security element with a first embossed structure made of embossed elements, which is combined with a coating in such a way that partial areas of the coating are visible when viewed from a first viewing angle range and are covered from a second viewing angle range.
  • a first tilting effect occurs when the security element is tilted.
  • a second embossing structure disposed within the first embossing structure creates a second tilting effect. If the pattern of coating and embossing is not the same but similar, a beating can occur.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a security element of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the variable optical effect is more striking and thus protection against counterfeiting is further increased, with production in particular still being possible in a cost-optimized manner.
  • the security element has an optically variable embossed structure which has a large number of cells which are arranged in a pattern.
  • the cells have a surface that is not aligned parallel to the base plane of the security element.
  • At least one group of surface elements is provided in the embossed structure.
  • Each group of surface elements presents its own motif, which is visible in its own viewing angle range.
  • the embossed structure thus provides a motif tilting effect. Depending on the viewing angle, the motif is visible or not visible to the viewer.
  • the embossed structure is also provided with a coating that includes at least one imprint in the form of a grid with grid elements, in particular lines, dots or symbols. The imprint forms a second motif recognizable to the viewer.
  • the coating and the embossed structure are in particular combined in such a way that each cell is covered—at least partially—by at least one grid element, such as a line of the line grid.
  • the position of the grid element, such as line, point, or symbol, on the cell, the orientation of the grid element, such as line or symbol, on the cell, or the shape of the grid element, such as line, point, or symbol, on the cell, or several of these three parameters vary depending on the location over the extent of the embossed structure in such a way that the tilting effect of the first motif is supplemented by a movement effect.
  • This movement effect may be a linear motion effect, but is preferably a pumping or a rotating effect.
  • the cells of the embossed structure preferably have a uniform shape (or outer contour), ie in particular contour and size.
  • the cells of the embossed structure differ from one another in the orientation of the surface elements and/or the presence of the surface elements.
  • the movement effect and the motif tilting effect each have a color contrast of the chromatic-chromatic, chromatic-achromatic or achromatic-achromatic type.
  • the color contrast type of the movement effect differs from the color contrast type of the tilting effect.
  • the color contrast in the movement effect and/or in the motif tilting effect is selected in such a way that the viewer can clearly perceive the effect.
  • a light-to-dark contrast for a chromatic or achromatic color is preferably used.
  • Complementary colors can also be used for a colorful-colorful color contrast.
  • the motif tilting effect of the motley-motley or achromatic-achromatic type is particularly preferred.
  • a light or dark motif appears instead of a darker or lighter background - with unchanged color - if the surface elements reflect or shade, for example.
  • the movement effect is then preferably of the chromatic-achromatic color contrast type.
  • This type of contrast can be achieved in particular by an imprint in chromatic colors and an achromatic, in particular metallically reflecting, base area.
  • the motif tilting effect is of the chromatic-achromatic type.
  • the color contrast of the tilting effect is given by the (chromatic or achromatic) color of the recognizable (presented) motif in contrast to the (chromatic or achromatic) color without a motif.
  • the color contrast of the movement effect is given by the (chromatic or achromatic) color of the moving motif in contrast to the stationary background color (chromatic or achromatic).
  • white, black and all gray tones, including gray tones with a metallic appearance, are referred to as achromatic.
  • a printed grid is arranged above the embossed structure, which is designed in particular in such a way that each cell is covered (partially or completely) by at least one grid element, such as a line, point or symbol.
  • a further group of surface elements can be provided, which presents a third motif with a motif tilting effect in such a way that a motif change from the first motif to the third motif occurs.
  • Each motif is visible in its own viewing angle range, since the groups of partial areas of the optically variable embossed structure are only effective in a specific viewing angle range.
  • the motif displayed changes when the security element is tilted. This is called subject switching.
  • the first motif and the third motif can be arranged at a distance from one another, adjoining one another or at least partially overlapping, in particular overlapping to an area proportion of 20% to 100% of the smaller of the two motifs.
  • the surface elements of the two groups are preferably aligned along a common preferred direction.
  • the tilting effect can be achieved, for example, by shading, covering or reflection.
  • the surface elements modulate in their assigned viewing angle range the incoming light so that the subject of their group becomes visible.
  • the non-parallel aligned surface of the cells can shade or cover the non-effective group of sub-areas--in the viewing angle range assigned to one group.
  • the surface elements are preferably aligned with one another in such a way that the surface elements of at least two groups are each visible from viewing angle ranges that are separate from one another. In this way, each group is only visible in the angular range assigned to it. If you tilt the security element, a previously effective surface element group is covered and another group becomes visible and thus its motif.
  • the cells can be designed as continuous channels lying next to one another, with a large number of surface elements lying on their flanks.
  • the surface elements of one of the groups are located on one of the flanks of the channels. Tilting the security element transversely to the longitudinal direction of the channels creates the motif tilting effect.
  • the surface elements of an optional other group on the opposite side so that the motif change is realized when the security element is tilted transversely to the longitudinal direction of the grooves.
  • the cells can comprise elongated ridge lines with roof surfaces, the partial surfaces being arranged on the roof surfaces. The surface elements of one group then lie on a roof surface. The surface elements of the other optional group on the opposite roof surface.
  • the sub-areas can essentially be the inverse of the geometry of that flank of the gutter or roof area on which they lie. Inversely means that the geometry of the partial surface corresponds to the mirrored geometry of the flank of the gutter or roof surface, with a mirror plane perpendicular to the surface of the security element in the middle of the flank (e.g. roof surface) and parallel to the baseline of the Flank are aligned.
  • the mirroring corresponds to a rotation of 180° about an axis that is perpendicular to the surface of the security element.
  • the geometry of the sub-surfaces corresponds to the geometry of the roof surfaces on the opposite flank.
  • almost inverse means that the vertical edge of the partial surfaces resulting from the reflection cannot in reality be aligned completely vertically for technical reasons. Rather, this flank preferably has an angle of between 60 and 90° to the plane of the security element. This is due to the fact that the depressions in an embossing plate, which produce embossed structures of the security element, generally cannot be produced with an exactly vertical flank.
  • At least one of the groups is provided in an outline form that encodes a first piece of information that is optically recognizable to the viewer only in a first viewing angle range.
  • This first piece of information is not visible when the security element is viewed perpendicularly.
  • the first group of surface elements thus generates additional information in addition to the outline that the embossed structure can have, which of course can encode other information.
  • the first piece of information is only visible in the assigned viewing angle of the surface elements of the first group; it remains hidden at other viewing angles and in particular when viewed directly from above.
  • the second group has a different outline, so that second information is encoded from the viewing direction assigned to the second group.
  • the geometry of the surface elements of the second group corresponds in embodiments on the principle of the geometry of the surface elements of the first group, ie they are in turn designed almost inversely to the geometry of the opposite flank.
  • the cells are formed by sections of the embossed structure in which the respective surface elements are provided.
  • the surface elements are preferably arranged in a two-dimensional grid, with not all grid positions having to be filled. Rather, in embodiments, they act as pixels which, depending on the motif to be generated, are or are not covered with surface elements that change the contrast.
  • the embossed structure is not restricted to the sub-areas being formed on a basic structure running over the cells, for example on channels or ridge lines. Rather, it is also possible to design the cells individually with regard to their surface inclination in such a way that the illumination is reflected in a specific way in a specific viewing angle range, so that the viewer sees a tilting effect for the information.
