EP3647152B1

EP3647152B1 - A system comprising a coupler and a traction beam

Info

Publication number: EP3647152B1
Application number: EP18209116.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Xuechao ZHANG; Xiaofei Wang; Wensui BAI
Original assignee: CRRC Shandong Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Shandong Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-31
Filing date: 2018-11-29
Publication date: 2022-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-29
Also published as: EP3647152A1; CN109466581B; CN109466581A

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the technical field of carriage connection, in particular to a coupler.

BACKGROUND

A coupler is often used for the connection between a locomotive and a carriage, or between carriages so as to transmit traction force and impact force, and used as a carriage connection for keeping a certain distance between carriages or between a locomotive and a carriage.
An existing coupler is often fixed in a traction beam, and the coupler comprises a hook, a support base and a draft lug. The support base and the draft lug are located in the traction beam, where the support base is fixed to the traction beam by a bolt, the draft lug is welded to the traction beam, and the support base abuts against the draft lug, and the hook passes through the draft lug and connects with the support base.
However, a weld seam between the draft lug and the traction beam is located in the traction beam, and a crack of the weld seam is not easily to be found, increasing safety hazard of the carriage. To ensure the connection strength between the draft lug and the traction beam, a long weld seam between the draft lug and the traction beam is required, increasing the length of the draft lug, and thus a large installation space for fixing of the hook by the support base and draft lug is needed. In addition, when the carriage is initially subjected to a traction force from the hook, the carriage is caused to shake.
CN108639074A discloses a railway transport bulk cargo vehicle, comprising a vehicle body for carrying cargoes, and a ballast unloading system for unloading cargoes and a bogie for supporting the vehicle body to operate are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body; and a non-locomotive traction device is arranged at the lower side of the end of the vehicle body. The railway transport bulk cargo vehicle is applied to a non-locomotive or a low-power power plant so as to pull the railway transport cargo vehicle to a warehouse position, so that the problem of wasting a lot of time in connection work and energy in pulling the railway transport bulk cargo vehicle is solved when the non-locomotive or the low-power power plant are used, and the problem of not being able to pull back special engineering vehicles in time due to factors such as insufficient number of locomotives and the locomotives not approaching into the station is solved.
DE3616166A1 discloses a rail vehicle with a traction device formed essentially from a spring (1), a traction rod (2) and a plate-shaped support bearing (3), the said traction device is held on longitudinal bearers (5) of the underframe via horizontal flanges (3a) of its support bearing (3) by means of screw connections (4), and can be supported in the pulling direction via the front face (3b) of its support bearing (3) on rear end faces (5b) of traction stops (5a) attached on the bearer side. In order to be able to span virtually without force, that is to say without loading the support bearing (3) with significant bending forces, an air gap which may be present between the front face (3b) of the support bearing (3) and the rear end faces (5b) of the traction stops (5a), the screw connections (4) each have an elastically resilient element (6), (Fig. 2).
EP0029128A1 discloses a pull gear for rail vehicles, substantially consisting of a support plate (2) connectable to the vehicle, a draw rod (7) which penetrates through the support plate (2), a spring (1), preferably a fraction spring, and a housing (6) surrounding the outer area of the spring (1), the draw rod (7) comprising a coupling member (7a) at its front end and a nut (4) at its rear end, and the spring (1) being supported on the one hand, from the rear with respect to the support plate (2) and, on the other, against a drawing element (5) which is arranged ahead of the nut (4) and - at least when the nut (4) is not yet mounted - rests against an inwardly directed collar (6a) of the housing (6), characterized in that the front end of the spring (1) is supported at the inner face (3a) of a base plate (3) which may be applied from the rear against the support plate (2) ; and in that the housing (6) is connected in a traction-resistant manner to the base plate (3), the spring (1), the base plate (3), the housing (6), and the drawing element (5) forming a pre-stressed assembly unit.

