EP3645259B1 - Plane plate of a pressing tool - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a level plate for a press tool of a press, in particular a powder press for producing green compacts. The invention further relates to the use of a flat plate in a press tool of a press for producing a green compact. In particular, the press is used to produce sinterable green bodies, i.e. green bodies that can be sintered after the pressing process. In particular, metallic and/or ceramic powders can be pressed into green bodies in the press.

Known presses of this type include at least one die, an upper press tool comprising one or more upper punches and a lower press tool comprising one or more lower punches. An inner circumferential surface of the die forms the receptacle for the powder or the green compact to be produced. In particular, at least one upper punch of the upper press tool can move into the die along an axial direction via a first end face of the die that is open at the top. The at least one upper punch slides along the inner circumferential surface of the die and increasingly compresses the powder. In particular, at least one lower punch can additionally be provided, which moves into the die along the axial direction via a second end face of the die that is open at the bottom, or moves in the die between an upper position and a lower position. Between the at least one upper punch and the at least one lower punch, the powder is pressed into a green compact, the inner peripheral surface of the die defining in particular a lateral contour of the green compact.

In particular, one or each press tool comprises a plurality of punches, with at least one punch opposite the at least one other Stamp can be moved along the axial direction for pressing the powder. Each punch (and every component of the press tool connected to this punch for transmitting the pressing force) can be assigned to a tool level. To move each (movable) stamp, a plane plate (also called a tool plane plate) is regularly provided, which is actuated by at least one lifting cylinder and/or moved along the axial direction by the lifting cylinder. The plane plate may be guided by at least one guide column extending along the axial direction. The at least one guide column reduces or prevents rotation of the plane plate in a circumferential direction and/or tilting of the plane plate about an axis running along a radial direction. The different level plates of at least one upper or one lower pressing tool can be guided together by guide columns.

Between the level plate and the at least one punch that contacts the powder in the die, a punch holder can additionally be arranged, which transfers a pressing force transmitted by the level plates to the at least one punch. Furthermore, pressure plates can be provided between the stamp or stamp holder and the plane plate, which transmit a pressing force of the plane plate in the axial direction and in the radial direction to the stamps. Stamps or stamp holders can be attached to the printing plate or to the level plate via clamping plates (alternatively), bayonet locks or shell-shaped holders.

In known press tools or presses, the individual level plates, which are characterized by guidance through at least one guide column and a connection to the at least one lifting cylinder, are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction and arranged one above the other, that is, they are permanently at different heights (levels). arranged along the axial direction. One Plane plate can be cubic, cuboid or. be disc-shaped. The plane plate extends between a centrally arranged receptacle for the printing plate, the stamp holder or the stamp along the radial direction at least to a cylindrical guide surface which is provided for contacting one of the guide columns.

A press is e.g. B. from the US 5,498,147 known. The level plates shown there are rectangular in cross section and have a constant wall thickness. The level plate is perforated in some areas so that a pressure piston of the lifting cylinder or a pressure plate can be accommodated on the level plate for connection to the stamp. However, the cross-sectional changes are not in the area between the guide surfaces on the guide columns and the central receptacle for the printing plate and are not continuous along an extension, but are only provided at one position, namely at the receptacle for the printing plate, with the cross-sectional changes occurring regularly are formed by side walls running parallel to the axial direction.

The structure of a known press or a press tool has a large overall height in the axial direction. Starting from the die for each tool level, the individual components of the relevant tool level (i.e. punch, possibly associated punch holder, possibly associated pressure plate) extend to different distances along the axial direction, so that different elasticities are present for each tool level. The elasticity of the tool plane refers in particular to the deformation of the components of the tool plane in the axial direction as a result of a pressing force acting on the connection by the lifting cylinder or on the receptacle by the punch or punch holder. The unit of elasticity is: m/N [meter/Newton]. As a result of the different elasticities, demoulding the green body to be produced can be problematic due to the different expansion of the components between different tool levels when the tool levels are relaxed (pressing force is reduced), and cracks can occur in the green body.

The DE 10 2015 201 966 A1 is aimed at a powder press. The powder press has a tool structure that includes a conical substructure or superstructure with nested punches. This publication discloses a plane plate according to the preamble of the appended claim 1.

The DE 10 2015 201 784 A1 is directed to a stamp unit of a powder press, which is composed of at least two parts.

Proceeding from this, it is the object of the present invention to at least partially alleviate or even solve the problems described with reference to the prior art. In particular, the differences in elasticities should at least be reduced, with the press tools also being able to be manufactured or provided with a lower overall height. Furthermore, the weight of at least the level plates should be reduced if possible. This means that the assembly of the press or the level plate can be simplified and, if necessary, carried out more quickly. In particular, more compact presses with a lower overall height can be used, so that material and costs can be saved here too.

To solve this problem, a level plate according to the features of patent claim 1 and the use of a level plate according to patent claim 13 are proposed. Advantageous further training is the subject of the dependent patent claims. The features listed individually in the patent claims can be combined with one another in a technologically sensible manner can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and/or details from the figures, with further embodiment variants of the invention being shown.

A level plate for a press tool of a press contributes to this, in particular a powder press for producing green compacts. In particular, the press is used to produce sinterable green bodies, i.e. green bodies that can be sintered after the pressing process. In particular, metallic and/or ceramic powders can be pressed into green bodies in the press.

In particular, the level plate can be made in one piece.

The level plate can be moved via at least one lifting cylinder along an axial direction to actuate a ram of the press. The plane plate has an upper side pointing in a first axial direction and a second axial direction pointing in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction, a connection for the at least one lifting cylinder, a centrally arranged receptacle for contacting the stamp or a stamp holder of the press and at least one a first at least partially cylindrical guide surface parallel to the axial direction for contacting a first guide column and a second at least partially cylindrical guide surface parallel to the axial direction for contacting a second guide column. On the underside of the plane plate, the first guide surface has a first lower end and the second guide surface has a second lower end. The first lower end and the second lower end are arranged at different heights relative to the axial direction and are therefore spaced apart from one another in the axial direction.

Several lifting cylinders can be used to move the level plate, with the level plate then having a connection for each lifting cylinder. The at least one lifting cylinder can be arranged opposite the plane plate in such a way that the plane plate is subjected to the lowest possible torque about an axis parallel to the radial direction, which could cause the plane plate to tilt about this axis. In particular, z. B. two lifting cylinders are provided, which are arranged offset from one another by 180 degrees along the circumferential direction.

The plane plate may have a plurality of (preferably four) at least partially cylindrical guide surfaces which are arranged spaced apart from one another in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Via the at least one guide surface, the plane plate can be guided along the axial direction by the at least one guide column, which extends along the axial direction. The at least one guide column reduces or prevents rotation of the plane plate in a circumferential direction and/or tilting of the plane plate about an axis running along a radial direction. The level plates of at least one upper or lower press tool can be guided by common guide columns.

The receptacle for contacting the stamp or a stamp holder of the press is in particular arranged centrally, ie (approximately) in a center of the plane plate when viewed along the axial direction. A central arrangement of the receptacle is particularly present when it is positioned centrally between or at the same distance from several connections, i.e. in particular centrally with respect to the force application points of the lifting cylinders. The receptacle can be arranged (in the middle) between a plurality of lifting cylinders and a plurality of guide columns, so that when the plane plate is subjected to a pressing force, the level plate is as small as possible Torque is applied about an axis parallel to the radial direction, which could cause the plane plate to tilt about this axis.

The receptacle can be round, preferably circular. The receptacle can have a longitudinal axis that runs parallel to the axial direction and/or is arranged concentrically to the receptacle. The radial direction extends perpendicular to the axial direction and in particular starting from the longitudinal axis.

