Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
  • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
  • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
  • C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
  • F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
  • F27D17/003—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor of waste gases emanating from an electric arc furnace
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
  • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
  • F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
  • C21C2100/06—Energy from waste gas used in other processes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
  • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
  • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/064—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle in combination with an industrial process, e.g. chemical, metallurgical
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D2020/0004—Particular heat storage apparatus
  • F28D2020/0013—Particular heat storage apparatus the heat storage material being enclosed in elements attached to or integral with heat exchange conduits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
  • F28F2255/18—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes sintered
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

• the present invention concerns an energy accumulation device to be applied in apparatuses for recovering the heat energy of gaseous wastes, also called off- gases, deriving, for example, but not exclusively, from melting furnaces.
• gaseous wastes also called off- gases
• the energy accumulation device is able to homogenize the temperature of the gaseous wastes coming, for example, from an apparatus installed upstream such as a melting furnace, to supply the recovered heat energy having a substantially constant development over time.
• the present invention also concerns a method to produce said energy accumulation device.
• Melting plants for metal materials comprise a furnace for melting predominantly metal material, for example an electric arc furnace, a converter, or a blast furnace.
• Devices are also connected to the melting furnace to discharge the fumes or gaseous wastes, which comprise an expansion chamber, also called the settling chamber, in which the fumes are expanded and the consequent precipitation of the heaviest particulate occurs.
• an expansion chamber also called the settling chamber
• Fig. 4 shows an example of the variation in the temperature of the fumes deriving from melting over time, during different cycles.
• a complete melting cycle comprises at least one step of loading the metal into the melting furnace, at least one step of heating the metal until it is melted and a step of removing the molten mass.
• This discontinuity affects the heat energy obtained from the gaseous wastes which, in turn, is equally discontinuous and negatively affects the efficiency of the apparatuses that recover energy from the fumes.
• energy recovery apparatuses are also equipped with energy accumulation devices which are installed, for example, in the fume expansion chamber and are hit by the fumes.
• Energy accumulation devices generally comprise a container to contain phase change materials (PCM).
• PCM phase change materials
• Phase change materials allow to damp the thermal profile of the gaseous wastes, thanks to the high latent heat during melting/solidification which they intrinsically have.
• phase change materials are able to accumulate the excess heat energy due to the heat energy peaks of the fumes and to return it when the latter have a lower heat energy.
• phase change materials in particular aluminum
• steel is due to the corrosion phenomena to which the material of the container is subject, usually steel.
• containers made of ceramic material for example ceramic pipes made of silicon carbide or mullite, to contain the phase change material.
• a heat accumulation device is also known from document US-A-4.512.388 comprising a phase change material, or PCM.
• the phase change material is supported in the pores of a support material.
• Both the phase change material and the support material can be contained in a container.
• a work fluid is made to circulate directly inside the container, that is, in direct contact with the support material and the phase change material.
• the heat exchange with the energy vector is direct, that is, in this case the fumes pass through both the porous material and through the phase change material.
• the work fluid used also carries polluting particles with it, such as for example in the case of the off-gases deriving from melting furnaces.
• this solution provides that the porous material and the phase change material are assembled together to define pellets or briquettes to be inserted into a container.
• the coupling of the porous material and the phase change material is obtained by pressing the particles of the two materials together and heating the whole to a temperature suitable for melting only the phase change material, that is, to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the support material.
• the phase change material also incorporates the support or porous material inside it.
• this embodiment does not permit a reciprocal aggregation of the particles of the support material.
• the support material can be subject to yielding, which can alter the thermal exchange efficiency of the device.
• phase change material PCM which is contained in containers which may or may not be coated with materials that are inert to the phase change material PCM in the molten state.
• phase change material such as aluminum alloys
• the anticorrosive coating of the container does not solve the problem of corrosion.
• One purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy accumulation device which has a longer life and greater efficiency than known accumulation devices.
• Another purpose of the present invention is to perfect a method to produce an energy accumulation device which is simple and quick to implement.
• the Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.
• the present invention concerns an energy accumulation device comprising a container and a heat accumulation body located in the container.
• the heat accumulation body comprises a plurality of granules made of at least one energy accumulation material and powders made at least of a heat exchange material having a melting temperature higher than that of the energy accumulation material.
• the container is provided with a cavity which is closed with respect to the outside, and the heat accumulation body is positioned inside the cavity.
• the container is provided with a heat exchange surface facing toward the outside of the container, and which, during use, is lapped by gaseous wastes.
• the granules and the powders are sintered to define said heat accumulation body in a compact form, that is, without porosities, at least in the condition where the energy accumulation material is also in the solid state.