SUMMARY

The present invention provides a system comprising a coupler and a traction beam, which can reduce safety hazard of a carriage and save the installation space of a hook, and at the same time, avoid shake of the carriage when the carriage is initially subjected to a traction force from the hook.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a a system comprising a coupler and a traction beam, wherein the coupler is fixed on a traction beam, and comprises a hook, a mounting seat and a buffering device, wherein the hook comprises a hook body and a rod body extending from the hook body, and the hook body is located outside the traction beam, the rod body is located in the traction beam; the mounting seat is provided with a first through hole and a plurality of first mounting holes, and an axial direction of the first through hole is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the traction beam, and an axial direction of the first mounting hole is parallel to a transverse direction of the traction beam; the mounting seat is located in the traction beam, and is connected to the traction beam by bolts inserted in the first mounting holes; the buffering device is disposed in the traction beam, and one end of the buffering device passes through the first through hole and connects with the rod body, and the other end of the buffering device abuts against the mounting seat, where the mounting seat is a rectangular block, comprising two end faces and two side faces; the first through hole penetrates through the two end faces, and the plurality of the first mounting holes are located on the two side faces; and the mounting seat is connected to the traction beam by the two side faces.
Further, the buffering device comprises an end cover, a connecting shaft, a connecting lug and an elastic rubber component, wherein two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively connected to the end cover and the connecting lug; the connecting lug passes through the first through hole and hinges with the rod body; the elastic rubber component is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and two ends of the elastic rubber component respectively abut against the end cover and the mounting seat.
Further, the elastic rubber component comprises a plurality of elastic rubber blocks sleeved on the connecting shaft, and a partition is disposed between two adjacent elastic rubber blocks. The partition is sleeved on the connecting shaft.
Further, one end of the connecting shaft close to the end cover is provided with a nut, and an anti-off pin for preventing the nut from coming off.
Further, the connecting lug comprises a main body and two ears spaced on the main body, and the two ears are respectively provided with a second through hole. One end of the rod body is inserted between the two ears, and is connected to the connecting lug by a pin shaft inserted into the second through hole.
Further, a limiting piece is disposed on the mounting seat close to the pin shaft. The limiting piece is located at one end of the second through hole close to the rod body, for preventing the coupler from moving toward the buffering device.
Further, the coupler further comprises a first hanging ring, a second hanging ring and an adjusting device disposed between the first hanging ring and the second hanging ring. The adjusting device comprises a first slider, a second slider and a threaded rod. Two ends of the threaded rod are provided with a first thread segment and a second thread segment that are opposite in thread direction. The first slider is sleeved on the first thread segment, and the second slider is sleeved on the second thread segment. One end of the first hanging ring is connected to the first slider, and the other end of the first hanging ring is connected to the hook. One end of the second hanging ring is connected to the second slider, and the other end of the second hanging ring is connected to an adjacent coupler to be connected.
Further, the threaded rod is provided with a handle. The handle is located between the first thread segment and the second thread segment.
Further, a supporting column is disposed at an end of the traction beam close to the hook. When the second hanging ring is in an idle state, the second hanging ring can be hung on the supporting column.
Compared with the prior art, the coupler provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
In the coupler provided by the present invention, the mounting seat is mounted on the traction beam by bolts, using bolt connection instead of welding, which reduces safety hazard. Further, the mounting seat is used to substitute for the support base and the draft lug, and therefore, there is no need to increase the length of the draft lug, thereby saving the installation space of the hook. One end of the buffering device passes through the first through hole and connects with the rod body, and the other end of the buffering device abuts against the mounting seat, so that when a carriage is subjected to a traction force from the hook, the traction force is slowly applied to the traction beam, which can prevent the carriage from shaking.
In addition to the technical problems that the present invention solves, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought by the technical features of the technical solutions, as described above, the other technical problems that could be solved by the coupler provided by the present invention, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and beneficial effects brought by these technical features will be further described in detail in specific embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. The drawings in the following description are only part of the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms for example "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "below", "front" , "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial" and "circumferential" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the mentioned device or component must have a particular orientation, or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. Thus, this is not to be understood as limiting the present invention.
Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purpose and are not to be understood as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may include at least one the feature, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality of' is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hook of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a mounting seat of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a buffering device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an adjusting device of FIG. 1.