The receptacle can have a receiving surface for contacting and/or supporting the stamp or stamp holder. The stamp or the stamp holder can be attached to the holder using a clamping plate, a screw connection, a bayonet lock or similar.

The plane plate can have four (or more) at least partially cylindrical guide surfaces for contacting four guide columns (i.e. one guide column each), each guide surface having a lower end. The lower ends of each (or at least) two guide surfaces can be arranged at a common height.

In particular, two guide surfaces are provided, the lower ends of which are arranged at a common height. In particular, each of the two at least partially cylindrical first guide surfaces forms a first lower end and each of the two at least partially cylindrical second guide surfaces forms a second lower end. The first lower end and the second lower end may be arranged at different heights from each other with respect to the axial direction.

The first lower end and the second lower end may be arranged on a lower side of the plane plate.

The guide surfaces can be arranged at different heights. This means that tilting of the plane plate about an axis perpendicular to the axial direction can be reduced or completely prevented compared to a plane plate with guide surfaces arranged exclusively at a common height.

The two guide surfaces with the lower ends arranged at the same height can be arranged offset from one another in a circumferential direction by 90 or 180 degrees.

All lower ends of the guide surfaces of one plane plate can preferably be arranged at heights that differ from one another in relation to the axial direction.

In particular, the lower ends of a plane plate, which are arranged at different heights compared to the axial direction, are each spaced apart from one another by at least 5 millimeters, in particular at least 20 millimeters, preferably at least 100 millimeters, particularly preferably at least 200 millimeters, along the axial direction.

In particular, the first guide surface on the top of the plane plate has a first upper end, wherein the first lower end and the first upper end are arranged at different heights from one another compared to the axial direction and thus at a distance from one another in the axial direction. The first lower end and the second lower end are special in the axial direction by at least 50% of the distance, preferably by at least 100% of the distance preferably spaced apart by at least 150% of the distance.

The plane plate can be in at least a first cross section that runs parallel to the axial direction and along the radial direction between the receptacle and the guide surface (or between the receptacle and a position along the radial direction at which the at least one guide surface is arranged), have at least a first area with a wall thickness and a first center line (the wall thickness). The first region extends in the radial direction over a first extent in which the first center line runs at a first angle of at least 10 degrees, in particular at least 20, preferably at least 45, to the radial direction. In particular, the first center line runs at a first angle of at most 85 degrees, preferably at most 80 degrees.

The wall thickness refers to the material thickness of the plane plate parallel to the axial direction. The center line runs through the geometric centroids of the cut surfaces of the plane plate lying in the first cross section. The first center line can be defined by the center points of the wall thickness present at the respective radial position.

In the axial direction, known plane plates have a substantially constant wall thickness. In a cross section that runs parallel to the axial direction and along a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction between the receptacle and the guide surface, the plane plates are in particular rectangular with a substantially constant wall thickness, with an upper side of the plane plate and an underside of the plane plate and thus also extend a center line of the wall thickness parallel to the radial direction. The ones in the US 5,498,147 The plane plates shown are in cross section rectangular in shape and have a constant wall thickness. The level plate is perforated in some areas so that a pressure piston of the lifting cylinder or a pressure plate can be accommodated on the level plate for connection to the stamp. The cross-sectional changes or changes in wall thickness are not present in the area between the guide surfaces on the guide columns and the central receptacle for the pressure plate, but are only provided at one position, namely at the receptacle for the pressure plate, with the cross-sectional changes occurring regularly Side walls running parallel to the axial direction are formed. In the present case, this well-known teaching is deviated from.

The first region can extend in the radial direction over a first extent which is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably 30%, of a smallest distance between the central receptacle and the guide surface (or between the receptacle and a position along the radial direction on which the at least one guide surface is arranged) in the first cross section along the radial direction. The first extension can be at least 5 millimeters, at least 10 millimeters or at least 20 millimeters.

The receptacle can comprise a receiving surface or a functional area (hereinafter also referred to as parts of the receptacle) on the plane plate, on which the stamp or a stamp holder can be arranged. The smallest distance can be determined between the guide surface and a part of the receptacle that is closest to the guide surface along the radial direction.

The plane plate can be in at least a second cross section, which is along the radial direction between the receptacle and the guide surface (or between the receptacle and a position along the radial direction at which the at least one guide surface is arranged) and is arranged rotated relative to the first cross section by an angular range (e.g. by at least 1 angular degree or at least 5 angular degrees) in the circumferential direction, have at least a second region with a wall thickness and a second center line. The second region extends in the radial direction over a second extent that differs from the first extent (is larger or smaller). In the second cross section, the second center line runs at a second angle of at least 10 degrees, in particular at least 20, preferably at least 45, to the radial direction. In particular, the second center line runs at a second angle of at most 85 degrees, preferably at most 80 degrees.

If necessary, only a cross section rotated by an angular range of 90 or 180 degrees in the circumferential direction relative to the first cross section can be designed to be identical to the first cross section.

The second cross section can run parallel to the axial direction and along the radial direction, i.e. rotated only in a circumferential direction compared to the first cross section.

In particular, the first angle differs from the second angle by at least 10 degrees, in particular by at least 20 degrees.

In the first cross section (or also in the second cross section), the plane plate can have a third region which adjoins the first region in the radial direction, the third region having a third center line which is at least partially at a third angle of at least 10 Angle degrees, in particular at least 20 degrees, and at a third angle of at most 85 degrees to the radial direction. The first Angle (or the second angle) and the third angle are oriented in opposite directions with respect to the radial direction. The comments on the first center line apply accordingly to the third center line.

The plane plate can have an upper side pointing in a first axial direction and a second axial direction pointing in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction. The top and/or the bottom of the plane plate can be in the first region of the first cross section parallel to the first center line and/or at a first angle of at least 10 angular degrees, preferably at least 20 angular degrees, particularly preferably at least 45 angular degrees, and at a first angle of at most 80 degrees, in particular at most 85 degrees, to the radial direction.

The top and/or the bottom of the plane plate can be in the third region of the first cross section parallel to the third center line and/or at a third angle of at least 10 angular degrees, preferably at least 20 angular degrees, particularly preferably at least 45 angular degrees, and at a third angle of at most 80 degrees, in particular at most 85 degrees, to the radial direction.

The first cross section can extend through the guide surface. The guide surface may have a lower end (at the bottom of the plane plate) disposed at a height (level) with respect to the axial direction. In the first cross section, a turning region of the plane plate can be arranged between the first region and the third region. This turning area can be arranged below the lower end with respect to the axial direction.

A press tool for a press is also proposed, comprising at least a first plane plate and a second plane plate. At least that one The first level plate can be moved via at least one lifting cylinder along an axial direction to actuate a ram of the press. At least the first level plate has a connection for the at least one lifting cylinder. Each level plate has at least one at least partially cylindrical guide surface for contacting a guide column common to the level plates and a centrally arranged receptacle for contacting the punch or a punch holder of the press. The plane plates can be arranged one above the other along an axial direction, so that the at least one guide surface of each plane plate is arranged coaxially with one another. At least the first level plate can be designed like a level plate described above. The plane plates can be arranged at least partially overlapping one another along the axial direction and along the radial direction. In particular, they can be arranged relative to one another in such a way that at least parts of the two plane plates are arranged at the same height relative to the axial direction (and thus adjacent to one another along the radial direction).

The plane plates can be arranged nested within one another (and therefore not only spaced apart from one another in the axial direction), so that an overall height of the press tool can be reduced. Nested here means that the plane plates can be arranged one above the other along the axial direction and at least with parts of the plane plates next to one another in the radial direction.

