EP3633291A1 - Verfahren und steuerung zum signalisieren von vereisung in einer heizungs-, lüftungs- oder klimaanlage - Google Patents

Verfahren und steuerung zum signalisieren von vereisung in einer heizungs-, lüftungs- oder klimaanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3633291A1
EP3633291A1 EP19174655.1A EP19174655A EP3633291A1 EP 3633291 A1 EP3633291 A1 EP 3633291A1 EP 19174655 A EP19174655 A EP 19174655A EP 3633291 A1 EP3633291 A1 EP 3633291A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measure
sensor
icing
appliance
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19174655.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3633291B1 (de
Inventor
Emmanuel Val
Babak Mohajer Ashjaei
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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Publication of EP3633291A1 publication Critical patent/EP3633291A1/de
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Publication of EP3633291B1 publication Critical patent/EP3633291B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/02—Detecting the presence of frost or condensate
    • F25D21/025—Detecting the presence of frost or condensate using air pressure differential detectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/17—Speeds
    • F25B2700/173—Speeds of the evaporator fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/006—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing frost
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/045—Air flow control arrangements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to control of installations for heating, ventilation, and/or air-conditioning. More particularly, the present disclosure focuses on de-icing of such installations and on inhibition of clogging caused by a build-up of ice.
  • Installations for heating, ventilation, and/or air-conditioning frequently comprise air handling units and/or heat recovery units. These units may be arranged in the inlet ducts as well as in the outlet ducts of such installations.
  • a sensor may be connected to record a pressure drop across an air-handling unit and/or across a heat recovery unit. An excessive value of pressure drop across an air-handling unit or across a heat recovery unit may suggest build-up of ice inside the respective unit.
  • a temperature probe can be arranged upstream of the air handling unit and/or upstream of the heat recovery unit. A signal obtained from the temperature probe may thus indicate an imminent risk.
  • US4,416,323 discloses a heat exchanger 10 with an inlet 11 and with an outlet 15. A plurality of tubes 13 is situated inside the heat exchanger 10 and air is drawn over the tubes 13 by fans 16. The specification discloses that the tubes 13 may contain a fluid such as water.
  • the heat exchanger 10 also comprises a plurality of thermocouples 19, 20.
  • Leads 22 connect the thermocouples 19, 20 to a scanner 23.
  • the scanner 23 monitors temperatures recorded by the thermocouples 19, 20. Whenever a temperature below 10 degrees centigrade is observed, a visible or an audible alarm may be triggered. Also, flow of air over the tubes 13 may be reduced.
  • US3,319,657 also discloses relief plugs in the bends of a serpentine heat exchange coil.
  • the relief plug comprises a plug body 60 holding a disc 64.
  • the disc 64 In the event of freezing, the disc 64 is forced out of the plug body 60 thereby allowing a solid such as ice inside the heat exchange coil to expand. Whilst freezing causes no damage to the heat exchange coil itself, the relief plug may require replacement.
  • US2008/307803A1 was published as a patent application on 18 December 2008.
  • the patent application US2008/307803A1 has an application No 11/811,690 .
  • the application was filed on 12 June 2007.
  • US2008/307803A1 teaches humidity control and air conditioning.
  • the present disclosure inhibits build-up of ice and/or clogging inside heat exchangers such as air handling units and/or heat recovery units.
  • the instant disclosure confers advantages in terms of energy savings and reduces failures of heat exchangers.
  • the instant disclosure teaches a method for indicating and/or signaling icing in a structure and, in particular, in a circuit of the structure.
  • the circuit preferably is a circuit for heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning.
  • a quantity such as (differential) pressure, temperature, air density, fan curves etc. may be employed to indicate icing.
  • inference from a single measured quantity may, however, prove unreliable.
  • a differential signal is advantageously obtained from a sensor that connects to the upstream side as well as to the downstream side of a piece of equipment. In other words, the sensor records a differential signal across the piece of equipment.
  • Use of a time derivative accommodates not only for a change in a measured value, but also for its rate of change.
  • the senor comprises a temperature sensor such as a PT100 probe or a thermocouple.
  • a signal indicative of icing can then be produced based on an adjusted value.
