EP3636889A1 - Procédé de nettoyage et / ou de contrôle d'un objet perméable au gaz, approprié au nettoyage des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne ainsi que dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procédé de nettoyage et / ou de contrôle d'un objet perméable au gaz, approprié au nettoyage des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne ainsi que dispositif correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3636889A1
EP3636889A1 EP18199719.8A EP18199719A EP3636889A1 EP 3636889 A1 EP3636889 A1 EP 3636889A1 EP 18199719 A EP18199719 A EP 18199719A EP 3636889 A1 EP3636889 A1 EP 3636889A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
cleaning
fluid
gas
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18199719.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hanspeter Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceramex Ltd
Original Assignee
Ceramex Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramex Ltd filed Critical Ceramex Ltd
Priority to EP18199719.8A priority Critical patent/EP3636889A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2019/077478 priority patent/WO2020074643A1/fr
Publication of EP3636889A1 publication Critical patent/EP3636889A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/05—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning and / or testing a gas-permeable object suitable for cleaning an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, which is arranged for exhaust gas purification in a housing which has a gas inlet opening and a gas outlet opening in such a way that a gas inlet opening into the housing introduced exhaust gas at least partially passes the object before the exhaust gas exits the gas outlet opening from the housing.
  • the invention further relates to a device for cleaning and / or testing a gas-permeable object suitable for cleaning an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, in particular a filter or catalytic converter of a motor vehicle, which is arranged in such a way for exhaust gas cleaning in a housing which has a gas inlet opening and a gas outlet opening that an exhaust gas introduced into the housing through the gas inlet opening at least partially passes the object before the exhaust gas exits the housing from the gas outlet opening.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset, which can be implemented particularly efficiently.
  • a device of the type mentioned at the outset is to be specified with which a method for cleaning and / or checking such an object can be implemented particularly efficiently.
  • the first object is achieved according to the invention by a method of the type mentioned at the outset, in which a line of a device is connected to the gas outlet opening and a further line of the device is connected to the gas inlet opening, after which a fluid is passed through the lines by means of the device through the object, to inspect and / or clean the item.
  • a device is tightly connected to the housing via lines, after which the device is used to transport a fluid through the lines into the housing and through the object, wherein the fluid can be designed as a cleaning fluid and / or as a test fluid in order to convey the object to a To flow through or to detect a quality of the object by recording one or more state values of the fluid or the test fluid before and after passing the object.
  • These status values which can be used to assess a quality of the object or a test, can be, for example, a pressure, a particle loading, a chemical composition and the like, which are measured or known prior to the application of the object and with corresponding values of the fluid Passing the object to be compared.
  • the object thus remains in the housing during the test and / or cleaning, in which it is used even in the intended operation in a motor vehicle.
  • the fluid can be designed as a cleaning fluid, wherein in particular density, pressure and temperature differences of the fluid can be used.
  • the fluid can be formed by air or contain air.
  • the method can be used simultaneously for both a single and a plurality of objects arranged in the housing.
  • the method can of course also be implemented with housings which have a plurality of gas inlet openings and / or a plurality of gas outlet openings. It can then be provided that individual gas inlet openings or gas outlet openings are closed for carrying out the method.
  • lines can of course also be connected to all gas inlet openings and gas outlet openings in order to conduct a cleaning and / or test fluid through the object or objects.
  • the object is cleaned with a cleaning fluid which is introduced into the housing through the gas outlet opening, after which the cleaning fluid passes the object in order to clean the object, after which the cleaning fluid is discharged from the housing through the gas inlet opening.
  • the fluid can contain the cleaning fluid or consist entirely of the cleaning fluid.
  • corresponding objects such as filters, in particular particle filters for diesel or gasoline-powered passenger cars, or catalytic converters can be cleaned in a particularly simple manner if a cleaning fluid is applied in exactly the opposite direction to the direction in which an exhaust gas strikes the corresponding object flows according to the intended operation of the same.
  • the cleaning fluid which then flows through the object opposite to a flow direction of the exhaust gas can loosen contaminants on the surface of the filter or convert them by means of chemical reactions and discharge them from the housing through the gas inlet opening, through which gas inlet opening, during normal operation, an exhaust gas into the Flows into the housing.
  • the object can thus remain in the housing during cleaning according to the invention.
  • the housing which usually consists of at least one metal, can in principle also be arranged in the exhaust tract of the motor vehicle. In this case, it is only necessary to ensure that what emerges from the gas inlet opening Cleaning fluid can escape.