The plane plates of the press tool can each have at least two at least partially cylindrical guide surfaces for contacting two guide columns common to the plane plates. The first level plate has a first at least partially cylindrical guide surface with a first lower end and the second level plate has a third at least partially cylindrical guide surface with a third lower end. The first plane plate is arranged above the second plane plate in the axial direction. The level plates are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the first guide surface contacts a first guide column of the common guide columns and the third guide surface contacts a (different, i.e.) second guide column of the common guide columns. The first lower end is disposed below the third lower end with respect to the axial direction.

As explained above with regard to the plane plate, the guide surfaces of a plane plate can be arranged at different heights, so that the guide surfaces of different plane plates can be arranged on different guide columns in the axial direction in a reversed order compared to the plane plates. This means that tilting of the plane plate about an axis perpendicular to the axial direction can be reduced or completely prevented compared to a plane plate with guide surfaces arranged exclusively at a common height and a nested arrangement of the plane plates can be realized, so that an overall lower overall height of the press tool is possible .

The comments on the level plate apply equally to the press tool and vice versa.

The use of a plane plate, in particular a plane plate described above, in a press tool, in particular in a press tool described above, of a press for producing a green compact is further proposed. In particular, the press can be used to produce sinterable green bodies, i.e. green bodies that can be sintered after the pressing process. In particular, metallic and/or ceramic powders can be pressed into green bodies in the press.

The level plate can be moved via at least one lifting cylinder along an axial direction to actuate a ram of the press. The plane plate has an upper side pointing in a first axial direction and a second axial direction pointing in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction, a connection for the at least one lifting cylinder, a centrally arranged receptacle for contacting the stamp or a stamp holder of the press and at least one a first at least partially cylindrical guide surface parallel to the axial direction for contacting a first guide column and a second at least partially cylindrical guide surface parallel to the axial direction for contacting a second guide column. On the underside of the plane plate, the first guide surface has a first lower end and the second guide surface has a second lower end. The first lower end and the second lower end are arranged at different heights relative to the axial direction and are therefore spaced apart from one another in the axial direction.

The statements regarding the level plate and/or the press tool apply equally to the proposed use and vice versa.

1. a) Bereitstellen der Presse und des Pressenwerkzeugs;
2. b) Anordnen der ersten Ebenenplatte und der zweiten Ebenenplatte in der Presse; wobei die Ebenenplatten entlang einer axialen Richtung so übereinander angeordnet sind, dass die jeweils mindestens eine zumindest teilweise zylindrische Führungsfläche jeder Ebenenplatte koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind;

wobei die Ebenenplatten entlang der axialen Richtung einander überlappend angeordnet sind, so dass zumindest Teile der beiden Ebenenplatten auf einer gleichen Höhe gegenüber der axialen Richtung angeordnet sind (und damit entlang der radialen Richtung benachbart zueinander).In particular, a method for actuating a press can be implemented with the level plate and/or the press tool, the press comprising at least one guide column and at least one lifting cylinder as well as a press tool (described above). The procedure includes at least the following steps:

1. a) Providing the press and the press tool;
2. b) placing the first plane plate and the second plane plate in the press; wherein the plane plates are arranged one above the other along an axial direction such that each has at least one at least partially cylindrical Guide surfaces of each plane plate are arranged coaxially to one another;

wherein the plane plates are arranged to overlap one another along the axial direction, so that at least parts of the two plane plates are arranged at the same height with respect to the axial direction (and thus adjacent to one another along the radial direction).

The shape of the plane plate can be created using known manufacturing processes such as turning, milling, sawing, drilling, grinding, wire cutting, die sinking and hard milling, etc. The plane plate can be made using so-called additive processes, e.g. B. Laser sintering (3D printing process, for producing spatial structures from powdery starting material by sintering; workpiece is produced in layers). This allows a free design of the level plate, whereby the weight of the level plate can be reduced and the rigidity or elasticity of the level plate can be specifically adjusted.

The rigidity of the plane plate refers in particular to the resistance of the plane plate to deformation in the axial direction compared to a pressing force acting on the connection by the lifting cylinders or on the receptacle by the stamp or stamp holder. The unit of stiffness is: N/m [Newton/meter].

The stiffness can be determined, for example, as follows: via an FEM analysis, in which the deformation, in particular the elastic deformation, of the plane plate is determined at a certain pressing force [N], which acts on the plane plate in particular in the axial direction (i.e the displacement of the material of the plane plate in the direction of the axial direction, which can be specified in [m]). The ratio of these variables (pressing force [N]/material displacement [m]) represents the rigidity of the flat plate.

The lower the rigidity of the plane plate, the greater the elastic deformation (elasticity) of the plane plate. Different stiffnesses of the different level plates can lead to the formation of cracks and thus to the destruction of the green compact during the production of green compacts (particularly during demolding or during the release of the pressing force).

The elasticity or the rigidity of at least two level plates, in particular of all level plates (as described above), preferably differs from one another by a maximum of 20% or a maximum of 10%.

It should be noted that the numerals used here ("first", "second",...) serve primarily (only) to distinguish between several similar objects or sizes, i.e. in particular no dependence and/or order of these objects or sizes on one another pretend. If a dependency and/or sequence is required, this is explicitly stated here or it will be obvious to the person skilled in the art when studying the specifically described embodiment.

Fig. 1:

ein Pressenwerkzeug einer Presse in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, teilweise im Schnitt;

Fig. 2:

das Pressenwerkzeug nach Fig. 1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, im Schnitt;

Fig. 3:

das Pressenwerkzeug nach Fig. 1 und 2 in einer Ansicht von oben entlang der axialen Richtung;

Fig. 4:

eine Seitenansicht des Pressenwerkzeugs im Schnitt IV-IV gemäß Fig. 3;

Fig. 5:

das Pressenwerkzeug nach Fig. 1 bis 4 in einer Seitenansicht in einem weiteren Schnitt V-V gemäß Fig. 3;

Fig. 6:

eine Ebenenplatte des Pressenwerkzeugs nach Fig. 1 bis 5 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Fig. 7:

die Ebenenplatte nach Fig. 6 in einer weiteren perspektivischen Ansicht;

Fig. 8:

die Ebenenplatte nach Fig. 6 und 7 in einer Seitenansicht im Schnitt VIII-VIII gemäß Fig. 9;

Fig. 9:

die Ebenenplatte nach Fig. 6 bis 8 in einer Ansicht von oben entlang der axialen Richtung;

Fig. 10:

ein bekanntes Pressenwerkzeug in einer Seitenansicht im Schnitt;

Fig. 11:

einen bekannten Adapter für eine Presse in einer Seitenansicht im Schnitt;

Fig. 12:

ein bekanntes Pressengestell für einen Adapter;

Fig. 13:

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Pressenwerkzeugs einer Presse in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, teilweise im Schnitt;

Fig. 14:

das Pressenwerkzeug nach Fig. 13 in einer Ansicht von oben entlang der axialen Richtung;

Fig. 15:

eine Seitenansicht des Pressenwerkzeugs nach Fig. 13 und 14 im Schnitt XV-XV gemäß Fig. 14;

Fig. 16:

das Pressenwerkzeug nach Fig. 13 bis 15 in einer Seitenansicht in einem weiteren Schnitt XVI-XVI gemäß Fig. 14;

Fig. 17:

eine Ebenenplatte des Pressenwerkzeugs nach Fig. 13 bis 16 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Fig. 18:

die Ebenenplatte nach Fig. 17 in einer Ansicht von oben entlang der axialen Richtung;

Fig. 19:

die Ebenenplatte nach Fig. 17 und 18 in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 20:

die Ebenenplatte nach Fig. 17 bis 19 in einer Seitenansicht im Schnitt XX-XX gemäß Fig. 18; und

Fig. 21:

die Ebenenplatte nach Fig. 17 bis 20 in einer Seitenansicht im Schnitt XXI-XXI gemäß Fig. 18.