Descriptions for reference numbers in the drawings are as follows:
10-hook, 11-hook body, 12-rod body, 20- mounting seat, 21-first through hole, 22-first mounting hole, 30-buffering device, 31-end cover, 32-connecting shaft, 33-elastic rubber block, 34-partition, 35-connecting lug, 40-adjusting device, 41-first slider, 42-second slider, 43-threaded rod, 44-handle, 50-first hanging ring, 60-second hanging ring, 100- traction beam, 431-first thread segment, 432-second thread segment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

In order to more clearly understand the above described objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, a coupler is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the coupler is fixed on a traction beam 100 and comprises a hook 10, a mounting seat 20 and a buffering device 30, wherein the hook 10 comprises a hook body 11 and a rod body 12 extending from the hook body 11, and the hook body 11 is located outside the traction beam 100, the rod body 12 is located inside the traction beam 100; the mounting seat 20 is provided with a first through hole 21 and a plurality of first mounting holes 22, and an axial direction of the first through hole 21 is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the traction beam 100, and an axial direction of the first mounting hole 22 is parallel to a transverse direction of the traction beam 100, the mounting seat 20 is located in the traction beam 100 and is connected to the traction beam 100 by bolts inserted in the first mounting holes 22; the buffering device is disposed in the traction beam 100, and one end of the buffering device 30 passes through the first through hole 21 and connects with the rod body 12, and the other end of the buffering device 30 abuts against the mounting seat 20.
Specifically, the traction beam 100 is one of main stressed components of a carriage body chassis, a front end of which is connected to a buffer beam, and a rear end is connected to a bolster beam, so as to achieve a transmission of a force. The traction beam 100 provided by the present embodiment mainly comprises two channel steels. The two channel steels are parallel and oppositely arranged in such manner that corresponding two slots deviate from each other, so that two webs form a space for mounting the hook 10, mounting seat 20 and the buffering device 30.
The hook 10 comprises a hook body 11 and a rod body 12, and an end of the hook body 11 is integrally connected with the rod body 12 as a whole. The hook 10 can be made of cast iron material and cast into one body. The hook body 11 is mounted outside the traction beam 100, for connecting with a coupler of an adjacent carriage. The rod body 12 is inserted in the traction beam 100 and connected to the buffering device 30 located in the traction beam 100.
The rod body 12 extends in the longitudinal direction of the traction beam 100, and the mounting seat 20 is fixed to the two webs of the traction beam 100. The mounting seat 20 is provided with the first through hole 21 through which the buffering device 30 passes, and the axial direction of the first through hole 21 is parallel to the installation direction of the rod body 12. The mounting seat 20 is further provided with the first mounting holes 22, and the axial direction of the first mounting holes 22 is parallel to the transverse direction of the traction beam 100. Bolts are inserted in the first mounting holes 22, the mounting seat 20 is fixed to the two webs of the traction beam 100 by the bolts inserted in the first mounting holes 22, achieving a fixed connection between the mounting seat 20 and the traction beam 100.
It can be understood that the mounting base 20 can be provided with two bottom plates and a connecting plate vertically disposed between the two bottom plates. The bottom plates and the connecting plate can be made of steel plates with a certain thickness, and the connecting plate can be welded between the two bottom plates to form an I-shaped structure. The two bottom plates are respectively provided with the plurality of first mounting holes 22, and the connecting plate is provided with the first through hole 21. The number of the first mounting holes 22 can be determined according to connection strength between the mounting seat 20 and the traction beam 100 as required in actual working process. The arrangement way of the first mounting holes 22 in the bottom plates is not limited, and the first mounting holes 22 may be preferably evenly disposed on the bottom plates.
The buffering device 30 is configured to gradually apply a traction force to a carriage when the carriage is subjected to the traction force of the preceding carriage or a locomotive, so as to avoid shake of the carriage caused by a sudden change of the traction force. In this embodiment, the buffering device 30 may be divided into two parts: a connection end and an elastic buffer end.
The connecting plate can be opened at its intermediate portion to form the first through hole 21 through which the connection end of the buffering device 30 passes. The connection end of the buffering device 30 passes through the first through hole 21 and connects with the rod body 12, and an elastic component disposed at the elastic buffer end abuts against the connecting plate.
