EP3628062A1 - Turbine éolienne et procédé de production d'énergie électrique - Google Patents

Turbine éolienne et procédé de production d'énergie électrique

Info

Publication number
EP3628062A1
EP3628062A1 EP17715386.3A EP17715386A EP3628062A1 EP 3628062 A1 EP3628062 A1 EP 3628062A1 EP 17715386 A EP17715386 A EP 17715386A EP 3628062 A1 EP3628062 A1 EP 3628062A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
rotor
convergent
air flow
inner body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17715386.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Adler
Marian MARINOV
Ventsislav DIMITROV
Alex Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KELLER, ALEX
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3628062A1 publication Critical patent/EP3628062A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0625—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the whole rotor, i.e. form features of the rotor unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/133—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines with a convergent-divergent guiding structure, e.g. a Venturi conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
    • F05B2250/15—Geometry two-dimensional spiral
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine and a method for generating electrical energy from an air stream by means of this wind turbine.
  • Wind turbines are currently being developed with rotors with a large diameter of up to 164 meters, for example the type Vestas V164-8.0, with plants with a high energy density currently being up to 10 MW.
  • Development trends up to 2020 are aimed at the creation of offshore wind turbines with a maximum capacity of approximately 20 MW and a rotor diameter of up to 300 meters.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY Recent developments aim to achieve high efficiency by appropriate transformation of local airflows through which higher energies are generated by concentrating relatively small air masses. Two principles can be used and combined, namely concentrating and accelerating local airflows to produce a high dynamic pressure, and generating a turbulent airflow to create a static pressure differential.
  • US 2004/0183310 A1 describes a simple wind energy generator having a funnel-shaped housing with a large inlet, which has a concave inner surface which tapers to an outlet, in which a propeller-operated electric generator is arranged.
  • the wind energy generator is based on Bernoulli's principle that an incoming wind is accelerated in the funnel-shaped housing and directed at high speed on the propeller.
  • a wind turbine which can generate a significant amount of electricity with a relatively small capacity air flow, in view of the above drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the aim of the invention is also to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of wind turbines. This object is achieved in a first aspect of the present invention by a wind turbine (1), comprising
  • an inner body (3) having a cylindrical base body (301) with an upstream mounted hood (307) and a generator (303) arranged in the cylindrical base body (301),
  • an outer body (5) which has a housing shell (501) and at least one funnel component (503) arranged in the housing shell (501), whose cross-section decreases in the flow direction, and a calotte component (505) arranged downstream in the housing jacket (501),
  • At least one support rib (7) which connects the inner body (3) with the outer body (5)
  • a power turbine (9) arranged at the downstream end of the inner body (3) and connected to the generator (303) with a rotor (901), the outer body (5) having at least one convergent (507) with the inner body (3) ) extending along the length of the inner body (3), and wherein the outer body (5) adjoins the downstream end of the inner body
  • the object is further achieved in a second aspect of the present invention by a method for generating electrical energy from an air stream by means of the wind turbine (1) according to the invention, comprising the steps:
  • the invention has the advantages that initially the efficiency of the individual wind turbines (1) is higher compared to conventional wind turbines, since there is basically no limit in the usable wind speed. In addition, the space requirement of the individual wind turbines (1) is lower, which increases the wind use per unit area many times. Furthermore, several wind turbines (1) can be mounted on a conventional mast (13). To produce the above-mentioned electric power of, for example, 175 MW, the present invention requires only 13 masts (13) (instead of 87) each with seven wind turbines (1) according to the invention and an area of only about 22,500 square meters (instead of 870,000) square meters). The invention will be described in detail below.
  • the first aspect of the invention relates to a wind turbine (1) comprising an inner body (3) having a cylindrical body (301) with hood mounted upstream (307) and a generator (303) arranged in the cylindrical body (301) ,
  • the wind turbine (1) further comprises an outer body (5) having a housing shell (501) and at least one in the housing shell (501) arranged funnel component (503), whose cross-section decreases in the flow direction, as well as in the housing shell (501) downstream arranged calotte component (505).
  • the wind turbine (1) comprises at least one support rib (7) which connects the inner body (3) to the outer body (5), and one arranged at the downstream end of the inner body (3) and connected to the generator (303). connected power turbine (9) with a rotor (901).
  • the wind turbine (1) is characterized in that the outer body (5) forms with the inner body (3) at least one convergent (507) extending the length of the inner body (3), and the outer body (5) forming a divergent (509) subsequent to the downstream end of the inner body (3).
  • convergent in the present invention is meant a convergent flow channel viewed in the flow direction, i. a horizontal flow channel with a uniformly decreasing cross-section.
  • the convergent (507) serves to optimize the air flow in the wind turbine (1).
  • divergent in the present invention is meant a divergent flow channel viewed in the flow direction, i. a horizontal flow channel with a rapidly increasing cross-sectional area.
  • the divergent (509) serves for the cross-sectional enlargement of the flow channel.
  • the term “rotor” refers to the rotating (rotating) element of the power turbine (9).