The invention and the technical environment are explained in more detail below using the figures. It should be noted that the invention is not intended to be limited by the exemplary embodiments shown. The scope of the invention is determined by the appended claims. In particular, it should be noted that the figures and in particular the proportions shown are only schematic. The same reference numbers designate the same objects, so that explanations from other figures can be used in addition if necessary. Show it:

Fig. 1:

A press tool of a press in a perspective view, partly in section;

Fig. 2:

the press tool Fig. 1 in a perspective view, in section;

Fig. 3:

the press tool Fig. 1 and 2 in a top view along the axial direction;

Fig. 4:

a side view of the press tool in section IV-IV according to Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5:

the press tool Fig. 1 to 4 in a side view in another section according to VV Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 6:

a plane plate of the press tool Fig. 1 to 5 in a perspective view;

Fig. 7:

the level plate Fig. 6 in another perspective view;

Fig. 8:

the level plate Figs. 6 and 7 in a side view in section VIII-VIII according to Fig. 9 ;

Fig. 9:

the level plate Fig. 6 to 8 in a top view along the axial direction;

Fig. 10:

a known press tool in a side view in section;

Fig. 11:

a known adapter for a press in a side view in section;

Fig. 12:

a known press frame for an adapter;

Fig. 13:

a further exemplary embodiment of a press tool of a press in a perspective view, partly in section;

Fig. 14:

the press tool Fig. 13 in a top view along the axial direction;

Fig. 15:

a side view of the press tool Fig. 13 and 14 in section XV-XV according to Fig. 14 ;

Fig. 16:

the press tool Fig. 13 to 15 in a side view in another section XVI-XVI according to Fig. 14 ;

Fig. 17:

a plane plate of the press tool Fig. 13 to 16 in a perspective view;

Fig. 18:

the level plate Fig. 17 in a top view along the axial direction;

Fig. 19:

the level plate 17 and 18 in a side view;

Fig. 20:

the level plate Fig. 17 to 19 in a side view in section XX-XX according to Fig. 18 ; and

Fig. 21:

the level plate Fig. 17 to 20 in a side view in section XXI-XXI according to Fig. 18 .

Fig. 1 shows a press tool 2 of a press 3 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 2 shows the press tool 2 Fig. 1 in a perspective view, in section II-II according to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 shows the press tool 2 Fig. 1 and 2 in a view from above along the axial direction 5. In the Fig. 3 the courses of the section lines II-II, IV-IV and VV are shown. Fig. 4 shows a side view of the press tool in section IV-IV according to Fig. 3 . Fig. 5 shows the press tool 2 Fig. 1 to 4 in a side view in another section according to VV Fig. 3 . The Fig. 1 to 5 are described together below.

The press tool 2 comprises a plurality of plane plates 1, 33, two first plane plates 1 and two second plane plates 33, i.e. four, which are arranged one above the other along the axial direction 5. Each of the four level plates 1, 33 is, as in Fig. 9 shown, displaced along the axial direction 5 by two lifting cylinders, a first lifting cylinder 4 and a second lifting cylinder 47. Each level plate 1, 33 therefore has two connections, a first connection 34 for the first lifting cylinder 4 and a second connection 46 for the second lifting cylinder 47. Furthermore, four guide columns, two first guide columns 8 and two second guide columns 37 are provided, each level plate 1, 33 having four cylindrical guide surfaces, namely first guide surfaces 7 on the first guide column 8 and second guide surfaces 31 on the second guide column 37 (where the second level plate 33 has at least a third guide surface 35 on the second guide column 37) for contacting the guide columns 8, 37 common to the level plates 1, 33. Furthermore, each level plate 1, 33 each has a centrally arranged receptacle 9 for contacting the stamp 6 (see Fig. 8 ) or a stamp holder (also through here symbolized by the stamp 6) of the press 3. The plane plates 1, 33 are arranged one above the other along an axial direction 5, so that the guide surfaces 7, 31, 35 of each plane plate 1, 33 are each arranged coaxially to the corresponding guide surfaces 7, 31, 35 of the other plane plates 1, 33. The plane plates 1, 33 can be arranged at least partially overlapping one another along the axial direction 5 and along the radial direction 11, so that at least parts of the different plane plates 1, 33 are at the same height 29 relative to the axial direction 5 (and thus along the radial direction 11 are arranged adjacent to each other). The plane plates 1, 33 can be arranged nested within one another (and therefore not only spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5), so that an overall height 48 of the press tool 2 can be reduced. Nested here means that the level plates 1, 33 can be arranged one above the other along the axial direction 5 and next to one another in the radial direction 11 at least with parts of the different level plates 1, 33.

The press tool 2 here further comprises a base plate 49 and a die receiving plate 50, between which the guide columns 8, 37 extend and the level plates 1, 33 are arranged.

The level plates 1, 33 of the press tool 2 each have four cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31, 35 for contacting four guide columns 8, 37 common to the level plates 1, 33. A first level plate 1 has a first guide surface 7 with a first lower end 28 and the second level plate 33 has a third guide surface 35 with a third lower end 36. The first level plate 1 can be arranged relative to the axial direction 5 above the second level plate 33 and the level plates 1, 33 can be arranged relative to one another in such a way that the first guide surface 7 is a first guide column 8 of the common guide columns 8, 37 and the third guide surface 35 is one (other, also) second guide column 37 of the common guide columns 8, 37 contacted. The first lower end 28 is arranged below the third lower end 36 relative to the axial direction 5 (see Fig. 4 with the in Fig. 3 Section IV-IV shown).

As explained above for the level plate 1, 33, the guide surfaces 7, 31, 35 of a level plate 1, 33 are to be arranged at different heights 29, so that the guide surfaces 7, 31, 35 of different level plates 1, 33 are on different guide columns 8, 37 in the axial direction 5 can be arranged in a reversed order compared to the plane plates 1, 33. This means that tilting of the plane plate 1, 33 about an axis perpendicular to the axial direction 5 relative to a plane plate 1, 33 with guide surfaces 7, 31, 35 arranged exclusively at a common height 29 can be reduced or completely prevented and a nested arrangement of the plane plates 1 , 33 can be realized, so that an overall lower height 48 of the press tool 2 is possible.

With the level plate 1, 33 and the press tool 2, a method for actuating a press 3 can be implemented, the press 3 comprising at least one guide column 8, 37 and at least one lifting cylinder 4, 47 as well as a press tool 2 described above. According to step a) of the method, the press 3 and the press tool 2 are provided. According to step b) of the method, at least the first level plate 1 and the second level plate 33 are arranged in the press 3 (i.e. between the base plate 49 and the die receiving plate 50). The plane plates 1, 33 are arranged one above the other along an axial direction 5 in such a way that the at least one cylindrical guide surface 7, 31, 35 of each plane plate 1, 33 is arranged coaxially with one another. The plane plates 1, 33 are arranged at least partially overlapping one another along the axial direction 5 and along the radial direction 11, so that at least parts of the two plane plates 1, 33 are arranged at the same height 29 relative to the axial direction 5 (and thus adjacent to one another along the radial direction 11).

It can be seen that the level plates 1, 33 are made in one piece.

Below we refer to the second lowest level plate shown Fig. 1 to 5 Referenced. The level plate 1 can be moved via at least one lifting cylinder 4, 47 along an axial direction 5 for actuating a stamp 6 of the press 3. The plane plate 1 has a connection 34, 46 for the at least one lifting cylinder 4, 47, at least one cylindrical guide surface 7, 31 parallel to the axial direction 5 for contacting a guide column 8, 37 and a centrally arranged receptacle 9 for contacting the stamp 6 or one Stamp holder of press 3. The plane plate 1 has at least a first region 12 in at least a first cross section 10, which runs parallel to the axial direction 5 and along a radial direction 11 that runs perpendicular to the axial direction 5 between the receptacle 9 and the guide surface 7, in which there is a Wall thickness 13 of the level plate 1 changes continuously.