• sintered we mean the heat and mechanical process intended to obtain compact materials from powdery substances.
• the sintering process entails compacting and heating both the granules and the powders to obtain the heat accumulation body with a compact conformation, that is, without internal porosities, as is provided on the contrary in known solutions. Sintering therefore also determines a compacting of the powders alone.
• the granules and the powders are sintered it is possible to make the granules perform the function of heat energy accumulation, while the powders, which are sintered around the granules, exert a containing action on the energy accumulation material, preventing it from being dispersed in the container. This allows to limit, if not eliminate, the phenomenon of corrosion to which the container is subjected due to the action of the melted energy accumulation material.
• sintering eliminates the presence of air, or porosities, between the powders and the granules, thus increasing the heat exchange efficiency.
• At least part of the granules is made of a phase change material (PCM).
• PCM phase change material
• phase change material it is meant a material able to accumulate energy, for example a latent heat, when it changes phase, that is, when it passes from the solid state to the liquid state or vice versa.
• Phase change materials allow to store energy 4-15 times more compared to other materials.
• the phase change material has a higher heat conductivity, for example comprised between 1 10W/(m K) and 410W/(m K), preferably between 200W/(m K) and 250W/(m K), which allows to speed up the heat exchanges with the fumes.
• the phase change material has a melting temperature that is in the range of the temperature of the gaseous wastes that are being processed.
• the melting temperature of the phase change material is comprised between 400°C and 700°C. In this way it is possible to guarantee the damping action on the temperature of the gaseous wastes.
• phase change material is aluminum or its alloys.
• the phase change material can be chosen from a group comprising at least one of either tin, copper, lead, zinc or their alloys.
• phase change material can comprise inorganic salts or eutectic mixtures thereof.
• the present invention also concerns an energy recovery apparatus to recover the heat from gaseous wastes, which comprises an expansion chamber for the gaseous wastes and at least one energy accumulation device installed in the expansion chamber.
• the present invention also concerns a melting plant for metal comprising a melting furnace and an energy recovery apparatus as described above, connected to the melting furnace to receive from the latter gaseous wastes.
• the present invention also concerns a method to manufacture the energy accumulation device, which provides to insert a heat accumulation body in a container.
• the method also provides to sinter with each other granules made at least of an energy accumulation material and powders made of at least one heat exchange material having a melting temperature higher than the energy accumulation material so as to obtain the heat accumulation body in a compact form and without porosities.
• - fig. 1 is a schematic view of a melting plant comprising an energy recovery apparatus according to the present invention
• FIG. 2 is a section view of an energy accumulation device according to the present invention.
• - fig. 3 is a section view of a detail of the energy accumulation device
• - fig. 4 is a diagram of the development of the temperature of the gaseous wastes
• - fig. 5 shows a possible variant of fig. 1 ;
• - fig. 6 shows a possible variant of fig. 2.
• An energy accumulation device 10 (fig. 2), according to the present invention, comprises a container 1 1 and a heat accumulation body 12 located in the container 1 1.
• the container 1 1 can have a tubular elongated shape to increase its heat exchange surface and optimize the heat exchange efficiency.
• the container 1 1 can have an external diameter comprised between 30mm and 90mm, a height comprised between 1000mm and 3500mm, and a thickness comprised between 2mm and 5mm.
• the container 1 1 is provided with a cavity 13, closed with respect to the outside, in which the heat accumulation body 12 is positioned.
• the container 1 1 has the function of supporting and protecting the heat accumulation body 12, for example from impacts.
• the container 1 1 is also provided with a heat exchange surface facing toward the outside of the container, and which, during use, is lapped by gaseous wastes.
• the container 1 1 can be provided with an aperture 14, made for example in correspondence with one end of the container 1 1 itself, and suitable to allow the introduction of the heat accumulation body 12.
• the aperture 14 can be closed by a closing element 15, for example a lid.
• the container 1 1 can be defined by a tubular body at the ends of which respective closing elements are associated in order to contain the heat accumulation body 12.
• the heat accumulation body 12 can be positioned in the container 11 so that the latter is substantially adherent, that is, in contact with the walls of the container 1 1, and possibly also with the closing element 15. The positioning of the heat accumulation body 12 in contact with the container 11 optimizes the action of heat exchange.
• the container 1 1 can be made of a material having a heat conductivity equal to, or greater than, lOW/mK.
• the container 1 1 can be made of a metal material.
• the use of a metal material guarantees a high heat exchange capacity with the heat accumulation body 12 contained therein.