  • a preheater in a circuit of the structure is activated.
  • the preheater upon activation (electrically) heats a fluid in order to inhibit icing.
  • the computer program may, in particular, be stored in an isolated image.
  • the computer program may be executed using operating-system-level virtualization.
  • the controller may be a building (management) controller or a controller for heating, ventilation and/or air conditioning.
  • Use of an icing curve allows inference on icing when the problem becomes multi-dimensional. That is, an indication of icing can be produced based on a plurality of contributing factors.
  • the system may, in particular, be a heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning system.
  • FIG 1 shows a structure 1 such as structure 1 comprising a building 2.
  • the building 2 may, by way of non-limiting example, comprise and/or be a residential and/or commercial and/or industrial building.
  • the structure 1 provides an exhaust duct 3.
  • the exhaust duct 3 is an exhaust conduit.
  • the structure 1 also provides an intake duct 4.
  • the intake duct 4 is a intake conduit 4.
  • the exhaust duct 3 preferably comprises a first exhaust portion inside the building 2 and a second exhaust portion outside the building 2.
  • the intake duct 4 preferably comprises a first intake portion inside the building 2 and a second intake portion outside the building 2.
  • a heat exchanger 5 transfers energy between the exhaust duct 3 and the intake duct 4.
  • the exhaust duct 3 and the inlet duct 4 each comprise a portion that is coupled to the heat exchanger. That way, energy can be transferred from the coupled portion of the exhaust duct 3 to the coupled portion of the intake duct 4.
  • energy can be transferred from the coupled portion of the intake duct 4 to the coupled portion of the exhaust duct 3.
  • the heat exchanger 5 couples the intake duct 4 to the exhaust duct 3 and vice versa.
  • transfer of energy is exchange of heat.
  • the heat exchanger 5 is or comprises an air handling unit. In another embodiment, the heat exchanger 5 is or comprises a heat recovery unit. In yet another embodiment, the heat exchanger 5 is or comprises a coil.
  • a fluid conveyor 6 conveys a fluid such as air through the exhaust duct 3.
  • Fluid conveyor 6 may, by way of non-limiting example, be a variable speed fan or an adjustable damper together with a constant speed fan or a variable speed fan together with an adjustable damper. It is envisaged that the rotational speed of a variable speed fan of the fluid conveyor 6 is set by a pulse-width modulated signal. It is also envisaged that the rotational speed of a variable speed fan of the fluid conveyor 6 is set by an inverter. It is further envisaged that the position of a damper of the fluid conveyor 6 is set by a pulse-width modulated signal. It is still further envisaged that the position of a damper of the fluid conveyor 6 is set by an inverter.
  • a fluid conveyor 7 conveys a fluid such as air through the intake duct 4.
  • Fluid conveyor 7 may, by way of non-limiting example, be a variable speed fan or an adjustable damper together with a constant speed fan or a variable speed fan together with an adjustable damper. It is envisaged that the rotational speed of a variable speed fan of the fluid conveyor 7 is set by a pulse-width modulated signal. It is also envisaged that the rotational speed of a variable speed fan of the fluid conveyor 7 is set by an inverter. It is further envisaged that the position of a damper of the fluid conveyor 7 is set by a pulse-width modulated signal. It is still further envisaged that the position of a damper of the fluid conveyor 7 is set by an inverter.
  • a sensor 8 can be provided to record signals related to a fluid inside exhaust duct 3.
  • a first port connects the sensor 8 to a portion of exhaust duct 3 that is upstream of fluid conveyor 6.
  • a second port connects the sensor 8 to a portion of exhaust duct 3 that is downstream of fluid conveyor 6.
  • the sensor 8 preferably comprises a pressure sensor, in particular a differential pressure sensor.
  • a differential pressure sensor 8 records a differential pressure across fluid conveyor 6. It is envisaged that the differential pressure sensor 8 comprises a diaphragm-beam type sensor element.
  • a sensor 9 can be provided to record signals related to a fluid inside intake duct 4.
  • a first port connects the sensor 9 to a portion of intake duct 4 that is upstream of fluid conveyor 7.