  • the housing can of course also be removed from the vehicle together with the object or objects therein in order to clean the objects which are usually made of a ceramic or a metal and are often constructed in a honeycomb manner at a location remote from the vehicle.
  • the housing is removed from an exhaust tract of a machine with an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, prior to cleaning and / or testing, in which the housing or the objects or objects arranged in the housing for exhaust gas cleaning prior to cleaning and / or testing for exhaust gas cleaning was used.
  • the housing is usually removed from the machine or a motor vehicle, so that testing and / or cleaning can take place at a location remote from the motor vehicle.
  • the device for performing the method then does not have to be transported to the machine in which the housing for exhaust gas purification is arranged.
  • the housing is arranged during cleaning and / or testing in an exhaust tract of a machine with an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, in which the housing or the objects arranged in the housing prior to cleaning and / or testing for exhaust gas cleaning was used.
  • the cleaning and / or testing can then be carried out directly on the machine or directly on the motor vehicle, for example in a workshop or in a system, so that there is no need to disassemble the housing from the exhaust tract.
  • the cleaning and / or testing of the objects arranged in the housing, which were contaminated before cleaning during the exhaust gas cleaning in the exhaust tract of this machine, or the exhaust tract is achieved in a particularly simple manner.
  • a cleaning opening is provided in the exhaust gas line upstream of the first object to be cleaned and / or tested, or one is introduced, after which a line is connected to the cleaning opening of the exhaust line, and thus to the gas inlet opening of the housing, at least indirectly, while a second line is connected to the exhaust of the motor vehicle or another opening downstream of the housing in order to flow a test and / or To enable cleaning fluids through the object or objects, these being cleaned and / or checked in the method according to the invention.
  • the cleaning fluid can basically be designed in a wide variety of ways. It is favorable if the cleaning fluid contains air or consists of air in order to be able to implement the method in a particularly cost-effective manner.
  • the cleaning fluid is usually moved through the object or objects and can have different densities, pressures and / or temperatures during the passage of the object or objects due to a flow and / or a preparation in order to achieve an effective cleaning.
  • the cleaning fluid is exclusively gaseous. It has been shown that when cleaning corresponding objects with water, it is precisely those coatings that are essential for a function that are washed out or damaged. In particular, this relates to vanadium, iron-zeolite and copper-zeolite coatings, which would be damaged when the object was cleaned with water, so that catalytic reactivity after cleaning would not exist or would only exist to a very limited extent.
  • the cleaning fluid is dried before it is applied to the object. This causes damage to coatings reliably avoided. This also prevents a substrate of a filter or catalyst from absorbing moisture from the cleaning fluid.
  • the cleaning fluid contains a first fluid and a second fluid, the second fluid preferably being added to the first fluid via a solenoid valve before the cleaning fluid is directed into the object.
  • a solenoid valve for example, in addition to air, an additional fluid can be applied to the object for cleaning the same, which additional fluid contains, for example, components for the regeneration of a coating or the like of the object. It goes without saying that more than two different fluids can of course also be mixed in the cleaning fluid.
  • the cleaning fluid is usually applied to the object under an overpressure.
  • the cleaning fluid is thus pressed through the object to be cleaned, pressure waves being generated being used for cleaning.
  • the cleaning fluid is applied to the object under a pulse-changing pressure, for example at a pulse frequency of 0.01 Hz to 500 Hz, preferably 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
  • a fluid stream which is applied to the object is pulsed, that is to say that a pressure which changes at a high frequency over time acts on the cleaning fluid supplied to the object.
  • the cleaning fluid can thus be supplied to the object with different pressure and / or different volume flow.
  • a pulsation takes place in a supersonic area, so that pressure waves are passed through the object, which pressure waves release a loading of the object, in particular a filter loading with contaminations, from cells and discharge it from the object by means of the cleaning fluid flowing against an exhaust gas flow direction. It is preferably acted upon in such a way that pressure waves form in the object, which are reflected on and / or in the object, so that an overlay and Reflection of pressure waves leads to an increased effectiveness of cleaning and an improvement in the quality of the objects.
  • the cleaning fluid is applied to the object at supersonic speed. This makes it particularly easy to remove contamination. To this end, it may be sufficient if the cleaning fluid exceeds a speed of sound, at least locally and for a limited time, which in air at a temperature of 20 ° C. is approximately 343 m / s.
  • the cleaning fluid is brought to a defined temperature before the cleaning fluid is applied to the object.