  • the hub of the rotor (901) is made reinforced so that it not only supports the rotor blades (9011) but at the same time acts as a flywheel. The reinforcement may be a larger diameter or broadening of the hub or use of a higher density material.
  • the outer body (5) is arranged around the inner body (3) and forms in particular the outer shell of the wind turbine (1).
  • the inner body (3) is preferably torpedo-shaped and has on its cylindrical base body (301) upstream of a preferably streamlined, conical dome (307).
  • generator (303) preferably an electric generator, preferably a transmission (305), in particular a planetary gear, is connected.
  • at least one support rib (7) connects the inner carcass (3) to the outer carcass (5).
  • the at least one support rib (7) can be arranged on the cylindrical base body (301), i. be fixed, and support the arranged in the housing shell (501) hopper component (503).
  • the outer body (5) faces upstream, i. at inlet to the convergent (507), an inlet port (101) and downstream, i. at the outlet of the divergent (509), an outlet opening (103).
  • the wind turbine (1) according to the invention has a length of 5 meters to 10 meters, in particular from 7 meters to 8 meters, and a diameter of 2 meters to 5 meters, in particular 3 meters to 4 meters.
  • the weight of the wind turbine according to the invention (1) depends on the dimensions between 15 tons and 25 tons, in particular at about 20 tons (comparable conventional wind turbines have a weight of 120 tons to 150 tons).
  • the wind turbine (1) according to the invention offers a high sensitivity to wind speeds, but is robust and weatherproof.
  • the efficiency of each wind turbine (1) is almost three times higher compared to conventional wind turbines.
  • several (up to 15) wind turbines (1) according to the invention can be mounted on a conventional mast (13) become.
  • the operation of the wind turbine (1) according to the invention is already possible at a height of 30 meters, while conventional wind turbines require heights of 70 meters to 150 meters. It is therefore possible to condition individual wind turbines (1) according to the invention for use, for example, in industrial operations.
  • a single wind turbine (1) according to the invention can be maintained without having to completely switch off an entire system of several wind turbines (1).
  • the cost of transport and assembly is much lower and more environmentally friendly, because the wind turbines (1) are relatively compact and small and comparatively light, compared with conventional wind turbines.
  • a conventional wind turbine with 7 MW output (for example from Vestas) requires an investment of about 2.5 million euros.
  • the cost of manufacturing a wind turbine (1) according to the invention are at least comparable with the costs of conventional wind turbines, but are generally much lower.
  • the already existing infrastructure for example masts, feed, etc.
  • the at least one support rib (7) is formed spirally in the flow direction.
  • the air flow entering the wind turbine (1) according to the invention at the inlet opening (101) is transformed from the linear movement into a spiral movement.
  • the air flow is deflected by 50 ° to 70 °, preferably by 55 ° to 65 °, in particular by 60 °, from the linear movement of the original air flow in order to optimally utilize the energy of the incoming air flow.
  • the carrier rib (7) has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of an aircraft wing and thereby has a streamlined, aerodynamic shape, resulting in an improvement in dynamics.
  • the wind turbine according to the invention (1) has two or more support ribs (7a, 7b), which connect the inner body (3) with the outer body (5), ie the cylindrical base body (301) with the funnel component (503), and forming two or more partial convergents (507a, 507b, ...), ie, two or more flow-like spiraled flow channels directed at their downstream end to the rotor (901) of the power turbine (9).
  • the two or more support ribs (7a, 7b) are preferably arranged uniformly along the circumferential length of the inner body (3) and have a uniform spiral state path along the entire length.
  • the wind turbine (1) according to the invention comprises four support ribs (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) which divide the convergent (507) into four partial convergents (507a, 507b, 507c, 507d).
  • the power turbine has ( 9) in the flow direction in front of the rotor (901) on a front stator (903).
  • the front stator (903) has guide elements (9031) which may also be shaped like aircraft wings. The guide elements (9031) serve to direct the air flow targeted to the rotor (901), ie the rotor blades (9011).
  • the guide elements (9031) are preferably at an angle of 50 ° to 70 °, preferably 55 ° to 65 °, in particular 60 °, to the longitudinal axis of the wind turbine (1) and may have a cross-section like an aircraft wing.
  • the rotor blades (9011) are arranged on the rotor (901) so that they are at an angle of 80 ° to 100 °, preferably from 85 ° to 95 °, in particular of 90 °, to the guide elements (9031). As a result, the energy of the incoming air flow is optimally utilized.
  • the power turbine (9) in the flow direction behind the rotor (901) have a rear stator (905), which swirls the air flow emerging from the rotor (901) due to a lattice effect.
  • the turbulence at the fins (9051) of the rear stator (905) gives less loss by compression and the resulting energy is increased.
  • the lamellae (9051) are preferably at an angle of 80 ° to 100 °, preferably of 85 ° to 95 °, in particular of 90 °, to the rotor blades (9011).
  • the shaft of the rotor (901) is stored in the hub of the rear stator (905).
  • the rear stator (905) like the front stator (903), may be connected to the outer body (5) to form part of the support structure of the wind turbine.