  • a second port connects the sensor 9 to a portion of intake duct 4 that is downstream of fluid conveyor 7.
  • the sensor 9 preferably comprises a pressure sensor, in particular a differential pressure sensor.
  • a differential pressure sensor 9 records a differential pressure across fluid conveyor 7. It is envisaged that the differential pressure sensor 9 comprises a diaphragm-beam type sensor element.
  • An exhaust filter 10 is optionally comprised and/or arranged in the exhaust duct 3.
  • the filter 10 may, by way of non-limiting example, remove particles larger than or equal to 10 micrometers in size.
  • the exhaust filter 10 may, by way of another non-limiting example, remove particles larger than or equal to 2.5 micrometers in size.
  • the exhaust filter 10 may, by way of yet another non-limiting example, remove particles larger than or equal to 1 micrometer in size. It is also envisaged that the filter 10 reduces percentages of volatile organic compounds.
  • An intake filter 11 is optionally comprised and/or arranged in the intake duct 4.
  • the filter 11 may, by way of non-limiting example, remove particles larger than or equal to 10 micrometers in size.
  • the intake filter 11 may, by way of another non-limiting example, remove particles larger than or equal to 2.5 micrometers in size.
  • the intake filter 11 may, by way of yet another non-limiting example, remove particles larger than or equal to 1 micrometer in size. It is also envisaged that the filter 11 reduces percentages of volatile organic compounds.
  • a sensor 12 can be provided to record signals related to a fluid inside exhaust duct 3.
  • a first port connects the sensor 12 to a portion of exhaust duct 3 that is upstream of filter 10.
  • a second port connects the sensor 12 to a portion of exhaust duct 3 that is downstream of filter 10.
  • the sensor 12 preferably comprises a pressure sensor, in particular a differential pressure sensor.
  • a differential pressure sensor 12 records a differential pressure across filter 10. It is envisaged that the differential pressure sensor 12 comprises a diaphragm-beam type sensor element.
  • a sensor 13 can be provided to record signals related to a fluid inside intake duct 4.
  • a first port connects the sensor 13 to a portion of intake duct 4 that is upstream of filter 11.
  • a second port connects the sensor 13 to a portion of intake duct 4 that is downstream of filter 11.
  • the sensor 13 preferably comprises a pressure sensor, in particular a differential pressure sensor.
  • a differential pressure sensor 13 records a differential pressure across filter 11. It is envisaged that the differential pressure sensor 13 comprises a diaphragm-beam type sensor element.
  • a preheater 14 such as an air preheater is optionally comprised and/or arranged in the intake duct 4.
  • the preheater 14 is preferably arranged upstream of the heat exchanger 5. That way, the preheater 14 can heat a fluid entering the heat-exchanger 5 via the intake duct 4 to a temperature above a predetermined threshold.
  • the predetermined threshold may, by way of non-limiting example, be 273 Kelvin or 275 Kelvin or 283 Kelvin.
  • the skilled person chooses temperatures of fluids entering the heat exchanger 5 such as to inhibit icing and/or clogging.
  • the preheater 14 comprises an electric preheater.
  • the preheater 14 can, in particular, comprise a heat pump.
  • the preheater 14 comprises a gas-fired preheater.
  • the preheater 14 comprises an oil-fired preheater.
  • a sensor 15 can be arranged upstream of preheater 14.
  • the sensor 15 comprises a thermometer such as a thermocouple and/or a PT100 sensor.
  • the sensor 15 may as well comprise a temperature switch.
  • a temperature switch 15 produces a signal in response to a temperature drop below a predetermined threshold or in response to a temperature rise above a predetermined threshold.
  • the temperature sensor 15 in combination with preheater 14 enables a control loop. Accordingly, temperatures of fluids entering the heat exchanger 5 can be kept above a predetermined threshold.
  • sensor 15 comprises a pressure sensor and/or a moisture sensor and/or a sensor for volatile organic compounds and/or a sensor for particular matter, in particular for particulate matter 10 micrometers or 2.5 micrometers or 1 micrometer in size.
  • sensor 15 may comprise a density sensor.
  • a sensor 16 can be arranged downstream of preheater 14.