  • This enables, for example, the triggering of defined chemical reactions, which can contribute to thermal cleaning of the object. Furthermore, this can cause physical reactions such as drying of moisture or liquid in the object, as well as widening of cracks, in order to be able to better recognize damage caused by widened cracks.
  • the cleaning fluid can be brought to a temperature of 100 ° C. to 900 ° C. in order to also thermally clean and / or dry the object when it flows through.
  • a hose or the like connected to a chamber under overpressure can be connected to the gas outlet opening of the housing, so that the cleaning fluid is applied to the entire surface of the gas outlet opening.
  • the cleaning fluid is applied by means of a probe inserted into the gas outlet opening.
  • the cleaning fluid only emerges from the probe within the housing, usually with a flow in the direction of an end face of the object.
  • the probe is cleaned both via the gas inlet opening and via the gas outlet opening, in order to clean different end faces of the object or end faces of different objects.
  • application of cleaning fluid in the exhaust gas flow direction can also be expedient, usually with one arranged upstream in the exhaust gas flow direction Catalyst.
  • An end face of a filter arranged downstream in the exhaust gas flow direction is usually cleaned with a cleaning fluid which is applied with the probe against the exhaust gas flow direction.
  • the probe has at least one, preferably several, nozzles in order to selectively apply cleaning fluid to individual parts of the object.
  • the nozzles can, for example, be arranged at one end of the probe and can be freely rotated or pivoted. This can be done, for example, via an electric drive, in particular, for a nozzle outlet opening.
  • the nozzles can be of any design.
  • the nozzles for applying the cleaning fluid are preferably designed at different speeds, in particular at supersonic speeds. It is expedient if the cleaning fluid exits the nozzles with a jet angle of 0 ° to 45 °, preferably 10 ° to 20 °, in order to be able to discharge contaminants particularly effectively.
  • the cleaning fluid can also be applied with peristaltic movements, in particular via a peristaltic robot, which is introduced into the housing via the gas outlet opening.
  • the peristaltic robot can then be moved to different coordinate positions in order to optimally clean a surface.
  • Another substance, which can change a state of the cleaning and / or testing fluid can be added to the fluid, which is usually in the form of a cleaning and / or testing fluid, in particular gaseous.
  • a cleaning and / or testing fluid in particular gaseous.
  • an energy increase can be brought about by an exothermic reaction in order to use thermal effects for cleaning, drying and chemical cleaning.
  • a pressure wave can be formed, which triggers an energy pulse that can be used for the cleaning and testing effect.
  • Such a change in state can be cyclical, in particular pulsating, or continuous.
  • the housing can be shaped in a variety of ways depending on a vehicle manufacturer, it is advantageous if the probe can be bent and rotated is trained. Curves in the housing between the object and the gas outlet opening can then also be passed with the probe in order to specifically clean the object.
  • a particularly efficient process can be achieved if a quality of the object is checked during cleaning or at fixed time intervals.
  • a quality of the object can be defined, for example, by the quality characteristics of the particle capture rate, catalytic reactivity, storage capacity of gases in the object or pressure loss over the object. It goes without saying that several forms of quality or several of the above-mentioned quality features can also be measured.
  • By checking the object in parallel to cleaning or after cleaning, in particular in a closed loop process it can be determined when the object has been cleaned sufficiently, so that further cleaning or quality improvement is no longer necessary and the method can be ended. If the object is damaged and cleaning does not lead to an improvement in quality, this can also be determined by checking the quality. In this case too, the cleaning can be ended if no further quality improvement can be achieved.
  • the object is preferably checked and cleaned alternately in order to be able to end the cleaning when a defined state of the object has been reached and / or despite further cleaning, no further quality improvement can be achieved or no further quality improvement is measured.
  • a test fluid is moved through the object in the exhaust gas flow direction or opposite to an exhaust gas flow direction, the quality of the object being based on a pressure difference between a pressure which the test fluid has at a position upstream of the object , and a pressure that the test fluid has at a position located downstream of the object is judged.
  • the quality of the object can be reliably assessed during cleaning. This can be done independently of cleaning the object or simultaneously with the cleaning.
  • a quality of the object is checked by moving a test fluid with a defined chemical composition through the object, wherein a quality of the object is assessed on the basis of chemical components of the test fluid at a position arranged downstream of the object.
  • a test fluid with a composition that corresponds to an exhaust gas with which the object is acted upon during intended operation can be selected in order to determine exhaust gas data that can be achieved with the object during real operation in a vehicle.