After completion of connection of the coupler of the carriage, the traction force of the preceding carriage or the locomotive acts on the hook body 11 and is transmitted to the traction beam 100 by the hook body 11. During the transmission, the traction force on the hook body 11 is transmitted along the rod body 12 to the elastic component. Since the elastic component abuts against the connecting plate, the elastic component is compressed by the traction force first, and then the traction force acts on the connecting plate, and transmits to the traction beam 100 via the connecting plate, thereby driving the carriage forward. The buffering device provided in the present embodiment could make the traction force gradually to be applied on the traction beam, which can effectively avoid shake of the carriage caused by a sudden change of the traction force.
Referring to FIG. 4, the mounting seat 20 in the embodiment is preferably designed as a rectangular block, and comprises two end faces and two side faces. The first through hole 21 penetrates through the two end faces, and the plurality of first mounting holes 22 are respectively located on the two side faces. The mounting seat 20 is connected to the traction beam 100 by the two side faces. Specifically, the rectangular block comprises a front end surface, a rear end surface, a left side surface, a right side surface, an upper bottom surface and a lower bottom surface, wherein the front end surface and the rear end surface are perpendicular to the mounting direction of the rod body 12, and the left side surface and the right side surface respectively fits to the web of the traction beam 100. The first through hole 21, which passes through the front end surface and the rear end surface, is arranged between the front end surface and the rear end surface. The first through hole 21 may be, for example, a rectangular hole or a circular hole. The opening of the first through hole 21 needs to ensure the connection end of the buffering device 30 can pass through the first through hole 21. The left side surface and the right side surface are provided with the plurality of first mounting holes 22, respectively. Bolts can be inserted in the first mounting holes 22 to fix the mounting seat 20 onto the traction beam100.
In the present embodiment, the mounting seat 20 is fixedly connected to the traction beam 100 via the side surfaces, instead of a support base being installed on the lower bottom surface of the traction beam 100 via the bottom surface as in prior art. The mounting seat 20 changes the connection form between the coupler and the traction beam 100, making the carriage body design not limited by the coupler, and especially when a new disk surface of a bogie adopted is lower, the size and specifications of the traction beam are no longer restricted by the coupler. The mounting seat replaces the existing draft lug and support base, and the connection of the mounting seat with the traction beam by bolts replaces the existing welding between the draft lug and the traction beam, saving the installation space of the hook, making inspection and maintenance more convenient, and reducing safety hazards.
As shown in FIG. 5, the buffering device 30 of the present embodiment comprises an end cover 31, a connecting shaft 32, a connecting lug 35 and an elastic rubber component. Two ends of the connecting shaft 32 are respectively connected to the end cover 31 and the connecting lug 35. The connecting lug 35 passes through the first through hole 21 to hinge with the rod body 12. The elastic rubber component is sleeved on the connecting shaft 32, and two ends of the elastic rubber component respectively abuts against the end cover 31 and the mounting seat 20.
Specifically, the buffering device 30 comprises the connecting lug 35 located at the connection end of the buffering device 30. The connecting lug 35 can pass through the first through hole 21 of the mounting seat 20 and connect to the rod body 12. The connecting lug 35 has a regular block-shaped structure, one end surface of which is connected with the rod body 12, and the other end is fixed with the connecting shaft 32. The connecting shaft 32 and the rod body 12 can be disposed in the same straight line, avoiding a component force of the traction force in the longitudinal direction of the traction beam 100 and thus making traction force to be completely transmitted to the connecting shaft 32.
The end cover 31 is disposed at an end of the connecting shaft 32 away from the connecting lug 35. The elastic rubber component is sleeved on the connecting shaft 32 between the end cover 31 and the connecting lug 35. The size of the outer contour of the rubber elastic component is larger than that of the opening of the first through hole 21 such that one end of the elastic rubber component firmly abuts against the connecting lug 35, and the other end of the elastic rubber component abuts against the end cover 31. A threaded mounting hole may be disposed at the center of the end cover 31, and is provided with an internal thread. The surface of the connecting shaft 32 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the threaded mounting hole, and the end cover 31 and the connecting shaft 32 are connected together by the external and internal threads.