  • Each cell in this context acts as a pixel that is light or dark depending on the cell's surface tilt at a particular viewing angle. This will display the information.
  • the information can be seen in a specific viewing angle range, where it optionally changes when the viewing angle varies within the specific viewing angle range, ie when the security element is tilted accordingly.
  • the information that changes as a result of the tilting can include motifs, images, logos, etc. Due to the tilting effect, the security element presents at least two different items of information that can be recognized in different viewing angle ranges. If there are two pieces of information, there is a first piece of information seen in a first viewing angle range and second information in a second viewing angle range. Each piece of information is assigned to a group. This is understood as a group of cells that together form the pixels that represent the respective information. The cells of the group typically have the same value for one of several surface orientation parameters, such as the same direction of the line of descent. The groups then differ in this parameter; the distinguishing parameter, in that they differ (and for their part have a constant value), causes the separation of the range of viewing angles for the two pieces of information.
  • the viewing angle ranges in the azimuth angle with which one looks at the security element.
  • variation of another surface orientation parameter e.g. B. an angle of inclination, the tilting effect within a group, ie the change in the information displayed.
  • Motifs or images can be represented in the security element by the tilting effect by providing a corresponding number of groups of cells. They differ by a surface orientation parameter, e.g. B. Angle of inclination (local trend or constant for the entire surface), surface elevation difference or direction of the line of fall.
  • This one parameter is preferably constant within each group (but unlike in the other groups). In this way, the information encoded by the groups is separated from each other.
  • a different parameter may be varied within each group to impart the tipping effect. For example, it is possible to distinguish the groups from each other by the direction of the fall line.
  • the viewing angle areas are then differentiated by the rotational position of the security element in a plane that is spanned by the security element.
  • the information is recognizable at different azimuth angles.
  • the surface inclination of the surface elements can be varied, so that when changing the elevation angle of viewing, the corresponding information, which is encoded by the group to the appropriate azimuth angle, changes according to the tilting effect.
  • the cells divide the two-dimensional ground plane of the security element according to a 2D pattern. Regular cells are preferred, but this is not the only possibility.
  • Honeycomb-shaped cells are known. Equally possible are triangular or square cells. There is no restriction to point-symmetrical cells. Pentagonal cells or rectangular cells are also possible.
  • the cells are slightly spaced apart. A distance is considered insignificant if it is smaller than the minimum lateral dimensions of the cells. Spaced cells have short sections in the unembossed substrate between the cells.
  • the base area of a cell is understood to mean the area that results from a vertical plan view of the base plane of the security element, for example the plane of a substrate into which the embossed structure is embossed. It is irrelevant for the surface elements whether they are designed as raised structures or as recessed structures. In the case of recessed structures, they do not protrude, but form indentations. Mixed forms are possible.
  • the security element contains at least two groups of cells that differ in terms of the surface structure of their surface elements.
  • the term is used for flat facets on the angle of inclination and also related to the direction of the surface slope. However, it is not limited to a flat inclined surface, but also includes angled and non-linear, ie curved surfaces.
  • the surface orientation is characterized, for example, by the difference in surface height, ie the difference in height between the highest point and the lowest point, or by the course or position of the fall line. In the case of planar facets, this information can be expressed by the azimuth angle, ie the angle information for the line of fall, and the inclination angle, ie the (possibly mean) gradient of the inclined surface.
  • the basic height, ie the distance to a reference plane is not relevant per se for the optical effect of the surface elements. Rather, it depends on relative heights. Depending on the tool production and stamping process, you can choose them freely.
  • the line screen is often referred to for the sake of simplicity. It goes without saying that this should not rule out the coating having more than one line grid or having a grid with other grid elements.
  • the statements made then apply to at least one, but typically even to all line screens of the coating or to other screen elements.
  • the coating and the embossed structure are combined in such a way that in the area covered with the line grid, essentially every cell is covered with a line for at least one line grid, but preferably for all line grids.
  • At least one of the parameters mentioned varies over the extent of the optically variable structure, depending on the location, such that the additional movement effect is produced by at least one, but preferably all of the line grids when the security element is tilted.
  • the same also applies to the configurations described below with at least one further line grid below the background layer or with a second coating with at least one printed line grid.
  • “the” line grid is used for short, even if several or all line grids are meant.
  • the line grid can be printed onto the contrasting background layer, which in this case is preferably applied over the entire area in the area of the optically variable structure.
  • the line grid can be printed on first and the contrasting background layer can then be applied with corresponding gaps, or the line grid can be uncovered after the contrasting background layer has been applied by removing it in some areas, thereby revealing the line grid.
  • the background layer and the line screen can also be applied end-to-end next to one another.
  • the background layer provides a visual backdrop to the motion effect created by the line screen.
  • the contrasting background layer is advantageously formed by a highly reflective background layer/in particular by a shiny silver, gold or copper-colored foil or a metallic-looking printed layer, for example a silver, gold-colored or copper-colored printed layer, but there are also metallized, in particular metallic vaporized foil strips or patches as a background layer.
  • the printed layer with a metallic effect and the vapor-deposited metal layer can be provided on an adhesion-promoting layer, for example a glossy adhesion-promoting layer (primer) applied by screen printing.
  • the silver, gold or copper-colored print layer can be applied in particular by screen printing or flexographic printing or as an offset ink.
  • the metal layer can be transferred by means of a (cold or hot) transfer process, in particular together with (or without) a carrier layer that is also transferred, such as a carrier film, or can be laminated on with a carrier film.
  • each cell acts as a small mirror with a structured surface.
  • the contrasting background layer is replaced by a colored, in particular monochromatic (e.g. white) background layer, a glossy background layer, such as a glossy adhesion-promoting layer applied by screen printing with or without pigment(s) or filler(s), or the opaque or glossy surface of the substrate of the security element itself. If the contrasting background layer is not a highly reflective layer, the line screen is advantageously printed with a high areal density.
  • the substrate can be opaque or also transparent or at least translucent in the area of the embossed structure. If the substrate is transparent or translucent there, the optically variable structure can be viewed from both the front and the back.
  • the security element then advantageously has a two-sided design in which a movement effect becomes visible when viewed from opposite sides. This can be the same movement effect, possibly with a different colored appearance, but also different types of movement effects.
  • a transparent or translucent area in the substrate can be formed, for example, by a transparent polymer area in an otherwise opaque polymer substrate, by a hybrid substrate with a transparent hybrid window, by a transparent polymer substrate with partial opaque ink-accepting layers, or by a continuous opening in any substrate, in particular one paper substrate, which is covered with a transparent, printable foil strip or patch.
  • the coating comprises the line grid already mentioned as the first line grid, which in this embodiment is arranged on the background layer.
  • the coating comprises at least one further grid of lines which is arranged below the background layer and contrasts with the background layer.
  • At least one line segment of a line of the further line grid lies essentially on each embossing element, and for the further line grid at least one of the parameters 'position of the line segment on the cell, orientation of the line segment on the cell' and 'shape of the line segment' varies over the extent of the optically variable structure is location-dependent, so that the movement effect, in particular a pumping or rotation effect, is produced by the additional line grid when the security element is tilted.