  • the sensor 16 comprises a thermometer such as a thermocouple and/or a PT100 sensor.
  • the sensor 16 may as well comprise a temperature switch.
  • a temperature switch 16 produces a signal in response to a temperature drop below a predetermined threshold or in response to a temperature rise above a predetermined threshold.
  • the temperature sensor 16 in combination with preheater 14 and/or in combination with the upstream sensor 15 enables a control loop. Accordingly, temperatures of fluids entering the heat exchanger 5 can be kept above a predetermined threshold.
  • sensor 16 comprises a pressure sensor and/or a moisture sensor and/or a sensor for volatile organic compounds and/or a sensor for particular matter, in particular for particulate matter 10 micrometers or 2.5 micrometers or 1 micrometer in size.
  • sensor 16 may comprise a density sensor.
  • Intake duct 4 comprises an outlet port.
  • a fluid flowing through intake duct 4 enters a structure such as a commercial, industrial and/or residential building at the outlet of intake duct 4.
  • a sensor 17 is arranged at or near or adjacent the outlet port of intake duct 4.
  • the sensor 17 preferably comprises a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple and/or a PT100 sensor.
  • the sensor 17 may also comprise a temperature switch.
  • a temperature switch 17 produces a signal in response to a temperature drop below a predetermined threshold or in response to a temperature rise above a predetermined threshold.
  • the temperature sensor 17 in combination with the heat exchanger 5 and/or in combination with the preheater 14 enables a control loop. Accordingly, temperatures of fluids entering the commercial, residential and/or industrial building 2 can be kept above or below a predetermined threshold.
  • sensor 17 comprises a pressure sensor and/or a moisture sensor and/or a sensor for volatile organic compounds and/or a sensor for particular matter, in particular for particulate matter 10 micrometers or 2.5 micrometers or 1 micrometer in size.
  • sensor 17 may comprise a density sensor.
  • the sensor 17 is preferably arranged less than 500 mm, in particular less than 100 mm or less than 50 mm from the outlet port of intake duct 4.
  • An exhaust sensor 18 can be arranged in and/or be comprised in exhaust duct 3.
  • the sensor 18 is advantageously arranged upstream of the heat exchanger 5.
  • the sensor 18 comprises a thermometer such as a thermocouple and/or a PT100 sensor.
  • the sensor 18 may as well comprise a temperature switch.
  • a temperature switch 18 produces a signal in response to a temperature drop below a predetermined threshold or in response to a temperature rise above a predetermined threshold.
  • An additional exhaust sensor 19 can be arranged in and/or be comprised in exhaust duct 3.
  • the sensor 19 is advantageously arranged downstream of the heat exchanger 5.
  • the sensor 19 comprises a thermometer such as a thermocouple and/or a PT100 sensor.
  • the sensor 19 may as well comprise a temperature switch.
  • a temperature switch 19 produces a signal in response to a temperature drop below a predetermined threshold or in response to a temperature rise above a predetermined threshold.
  • the exhaust sensors upstream 18 and downstream 19 of heat exchanger 5 allow determination of a temperature drop in the exhaust duct 5 across heat exchanger 5. Accordingly, measured values enabling control of the heating power and or of the cooling power of heat exchanger 5 become available.
  • exhaust sensor 18 comprises a pressure sensor and/or a moisture sensor and/or a sensor for volatile organic compounds and/or a sensor for particular matter, in particular for particulate matter 10 micrometers or 2.5 micrometers or 1 micrometer in size.
  • sensor 18 may comprise a density sensor.
  • exhaust sensor 19 comprises a pressure sensor and/or a moisture sensor and/or a sensor for volatile organic compounds and/or a sensor for particular matter, in particular for particulate matter 10 micrometers or 2.5 micrometers or 1 micrometer in size.
  • sensor 19 may comprise a density sensor.
  • a controller 20 is shown with a memory 22 and with a processor 21.
  • the processor 21 is a microcontroller or a microprocessor.
  • the memory 22 is a non-volatile memory, preferably also a non-transitory memory.
  • the processor 21 is coupled to the memory 22 such that the processor 21 may read data from the memory 22. Ideally, the processor 21 may also write data to the memory 22.