Under the action of a traction force, the traction force is transmitted by the hook 10 along the rod body 12 to the connecting shaft 32. Under the action of the traction force, the connecting shaft 32 drives the end cover 31 to move toward the connecting lug 35, thereby the end cover 31 compresses the elastic rubber component, and thus the traction force acts slowly on the mounting seat 20 and is transmitted to the traction beam 100, which can prevent the carriage from shaking due to a sudden change of the traction force.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the elastic rubber component comprises a plurality of elastic rubber blocks 33 sleeved on the connecting shaft 32. A partition 34 is disposed between two adjacent elastic rubber blocks 33, and the partition 34 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 32. Specifically, the elastic rubber component comprises the plurality of the elastic rubber blocks 33, and the elastic rubber block 33 is in a shape of circular disk, and the elastic rubber block 33 is provided with a central hole through which the connecting shaft 32 passes, and the partition 34 is disposed between two adjacent elastic rubber blocks 33. The partition 34 may be provided as a circular plate, and the radius of the partition 34 is slightly larger than the radius of the elastic rubber block 33. The partition 34 is also provided with a central hole, and the partition 34 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 32 by the central hole. Disposition of the partition 34 between two adjacent elastic rubber blocks 33 can ensure uniform distribution of the traction force between the adjacent elastic rubber blocks 33, enhancing transmission effect of the traction force between the elastic rubber blocks 33.
On the basis of the above embodiments, an end of the connecting shaft 32 close to the end cover 31 is provided with a nut and an anti-off pin for preventing the nut from coming off. Specifically, the end of the connecting shaft 32 close to the end cover 31 is provided with the nut, and the nut restricts the movement of the end cover 31 along the connecting shaft 32. The anti-off pin is disposed on an end of the nut away from the end cover 31, and the anti-off pin is inserted in the connecting shaft 32 to prevent the nut from loosening. The nut and the anti-off-off pin provided in the present embodiment can improve mounting stability of the end cover 31 on the connecting shaft 32 and enhance the reliability of the buffering device 30.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the connecting lug 35 comprises a main body and two ears spaced on the main body, and the two ears are respectively provided with a second through hole. One end of the rod body 12 is inserted between the two ears, and is connected to the connecting lug 35 by a pin shaft inserted in the second through hole. Specifically, the connecting lug 35 comprises the main body, and one end of the main body is connected to the rod body 12, and the other end of the main body is connected to the connecting shaft 32. The two ears are formed in such manner that the end surface of the main body close to the rod body 12 protrudes toward the rod body 12. The two ears are parallel and oppositely arranged, and form a space for insertion of the rod body 12. The two ears are provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole can be a circular through hole. The centers of the circular through holes are located in the same straight line. An end of the rod body 12 close to the main body is also provided with a circular through hole. An end of the rod body 12 is inserted between the two ears, and the pin shaft passes through the circular through holes of the two ears and the circular through hole of the rod body 12 so that the rod body 12 and the connecting lug 35 are connected together.
Based on the above embodiments, a limiting piece is disposed on the mounting seat 20 close to the pin shaft. The limiting piece is located at an end of the second through hole close to the rod body 12, avoiding the coupler to move toward the buffering device 30. Specifically, the limiting piece is disposed on the mounting seat 20 close to the pin shaft, and the limiting piece is located at the edge of the first through hole 21 and is perpendicular to the mounting direction of the rod body 12, thereby restricting the pin shaft from moving toward the elastic rubber block 33 so as to improve the operation stability of the vehicle.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, the coupler further comprises a first hanging ring 50, a second hanging ring 60 and an adjusting device 40 disposed between the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60. The adjusting device 40 comprises a first slider 41, a second slider 42 and a threaded rod 43. Two ends of the threaded rod 43 are provided with a first thread segment 431 and a second thread segment 432 that are opposite in thread direction. The first slider 41 is sleeved on the first thread segment 431, and the second slider 42 is sleeved on the second thread segment 432. One end of the first hanging ring 50 is connected to the first slider 41, and the other end of the first hanging ring 50 is connected to the hook 10. One end of the second hanging ring 60 is connected to the second slider 42, and the other end of the second hanging ring 60 is connected to an adjacent coupler to be connected.
Specifically, the coupler in this embodiment further comprises the first hanging ring 50, the second hanging ring 60, and the adjusting device 40 connected to both the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60. The adjusting device 40 is used to adjust spacing between the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60, facilitating connection of two adjacent carriages or a locomotive and a carriage, by the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60.