  • the line screens arranged on the background layer and the line screens arranged below the background layer use the same embossed structure and the same background layer.
  • the background layer is advantageously opaque, in particular designed to be highly reflective, and contains no gaps, at least in the areas of the line grid applied, in order to avoid crosstalk of the information visible on opposite sides.
  • the cells are preferably arranged in a square lattice, rectangular lattice, diamond lattice, hexagonal lattice or parallelogram lattice.
  • the grid width or grid widths Wp of the cell grid result from the Distance ap between centers of adjacent cells.
  • the cell size dp is advantageously between 50 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m, in particular between 200 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the cell size and thus also the grid width Wp can be constant or location-dependent. Grids with the symmetry of a square, rectangular or hexagonal grid and with a constant grid width W P , ie a constant cell size, are particularly preferred.
  • a location-dependent screen ruling can arise in particular through a juxtaposition of sub-frames with different screen rulings that are constant within a sub-frame.
  • sub-grids of rotationally symmetrical cells can alternate with sub-grids of elongated cells, which advantageously have different grid widths simply because of the different shape of the cells.
  • the partial grids of elongated cells can also be only one-dimensional in each case, ie consist of n ⁇ 1 elements arranged parallel to one another.
  • the partial grids of elongated cells can also be in the form of a pattern, of characters or of a code.
  • the line screen of the coating advantageously contains a large number of non-intersecting and preferably almost, but not completely, parallel lines.
  • the lines have a spacing that is largely, but not completely, constant along the length of the lines. Since the lines are then not completely parallel, the line grid does not have an exact grid width, but an average grid width WL of the line grid can be specified by averaging the distance between adjacent lines over the longitudinal extent of the lines and the lines present in the line grid.
  • the statement that the lines have a largely constant distance means that the distance between two adjacent lines along more than 90% of the longitudinal extension of the two lines by less than 20%, preferably less than 10%, from the mean distance between the two lines.
  • the line grid and the cell grid are preferably matched to one another in such a way that the grid width Wp of the cell grid in a direction perpendicular to or at 60° to the line grid is essentially equal to the mean grid width W L of the line grid. In this way it can be ensured that the line segments of the lines of the line grid come to rest essentially completely on the cells of the cell grid.
  • the position of a line segment on a cell is advantageously given by a phase function ⁇ (x,y) which depends on the position (x,y) of the cell in the optically variable structure and whose function value is the relative position of the line segment on the cell perpendicular to the length extent of the line segment, normalized to the unit interval [0,1].
  • the phase function ⁇ (x,y) varies depending on the location in such a way that the movement effect, in particular a pumping or rotation effect, occurs when the security element is tilted.
  • the phase function ⁇ (x,y) depends directly, in particular linearly, on the angle between the position (x,y) of the cell and a fixed reference point (x 0 , y 0 ) in the optically variable structure, so that when the security element is tilted, a rotation effect occurs around the reference point (xo, yo).
  • the grid of lines then creates the visual one when viewed Impression of a windmill structure rotating around the reference point when tilted with
  • the invention is not limited to designs with a single line grid, rather the coating can advantageously also comprise two or more line grids, the parameters 'position of the line on the cell', 'orientation of the line on the cell' and 'shape of the line for the lines of each line grid vary independently.
  • line grids can produce different movement effects or the same movement effects in the same or different, in particular opposite, directions.
  • the lines of different line grids are advantageously applied with different colors in order to visually distinguish the movement effects of the two line grids from one another.
  • the lines of a line grid can already have locally different colors in order to generate differently colored areas of the movement effect.
  • each line grid is assigned a preferred direction defined by the line direction
  • the preferred directions of two or more line grids then advantageously enclose an angle of approximately 60° or approximately 90° with one another.
  • the coating of a security element can have a number of partial areas in which the line grids each produce different movement effects.
  • the sub-areas can be arranged in particular in the form of patterns, characters or a code, so that additional information is created by the movement effects that differ in areas.
  • a sub-area can be in the form of a value number and show the tilting effect, while the surrounding sub-area shows a rotating effect.
  • the line grid or grids are cut out in the partial area, so that there are no line segments on the cells in the partial area.
  • the lines can be formed in the partial area without a location-dependent variation and run exactly parallel to one another at a certain distance.
  • the line grid can only be seen in the partial area from a specific viewing direction if the embossed structure is channel-shaped and the lines lie on a flank.
  • the line segments in the partial area can be overprinted with a highly opaque color.
  • the embossed structure can alternatively be recessed in the partial area, so that the line segments of the line grid no cells are assigned in the partition.
  • the visual impression of the partial area does not change due to the lack of spatial depth and the resulting lack of dependence on the viewing direction.
  • the line widths of the printed line screens are advantageously less than 0.5 times the screen width WP of the cell screen. They are preferably in the range from 25 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 25 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m and particularly preferably in the range from 25 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the lines can have a constant line width or the line width can change along the length of the lines, in particular increase or decrease or be modulated on one or two sides.
  • the lines of the printed line grid can be shown both as positive (printed) and as negative (left out in the printed image) lines. In the case of positive lines, the specified line widths refer to the widths of the areas actually printed or covered with ink, or in the case of negative lines to the widths of left-out linear gaps without ink.
  • the (line or dot) screen can be applied, for example, using letterpress or gravure printing, offset, nyloprint, flexo, digital, inkjet or screen printing, with both oxidatively and UV-drying inks being usable.
  • the color of the printed line grid or, if two or more line grids applied with different colors are provided at least the color of one of the line grids has luminescent, in particular fluorescent, properties.
  • the color of the printed line grid or, if two or more line grids applied with different colors are provided at least the color of one of the line grids can consist of a color mixture that contains at least one laser-absorbing mixture component .
  • a color in the recess can be changed in a targeted manner by applying a laser.
  • the basic principle of such a procedure is in the WO 2016/020066 or EN102013000152 explained, the disclosure of which is included in the present description.
  • the shape of the cells can be varied locally. For example, it is possible to go from cells whose surface elements are lined up in a 2D pattern in such a way that they cover the surface of the embossed structure to cells that are arranged as surface elements on an elongated groove structure. It is also possible to move from cells that essentially have a rotationally symmetrical shape (i.e. cells that are either rotationally symmetrical or whose corners lie on a circle) to elongated cells, i.e. cells whose longitudinal dimension is significantly larger than their transverse dimension, in particular at least 2 or 3 times as big.
  • a rotationally symmetrical shape i.e. cells that are either rotationally symmetrical or whose corners lie on a circle
  • elongated cells i.e. cells whose longitudinal dimension is significantly larger than their transverse dimension, in particular at least 2 or 3 times as big.
  • the imprint can be embodied in bright colors at least in certain areas, so that the movement effect and the tilting effect each have a color contrast of the motley-motley, motley-achromatic or achromatic-achromatic type.
  • the color contrast types of motion effect and tilting effect can differ.
  • the imprint in the partial area and the remaining areas of the embossed structure comprises different chromatic colors.
  • the security element requires the corresponding means for producing the embossed structure. It can therefore not be imitated using comparatively simple techniques such as those available to counterfeiters.
  • the substrate to be embossed must be embossed with high mechanical pressure without damaging it with cuts or cuts.