  • the test fluid which is usually gaseous and dry to avoid damage to the object, can contain, for example, propane gas, carbon monoxide, nitrogen monoxide, ammonia or the like.
  • a reduced or oxidized component of the test gas can then be measured at a position downstream of the object in order to infer a catalytic reactivity of the object or a storage behavior of the object with respect to one or more gas components.
  • the test fluid is usually supplied via the gas inlet opening and exits at the gas outlet opening after it has passed the object, so that the test fluid passes the object in the exhaust gas flow direction.
  • a test fluid usually designed as a test gas
  • appropriate sensors must of course be arranged at the gas inlet opening in order to assess the quality of the object on the basis of chemical reactions and temporal effects.
  • a quality of the object is checked by moving a test fluid with a defined particle load through the object, the quality of the object on the basis of a particle loading, in particular a particle mass or a number of particles, of the test gas at a position arranged downstream of the object and / or a degree of blackening of a filter. Quality then results from a difference between the particle loading of the test gas before and after passing the object.
  • a defined quantity of particles within a can be defined as the defined particle loading Volume or within a defined volume flow of the test fluid.
  • a particle size is usually also defined, which lies within predefined limits.
  • At least one catalytic converter and at least one particle filter are frequently provided, through which the exhaust gas flows in series, on the one hand to filter particles from the exhaust gas and on the other hand to reduce nitrogen oxides or to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxides.
  • a filter and a catalyst are often arranged in a single housing. It has been shown that such an exhaust gas aftertreatment system can be cleaned and / or tested in a particularly efficient manner if the fluid, which can be in the form of a cleaning fluid and / or a test fluid, is introduced into the housing via the gas outlet opening, in which the at least two gas-permeable objects suitable for exhaust gas purification are arranged, the fluid flowing through the objects serially.
  • the fluid thus usually enters the housing at the gas outlet opening, then flows through the object arranged downstream in the intended operation in the exhaust gas flow direction, after which the fluid flows through the object arranged upstream of the exhaust gas flow direction during the intended operation, after which the fluid exits the housing at the gas inlet opening, although a flow direction of the fluid can of course also take place in the exhaust gas flow direction in the case of a plurality of objects arranged in the housing. It is therefore preferably provided that at least two gas-permeable objects suitable for exhaust gas purification in a motor vehicle are arranged in the housing, the fluid flowing through the objects serially.
  • the objects are usually arranged at a distance from one another, so that a space remains between the objects.
  • the fluid is applied at high pressure, in particular with supersonic, preferably with a jet angle of 0 ° to 45 °, particularly preferably 10 ° to 20 °.
  • the fluid can also be applied at high speed and / or with a state which has a high gradient of a state, for example pressure over time.
  • the beam or a change in state, such as a pressure wave remains then even after passing a first object at least partially, so that cleaning of the downstream object with a kinetic energy of the jet or with a changing flow direction of the fluid, in particular the cleaning fluid, or with changing pressure waves is also possible.
  • a first object is designed as a catalyst and a second object, which is arranged downstream in an exhaust gas flow direction when used as intended, is designed as a particle filter or as a catalytically coated filter.
  • the further object is achieved according to the invention by a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which has two lines which can be connected to the gas inlet opening of the housing on the one hand and the gas outlet opening of the housing on the other hand, the device being designed such that when a line with the gas inlet opening of a Housing and the further line are connected to the gas outlet opening of this housing, a fluid can be moved through the housing with the device in order to check and / or clean the object arranged in the housing.
  • the device is preferably designed to carry out a method according to the invention.
  • the lines can be tightly connected to the gas inlet opening and the gas outlet opening, so that a fluid introduced into the housing via the lines is largely moved through the object and does not exit the housing without passing through the object.
  • the device is designed to introduce a fluid designed as a cleaning fluid into the gas outlet opening and to receive contaminated cleaning fluid emerging from the gas inlet opening of the housing connected to the device.
  • the device for producing a tight connection of a line which is connected to a compressor and / or a device for generating a speed, a pressure and / or a temperature in the cleaning fluid and / or a space in which an overpressure is present with the device can be generated, is formed with a gas outlet opening of the housing in order to be able to introduce fluid into the housing without loss. If the cleaning fluid is applied via a probe inserted into the housing, one is Tightness of a connection of the line to the gas outlet opening is not absolutely necessary, although an essentially tight connection is preferred here as well.
  • the soiled cleaning fluid is filtered after cleaning the object to be cleaned, with dirt and pollutants being separated and collected.