  • the controller 20 is coupled to the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19. That is, the controller 20 may read data from the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19. Ideally, the controller 20 may also transmit data such as request packages to the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19.
  • the skilled person chooses a suitable unidirectional or bidirectional interface for communication between the controller 20 and the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19.
  • the controller 20 communicates with the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19 via a bus. Communication via the bus may be compatible with a predetermined communication bus protocol. In a particular embodiment, the controller 20 communicates with the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19 via a Power-over-Ethernet bus as specified under IEEE 802.3af-2003.
  • a Power-over-Ethernet bus advantageously combines signal transmission and power supply.
  • the processor 21 is coupled to the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19. That is, the processor 21 may read data from the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19. Ideally, the processor 21 may also transmit data such as request packages to the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19. The skilled person chooses a suitable unidirectional or bidirectional interface for communication between the processor 21 and the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19.
  • the processor 21 communicates with the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19 via a bus. Communication via the bus may be compatible with a predetermined communication bus protocol. In a particular embodiment, the processor 21 communicates with the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19 via a Power-over-Ethernet bus as specified under IEEE 802.3af-2003. A Power-over-Ethernet bus advantageously combines signal transmission and power supply. In other embodiments, the processor 21 communicates with the sensors 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19 via busses and/or using protocols such as KNX, ModBUS, BACNET.
  • a characteristic curve 23 such as an icing curve or a fan curve is depicted. It is envisaged that the characteristic curve 23 may be a graphical curve as well as a curve represented by a mathematical relationship.
  • An icing curve 23 comprises a domain 24 indicative of icing.
  • the icing curve 23 as shown on FIG 3 is two-dimensional with a horizontal axis 25 and a vertical axis 26.
  • the curve 23 has one measure such as pressure drop or fluid density plotted versus another measure such as the speed of a fan.
  • the icing curve 23 may have more than two dimensions.
  • the icing curve may, in particular, have more than three or even more than five dimensions.
  • the instant disclosure teaches a method for signaling icing within a structure (1), the structure (1) comprising a circuit (2 - 4), the circuit (2 - 4) comprising an appliance (6, 7, 10, 11), the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprising at least one of:
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the method comprises the step of: indicating icing within the structure (1) if the differential measure exceeds the icing threshold.
  • the icing threshold is a predetermined icing threshold.
  • the predetermined icing threshold can, by way of non-limiting example, be less than 10 Pa or less than 100 Pa or less than 1000 Pa.
  • the senor (8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19) is a sensor configured to record a physical quantity.
  • a physical quantity can, by way of non-limiting example, be a temperature, a pressure, in particular a differential pressure, a value of humidity, a value of fluid density, a speed of a fan, a position of a damper, or a value of particulate matter.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the instant disclosure also teaches any of the aforementioned methods, wherein the circuit (2 - 4) comprises a heat exchanger (5), the heat exchanger (5) being different from the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11), the method comprising the step of: producing a signal indicative of icing within the heat exchanger (5) if the differential measure exceeds the icing threshold.
  • the heat exchanger (5) comprises an air handling unit and/or a heat recovery unit.
  • the circuit (2 - 4) defines a flow direction, wherein the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprises a downstream side pointing in the flow direction and an upstream side arranged opposite the downstream side; wherein the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprises a downstream port arranged on the downstream side and an upstream port arranged on the upstream side; and wherein the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13) is in fluid communication with the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) via at least one of
  • a flow of a fluid through the circuit (2 - 4) defines a flow direction.
  • the instant disclosure also teaches any of the aforementioned methods, wherein the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13) is in fluid communication with the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) via the downstream port and via the upstream port; and wherein the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13) comprises a differential pressure sensor, the differential pressure sensor (8, 9, 12, 13) being arranged to produce a signal indicative of a pressure difference between the downstream port and the upstream port.
  • the senor (8, 9, 12, 13) comprises a first port connected to the downstream port of the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13) can also comprise a second port connected to the upstream port of the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11). The second port is advantageously different from the first port.