  • the embossed structures are preferably produced by means of the intaglio printing process, which is known from banknote printing and cannot be imitated by counterfeiters, or only with considerable technical effort.
  • embossing can be produced using intaglio printing, flat printing, flat/round principle, round/round principle, flat/flat principle. Embossing machines suitable for the embossing can be provided separately, or the embossing can also take place in a lacquer or offset unit.
  • the embossed structures on the flanks smoothly merge into one another, ie flank angles of more than 70° should be avoided as far as possible so that the substrate cannot be damaged, such as the cuts or cuts mentioned in the case of a paper substrate.
  • the steepness of the embossed structures or their flanks influences the tearing behavior of the substrate.
  • the embossed structures are particularly preferably slight arranged rotated to the axis of the embossing cylinder, preferably by about 5 °, so that they do not run parallel to the axis of the embossing cylinder.
  • the engraving depth of the structures in an embossing plate for producing the embossed structures according to the invention is 5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 30 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m and particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m to 130 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the raised embossed structures that can be produced with such an embossing plate depends on the substrate into which the embossed structures are embossed. In the case of a cotton substrate, for example, the height of the embossed structures can be approximately 90% of the engraving depth and in the case of a plastic substrate, for example, only 30%.
  • the length of a pyramid edge is 20 ⁇ m to 4000 ⁇ m, preferably 100 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m and particularly preferably 120 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m.
  • the distance between individual embossed structures is 0 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m, preferably 0 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m and particularly preferably 2 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • recessed embossed elements are of course also possible.
  • the embossed elements do not protrude out of the plane of the substrate surface, but rather form indentations in the substrate surface, the embossed elements thus protrude into the substrate.
  • a corresponding embossing plate especially in intaglio printing or intaglio printing—cannot have elevations compared to the level of the embossing plate, since this would impair the wiping process, for example by means of a squeegee.
  • the elevations must be introduced in a recessed or sunken area of the embossing plate in such a way that the elevations do not protrude above the level of the embossing plate.
  • the depressions in an embossing plate to produce the embossed structures are preferably removed with a laser from the embossing plate to a higher aspect ratio of depth t to width b of the steep flanks t/b of 1.5 to approx. 12, ie a flank angle of 48° to 85°, a greater variety of geometries and sharper, more detailed and clearly defined information content.
  • the embossing is mechanically more stable and the information content on the sides is clearly separated from one another.
  • the embossing and the printing of the substrate are particularly preferably carried out in one operation, for example by using an ink-carrying intaglio printing process.
  • the depressions of an intaglio printing plate are at least partially filled with one or more different colors, so that when the printing material is printed, the printing material is not only deformed or embossed, but also has ink applied to it.
  • the substrate preferably comprises paper and/or a film, in particular a translucent film.
  • the substrate, in particular the translucent film is preferably already provided with a reflective layer.
  • the substrate consists entirely of either paper or plastic.
  • the substrate can also consist of different materials in certain areas, and in particular consist of paper in one area and at the same time of plastic in another area, preferably of a translucent film. This makes it possible to emboss different materials as a substrate in one operation.
  • a translucent film is understood here to mean either a transparent or a semi-transparent film, for example a translucent film which contains, for example, polyamide, polyester, polyethylene or biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP).
  • the embossed elements are incorporated into a translucent film.
  • This translucent film can, for example, at least partially cover an opening in an opaque document of value.
  • at least some of the non-linear embossed elements are designed to be tactilely detectable, so that the viewer can not only recognize them visually, but can also feel them, for example, with the fingertips.
  • the embossed structure is advantageously provided with a transparent cover layer, for example a coating or filling, which levels the cells and thus, in particular, prevents the optically variable structure from being moldable.
  • the transparent cover layer forms a planar surface or a more planar surface than the embossed structure.
  • carrier materials made of cotton fibers, wood fibers (paper, cardboard) or polymers come into consideration as the substrate of the security element.
  • the substrate can be multi-layered. In particular, it can consist of only one material, for example several paper layers, cardboard layers or polymer layers, or have a hybrid structure made of different materials, such as polymer film and paper or cardboard layer layer.
  • the security element can be part of a data carrier providing the substrate, so that the substrate of the security element represents part of the substrate of the data carrier.
  • the security element can also be applied with its substrate to a data carrier or incorporated into a data carrier, so that the security element and the data carrier each have their own separate substrate.
  • the invention also includes a data carrier with a security element of the type described, the security element in advantageous configurations is arranged in or above a window area or a continuous opening of the data carrier.
  • a data carrier can in particular be a document of value, such as a banknote, in particular a paper banknote, a polymer banknote or a foil composite banknote, a share, a bond, a certificate, a voucher, a check, a high-quality admission ticket, but also an ID card , such as a credit card, bank card, cash card, authorization card, ID card, or passport personalization page.
  • the data carrier or the product or packaging has a film element that is secured by the security element, in that the security element extends over at least a partial area of the film element and at least one area of the data carrier adjoining the film element. A possible manipulation or even removal of the film element is then immediately noticeable because of the overlapping security element.
  • the foil element can be formed in particular by a security strip, a security thread or a patch.
  • a document of value for example a bank note, an identity document, a check, an electronically readable card—is provided with a security element of the type mentioned.
  • the security element can be applied with its embossed structure to the corresponding object or formed in the object itself, ie in particular an embossed structure in the substrate of the object.
  • a product or product packaging is equipped with the security element for product protection or as protection against product counterfeiting.
  • a document of value for example a bank note, an identification document, a check, an electronically readable card, a product or product packaging is provided with a security element of the type mentioned.
  • a product is equipped with the security element to protect against counterfeiting.
  • the security element can be applied with its embossed structure to the corresponding object or formed in the object itself, ie in particular an embossed structure in the substrate of the object.
  • a product or product packaging is equipped with the security element for product protection or as protection against product counterfeiting.
  • the security element is formed directly on an object, for example a housing or a structural element of an object, in that the embossing and coating takes place directly on the structural element of the object. It is equally possible to form the security element on product packaging or a product label. In this way, the authenticity of a product can be made recognizable to the buyer.
  • FIG 1 shows a bank note B, which has a security element S.
  • the security element S can also be formed at other points on the bank note. It can also be formed on a product, ie an object, or its packaging.
  • the security element S has an embossed structure that is coated with a line screen.
  • figure 2 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the embossed structure of the security element S, in which a plurality of honeycomb cells 1, 2 are provided, which differ in terms of information assigned to them.
  • Cells 1 represent first information I and cells 2 represent second information II in a manner to be explained.
  • figure 2 shows only two of the cells provided for this purpose; in fact, the cells are arranged in a two-dimensional pattern, as will be explained later.
  • the height of a honeycomb cell z. B. was embossed by intaglio printing in a paper substrate is between 10 microns and 2 mm, preferably between 30 microns and 0.5 mm and particularly preferably between 50 microns and 0.3 mm.
  • Each cell has a facet tilted in a specific direction that reflects light from one direction.
  • the surface of the cell is oriented in a different direction, so that the cells 1 present the information I from a first viewing direction and make it visible, the cells 2 the information II from a different direction.
  • this approach is not limited to two pieces of information; three, four, five, etc. Information is possible.