  • the device can also be designed to apply a fluid designed as a test gas to the gas inlet opening or the gas outlet opening and to analyze the test gas which has passed the object in or against one direction, in which direction an exhaust gas passes the object in a motor vehicle during normal operation .
  • corresponding lines can usually also be connected tightly to the gas inlet opening and the gas outlet opening.
  • the device advantageously has at least one, preferably a plurality of sensors, with which a chemical composition and / or a pressure and / or a particle loading, in particular a particle mass, a number of particles of a fluid entering and exiting the housing. a size distribution of particles and / or a change in the spectrum of a radiating medium can be measured in order to be able to assess the quality of the object.
  • the method is preferably carried out fully automatically. It is therefore favorable if the device is designed for the automated assessment of a quality of the object based on measured values.
  • Fig. 1 shows a housing 1, in which, as is customary in motor vehicles, two objects for exhaust gas purification are arranged, through which exhaust gas flows through along an exhaust gas flow direction 6 during normal operation in a motor vehicle.
  • a first object is designed as a catalyst 2, usually as a diesel oxidation catalyst.
  • a second object, which is arranged downstream of the catalytic converter 2 in the exhaust gas flow direction 6, is designed as a filter 3, usually as a ceramic, coated particle filter.
  • the catalyst 2 and the filter 3 are firmly positioned in the housing 1, so that cleaning of these objects outside the housing 1 would only be possible by destroying the housing 1.
  • these objects can also be cleaned without destroying the housing 1, namely by introducing a cleaning fluid into the housing 1 via a gas outlet opening 5 of the housing 1, after which the cleaning fluid flows through the objects in the opposite direction to the exhaust gas flow direction 6 along a cleaning fluid flow direction 8, after which the cleaning fluid exits the housing 1 at the gas inlet opening 4.
  • the cleaning fluid can consist of one or more components.
  • a medium can also be contained in the cleaning fluid, which causes an increase in energy in the form of a pressure wave or an increase in temperature through a chemical reaction.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further housing 1 with objects arranged therein for exhaust gas purification.
  • This housing 1 is of multi-flow design, with catalysts 2 and filters 3 again in each case along two possible flow paths 7 of an exhaust gas are provided, which are connected in series in the respective flow path 7.
  • Filters 3 and catalysts 2 arranged in such a housing 1 can also be cleaned with a method according to the invention without removing the objects from the housing 1.
  • a cleaning fluid can be introduced into the housing 1 via the gas outlet opening 5, which then flows through the objects and thereby cleans them, after which the cleaning fluid then usually loaded with ash emerges from the object at the gas inlet opening 4.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a device according to the invention for cleaning an object arranged in a housing 1 together with a housing 1 connected to the device with objects to be cleaned.
  • the device has a compressor 9 for compressing supplied air, which is then fed to an air reservoir 10.
  • the air is stored in the air reservoir 10 under an overpressure in order to be able to supply the process continuously.
  • a heater 11 is provided in the air reservoir 10 in order to be able to bring the air to a desired temperature if required. Thermal cleaning of the objects can also be carried out in a simple manner.
  • An air filter 12 is positioned downstream of the air reservoir 10 in order to filter out impurities 21 in the air before the air is introduced into the housing 1 in order to clean the objects.
  • the air filter 12 is followed by a drying device 13 to dry any moisture from the air, so that damage to coatings on the objects can be avoided in a simple manner.
  • a further secondary fluid supply line 15 is provided, via which a secondary fluid can be supplied in order, for example, to improve a cleaning or testing effect of the fluid supplied to the housing 1.
  • a supply of the secondary fluid can be controlled via a solenoid valve 14.
  • the cleaning fluid is thus formed here by a mixture of air and the secondary fluid, although the cleaning fluid can of course only consist of air or another fluid, in particular a gas.
  • Another main flow solenoid valve 16 is provided to control a fluid flow of the cleaning fluid.
  • the cleaning fluid can by means of Main flow solenoid valve 16 can also be applied in a pulsed manner, for example, to the gas outlet opening 5 of the housing 1 in order to specifically generate pressure waves in the housing 1.
  • a pipe of the device is detachably and tightly connected to the gas outlet opening 5 of the housing 1, so that an escape of cleaning fluid into the environment is avoided.
  • the cleaning fluid After the cleaning fluid has entered the gas outlet opening 5 of the housing 1, the cleaning fluid first passes through the filter 3, after which the cleaning fluid passes the catalyst 2 in the housing 1, after which the cleaning fluid exits the housing 1 at the gas inlet opening 4.