The level plate 1 shown is actuated via two lifting cylinders 4, 47, the level plate 1 each having a connection 34, 46 for each lifting cylinder 4, 47. The lifting cylinder(s) 4, 47 is/are in particular arranged relative to the plane plate 1 in such a way that the plane plate 1 is subjected to the lowest possible torque about an axis parallel to the radial direction 11.

The plane plate 1 has four guide surfaces 7, 31, which are arranged spaced apart from one another in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction 5. The plane plate 1 can be moved along the at least one guide surface 7, 31 axial direction 5 through the at least one guide column 8, 37, which extends along the axial direction 5. Via the at least one guide column 8, 37, a rotation of the plane plate 1 in a circumferential direction 18 and/or a tilting of the plane plate 1 about an axis of rotation/direction running along a radial direction 11 is reduced or prevented. The various level plates 1, 33 of an upper or lower press tool 2 (only lower press tools 2 are shown here) are guided by common guide columns 8, 37.

The receptacle 9 for contacting the stamp 6 or a stamp holder of the press 3 is arranged centrally, ie in a center of the plane plate 1 when viewed along the axial direction 5 (see Fig. 3 ). The receptacle 9 is arranged between a plurality of lifting cylinders 4, 47 and a plurality of guide columns 8, 37, so that when the plane plate 1 is subjected to a pressing force, the plane plate 1 is acted upon by the lowest possible torque about an axis parallel to the radial direction 11 becomes.

The receptacle 9 is circular here and has a longitudinal axis running parallel to the axial direction 5 and arranged concentrically to the receptacle 9. The radial direction 11 extends perpendicular to the axial direction 5 and in each case starting from the longitudinal axis.

The receptacle 9 has a receiving surface for contacting and supporting the stamp 6 or stamp holder. The stamp 6 or the stamp holder can be attached to the receptacle 9 via a clamping plate, a screw connection, a bayonet lock or similar.

The plane plate has at least a first cross section 10 which runs parallel to the axial direction 5 and along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction 5 Radial direction 11 runs between the receptacle 9 and the first guide surface 7, at least a first region 12 in which a wall thickness 13 of the plane plate 1 changes continuously. The wall thickness 13 is determined in a direction parallel to the axial direction 5.

This wall thickness 13 changes continuously, i.e. H. at each mutually adjacent position along the radial direction 11, the first region 12 has a different wall thickness 13.

The first region 12 extends in the radial direction 11 over a first extent 14, which is at least 10% of a smallest distance 15 between the receptacle 9 and the first guide surface 7 in the first cross section 10 along the radial direction 11.

The receptacle 9 comprises a receiving surface or a functional area (hereinafter also referred to as parts of the receptacle 9) on the plane plate 1, on which the stamp 6 or a stamp holder can be arranged. The smallest distance 15 is determined between the first guide surface 7 and a part of the receptacle 9 that is closest to the guide surface 7 along the radial direction 11.

The plane plate 1 has at least a second cross section 16 (see Fig. 2 and 4 ), which runs along the radial direction 11 between the receptacle 9 and the second guide surface 31 and is arranged rotated relative to the first cross section 10 by an angular range 17 of here 90 degrees in a circumferential direction 18 (see Fig. 3 ), at least a second area 19 in which the wall thickness 13 of the plane plate 1 changes continuously. The second region 19 extends in the radial direction 11 over a second region Extension 20, which differs from the first extension 14 (in terms of amount).

The second region 19 has a wall thickness 13 and a second center line 23, the second region 19 extending in the radial direction 11 over a second extension 20, in which the second center line 23 runs at a second angle 24 to the radial direction 11; where the second extension 20 differs from the first extension 14.

Out of Fig. 4 and 5 It can be seen that only a cross section that is rotated by an angular range 17 of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction 18 relative to the first cross section 10 is designed to be identical to the first cross section 10.

The second cross section 16 also runs parallel to the axial direction 5 and along a radial direction 11 which runs perpendicular to the axial direction 5, i.e. rotated only in a circumferential direction 18 compared to the first cross section 10.

The wall thickness 13 can be seen to vary in the first area 12 and in the second area 19.

The first region 12 has a first center line 21 in the first cross section 10, the first center line 21 running at a first angle 22 to the radial direction 11. The first center line 21 (and also the second center line 23) is formed by the center points of the wall thickness 13 present at the respective radial position.

The plane plate 1 has in the first cross section 10 (and in the second cross section 16) a third region 25 which adjoins the first region 12 (or the second region 19) in the radial direction 11, the third region 25 has a third center line 26, the third center line 26 running at a third angle 27 to the radial direction 11, the first angle 22 (or the second angle 24) and the third angle 27 being oriented in opposite directions with respect to the radial direction 11.

The plane plate 1 has an upper side 39 pointing in a first axial direction 38 and a second axial direction 40 pointing in a second axial direction 40 opposite the first axial direction 38. The top 39 and the bottom 41 of the plane plate 1 run in the first area 12 of the first cross section 10 at a first angle 22 and in the third area 25 at a third angle 27 to the radial direction 11.

The first cross section 10 extends through the first guide surface 7 and the first guide surface 7 has a first lower end 28 (on the underside 41 of the plane plate 1), which is arranged at a height 29 relative to the axial direction 5. A turning region 30 of the plane plate 1 is arranged in the first cross section 10 (and in the second cross section 16) between the first region 12 (or the second region 19) and the third region 25. The turning region 30 arranged in the first cross section 10 between the first region 12 and the third region 25 is arranged below the first lower end 28 with respect to the axial direction 5.

Furthermore, the level plate 1 has at least two cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 for contacting a respective guide column 8, 37, with a cylindrical first guide surface 7 having a first lower end 28 and a cylindrical second guide surface 31 having a second lower end 32, the first lower end 28 and the second lower end 32 are arranged at heights 29 that differ from one another relative to the axial direction 5.

The lower ends, i.e. the first lower end 28 and the second lower end 32, are arranged on an underside 41 of the level plate 1. The lower ends 28, 32 of two cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 of a plane plate 1 (namely those of the first guide surface 7 or of the second guide surface 31) are arranged at a common height 29 (see Fig. 2 ). The two cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 with the lower ends 28, 32 arranged at the common height 29 are arranged offset from one another by 180 degrees in a circumferential direction 18.

The plane plate 1 has at least two cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 for contacting a respective guide column 8, 37, a first cylindrical guide surface 7 having a first lower end 28 and a first upper end 43 and a second cylindrical guide surface 31 having a second lower end 32 and a second upper end 45, wherein the first lower end 28 is arranged at a different height 29 relative to the axial direction 5 below the second lower end 32 and wherein the first upper end 43 is arranged below the second upper one relative to the axial direction 5 End 45 is arranged at a different height 29 (see Fig. 4 ).

The connection 34 on the top 39 has an upper connection surface 44. The first upper end 43 and the upper connecting surface 44 are arranged at heights 29 that differ from one another compared to the axial direction 5 and are therefore spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5 (see Fig. 4 ).

The upper connection surface 44 is arranged along the axial direction 5 between the first upper end 43 and the second upper end 45 at a height 29 that differs from the axial direction 5 (see Fig. 4 ).

The upper connection surface 44 is arranged along the axial direction 5 between the first upper end 43 and the second lower end 32 at a height 29 that differs from the axial direction 5 (see Fig. 4 ).