  • Cells that are not assigned to any of the information are referred to as background cells and have, for example, a surface that is not designed as a facet, ie are not embossed, or have a specific, uniform facet orientation.
  • Figure 3a 1 shows an example of the orientation of the flat facets, symbolized by arrows 3, 4.
  • the arrows 3, 4 indicate the direction of the line of fall along which a facet is inclined.
  • Figure 3b shows a section through cell 1 along arrow 3, Figure 3c through the cell 2 along the arrow 4.
  • the cell 1 producing the information I has a facet 7 with an inclination angle of ⁇ 1 and a depth of t1.
  • the angle of inclination is related to the plane E of the substrate or an embossing plate surface with which the substrate is embossed.
  • the cell 2, which generates the information II has a facet 9 with an inclination angle of a2 and a depth of t2.
  • the depths t1, t2 indicate the surface height difference of the facet 7, 9.
  • depth t (and thus the difference in surface height) and angle of inclination ⁇ are linked by extent a.
  • the angle of inclination is decisive for the reflection properties.
  • the depth is an important parameter for manufacturing. In the case of intaglio printing, the depth can be set between 0 and 350 ⁇ m, with a range of 10 and 120 ⁇ m being preferred. Depending on the height a of the cell, this results in an angle of inclination ⁇ between 0 and 80°, preferably between 10 and 70°. Since cells of uniform extent and with planar facets are considered below, their surface orientation can be specified by the direction of the line of dip and the angle of inclination.
  • the contrast of the encoded information I or II depends, among other things, on the steepness of the return edge 8, 10 from the facet 7, 9 to the surface level E.
  • Cells 1, 2 fill a desired area.
  • the outline shape of this area can be chosen arbitrarily.
  • figure 4 shows an embodiment with a substantially rectangular area.
  • the cells can have a semi-transparent or opaque reflective layer.
  • the reflective layer is preferably a metallic or high-index layer.
  • the reflective layer can be applied before or after the embossed structure is introduced, in particular over the entire surface.
  • the reflective layer is preferably created by printing an ink (or a lacquer) with metallic pigments.
  • the metallic pigments are nanoscale pigments or flat pigments, in particular with an average length in the range from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the planar pigments can be rigid or so flexible that they adapt to the embossing structure. It would be less cost-effective to vapor-deposit the reflective layer (CVD, PVD).
  • the reflective layer is particularly preferably created by means of printing processes (eg offset, screen printing), then printed in color and then embossed.
  • the reflective layer is first embossed and then printed in color.
  • the reflective layer is applied to the film as a film application (eg as a hot or cold transfer film) or as a laminated metallic layer. It is then printed in color using a printing process and embossed (before or after printing - optional).
  • the cells have a minimum size of more than 10 ⁇ m, preferably more than 30 ⁇ m, in particular more than 100 ⁇ m, but have a maximum size of 1 mm.
  • the minimum size for example a width, a diagonal, a diameter or an edge length of a cell, is measured laterally, i.e. in relation to the ground plane.
  • the embossing height is at most 300 ⁇ m, preferably at most 150 ⁇ m, particularly preferably at most 100 ⁇ m, and is in particular in the range from 10 to 120 ⁇ m, preferably 25 to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 25 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the aspect ratio (height to width) is preferably 1:1.3.
  • the area of the cells is between 100 ⁇ m 2 and 1 mm 2 , preferably between 900 ⁇ m 2 and 250,000 ⁇ m 2 , in particular between 10,000 ⁇ m 2 and 250,000 ⁇ m 2 , more preferably between 90,000 ⁇ m 2 and 250,000 ⁇ m 2 .
  • figure 5 shows an exemplary 2D pattern of cells 1, 2 for representing the two pieces of information I and II.
  • the area assigned to the information II corresponds to the capital letter "B" and is occupied by cells 2.
  • the areas that do not belong to either of the two pieces of information I and II are filled with cells for a background H.
  • the cells 1, 2 corresponding to the figure 3 executed the information I or II appears depending on the azimuth angle of the viewing.
  • FIG 5 Areas not filled with cells within the sections encoding the information in I and II can be filled with cells 1 or 2, so that there is a further increase in contrast for the information. They can also be filled with background H cells for a smoother appearance. However, more than two pieces of information can also be encoded in the embossed structure.
  • figure 5 shows that the cells 1 and 2 have a specific orientation of the facets 7, 9, which ensures that the coded information I or II changes in a tilting effect.
  • each piece of information can optionally change within a viewing angle range when tilted.
  • This property is in figure 6 shown.
  • the direction of the fall line is indicated by the direction of the arrow and the angle of inclination ⁇ 1 by the indication of the angle.
  • Different cells are thus provided for the information I; They are in figure 6 denoted by reference numerals 1a and 1b.
  • the addition of the lower-case letter designates the individual design of the cells 1 for the first information I.
  • Varying tilt angles for the cells 2 are in figure 6 Cells 2a and 2b shown. Background H cells have a uniform dip line and angle of inclination or are unstructured.
  • the cells 1 also have a uniform direction of the line of fall, but a varied angle of inclination ⁇ 1. It fluctuates between -60° and +60° degrees.
  • the information I can be recognized in a specific viewing angle range and changes in the sense of a three-dimensional appearance when the security element S is tilted in this viewing angle range.
  • Information II differs from information I in that the fall line has a different direction. Information I and II can each be identified if the security element is rotated appropriately about the surface normal, which is perpendicular to the security element.
  • figure 7 shows an example of the variation in the angle of inclination for the information I.
  • figure 7 shows no cells for the second information II. This is only for simplified explanation.
  • the areas for information I and II are arranged next to each other. This is optional. In terms of greater security against forgery, it is preferred that the areas overlap, i.e. cells 1 and 2, as is shown in figure 4 shown are nested within each other. This means that cells 1 and cells 2 border one another several times, i.e. not just at a border between two areas, as is shown in figure 5 is the case, but that cells 1 surround cells 2 and vice versa.
  • Such a configuration has the advantage that the information I and II appear on the same surface of the security element, depending on the azimuth angle of the viewing.
  • a cell type pattern preferably contains a regularly repeating arrangement of cells of two, preferably three, more preferably four different cell types.
  • the Figures 8a to 12 relate to an alternative embodiment of the embossed structure.
  • the Figures 8a and 8b 12 schematically show a substrate in cross section into which a pyramidal or prismatic embossed structure 11 is embossed, the embossed structure 11 presenting different information depending on the viewing angle.
  • the information is encoded on the left flank of the embossed structure 11 by an additional surface element 12, which has a left flank 14, which is aligned almost perpendicularly to the plane of the substrate, and a right flank 13, which is parallel or almost parallel to the right flank of the embossed structure 11 is aligned.
  • parallel or almost parallel means that the angle between the right flank 13 and the substrate is equal or almost equal to the angle between the right flank of the embossed structure 11 and the substrate.
  • the surface element 12 is thus inverse or almost inverse to the left flank of the embossed structure 11.
  • two pieces of information are encoded by two surface elements 12 and 12 ′ on the left and the right flank of the embossed structure 11 .
  • the planar element 12' has a right flank 14', which is aligned almost perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, and a left flank 13', which is aligned parallel or almost parallel to the left flank of the embossed structure 11.