  • the then contaminated fluid or cleaning fluid enters the device again via a further line 17, which is detachably and tightly connected to the gas inlet opening 4 of the housing 1, after which the contaminated cleaning fluid is guided into an exhaust air line 18 by means of a suction blower 20.
  • the cleaning fluid is passed through an exhaust air filter system 19 in order to clean it, so that the cleaned cleaning fluid can emerge from the device or can be used for renewed cleaning.
  • chemical washers, filter systems or activated carbon or flares for burning off pollutants can be provided for cleaning the cleaning fluid.
  • Contaminants 21 collected in the exhaust air filter system 19 and discharged from the objects can then be disposed of.
  • the cleaning fluid is conducted through the housing 1 against the exhaust gas flow direction 6 in order to carry out the method.
  • the cleaning fluid can also be designed for the regeneration of coatings of the filter 3 or the catalyst 2 in order to improve a catalytic effect of the exhaust gas components and / or a storage behavior of ammonia, by removing mechanical covers from the catalytic centers and by removing poisoning from inorganic compounds such as sulfur or phosphorus. Furthermore, inner pores can be opened, so that the inner catalytic surface is enlarged. Furthermore, reaction products and polymers of an ad blue can be removed from a surface of the objects suitable for exhaust gas purification using a heated cleaning fluid. In addition, soot and oily deposits on the inside of metallic parts of the housing 1 are also removed.
  • Fig. 4 shows a pressure curve 22 of the cleaning fluid at the gas outlet opening 5.
  • the pressure curve 22 has several pulses or changes from a lower to a higher pressure level, a change taking place very quickly, so that steep flanks are reached. This makes it possible to achieve supersonic impacts in the cleaning fluid in order to clean the objects particularly effectively. In particular, this enables rapid changes in the condition of the cleaning or test fluid to achieve chemical and physical effects in order to improve the quality of the component to be cleaned.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a further device according to the invention, which is designed to test an object arranged in an exhaust tract of a motor vehicle.
  • a fluid designed as a test fluid is used for this purpose by means of a usually regulated compressor 23 with a defined positive pressure via a test fluid filter 24, a drying device 13 and a line 17 designed as a test fluid supply line 25, which is tightly connected to the gas inlet opening 4, via the gas inlet opening 4 into the housing 1 and the object or objects to be tested.
  • the test fluid can have, for example, a defined chemical composition, a defined pressure and / or a defined particle loading.
  • a plurality of secondary lines 29 are connected to the test fluid supply line 25 and are connected via solenoid valves 14 to supply containers 27 in which additional media 26 are located for the test.
  • additional media 26 can thus be added to the test fluid in order, for example, to be able to assess a chemical reaction of the object to one or more of the additional media 26.
  • the additional media 26 can be solid, liquid or gaseous and for cooling, heating or initiation of chemical or physical reactions in the object or in the exhaust system.
  • test fluid then flows through the objects suitable for exhaust gas cleaning in the housing 1 in the exhaust gas flow direction 6, in which exhaust gas flows through the housing 1 during normal operation, after which the test fluid exits the housing 1 at the gas outlet opening 5.
  • Chemical components in the test fluid, a pressure and a particle loading can be measured via sensors 31 arranged at or connected to the gas outlet opening 5 in order to assess the quality of the object.
  • a further line 17, designed as a test fluid discharge line 30, can be provided, which is tightly connected to the gas outlet opening 5 and to which corresponding sensors 31 are connected for quality assessment of the object.
  • a suction fan is provided here in the test fluid discharge line 30.
  • All units and sensors 31 are usually connected to a control device 28 in order to carry out the method in a fully automated manner and to be able to automatically assess and / or classify the quality of the objects in an automated manner, although of course manual or partially automated operation is also possible.
  • the device can be used to produce a pressure loss via the exhaust gas aftertreatment system which is arranged in the housing 1, a catalytic reactivity which can be achieved with the latter, and a statement about mechanical damage to the objects arranged in the housing 1.
  • corresponding sensors 31, such as pressure sensors, gas sensors and, if appropriate, optical sensors 31 and / or particle sensors are usually arranged in the test fluid feed line 25 and / or the test fluid drain line 30 or connected to them.
  • the test fluid can also be moved through the housing 1 in the direction opposite to the exhaust gas flow direction 6.
  • the cleaning process can then be ended automatically depending on a cleaning success or a quality improvement achieved.