• the metal material is a steel, for example stainless steel, such as stainless steel with a low carbon content, for example AISI 304 steel.
• this type of material allows to increase the resistance of the container 1 1 to oxidation phenomena induced by the circulation of the gaseous wastes having high temperatures.
• the heat accumulation body 12 comprises a plurality of granules 16 made of at least one energy accumulation material and powders 17 made of a heat exchange material having a melting temperature higher than the melting temperature of the energy accumulation material.
• the granules 16 and the powders 17 are sintered together to define the heat accumulation body 12 in compact form.
• This configuration allows to obtain a heat accumulation body 12 which is particularly suitable for recovering the heat energy of gaseous wastes such as the fumes exiting from a melting plant.
• the powders 17, once sintered, have the function of incorporating inside them the granules 16 which, during use, can melt to accumulate the heat energy.
• the molten material of the granules 16 remains confined and contained by the sintered powders 17.
• the energy accumulation material of which the granules 16 are made comprises a phase change material, or PCM, that is, a material able to store latent heat when it passes through a phase transition from solid to liquid.
• PCM phase change material
• the phase change material can be selected from a group comprising tin, copper, lead, zinc, or their alloys.
• the phase change material can comprise molten salts such as a hydrated salt.
• the phase change material can be selected from a group comprising organic materials, for example paraffins.
• the phase change material is aluminum, or aluminum alloys.
• the choice of aluminum is particularly suitable for the recovery of the heat energy possessed by the gaseous wastes exiting from melting plants, which have a temperature variability field that is compatible with the phase transition temperatures of aluminum.
• Aluminum has a melting temperature comprised between 650°C and 700°C.
• the phase change material comprises the aluminum alloy Al-Si 12%, which has a melting temperature of about 575°C and has a greater phase change enthalpy.
• the latent heat of the aluminum provides, in fact, a high capacity of accumulation and release of heat during the heating and cooling cycles to which aluminum is subjected by the action of the flow of gaseous wastes.
• the granules 16 can have a size equal to or less than 5mm.
• the size is estimated as the equivalent diameter of the granule 16.
• the granules 16 can have a size comprised between 1mm and 5mm.
• each granule 16 comprises, that is, is defined by a core 18 and an external coating 19 which completely covers the core 18, encapsulating the latter.
• the core 18 is made of a first material and the external coating 19 is made of a second material having a melting temperature higher than the melting temperature of the first material.
• the external coating 19, during use, acts as a container for the material of the core 18 which, due to the heat it receives, melts.
• the second material of the external coating 19 can have a melting temperature higher than or equal to 1500°C.
• the material of which the core 18 consists is therefore contained both by the external coating 19 and by the sintered powders 17 which surround the granules 16. In this way, even if the external coating 19 yields, for example due to the occurrence of possible surface cracks, the sintered powders 17 are able to contain the molten material of the core 18.
• the first material of the core 18 is the phase change material PCM.
• the second material of the external coating 19 is an oxide of the first material of the core 18.
• a possible oxidation process of the core 1 8 can comprise, by way of example only, the following steps:
• the oxide of the first material of the core 18 has a melting temperature higher than that of the material of the core 18.
• the second material of the external coating 19 is aluminum oxide, or alumina.
• the second material of the external coating 19 can be selected from a group comprising chrome or nickel.
• the powders 17 of which the heat accumulation body 12 is made can have a thermal conductivity equal to, or greater than, 40 W/mK. This guarantees the transfer of heat from the gaseous wastes to the container 1 1 , from the container 11 to the heat exchange material defined by the powders 17, and from the heat exchange material to the energy accumulation material of the granules 16.
• the powders 17 have a melting temperature equal to or higher than 1500°C.
• the heat exchange material of which the powders 17 are made is a ceramic material.
• Using ceramic material is particularly advantageous given its low reactivity with the material of which the granules 16 are made, and the material of which the container 1 1 is made.
• the ceramic material can comprise at least one of either metal oxides, graphite, carbides or nitrides.
• the ceramic material of which the powders 17 are made is silicon carbide. Using this material is particularly suitable due to its low reactivity with the aluminum of which the granules 16 can be made.
• silicon carbide is a good thermal conductor and, since it is inert to aluminum, even if the granules 16 break, the material of which the latter are made, it does not corrode the heat-exchange material of the powders 17.
• the heat exchange material can be selected from a group comprising hafnium carbide, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, or suchlike.
• the powders 17 can have sizes comprised between 30 nm and 100 nm, preferably comprised between 50 rjm and 80 nm.