  • the surface element 12' is thus inverse or almost inverse to the right flank of the embossed structure 11.
  • a tilting effect results from the reflection of the light impinging on the differently inclined flanks in different angular ranges.
  • Figure 9a shows two motifs by way of example, which are created by the arrangement of different surface elements on the prism-shaped in its basic form Embossing structures are shown.
  • Figure 9a which shows the security element in plan view, the different information I and II are shown in different hatchings for better illustration.
  • the embossed structures on the security element run as grooves from left to right in the exemplary embodiment.
  • Figures 9b to 9e show the cross section or the end face of the embossed structure in the different areas of the Figure 9a .
  • Figure 9b shows the embossed structure 21 in in Figure 9a
  • the field displayed in white does not contain any additional information, ie the field appears as a background.
  • This field is formed by a prismatic embossed structure 21 that has no surface elements.
  • Figure 9c shows the embossed structure 22 in in Figure 9a field hatched from bottom left to top right, the outline of which shows first information I in the form of a star, which can only be seen in a first viewing angle range.
  • the star is encoded by surface elements located on the right flank of the prismatic basic shape. They lead to a changed reflection behavior of the embossed structure 22. Among other things, the surface elements cast a shadow on the right flank of the prismatic basic form, whereby the embossed structure 22 appears darker within the first viewing angle range at the points with surface element than in surrounding areas.
  • the first piece of additional information ie the star, disappears.
  • Figure 9d shows the embossing structure 23 for the field hatched from top left to top right, the outline of which contains second information II in the form of a shows the heart, which can only be seen under a second viewing angle range, which is different from the first viewing angle range and/or only partially overlaps it.
  • the heart is shaped accordingly by the embossed structure 23 Figure 9c formed, which has one or more surface elements on the left flank of the prism-shaped basic structure. It also leads to a changed reflection behavior of the embossed structure 23, among other things due to the shadowing described.
  • the second piece of additional information ie the heart, disappears.
  • Figure 9e shows the area in which the first and the second information I and II overlap.
  • the star can be seen in the first viewing angle area and the heart can be seen in the second viewing angle area, for which purpose the embossed structure 24 according to FIG Figure 9e is formed.
  • Figure 10a and b show two variants in an oblique view of how the surface element 12' can be arranged on or in the flank of the prism-shaped embossed structure 11.
  • the surface element 12' is placed on the flank of the prism-shaped embossed structure 11; according to Figure 10b the flank has a recess 15 into which the surface element 12' is introduced.
  • the explanations based on the surface element 12' in FIGS. 10a and 10b naturally also apply equally to the surface elements on the opposite flank, ie the surface elements 12. It is particularly advantageous if according to figure 11 the angle ⁇ of the left flank of the surface element 12' and the angle ⁇ of the left flank of the basic shape are the same, ie the two flanks are aligned parallel to one another.
  • the Figures 10a and 10b show surface elements 12 ', which are significantly shorter than the prismatic basic shape of the embossed structure 11. This can be used to encode information pixel-like by a variety of surface elements 12 or 12'. Each cell is then formed by the longitudinal extension of the surface elements 12 or 12 ′ along the extension of the roof-like prismatic structure 11 . This represents a modification to the construction of the Figures 9a to 9b are, in which the surface elements 12 and 12 'run through over the entire longitudinal extent of the prismatic structure 21 to 24.
  • the embossed structure is not limited to a prismatic basic shape. Rather, it is equally possible to generate the cells, which act as pixels, by using a pyramid-shaped basic shape for the embossed structure.
  • FIG. 12 represents a pyramidal embossed structure 16, which has a rectangular or square base.
  • the surface element 12 is formed on a roof surface of this pyramid 16, which essentially corresponds in its function to the surface element 12 of the pyramid-shaped basic structure 11, for example the surface element of FIG Figure 10a is equivalent to.
  • An embodiment with a recess 15 as in Figure 10b is equally possible.
  • the planar element 12 has the same effect as the planar element 12 in the representation of FIG Figure 8a .
  • the size of a pixel is then automatically given by the base area of the pyramid 16 .
  • the use of pyramids has the advantage that a pyramid provides four different alignments for the surface elements on the four roof surfaces and thus four different pieces of information can be encoded.
  • figure 13 shows a schematic arrangement for the representation of two pieces of information, here the capital letter "E" and a cross.
  • a prismatic design of the roof surfaces and surface elements is used Figures 9b to 9e deployed. This is referred to by the reference numerals figure 13 .
  • the different cross-sectional shapes are illustrated by different hatching.
  • the dividing lines within the area are intended to illustrate that the channel-shaped embossed structure can be arranged both vertically and horizontally. If a trough-shaped prism structure is used, only one of the two arrangements is provided. figure 13 shows two options in this respect.
  • the channel-shaped embossing structure has a multiplicity of cells, each corresponding to Figure 10a or 10b are designed. Each cell then corresponds to a box of the figure 13 , wherein the corresponding reference numbers assigned to the hatching symbolize the arrangement of the surface element on the left, the right or on both flanks of the channel-shaped embossed structure.
  • the cells ie the embossed structure, carries both a surface element for displaying one piece of information and a surface element for displaying the other piece of information.
  • FIG figure 14 refers to an embodiment in which a single cell encodes only one of two pieces of information, for example because it is provided with an inclined surface according to the design of FIG figures 2 or because there is no need to provide two different surface elements 12 and 12' at the same time. In the overlap area, the information is therefore, as for this case in figure 5 also indicated, achieved by an interleaving of the cells associated with the different information.
  • figure 14 uses the reference numerals 1 and 2 as an example in this regard to refer to the different cells according to FIG figure 2 to point out; this is purely an example.
  • figure 16 illustrates how the conspicuous, e.g. colored, movement effect comes about. It shows a top view of a section of the security element figure 15 , the cells 34 being symbolized by round circles only as an example.
  • the security element S has an optically variable structure that is formed by a combination of the embossed structure and a coating.
  • the coating comprises eg a highly reflective background layer, e.g a full-area reflective silver-colored print layer with a high gloss value, which is screen-printed
  • the silver background layer 26 gives the security element 12 its basically shiny metallic appearance. It is provided with the information through the embossed structure.
  • a colored, for example gold-colored, line grid 30 consisting of a plurality of lines 32 oriented essentially in the same way is printed on the background layer.
  • the lines 32 do not intersect one another and have a distance that is largely, but not completely constant along the length of the lines, and are therefore also referred to as almost parallel in the context of this description.
  • the line width b of the lines 32 is the same for all lines 32 in the exemplary embodiment and is constant along the longitudinal extent of the lines.
  • the coating formed by the background layer and the line grid 30 is combined with the embossed structure, which consists of a two-dimensional square grid of cells 34 here.
  • the grid width Wp of the cell grid is slightly larger than the base area diameter dp and is 1.2*dp in the exemplary embodiment, so that the grid width Wp of the embossed element grid is also 300 ⁇ m and therefore corresponds to the mean screen width WL of the line screen.
  • each cell 34 should in principle carry a line segment 36, but due to the specific course of the lines 32 there can also be some cells 34 in the embossed structure on which no line segment 36 comes to rest, or a specific sub-area the embossed structure is deliberately not covered with line segments in order to create a static substructure within the dynamic movement effect of the optically variable structure.