  • This changing cleaning and testing can be used for process control in the form of a closed control loop in order to achieve a specific result to be achieved or a desired degree of cleaning. Cleaning is usually only terminated after one or more termination criteria have been met and is therefore independent of time. If required, fixed process times can also be set and different cleaning results can be achieved within certain intervention limits.
  • Fig. 6 shows an apparatus for performing a method according to the invention in an overview for a compact system for quality improvement of exhaust gas components.
  • the device has an overpressure unit 32, which contains the compressor 9 and the air reservoir 10 as well as a solenoid valve 14.
  • the overpressure unit 32 is tightly connected via a line 17 to the gas outlet opening 5 of the housing 1 removed from the exhaust tract of a motor vehicle or another machine with an internal combustion engine, in which a filter 3 and a catalytic converter 2 are arranged.
  • a vacuum unit 33 is provided, which contains the suction fan 20 and the exhaust air filter system 19.
  • the vacuum unit 33 is tightly connected to the gas inlet opening 4 via a further line 17 in order to clean the cleaning fluid emerging and contaminated from the housing 1 and to collect impurities 21 so that they can be disposed of.
  • the device is designed to be movable, so that it can be used very easily, for example, in workshops for cleaning exhaust gas cleaning systems.
  • impurities 21 in the objects arranged in the housing 1 can be removed particularly effectively.
  • the lines 17 can also be used as a test fluid supply line 25 and test fluid discharge line 30 in order to test the objects arranged in the housing 1.
  • Fig. 7 shows a probe 36 for carrying out a method according to the invention, which can be introduced into the housing 1 at the gas outlet opening 5 in order to specifically clean individual positions of the object.
  • the cleaning fluid can be sprayed with a small jet angle 35 of 1 ° to 45 °, preferably 10 ° to 15 °, and supersonic speed and optionally applied in a pulsed manner to individual partial areas of the object in order to clean them in a targeted manner.
  • the nozzles 34 are usually pivotable.
  • a camera or the like can be provided in order to easily identify heavily contaminated areas and to clean them in a targeted manner with the probe 36.
  • the probe 36 can be moved in different spatial directions.
  • the probe 36 can usually be moved translationally in three spatial directions arranged perpendicular to one another and rotatably about three spatial axes arranged perpendicular to one another.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically a cleaning of a catalytic converter 2 and a filter 3 designed as a particle filter in a method according to the invention with a nozzle 34, which for example on a probe 36 according to Fig. 7 can be arranged, wherein cleaning fluid is applied selectively with a jet 37 with a small jet angle 35 to channels 38 of the particle filter.
  • the shape of the jet 37 is still clearly recognizable even after passing through the filter 3 or the channels 38, so that the catalyst 2 is also acted upon by the jet 37 or a kinetic energy thereof and the cleaning fluid, usually air, and is therefore particularly effective can be cleaned.
  • the catalyst 2 and the filter 3 are arranged in a housing 1 (not shown) and the cleaning fluid flows through them serially, so that both objects can be cleaned at the same time.
  • Fig. 9 shows a further housing 1 together with objects for exhaust gas purification in a schematic representation, with which the inventive method can be implemented.
  • this housing 1 also has a gas inlet openings 4 and a gas outlet opening 5, via which an exhaust gas usually flows through the housing 1 during normal operation.
  • a catalytic converter 2 which is followed by two particle filters, so that during operation, exhaust gas enters the housing 1 via a gas inlet opening 4, after which it first passes the catalyst 2 along a flow path 7 in the exhaust gas flow direction 6, after which the exhaust gas passes through the two Filter 3 passes serially, after which the exhaust gas exits the housing 1 via the gas outlet opening 5.
  • An additional opening 39 is arranged between the catalytic converter 2 and the particle filters, via which means 40 for selective catalytic reaction during operation can be introduced into the housing 1, in particular urea or so-called AdBlue.
  • Exhaust gas could also be supplied to the housing 1 via this opening 39 in order to clean it, which is why this opening 39 is also to be regarded as a gas inlet opening 4 or gas outlet opening 5 in the sense of the invention.
  • the additional opening 39 can thus be used both for introducing cleaning and / or test fluid and for discharging a cleaning and / or test fluid introduced into the housing 1 via the gas inlet opening 4 or the gas outlet opening 5.
  • the Fig. 9 The housing 1 shown is cleaned and / or checked by closing the additional opening 39, after which a cleaning and / or test fluid is introduced into the housing 1 via the gas outlet opening 5, which subsequently subsequently filters the two filters 3 serially opposite to the exhaust gas flow direction 6 happens, after which the cleaning and / or test fluid passes the catalyst 2, after which the cleaning and / or test fluid is discharged from the housing 1 at the gas inlet opening 4.