• Sintering allows to confine the granules 16 inside the sintered compact heat accumulation body 12, preventing the material of the granules 16 from dispersing in the course of the thermal cycles and, therefore, in the passage from the solid state to the liquid state, or vice versa.
• the energy accumulation device 10 according to the present invention is in fact subjected, during use, to a cyclical increase in temperature and a reduction in temperature which is variable in a similar way to the temperature of the gaseous wastes.
• sintering also eliminates the so-called "open" porosities, that is, connected to the external environment, increasing the efficiency of heat exchange.
• the absence of porosities prevents the aluminum from being able to rise up due to capillarity along the porosities, and therefore dispersing.
• the energy accumulation device 10 comprises a heat exchanger 20 associated with the container 1 1 and in which a heat-carrier fluid is made to transit, in order to transfer the energy accumulated by the granules 16.
• the heat exchanger 20 can comprise a heat exchange circuit 21 in which a heat-carrier fluid is made to circulate, suitable to absorb the heat energy accumulated by the energy accumulation material and to supply the accumulated heat to the heat-carrier fluid.
• the heat exchanger 20 (fig. 2) can be positioned at least partly in the container 1 1 and is put in contact with at least part of the heat accumulation body 12.
• the heat exchanger 20 comprises at least one tube 22 in which a heat-carrier fluid is made to transit, and in which the tube is put in direct contact with the heat accumulation body 12.
• the tube can be positioned passing through the container 1 1 and through the heat accumulation body 12.
• the heat exchanger 20 can be coupled to the closing element 15 of the container 1 1.
• the closing element 15 can only perform the function of closing the container 1 1.
• the accumulation device 10 can be a passive element which can be positioned in a transit zone of the gaseous wastes in order to homogenize their temperature over time.
• Embodiments described here using fig. 1 for example also concern a melting plant 100 configured to melt mainly metal materials and comprising at least one accumulation device 10 as described above.
• the melting plant 100 shown by way of example in fig. 1, comprises a melting furnace 101 and a recovery apparatus 102 to recover the heat energy of the gaseous wastes generated by the melting plant 100.
• the melting furnace 101 can be connected to the recovery apparatus 102 by at least one connection pipe 103 provided to convey the gaseous wastes from the melting furnace 101 to the recovery apparatus 102.
• the recovery apparatus 102 comprises at least one expansion chamber 104 in which the expansion of the gaseous wastes coming from the melting furnace 101 takes place.
• the expansion of the gaseous wastes in the expansion chamber 104 allows to precipitate the heaviest powders present in the gaseous wastes onto the bottom of the expansion chamber 104.
• the expansion chamber 104 is in fact connected to the melting furnace 101 by means of the connection pipe 103.
• the expansion chamber 104 is provided with at least one discharge device 105 to discharge the gaseous wastes.
• the gaseous wastes entering the expansion chamber 104 can have a temperature that varies over time in a range from about 300°C to about 1 100°C.
• At least one energy accumulation device 10 is installed, advantageously a plurality of energy accumulation devices 10.
• the energy accumulation devices 10 can be attached, with at least one of their ends, to a wall of the expansion chamber 104.
• the energy accumulation devices 10 are hit, during use, by the flow of fumes coming from the melting furnace 101 so as to absorb and/or give up the heat energy possessed by the fumes.
• the energy accumulation devices 10 are passive elements, that is, without an integrated heat exchanger, it can be provided that the energy accumulation devices 10 accumulate the heat energy of the gaseous wastes when these have high temperatures, and subsequently return it to the gaseous wastes, for example when these are supplied with lower temperatures.
• the gaseous wastes exiting from the expansion chamber 104 can have a temperature that is substantially constant, or homogenized, over time. This makes the gaseous wastes particularly suitable for subsequent use for energy recovery.
• the energy recovery means 107 can comprise, for example, an Organic Rankine circuit or ORC.
• the energy recovery means 107 can comprise a heat exchanger 108 and a turbine 109 connected to the heat exchanger 108 used for example for the production of electrical energy.
• Heat-carrier fluids can be made to circulate in the heat exchanger 108, such as, by way of example only, water, air, diathermic oil, supercritical carbon dioxide, emulsions, ionic liquids.
• the energy accumulation devices 10 provided with the heat exchangers 20 are installed in the expansion chamber 104.
• the heat exchangers 20 can be fluidically connected to each other, for example in series or in parallel, to obtain an efficient heating of the gaseous wastes.
• the heat exchangers 20 can be connected to a user device 106 downstream, such as a turbine for the production of electric power.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

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• 2017
  • 2017-06-29 IT IT102017000073173A patent/IT201700073173A1/it unknown
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