  • the parameter 'position of the line on the cell' is of particular importance.
  • this line segment position can be specified by a location-dependent phase function ⁇ (x,y), which depends on the position (x,y) of the cell 34 within the optically variable structure and whose function value is the relative position of the line segment 36 on the cell perpendicular to the length dimension of the line segment 36 normalized to the unit interval [0,1].
  • the line segments 36 arranged on the cells 34 produce a different color and brightness impression, which, given a location-dependent position of the lines on the cells 34, also depends on the position of the respective cell 34 within the optically variable structure.
  • the line structure therefore already shows a predetermined motif when viewed from a fixed viewing direction, such as the figure 23 waveform 60 shown. If the security element S is tilted so that, for example, the viewing direction changes from the vertical direction to an oblique direction, the color and brightness of the motif change fluently, in particular differently locally, so that the impression of movement is created.
  • the line segments 36 that were previously at the highest point reach the lower flanks of the cells 34 from the viewer's point of view due to the tilting and therefore recede visually.
  • the line segments 36 previously lying on the upper flanks are tilted to the highest point, so that they now dominate the visual appearance.
  • the associated cells 34 all lie substantially along the diagonals 52 rotated counterclockwise through an angle 18 so that, after tilting 16, an appearance with four vanes rotated counterclockwise through an angle 18 results.
  • tilting the security element 12 upwards results in an apparent clockwise rotation of the wings.
  • the coating of a security element can also contain two or more line grids, with the parameters 'position of the line on the cell, 'orientation of the line on the cell' and 'shape of the line' may vary independently.
  • the line grids can therefore in particular also produce different movement effects or the same movement effects in different directions.
  • the lines of the line grid are advantageously applied with different colors in order to differentiate the movement effects of the line grid in terms of color.
  • FIG. shows figure 19 the security element with two line grids.
  • this security element 70 the embossed structure already described above is combined with a coating which contains two line grids 72, 74 in addition to the highly reflective background layer.
  • the red line grid 72 produces a red windmill structure with four wings, which rotate counterclockwise when the security element 70 is tilted downwards.
  • the phase function ⁇ 3 (x,y) is rotated 45° to the right compared to the phase function ⁇ 1 (x,y) and its function values also decrease as the angle increases.
  • the blue line grid in combination with the embossed structure, therefore creates a blue windmill structure with four wings, which in the initial position are rotated 45° against the wings of the red windmill structure when viewed vertically, and which move downwards when the security element 70 is tilted to rotate clockwise.
  • a security element with two opposing colored rotation effects is very noticeable to the viewer and therefore has a high attention and recognition value.
  • a further exemplary embodiment of a security element 90 with line grids 92, 94 of different colors is shown in figure 20 shown, with only the line grids shown without the projected cells for the sake of simplicity are.
  • the line grids 92, 94 are screen printed with different colors, for example red and blue.
  • the security element 90 When viewed perpendicularly, the security element 90 provided with a highly reflective background layer 26 and the two line grids 92, 94 shows alternating vertical red and blue stripes, which appear to move to the right or left when the security element is tilted in the tilting direction 96, i.e. orthoparallax Show movement behavior in which the direction of movement is perpendicular to the direction of tilt.
  • the apparent movement in the two sub-areas is a mirror image of one another, so that, for example, when the security element 90 is tilted downwards, the vertical red and blue stripes in the sub-area 98-L move downwards Walk to the left and then to the right in subarea 98-R.
  • the plurality of line grids 102, 104 of a security element 100 can also be perpendicular to one another, for example in the case of a square cell grid, as in FIG figure 21 illustrated.
  • the lines of the line grid 102 extend there essentially along the x-axis and therefore produce a movement effect when the security element 100 is tilted in the tilting direction 106, perpendicular to the x-axis.
  • the lines of the line grid 104 extend essentially along the y-axis and therefore produce a movement effect when the security element 100 is tilted in the tilting direction 108, perpendicular to the y-axis.
  • figure 22 shows a plan view of a section of a security element 200.
  • the embossed structure 202 of the security element 200 also has a partial area 204 with elongated cells 206 in addition to the two-dimensional grid of rotationally symmetrical cells. As already explained above, they can be embodied, for example, as elliptical, oval or channel-shaped.
  • the elongated cells 206 lie with their longitudinal direction parallel to the x-axis and their transverse direction parallel to the y-axis.
  • the different, elongated shape of the cells 206 leads to perceptible deviations in the appearance produced by the line grid 30 in the partial area 204 only when tilted about the y-axis.
  • figure 23 shows that the motifs produced with the tilting effect, which are provided by the embossed structures, interact advantageously with the movement effect caused by the printed line grid, since both effects occur when the security element is tilted.
  • the information I (and optionally also information II) is generated by the embossed structure.
  • the value number is only visible in the specified viewing angle range. Previously you only see the boat, which is optionally no longer visible even if you tilt it again.
  • the viewer preferably first sees the moving motif 60 and the boat II as a static motif.
  • the moving motif is a blue wave movement in front of a metallic gray background (colorful-achromatic).
  • the boat II is, for example, designed in black or in a dark hue, such as dark green. In the given Viewing angle range, the number I appears as a lighter area, i.e. grey, possibly metallic, or light green (achromatic-achromatic or chromatic-chromatic). Additionally, the line structure creates the wavy motion effect during tilting.
  • Figure 24a shows the imprint of the line structure 30 on the embossed structure 11, which is designed here as an example with a prism-shaped basic structure, in a perspective view, figure 24 the one in section.
  • the position of the lines 30, which deviates from the exact parallelism as described, automatically ensures that there are higher and lower sections of the line structure along the embossed structures 11.
  • figure 25 shows an example of a possible arrangement of differently colored lines 30a, 30b on an embossed honeycomb structure.
  • the width of the lines 30a, 30b is greater than the height of a cell 34, so that they each cover several cells.
  • the two right representations in figure 25 are a sectional view through the dot-dash line of the left-hand representation for two different variants.
  • the embossed structure is designed in a form like a blaze grating, which would have a different structure size, so that the lines 30a, 30b are stepped. Because of the size of the structure
  • the embossed structures are arranged in the form of an inclined plane.
  • Such embossed structures which form contiguous cells with a common gradient in partial areas, can be overprinted with the line structure will.
  • the tilting direction (north or south) has to be identical.
  • the edge steepness of the individual cells 34 only influences the brilliance of the color appearance at the exact viewing angle.
  • the inner circle diameter of a cell 34 is smaller than the line width of a line 30a, 30b. In the representation of figure 25 When the grid is tilted, there is also a color change as a movement effect.
  • each cell 34 is covered by a line.
  • the overlap can only be very small (cf. overlap with the top line of the line grid structures 30b).
  • figure 27 shows two optional aspects.
  • figure 27 Figure 12 shows a first region of honeycomb cells 34, a further region of elongated cells 34 and a transition zone therebetween where the shape of the honeycomb structure is conformed to the elongated shape. These aspects of figure 27 can be used independently of each other.