  • the instant disclosure further teaches any of the aforementioned methods, wherein the sensor (15 - 19) is or comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor (15 - 19) being arranged inside the circuit (2 - 4) to produce a signal indicative of a temperature of a fluid inside the circuit (2 - 4) .
  • the senor (15 - 19) is or comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor (15 - 19) being arranged adjacent the circuit (2 - 4) to produce a signal indicative of a temperature of a fluid, the temperature being associated with the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) and/or being a temperature inside the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) and/or being a temperature adjacent the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the senor (15 - 19) is or comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor (15 - 19) being arranged inside the circuit (2 - 4) and adjacent the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) to produce a signal indicative of a temperature of a fluid, the temperature being associated with the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) and/or being a temperature inside the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) and/or being a temperature adjacent the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the senor (15 - 19) comprises a temperature sensor and also a (differential) pressure sensor.
  • the instant disclosure still further teaches any of the aforementioned methods, wherein the physical quantity associated with the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprises a differential pressure across the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the instant disclosure also teaches any of the aforementioned methods, wherein the circuit (2 - 4) additionally comprises a preheater (14), the preheater (14) being configured to heat a fluid flowing through the circuit (2 - 4) upon activation of the preheater (14), wherein the method additionally comprises the step of: activating the preheater (14) if the differential measure exceeds the icing threshold.
  • the preheater (14) is advantageously different from the heat exchanger (5).
  • the preheater (14) is advantageously also different from the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the structure (1) ideally comprises a clock.
  • the method thus comprises the steps of:
  • the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprises a fluid conveyor (6, 7), the fluid conveyor (6, 7) comprising a fan and being configured to convey a fluid through the circuit (2 - 4) as a function of a speed of the fan; wherein the method comprises the steps of:
  • the method comprises the step of reading a speed signal indicative of the speed of the fan from the fan. In a related embodiment, the method comprises the step of reading a speed signal indicative of the speed of the fan from the fluid conveyor (6, 7). In another related embodiment, the method comprises the step of reading a speed signal indicative of the speed of the fan from the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the method advantageously comprises the step of producing the differential measure as a function of the speed measure and as a function of a difference between the second measure and the first measure.
  • the speed measure is preferably different from the first measure and from the second measure.
  • the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprises a damper, the damper being configured to set a flow of a fluid through the circuit (2 - 4) as a function of a position of the damper; wherein the method comprises the steps of:
  • the method comprises the step of reading a position signal indicative of the position of the damper from the damper. In a related embodiment, the method comprises the step of reading a position signal indicative of the position of the damper from the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the method advantageously comprises the step of producing the differential measure as a function of the position measure and as a function of a difference between the second measure and the first measure.
  • the position measure is preferably different from the first measure and from the second measure.
  • the instant disclosure also teaches a computer-readable medium containing a program which executes the steps of any one of the aforementioned methods.
  • the computer-readable medium is non-transitory.
  • the instant disclosure also teaches an isolated, computer-readable software package, the software package being configured for operating-system-level virtualization, the software package containing a program which performs the steps of any one of the aforementioned methods.
  • the instant disclosure also teaches a controller (20) comprising a processor (21) and a memory (22) storing an icing threshold, the processor (21) being in operative communication with the memory (22), the controller (20) being configured to read signals from a sensor (8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19), the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19) being in fluid communication with an appliance (6, 7, 10, 11), the controller (20) also being configured to activate a preheater (14), the preheater (14) being configured to heat a fluid upon activation of the preheater (14); the controller (20) being configured to:
  • the preheater (14) is advantageously configured to heat a fluid flowing through a circuit (2 - 4) upon activation of the preheater (14).
  • the processor (21) ideally is in operative communication with the preheater (14) .
  • controller (20) comprises a memory (22) storing an icing curve (23), the icing curve (23) comprising a domain (24) indicative of icing, wherein the controller (20) is configured to:
  • the processor (21) it is envisaged to employ the processor (21) to read from the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19) a first signal indicative of a physical quantity associated with or of the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11). It is also envisaged to employ the processor (21), after reading the first signal, to read from the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19) a second signal indicative of a physical quantity associated with or of the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11). It is further envisaged to employ the processor (21) to activate the preheater (14) if the differential measure is within the domain (24) indicative of icing of the icing curve (23).