In Fig. 5 is shown with reference to the uppermost of the plane plates 1, 33, that the (first) plane plate 1 in at least a first cross section 10, which is parallel to the axial direction 5 and along a radial direction 11 running perpendicular to the axial direction 5 between the first connection 34 and the receptacle 9 (and between the second connection 46 and the receptacle 9), has at least a first region 12 with a wall thickness 13, the wall thickness 13 being in the first region 12 and spaced from the receptacle 9 and from the first connection 34 (or from the second connection 46) has a minimum 42.

The plane plate 1 is contacted via two lifting cylinders 4, 47 and can be moved along an axial direction 5 to actuate a stamp 6 of the press 3. The level plate 1 has a first connection 34 for a first lifting cylinder 4 and a second connection 46 for a second lifting cylinder 47. The connections 34, 46 are arranged at a height 29 that is common to the axial direction 5.

Here the minimum 42 is designed as an opening which connects an upper side 39 pointing in a first axial direction 38 and an underside 41 of the plane plate 1 pointing in a second axial direction 40 opposite the first axial direction 38.

The wall thickness 13 changes continuously in the first area 12 at least between the receptacle 9 and the minimum 42.

At least the first region 12 has a first center line 21 in the first cross section 10, the first center line 21 running at a first angle 22 to the radial direction 11.

The first plane plate 1 has an upper side 39 pointing in a first axial direction 38 and a second axial direction 40 pointing in a second axial direction 40 opposite to the first axial direction 38, the at least one guide surface 7, 31 on the upper side 39 having an upper end 43 having; wherein the connection 34 has an upper connection surface 44 on the top 39. The upper end 43 and the upper connecting surface 44 are arranged at heights 29 that are different from one another compared to the axial direction 5 and are therefore spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5 (see Fig. 4 ).

The Fig. 6 shows a level plate 1 of the press tool 2 Fig. 1 to 5 in a perspective view. The Fig. 7 shows the first level plate 1 Fig. 6 in another perspective view. The Fig. 8 shows the first level plate 1 Figs. 6 and 7 in a side view in section VIII-VIII according to Fig. 9 . The Fig. 9 shows the first level plate 1 Fig. 6 to 8 in a view from above along the axial direction 5. The Fig. 6 to 9 are described together below. Onto the statements Fig. 1 to 5 is referred to.

The level plate 1 shown is actuated via two lifting cylinders 4, 47, with the first level plate 1 having a connection 34, 46 for each lifting cylinder 4, 47. The lifting cylinders 4, 47 are opposite the first level plate 1 arranged that the first plane plate 1 is acted upon by the lowest possible torque about an axis parallel to the radial direction 11.

The first plane plate 1 has four guide surfaces 7, 31, which are arranged spaced apart from one another in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction 5. Via the one guide surfaces 7, 31, the first plane plate 1 can be guided along the axial direction 5 through the at least one guide column 8, 37, which extends along the axial direction 5. Via the at least one guide column 8, 37, a rotation of the first plane plate 1 in a circumferential direction 18 and/or a tilting of the plane plate 1 about an axis/direction running along a radial direction 11 is reduced or prevented.

The receptacle 9 for contacting the stamp 6 or a stamp holder of the press 3 is arranged centrally, ie in a center of the first plane plate 1 when viewed along the axial direction 5 (see Fig. 9 ). The receptacle 9 is therefore arranged between a plurality of lifting cylinders 4, 47 and a plurality of guide columns 8, 37, so that the first plane plate 1 when the first plane plate 1 is subjected to a pressing force (along the axial direction 5) is as small as possible Torque is applied about an axis parallel to the radial direction 11.

The receptacle 9 is circular here and has a longitudinal axis running parallel to the axial direction 5 and arranged concentrically to the receptacle 9. The radial direction 11 extends perpendicular to the axial direction 5 and in each case starting from the longitudinal axis.

The receptacle 9 has a receiving surface for contacting and supporting the stamp 6 or stamp holder. The stamp 6 or the stamp holder can be attached to the holder 9 using a clamping plate, a screw connection, a bayonet lock or similar (see Fig. 7 ).

Furthermore, the first level plate 1 has at least four cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 for contacting a respective guide column 8, 37, with a cylindrical first guide surface 7 having a first lower end 28 and a cylindrical second guide surface 31 having a second lower end 32, the first lower end 28 and the second lower end 32 are arranged at heights 29 that differ from one another relative to the axial direction 5.

The lower ends 28, 32 are arranged on an underside 41 of the first level plate 1. The lower ends 28, 32 of two cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 of a first plane plate 1 are arranged at a common height 29. The two cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 with the lower ends 28, 32 arranged at the common height 29 are arranged offset from one another by 180 degrees in a circumferential direction 18.

The first level plate 1 has at least two cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31 for contacting a respective guide column 8, 37, a first cylindrical guide surface 7 having a first lower end 28 and a first upper end 43 and a second cylindrical guide surface 31 having a second lower end 32 and a second upper end 45, wherein the first lower end 28 is arranged relative to the axial direction 5 below the second lower end 32 at a different height 29 and wherein the first upper end 43 relative to the axial direction 5 below the second upper end 45 is arranged at a different height 29.

The first guide surface 7 has a first upper end 43 on the top 39 of the level plate 1, the first lower end 28 and the first upper end 43 are arranged at heights 29 that differ from one another compared to the axial direction 5 and are therefore spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5. The first lower end 28 and the second lower end 32 are arranged spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5 by approximately 250% of the distance.

The connection 34 on the top 39 has an upper connection surface 44. The first upper end 43 and the upper connection surface 44 are arranged at heights 29 that differ from one another relative to the axial direction 5 and are therefore spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5.

The upper connection surface 44 is arranged along the axial direction 5 between the first upper end 43 and the second upper end 45 at a height 29 that is different from the axial direction 5.

The upper connection surface 44 is arranged along the axial direction 5 between the first upper end 43 and the second lower end 32 at a height 29 that is different from the axial direction 5.

Fig. 10 shows a known press tool 2 in a side view in section. The press tool 2 is a lower adapter part 53 of an adapter 51 of a press 3 (see Fig. 11 and 12 ) The press tool 2 includes four plane plates 1, which are arranged one above the other along the axial direction 5. Each of the four level plates 1 is displaced along the axial direction 5 by two lifting cylinders 4. Each level plate 1 therefore has two connections 34. Four guide columns 8 are also provided, with each level plate 1 having four cylindrical guide surfaces 7 on the guide column 8 for contacting the guide columns 8 common to the level plates 1. Furthermore, each level plate 1 has a centrally arranged receptacle 9 for contacting the stamp 6 (cf. Fig. 8 ) or a stamp holder (here also symbolized by the stamp 6) of the press 3. The level plates 1 are arranged one above the other along an axial direction 5, so that the guide surfaces 7 of each level plate 1 are each arranged coaxially to the corresponding guide surfaces 7 of the other level plates 1.

The press tool 2 here further comprises a base plate 49 and a die receiving plate 50, between which the guide columns 8 extend and the level plates 1 are arranged.

In the known press tool 2, the individual plane plates 1 are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5 and arranged one above the other, i.e. H. they are permanently arranged at different heights 29 (levels) along the axial direction 5. The plane plate 1 extends between the centrally arranged receptacle 9 for the stamp holder or the stamp 6 along the radial direction 1 at least up to a cylindrical guide surface 7, which is provided for contacting one of the guide columns 8.