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Claims (14)

  1. Elément de sécurité, cependant que
    - l'élément de sécurité (S) comporte une structure gaufrée optiquement variable ayant une pluralité de cellules (34) agencées en une représentation,
    - les cellules (34) ont au moins un élément de surface (3, 4, 12, 12') non aligné parallèlement au plan de base de l'élément de sécurité,
    cependant qu'un groupe d'éléments de surface (3, 4, 12, 12') qui présentent un motif (I) ayant un effet de basculement de motif est prévu, qui donc, en fonction de l'angle d'observation, présentent ou ne présentent pas le motif (I),
    - la structure gaufrée est pourvue d'un revêtement,
    - le revêtement comprend une impression sous forme d'une trame (30) ayant des éléments de trame,
    - l'impression constitue un deuxième motif (60) qui est reconnaissable pour l'observateur,
    - l'effet de basculement de motif comporte un contraste de couleur du type coloré-coloré, coloré-non coloré ou non coloré-non coloré,
    - au moins un des paramètres, position de l'élément de trame (32) sur la cellule (34), orientation de l'élément de trame (32) sur la cellule (36) et forme de l'élément de trame (32) varie en fonction de la localisation au-dessus de l'étendue de la structure gaufrée, de telle sorte que l'effet de basculement de motif du premier motif (I) est complété par un effet de mouvement du deuxième motif (60),
    - l'effet de mouvement présente un contraste de couleur du type coloré-coloré, coloré-non coloré ou non coloré-non coloré, caractérisé en ce que
    - le type de contraste de couleur de l'effet de mouvement se différencie du type de contraste de couleur de l'effet de basculement.
  2. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les cellules (34) de la structure gaufrée ont un contour extérieur uniforme, en particulier contour et taille, cependant que les cellules de la structure gaufrée se différencient de préférence les unes des autres par l'alignement des éléments de surface et/ou par la présence des éléments de surface.
  3. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que l'effet de mouvement du deuxième motif (60) est un effet de mouvement linéaire, un effet de pompage ou un effet de rotation.
  4. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les cellules (34) sont réalisées sous forme d'une pluralité de rainures (11) allongées et les éléments de surface (12) du groupe sont réalisés à un côté de flanc des rainures (11), cependant que, en option, des éléments de surface (12') d'un autre groupe sont réalisés à un côté opposé de flanc des rainures (11).
  5. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le groupe des éléments de surface (3, 4, 12, 12') ne sont prévus que dans une zone partielle de la structure gaufrée, de telle sorte que l'effet de basculement n'est engendré que là.
  6. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les cellules (34) sont agencées en une représentation 2D et ont la forme d'un quadrilatère régulier et/ou présentent une symétrie de révolution.
  7. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le groupe des éléments de surface (3, 4, 12, 12') présente le même alignement.
  8. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les cellules (34), dans une première section de la structure gaufrée, ont la forme d'un quadrilatère régulier et/ou présentent une symétrie de révolution et sont agencées en une représentation 2D, et que les cellules (34), dans une deuxième section de la structure gaufrée, sont réalisées sous forme de rainures juxtaposées s'étendant le long d'une direction.
  9. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les cellules (34) ont une première forme dans une première section et ont une deuxième forme dans une deuxième section, cependant que, dans une troisième section située entre la première et la deuxième section, les cellules présentent une transition de forme passant de la forme des cellules (34) de la première section à la forme des cellules (34) de la deuxième section, en particulier ont la forme d'un polygone étiré le long de la direction et/ou d'un ovale et/ou d'une ellipse.
  10. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre groupe d'éléments de surface (3, 4, 12, 12') est prévu, lequel présente de telle façon un troisième motif (II) ayant un effet de basculement de motif qu'un changement de motif passant du premier motif (I) au troisième motif (II) est engendré, cependant que, de préférence, les éléments de surface (12, 12') des deux groupes sont alignés le long d'une direction préférentielle commune, et/ou le premier motif (I) et le troisième motif (II) sont agencés au moins partiellement de manière se chevauchant.
  11. Elément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement comprend une couche réfléchissante et/ou les éléments de trame points, lignes ou symboles.
  12. Objet tel que document de valeur, produit fini ou emballage de produit, pourvu d'un élément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 11, cependant que l'élément de sécurité est appliqué avec un propre substrat sur le substrat de l'objet, ou l'élément de sécurité est réalisé avec la structure gaufrée dans le substrat de l'objet.
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité (S) ayant une structure gaufrée optiquement variable, cependant que
    - dans le substrat, une structure gaufrée est gaufrée, laquelle a une pluralité de cellules (34) agencées en une représentation, cependant que les cellules (34) ont un élément de surface (3, 4, 12, 12') non aligné parallèlement au plan de base de l'élément de sécurité,
    cependant que la structure gaufrée comporte un revêtement,
    cependant qu'un groupe d'éléments de surface (3, 4, 12, 12') est prévu, lequel présente pour l'observateur un premier motif seulement dans une zone dépendant de l'angle d'observation, de telle sorte que la structure gaufrée montre un effet de basculement de motif,
    - le revêtement est pourvu d'une impression sous forme d'une trame (30) ayant des éléments de trame (30),
    - l'effet de basculement de motif présente un contraste de couleur du type coloré-coloré, coloré-non coloré ou non coloré-non coloré,
    - au moins un des paramètres, position de l'élément de trame (32) sur la cellule (34), orientation de l'élément de trame (32) sur la cellule (36) et forme de l'élément de trame (32) varie en fonction de la localisation au-dessus de l'étendue de la structure gaufrée, de telle sorte que l'effet de basculement de motif du premier motif est complété par un effet de mouvement,
    - l'effet de mouvement présente un contraste de couleur du type coloré-coloré, coloré-non coloré ou non coloré-non coloré, et
    - le type de contraste de couleur de l'effet de mouvement se différencie du type de contraste de couleur de l'effet de basculement.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément de sécurité suivant une des revendications de 1 à 11 est fabriqué.
EP18745823.7A 2017-07-21 2018-07-18 Élément de sécurité à structure en relief optiquement variable Active EP3655254B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18745823T PL3655254T3 (pl) 2017-07-21 2018-07-18 Element bezpieczeństwa ze zmienną optycznie strukturą tłoczoną

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DE102017006949.2A DE102017006949A1 (de) 2017-07-21 2017-07-21 Sicherheitselement mit optisch variabler Prägestruktur
PCT/EP2018/000374 WO2019015802A1 (fr) 2017-07-21 2018-07-18 Élément de sécurité à structure en relief optiquement variable

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EP3655254B1 true EP3655254B1 (fr) 2022-05-04

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WO2024054132A1 (fr) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Акционерное общество "Гознак" (АО "Гознак") Support d'informations sécurisé à effet optique alternant et procédé de fabrication

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DE10044465A1 (de) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-21 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Datenträger mit einem optisch variablen Element
DE102007035161A1 (de) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit mehreren optisch variablen Strukturen
DE102011114645A1 (de) 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit einer optisch variablen Struktur aus Mikrospiegeln
DE102011114647A1 (de) 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit mehreren optisch variablen Strukturen
DE102013000152A1 (de) 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselements mit einer lasersensitiven Aufzeichnungsschicht
DE102014018512A1 (de) 2014-12-12 2016-06-16 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Optisch variables Sicherheitselement

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DE102017006949A1 (de) 2019-01-24
PL3655254T3 (pl) 2022-06-20
EP3655254A1 (fr) 2020-05-27

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