  • the instant disclosure also teaches any of the aforementioned controllers (20), wherein the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprises a fluid conveyor (6, 7), wherein the controller (20) is in operative communication with the fluid conveyor (6, 7), wherein the controller (20) comprises a memory (22) storing an icing curve (23), the icing curve determining a difference in pressure as a function of a value of fluid flow through the fluid conveyor (6, 7), the icing curve (23) comprising a domain (24) indicative of icing, wherein the controller (20) is configured to:
  • the icing curve determines a value of fluid flow through the fluid conveyor (6, 7) as a function of a difference in pressure.
  • the fluid conveyor (6, 7) comprises a fan and the flow signal is a speed signal such as a speed signal of the fan.
  • the fluid conveyor (6, 7) comprises a damper and the flow signal is a position signal such as a position signal of the damper.
  • the difference in pressure advantageously is a pressure drop.
  • the difference in pressure yet more advantageously is a pressure drop across the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11).
  • the point value is or comprises a point.
  • the icing curve (23) advantageously has one measure such as pressure drop or fluid density plotted versus another measure such as the speed of a fan.
  • the icing curve (23) can also have one quantity such as pressure drop or fluid density plotted versus another quantity such as the speed of a fan.
  • the icing curve (23) can further have a first quantity such as pressure drop or fluid density plotted versus a second quantity such as the speed of a fan.
  • the instant disclosure also teaches a system comprising a circuit (2 - 4), the circuit (2 - 4) comprising an appliance (6, 7, 10, 11), the appliance (6, 7, 10, 11) comprising at least one of:
  • the circuit comprises the sensor (8, 9, 12, 13, 15 - 19) .
  • the system is a system for heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning.
  • Any steps of a method according to the present disclosure may be embodied in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, in a software module executed by a processor inside a container using operating-system-level virtualization, in a cloud computing arrangement, or in a combination thereof.
  • the software may include a firmware, a hardware driver run in the operating system, or an application program.
  • the disclosure also relates to a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein. If implemented in software, the functions described may be stored as one or more instructions on a computer-readable medium.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • flash memory EPROM memory
  • EEPROM memory electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • registers a hard disk, a removable disk, other optical disks, or any available media that can be accessed by a computer or any other IT equipment and appliance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
EP19174655.1A 2018-10-04 2019-05-15 Verfahren und steuerung zum signalisieren von vereisung in einer heizungs-, lüftungs- oder klimaanlage Active EP3633291B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18198619 2018-10-04

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EP3633291B1 EP3633291B1 (de) 2023-12-27

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3319657A (en) 1964-10-16 1967-05-16 Louis A Nyiri Coil freeze protection device
US4416323A (en) 1980-09-29 1983-11-22 Conoco Inc. Air cooler freeze protection
US5101639A (en) 1990-05-21 1992-04-07 Honeywell Inc. Air handling system utilizing direct expansion cooling
US20080307803A1 (en) 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 Nordyne Inc. Humidity control and air conditioning
WO2016060609A1 (en) 2014-10-16 2016-04-21 Swegon Ab Adaptive defrosting of an air treatment system

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8915092B2 (en) * 2011-01-19 2014-12-23 Venmar Ces, Inc. Heat pump system having a pre-processing module
KR102723276B1 (ko) * 2016-11-10 2024-10-31 엘지전자 주식회사 냉장고 및 냉장고의 제어 방법
KR102725966B1 (ko) * 2016-11-11 2024-11-05 엘지전자 주식회사 냉장고 및 그 제어 방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3319657A (en) 1964-10-16 1967-05-16 Louis A Nyiri Coil freeze protection device
US4416323A (en) 1980-09-29 1983-11-22 Conoco Inc. Air cooler freeze protection
US5101639A (en) 1990-05-21 1992-04-07 Honeywell Inc. Air handling system utilizing direct expansion cooling
US20080307803A1 (en) 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 Nordyne Inc. Humidity control and air conditioning
WO2016060609A1 (en) 2014-10-16 2016-04-21 Swegon Ab Adaptive defrosting of an air treatment system

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