  • suitable objects such as filters 3 or catalysts 2 can be cleaned for exhaust gas purification without these having to be removed from a housing 1.
  • a corresponding method can be carried out much more efficiently than methods of the prior art, in which the objects are removed from the housing 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
EP18199719.8A 2018-10-10 2018-10-10 Procédé de nettoyage et / ou de contrôle d'un objet perméable au gaz, approprié au nettoyage des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne ainsi que dispositif correspondant Withdrawn EP3636889A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18199719.8A EP3636889A1 (fr) 2018-10-10 2018-10-10 Procédé de nettoyage et / ou de contrôle d'un objet perméable au gaz, approprié au nettoyage des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne ainsi que dispositif correspondant
PCT/EP2019/077478 WO2020074643A1 (fr) 2018-10-10 2019-10-10 Épuration et/ou essai d'un article perméable aux gaz destiné à être utilisé dans le traitement des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18199719.8A EP3636889A1 (fr) 2018-10-10 2018-10-10 Procédé de nettoyage et / ou de contrôle d'un objet perméable au gaz, approprié au nettoyage des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne ainsi que dispositif correspondant

Publications (1)

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EP3636889A1 true EP3636889A1 (fr) 2020-04-15

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EP18199719.8A Withdrawn EP3636889A1 (fr) 2018-10-10 2018-10-10 Procédé de nettoyage et / ou de contrôle d'un objet perméable au gaz, approprié au nettoyage des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne ainsi que dispositif correspondant

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EP (1) EP3636889A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020074643A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0220588A2 (fr) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-06 FEV Forschungsgesellschaft für Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren mbH Procédé d'oxydation de la suie accumulée dans les filtres de suie
DE3709671A1 (de) * 1987-03-24 1988-10-06 Man Technologie Gmbh Partikelfilter
WO1991000769A1 (fr) * 1989-07-12 1991-01-24 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Appareil et procede de separation de matiere particulaire des gaz a temperature elevee
DE4306284A1 (fr) * 1992-03-05 1993-09-09 Minoru Inaba
EP0816646A1 (fr) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-07 Ibiden Co, Ltd. Dispositif de commande d'émissions d'échappement du type à régénération par lavage à contre-courant et méthode pour le régénérer
EP0930422A1 (fr) * 1998-01-13 1999-07-21 Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials Système de piège à particules à filtre à contre-courant ayant un filtre en fibres métalliques
WO2011142718A1 (fr) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-17 Stockforsa Invest Ab Procédé de nettoyage de filtres à particules
DE102010042035A1 (de) * 2010-10-06 2012-04-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Ascheabreinigung von Partikelfiltern
EP2554808A1 (fr) * 2010-03-26 2013-02-06 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Procédé et dispositif permettant de nettoyer un filtre pour éliminer de la matière particulaire
US20130298771A1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-14 Daimler Ag Method and Cleaning Device for Cleaning and Checking a Particle Filter

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0220588A2 (fr) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-06 FEV Forschungsgesellschaft für Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren mbH Procédé d'oxydation de la suie accumulée dans les filtres de suie
DE3709671A1 (de) * 1987-03-24 1988-10-06 Man Technologie Gmbh Partikelfilter
WO1991000769A1 (fr) * 1989-07-12 1991-01-24 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Appareil et procede de separation de matiere particulaire des gaz a temperature elevee
DE4306284A1 (fr) * 1992-03-05 1993-09-09 Minoru Inaba
EP0816646A1 (fr) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-07 Ibiden Co, Ltd. Dispositif de commande d'émissions d'échappement du type à régénération par lavage à contre-courant et méthode pour le régénérer
EP0930422A1 (fr) * 1998-01-13 1999-07-21 Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials Système de piège à particules à filtre à contre-courant ayant un filtre en fibres métalliques
EP2554808A1 (fr) * 2010-03-26 2013-02-06 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Procédé et dispositif permettant de nettoyer un filtre pour éliminer de la matière particulaire
WO2011142718A1 (fr) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-17 Stockforsa Invest Ab Procédé de nettoyage de filtres à particules
DE102010042035A1 (de) * 2010-10-06 2012-04-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Ascheabreinigung von Partikelfiltern
US20130298771A1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-14 Daimler Ag Method and Cleaning Device for Cleaning and Checking a Particle Filter

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