The adjusting device 40 provided in this embodiment comprises the first slider 41, the second slider 42 and the threaded rod 43. Two ends of the threaded rod 43 are provided with the first thread segment 431 and the second thread segment 432. The external thread of the first thread segment 431 has different thread direction from the external thread of the second thread segment 432. The first slider 41 is sleeved on the first thread segment 431, and the second slider 42 is sleeved on the second thread segment 432.
The first hanging ring 50 comprises two connecting rods, and the two connecting rods are oppositely disposed. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the coupler 10, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first slider 41. It can be understood that the coupler 10 is provided with a socket hole, and the pin shaft is inserted to the socket hole, and both ends of the pin shaft protrude from the coupler 10. One end of the connecting rod close to the coupler 10 is sleeved on a portion of the pin shaft protruding from the coupler 10. The first slider 41 is provided with two opposite threaded holes, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the first slider 41 by a bolt, and the bolt mounted on the first slider 41 does not interfere with the threaded rod 43. That is, the bolt on the first slider 41 for fastening the connecting rod does not affect axial sliding of the first slider 41 along the threaded rod 43.
The second hanging ring 60 can be made of a U-shaped ring, the second slider 42 is clamped and installed at the opening of the second hanging ring 60, and is connected to the second hanging ring by a bolt. Similarly, the bolt of the second slider 42 for fastening the second hanging ring 60 does not interfere with the threaded rod 43. That is, the bolt of the second slider 42 for fastening the second hanging ring 60 does not affect axial sliding of the second slider 42 along the threaded rod 43.
After the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60 are respectively connected to the first slider 41 and the second slider 42, the first slider 41 and the second slider 42 can move in opposite directions or towards each other by rotating threaded rod 43. Accordingly, the distance between the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60 may be reduced or increased. When two adjacent carriages or a locomotive and a carriage are connected by the coupler, the second hanging ring 60 may be connected to the coupler of the preceding carriage or locomotive, and the threaded rod 43 is rotated to adjust the distance between the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60, securely mounting the second hanging ring 60 onto the coupler of the preceding carriage or locomotive. In this embodiment, the distance between the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60 is adjusted by the adjusting device, connection error of the couplers of the adjacent carriages is eliminated, and thus the couplers of the two adjacent carriages can be quickly connected.
On the basis of the above embodiments, a handle 44 is disposed on the threaded rod 43, and is located between the first thread segment 431 and the second thread segment 432. Specifically, in order to facilitate the rotation of the threaded rod 43 to achieve quick installation of two adjacent couplers, the handle 44 is disposed on the threaded rod 43, and the handle 44 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 43. The rotating of the handle 44 can make the threaded rod 43 rotate, such that the distance between the first hanging ring 50 and the second hanging ring 60 is adjusted. The position of the handle 44 on the threaded rod 43 is not limited, and the handle 44 can be mounted at an end of the threaded rod 43 without affecting the route of the first slider 41 or the second slider 42. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the handle 44 can be mounted between the first thread segment 431 and the second thread segment 432. The threaded rod 43 is provided with an annular protrusion at the middle portion, and two sides of the annular protrusion are respectively the first thread segment 431 and the second thread segment 432. The radius of the annular protrusion is larger than radii of the first thread segment 431 and the second thread segment 432. The annular protrusion is used to fix the handle 44, and the handle 44 can be sleeved on the annular protrusion.
Further, a supporting column is disposed at an end of the traction beam 100 close to the hook 10, and when the second hanging ring 60 is in an idle state, the second hanging ring 60 can be hung on the supporting column. Specifically, the supporting column is disposed at an end of the traction beam 100, and the supporting column is disposed close to the second hanging ring 60, thereby hanging the second hanging ring 60 on the carriage body. When the second hanging ring 60 is in a non-working state, the second hanging ring 60 can be hung on the supporting column to prevent the second hanging ring 60 from shaking and colliding with the carriage body during the vehicle runs and affecting the safety of the running of the vehicle. It can be understood that the traction beam 100 can be provided with a plurality of supporting columns, and a plurality of the supporting columns can be uniformly disposed on the traction beam 100.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not intended to limit thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified. The scope of protection is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