The plane plates 1 are rectangular in shape in the cross section shown and have a constant wall thickness 13. The receptacle 9 is cylindrical here and extends from the level plate 1 along the axial direction 5. The receptacles 9 of the lower level plates 1 are each longer than the receptacle 1 of the adjacent level plate 1. The change in cross-section is not in the area between the guide surfaces 7 on the guide columns 8 and the central receptacle 9 and does not run continuously along an extension but is only provided at a specific position, namely at the receptacle 9. The change in cross-section is formed by side walls running parallel to the axial direction 5.

Fig. 11 shows a known adapter 51 for a press 3 in a side view in section. The adapter 51 includes an upper adapter part 52 and a lower adapter part 53 (similar to the lower adapter part 53 according to Fig. 10 ) with level plates 1, base plate 49 and die receiving plate 50. Go to the explanations Fig. 10 is referred to.

Fig. 12 shows a known press frame 54 for receiving an adapter 51, e.g. B. the adapter 51 Fig. 11 . The adapter 51 is supported on the press frame 54.

Press frame 54 and adapter 51 with the above-mentioned components form a press 3. The press frame 54 has two couplings 55 for receiving the adapters 51.

The structure of the known press 3 or the press tool 2 (i.e. at least the lower adapter part 53) according to Fig. 10 to 12 has a large overall height 48 in the axial direction 5. Starting from the die receiving plate 50, for each tool level, which also includes the respective level plate 1, the individual components of the relevant tool level (i.e. punch 6, possibly associated punch holder, receptacle 9) extend to different distances along the axial direction 5, so that different Elasticities are available for each tool level. As a result of the different elasticities, demoulding the green body to be produced can be problematic due to the different expansion of the components between different tool levels when the tool levels are relaxed (pressing force is reduced), and cracks can occur in the green body.

Fig. 13 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a press tool 2 of a press 3 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 14 shows the press tool 2 Fig. 13 in a view from above along the axial direction 5. In the Fig. 14 the courses of the section lines XV-XV and XVI-XVI are shown. Fig. 15 shows a side view of the press tool 2 Fig. 13 and 14 in section XV-XV according to Fig. 14 . Fig. 16 shows the press tool 2 Fig. 13 to 15 in a side view in another section XVI-XVI according to Fig. 14 . The Fig. 13 to 16 are described together below. On the comments on the Fig. 1 to 5 is referred to.

In contrast to the press tool 2 or the press 3 Fig. 1 to 5 Here, the press tool 2 has eight (8) guide columns 8, 37, namely four (4) first guide columns 8 and four (4) second guide columns 37.

The guide columns 8, 37 each extend from the base plate 49 to the die receiving plate 50.

Furthermore, each level plate 1, 33 has two (2) lifting cylinders 4, 47. Each lifting cylinder 4, 47 extends through the base plate 49 along the axial direction 5 to a connection 34, 46 on the plane plate 1, 33. The connections 34, 46 of the lifting cylinders 4, 47 on a plane plate can be seen on one arranged at the same height 29.

The level plates 1, 33 of the press tool 2 each have eight cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31, 35 for contacting eight guide columns 8, 37 common to the level plates 1, 33. A first level plate 1 has a first guide surface 7 with a first lower end 28 and the second level plate 33 has a third guide surface 35 with a third lower end 36. The first plane plate 1 is above the second in the axial direction 5 Level plate 33 can be arranged and the level plates 1, 33 can be arranged relative to one another in such a way that the first guide surface 7 is a first guide column 8 of the common guide columns 8, 37 and the third guide surface 35 is a (different, i.e.) second guide column 37 of the common guide columns 8, 37 contacted. The first lower end 28 is arranged below the third lower end 36 relative to the axial direction 5 (see 15 and 16 ).

Fig. 17 shows a level plate 1 of the press tool 2 Fig. 13 to 16 in a perspective view. Fig. 18 shows level plate 1 Fig. 17 in a view from above along the axial direction 5. Fig. 19 shows level plate 1 17 and 18 in a side view. Fig. 20 shows level plate 1 Fig. 17 to 19 in a side view in section XX-XX according to Fig. 18. Fig. 21 shows level plate 1 Fig. 17 to 20 in a side view in section XXI-XXI according to Fig. 18 . The Fig. 17 to 21 are described together below. On the comments on the Fig. 13 to 16 and 6 to 9 are referenced.

The level plate 1 shown is actuated via two lifting cylinders 4, 47, with the first level plate 1 having a connection 34, 46 for each lifting cylinder 4, 47.

Furthermore, the level plate 1 has eight cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31, each guide surface 7, 31 each contacting a guide column 8, 37, a cylindrical first guide surface 7 having a first lower end 28 and a cylindrical second guide surface 31 having a second lower end 32 ( please refer Fig. 21 ), wherein the first lower end 28 and the second lower end 32 are arranged at heights 29 that differ from one another relative to the axial direction 5.

The lower ends 28, 32 are arranged on an underside 41 of the plane plate 1. Here all four (4) first lower ends 28 of the first guide surfaces 7 are arranged at a common height. Furthermore, all four (4) second lower ends 32 of the second guide surfaces are each arranged at a common height. The first cylindrical guide surfaces 7 with the first lower ends 28 arranged at the common height 29 are arranged offset from one another in a circumferential direction 18 by 90 angular degrees (the second guide surfaces 31 as well; and thereby offset in a circumferential direction 18 by 45 angular degrees from the first guide surfaces 7 ).

The first level plate 1 has eight cylindrical guide surfaces 7, 31, with first guide surfaces 7 contacting first guide columns 8 and second guide surfaces 31 contacting second guide columns 37. First cylindrical guide surfaces 7 each have a first lower end 28 and a first upper end 43, with second cylindrical guide surfaces 31 each having a second lower end 32 and a second upper end 45. The first lower end 28 is arranged at a different height 29 relative to the axial direction 5 below the second lower end 32. The first upper end 43 is arranged at a different height 29 relative to the axial direction 5 below the second upper end 45.

The first connection 34 and the second connection 46 have an upper connection surface 44 on the top 39. The first upper end 43 and the upper connection surface 44 are arranged at heights 29 that differ from one another relative to the axial direction 5 and are therefore spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 5.

The upper connection surface 44 is arranged along the axial direction 5 between the first upper end 43 and the second upper end 45 at a height 29 that is different from the axial direction 5.

The upper connection surface 44 is arranged along the axial direction 5 between the first upper end 43 and the second lower end 32 at a height 29 that is different from the axial direction 5.

The plane plate 1 has at least a first cross section 10 (e.g. shown in Fig. 20 ), which runs parallel to the axial direction 5 and along a radial direction 11 running perpendicular to the axial direction 5 between the receptacle 9 and the first guide surface 7, at least a first region 12 in which a wall thickness 13 of the plane plate 1 changes continuously. The wall thickness 13 is determined in a direction parallel to the axial direction 5.

This wall thickness 13 changes continuously, i.e. H. at each mutually adjacent position along the radial direction 11, the first region 12 has a different wall thickness 13.

The first region 12 has a first center line 21 in the first cross section 10, the first center line 21 running at a first angle 22 to the radial direction 11. The first center line 21 is formed by the center points of the wall thickness 13 present at the respective radial position.