A system comprising a coupler and a traction beam (100), wherein the coupler is fixed on the traction beam (100), and comprises a hook (10), a mounting seat (20) and a buffering device (30), wherein,
the hook (10) comprises a hook body (11) and a rod body (12) extending from the hook body (11), the hook body (11) is located outside the traction beam (100), and the rod body (12) is located inside the traction beam (100);

the mounting seat (20) is provided with a first through hole (21) and a plurality of first mounting holes (22), and an axial direction of the first through hole (21) is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the traction beam (100), and an axial direction of the plurality of first mounting holes (22) is parallel to a transverse direction of the traction beam (100);

the mounting seat (20) is located in the traction beam (100), and is connected to the traction beam (100) by bolts inserted in the first mounting holes (22); and

the buffering device (30) is disposed in the traction beam (100), and one end of the buffering device (30) passes through the first through hole (21) and connects with the rod body (12), and the other end of the buffering device (30) abuts against the mounting seat (20), and

wherein the mounting seat (20) is a rectangular block, comprising two end faces and two side faces;

the first through hole (21) penetrates through the two end faces, and the plurality of the first mounting holes (22) are located on the two side faces; and

the mounting seat (20) is connected to the traction beam (100) by the two side faces.
The system according to claim 1, wherein the buffering device (30) comprises an end cover (31), a connecting shaft (32), a connecting lug (35) and an elastic rubber component;
two ends of the connecting shaft (32) are respectively connected to the end cover (31) and the connecting lug (35);

the connecting lug (35) passes through the first through hole (21) and hinges with the rod body (12); and

the elastic rubber component is sleeved on the connecting shaft (32), and two ends of the elastic rubber component respectively abuts against the end cover (31) and the mounting seat (20).
The system according to claim 2, wherein the elastic rubber component comprises a plurality of elastic rubber blocks (33) sleeved on the connecting shaft (32), and a partition (34) is disposed between two adjacent elastic rubber blocks (33); and
the partition (34) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (32).
The system according to claim 2, wherein an end of the connecting shaft (32) close to the end cover (31) is provided with a nut and an anti-off pin for preventing the nut from coming off.
The system according to claim 2, wherein the connecting lug (35) comprises a main body and two ears spaced on the main body, and the two ears are provided with a second through hole; and
an end of the rod body (12) is inserted between the two ears, and is connected to the connecting lug (35) by a pin shaft inserted into the second through hole.
The system according to claim 5, wherein a limiting piece is disposed on the mounting seat (20) close to the pin shaft; and
the limiting piece is located at a side of the second through hole close to the rod body (12), preventing the coupler from moving toward the buffering device (30).
The system according to claim 1, wherein the coupler further comprises a first hanging ring (50), a second hanging ring (60) and an adjusting device (40) disposed between the first hanging ring (50) and the second hanging ring (60);
the adjusting device (40) comprises a first slider (41), a second slider (42) and a threaded rod (43);

two ends of the threaded rod (43) are provided with a first thread segment (431) and a second thread segment (432) that are opposite in thread direction;

the first slider (41) is sleeved on the first thread segment (431), and the second slider (42) is sleeved on the second thread segment (432);

one end of the first hanging ring (50) is connected to the first slider (41), and the other end of the first hanging ring (50) is connected to the hook (10); and

one end of the second hanging ring (60) is connected to the second slider (42), and the other end of the second hanging ring (60) is connected to an adjacent coupler to be connected.
The system according to claim 7, wherein the threaded rod (43) is provided with a handle (44); and
the handle (44) is located between the first thread segment (431) and the second thread segment (432).
The system according to claim 7, wherein a supporting column is disposed at an end of the traction beam (100) close to the hook (10); and
when the second hanging ring (60) is in an idle state, the second hanging ring (60) is hung on the supporting column.