Reference symbol list

1

first level plate

2

Press tool

3

Press

4

(first) lifting cylinder

5

axial direction

6

Rubber stamp

7

(first) guide surface

8th

Leadership pillar

9

Recording

10

first cross section

11

radial direction

12

first area

13

Wall thickness

14

first extension

15

Distance

16

second cross section

17

Angle range

18

Circumferential direction

19

second area

20

second extension

21

first center line

22

first angle

23

second center line

24

second angle

25

third area

26

third centerline

27

third angle

28

(first) lower end

29

Height

30

Turning area

31

second guide surface

32

second bottom end

33

second level plate

34

(first) connection

35

third guide surface

36

third bottom end

37

second leadership pillar

38

first axial direction

39

Top

40

second axial direction

41

bottom

42

minimum

43

(first) upper end

44

upper connection surface

45

second top end

46

second connection

47

second lifting cylinder

48

height

49

base plate

50

Die receiving plate

51

adapter

52

Adapter top

53

Adapter base

54

Press frame

55

coupling

Claims (13)

1. Plane plate (1) for a pressing tool (2) of a press (3), wherein the plane plate (1) for activating a punch (6) of a press (3) by way of at least one lifting cylinder (4) can be displaced along an axial direction (5); wherein the plane plate (1) has an upper side (39) that points in a first axial direction (38) and a lower side (41) that points in a second axial direction (40) counter to the first axial direction (38), a link (34) to the at least one lifting cylinder (4), a centrally disposed receptacle (9) for contacting the punch (6) or a punch holder of the press (3), as well as at least a first at least partially cylindrical guiding face (7) which for contacting a first guide column (8) is parallel with the axial direction (5), and a second at least partially cylindrical guiding face (31) which for contacting a second guide column (37) is parallel with the axial direction (5); wherein on the lower side (41) of the plane plate (1) the first guiding face (7) has a first lower end (28) and the second guiding face (31) has a second lower end (32), characterized in that the first lower end (28) and the second lower end (32) in relation to the axial direction (5) are disposed at mutually dissimilar heights (29) and thus are disposed so as to be mutually spaced apart in the axial direction (5).
2. Plane plate (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein on the upper side (39) of the plane plate (1) the first guiding face (7) has a first upper end (43), wherein the first lower end (28) and the first upper end (43) are disposed at mutually dissimilar heights (29) in relation to the axial direction (5), and thus so as to be mutually spaced apart at a distance in the axial direction (5); wherein the first lower end (28) and the second lower end (32) are disposed so as to be mutually spaced apart by at least 50% of the distance in the axial direction (5).
3. Plane plate (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the plane plate (1) has four at least partially cylindrical guiding faces (7, 31) for contacting four guide columns (8, 37); wherein each guiding face (7, 31) has a lower end (28, 32); wherein the lower ends (28, 32) of two guiding faces (7, 31) are in each case disposed at a common height (29).
4. Plane plate (1) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the two guiding faces (7, 31) having the lower ends (28, 32) disposed at the common height (29) are disposed so as to be mutually offset by 90 or 180 angular degrees in a circumferential direction (18).
5. Plane plate (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein all lower ends (28, 32) of the guiding faces (7, 31) of the one plane plate (1) are disposed at mutually dissimilar heights (29) in relation to the axial direction (5).
6. Plane plate (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the plane plate (1) in at least a first cross section (10), which runs so as to be parallel with the axial direction (5) and along a radial direction (11) that runs so as to be perpendicular to the axial direction (5), between the receptacle (9) and one of the guiding faces (7, 31) has at least a first region (12) having a wall thickness (13) and a first centerline (21); wherein the first region (12) in the radial direction (11) extends across a first extent (14) in which the first centerline (21) runs at a first angle (22) of at least 10 angular degrees in relation to the radial direction (11).
7. Plane plate (1) as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first extent (14) is at least 10% of a smallest spacing (15) between the receptacle (9) and the guiding face (7, 31) in the first cross section (10) along the radial direction (11).
8. Plane plate (1) as claimed in one of preceding claims 6 and 7, wherein the plane plate (11) in at least a second cross section (16), which runs along a radial direction (11) between the receptacle (9) and one of the guiding faces (7, 31) and is disposed so as to be rotated by an angular range (17) in a circumferential direction (18) in relation to the first cross section (10), has at least a second region (19) with a wall thickness (13) and a second centerline (23), wherein the second region (19) in the radial direction (11) extends across a second extent (20) in which the second centerline (23) runs at a second angle (24) of at least 10 angular degrees in relation to the radial direction (11); wherein the second extent (20) differs from the first extent (14).
9. Plane plate (1) as claimed in one of preceding claims 6 to 8, wherein the plane plate (1) in the first cross section (10) has a third region (25) that in the radial direction (11) is contiguous to the first region (12), wherein the third region (25) has a third centerline (26), wherein the third centerline (26) runs at a third angle (27) of at least 10 angular degrees in relation to the radial direction (11), wherein the first angle (22) and the third angle (27) are oriented so as to be mutually opposite in relation to the radial direction (11).
10. Plane plate (1) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first cross section (10) extends through one of the guiding faces (7, 31), and the guiding face (7, 31) has a lower end (28, 32) which is disposed at a height (29) in relation to the axial direction (5), wherein a reversing region (30) of the plane plate (1) is disposed in the first cross section (10) between the first region (12) and the third region (25), wherein said reversing region (30) in relation to the axial direction (5) is disposed below said lower end (28, 32).
11. Pressing tool (2) for a press (3), at least comprising a first plane plate (1) and a second plane plate (33), wherein at least the first plane plate (1) for activating a punch (6) of the press (3) by way of at least one lifting cylinder (4) is displaceable along an axial direction (5); wherein at least the first plane plate (1) has a link (34) to the at least one lifting cylinder (4), wherein each plane plate (1, 33) for contacting a guide column (8, 37) that is common to the plane plates (1) has in each case at least one at least partially cylindrical guiding face (7, 31), and for contacting the punch (6) or a punch holder of the press (3) has in each case one centrally disposed receptacle (9); wherein the plane plates (1, 33) along an axial direction (5) are capable of being disposed on top of one another such that the respective at least one guiding face (7, 31) of each plane plate (1, 33) is disposed so as to be coaxial with the respective other at least one guiding face (7, 31); wherein at least the first plane plate (1) is a plane plate (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims; wherein the plane plates (1, 33) are capable of being disposed so as to be at least partially mutually overlapping along the axial direction (5) and along the radial direction (11).
12. Pressing tool (2) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the plane plates (1, 33) for contacting two guide columns (8, 37) that are common to the plane plates (1, 33) have in each case at least two at least partially cylindrical guiding faces (7, 31); wherein the first plane plate (1) has a first guiding face (7) having a first lower end (28), and the second plane plate (33) has a third guiding face (35) having a third lower end (36), wherein the first plane plate (1) in relation to the axial direction (5) is capable of being disposed above the second plane plate (33), and the plane plates (1, 33) herein are capable of being mutually disposed such that the first guiding face (7) contacts a first guide column (8) of the common guide columns (8, 37), and the third guiding face (35) contacts a second guide column (37) of the common guide columns (8, 37); wherein the first lower end (28) in relation to the axial direction (5) herein is disposed below the third lower end (36).
13. Use of a plane plate (1) in a pressing tool (2) of a press (3) for producing a green compact; wherein the plane plate (1) for activating a punch (6) of the press (3) by way of at least one lifting cylinder (4) is displaceable along an axial direction (5); wherein the plane plate (1) has an upper side (39) that points in a first axial direction (38) and a lower side (41) that points in a second axial direction (40) counter to the first axial direction (38), a link (34) to the at least one lifting cylinder (4), a centrally disposed receptacle (9) for contacting the punch (6) or a punch holder of a press (3), as well as at least a first at least partially cylindrical guiding face (7) which for contacting a first guide column (8) is parallel with the axial direction (5), and a second at least partially cylindrical guiding face (31) which for contacting a second guide column (37) is parallel with the axial direction (5); wherein on the lower side (41) of the plane plate (1) the first guiding face (7) has a first lower end (28) and the second guiding face (31) has a second lower end (32), characterized in that the first lower end (28) and the second lower end (32) in relation to the axial direction (5) are disposed at mutually dissimilar heights (29) and thus are disposed so as to be mutually spaced apart in the axial direction (5).

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