  • the outer body (5) has two hopper components (503a, 503b) arranged concentrically with one another and forms two convergents (5071, 5073) with the inner body (3).
  • This embodiment offers the advantage of a mechanically more stable construction, so that the dimensions of the wind turbine (1) according to the invention can be increased without stability problems.
  • the wind turbine (1) according to the invention has twice four carrier ribs (71a, 71b, 71c, 71d, 73a, 73b, 73c, 73d) which subdivide the convergents (5071, 5073) into twice four partial convergents (5071a, 5071b, 5071c, 5071d, 5073a, 5073b, 5073c, 5073d).
  • the funnel components (503a, 503b) are advantageously connected by one or more support ribs (71a, 71b, 71c, 73a, 73b, 73c, ...) to one another and to the housing jacket (501).
  • the support ribs (71a, 71b, 71c, 73a, 73b, 73c, ...) are helically formed in the flow direction to transform the linear movement of the air flow into a spiral movement of the air flow.
  • the outer body (5) has a discharge channel (511) connected to the downstream area of the at least one convergent (507) at least one convergent (507) is completely or partially closable by means of a closure device (513). In this way, a part of the air flow to the power turbine (9) are bypassed, in the style of a bypass, so that only a part of the air flow to the power turbine (9) acts.
  • the closure device (513) is preferably mechanically stored, e.g. against a spring element, and opens the discharge channel (511) at a predetermined pressure or at a sudden change in the wind speed.
  • the discharge duct (511) thus makes generator operation uniform according to the principle of a protection valve (i.e., opening and closing of a throttle valve). For very strong nominal winds, these can bypass the convergent (507) and reduce resistance to gusts of wind.
  • At least one compensating ring (11) may be arranged concentrically with the inner body (3) and the outer body (5) to guide the incoming airflow. Since the hood (307) of the inner body (3) is arranged in the center of the inlet opening of the wind turbine (1) according to the invention and thus constitutes an obstacle to the air flow despite the conical shape, the at least one compensation ring (11) contributes to turbulence-free introduction of the Air flow in the at least one convergent (507) at. For this purpose, the at least one compensation ring (11) can also have the cross section of an aircraft wing.
  • the at least one compensation ring (11) also has the effect of geometrically reducing the inlet opening (101) such that no animals (esp. Birds) or objects can penetrate into the at least one convergent (507) and block it.
  • the compensating ring (s) (11) form, together with the Beginning of the at least one support rib (7), a kind of protective grid in the inlet opening (101).
  • a method for generating electrical energy from an air stream by means of the wind turbine (1) according to the invention which first comprises the step a), the inclusion of an air flow from the environment in the at least a convergent (507) of the wind turbine (1) before, in step b), the air flow in the at least one convergent (507) is accelerated and compressed by increasing reduction in its cross-sectional area.
  • step c) the accelerated, compressed air flow is directionally directed to the rotor (901), thereby driving the power turbine (9), whereupon in step d) after passing through the rotor (901) the accelerated, compressed air flow into the divergent (509 ) is initiated and the air flow is slowed down and expanded.
  • step d) after passing through the rotor (901) the accelerated, compressed air flow into the divergent (509 ) is initiated and the air flow is slowed down and expanded.
  • a negative pressure on the downstream side of the rotor (901) is generated, which further contributes to the increase of energy.
  • the inventive method basically has the same advantages as the wind turbine (1) according to the invention.
  • the inventive method for the individual wind turbines (1) compared to conventional wind turbines has a high efficiency, since there is basically no limit in the usable wind speed.
  • step b) the linear flow movement of the air flow through the at least one carrier rib (7) is converted into a spiral flow movement, so that
  • step c) the accelerated, compressed air flow at an obtuse angle to the rotor (901) is passed, and
  • step d) in the divergent (509) a turbulent flow is generated.
  • the spiral flow movement is compared to the rectilinear flow movement by 50 ° to 70 °, preferably by 55 ° to 65 °, in particular deflected by 60 °, to optimally utilize the energy of the incoming air flow.
  • the obtuse angle, between the spiral flow movement and the rotor (901), or the rotor blades (901 1) is 80 ° to 100 °, preferably 85 ° to 95 °, particularly preferably 90 °.
  • step a) when a critical flow velocity of the air flow from the environment or sudden changes in flow velocity is exceeded, in step a) the closure device (513) is at least partially opened and at least part of the air flow through the discharge channel (511) on the rotor (901 ) is bypassed.
  • the closure device (513) is at least partially opened and at least part of the air flow through the discharge channel (511) on the rotor (901 ) is bypassed.
  • the present invention relates in a third aspect to the use of the above-described wind turbine (1) for generating electrical energy from an air stream, wherein in particular the method described above applies.
  • FIGS. 1 shows a schematic, partially sectioned illustration of a wind turbine 1 according to the invention according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Embodiment of the invention with convergent 507 and divergent 509 a diagram illustrating dynamic pressure and static
  • FIG. 1 a frontal view of a wind turbine 1 according to the invention according to an embodiment of the invention and 9a, 9b are schematic representations of several wind turbines 1 according to the invention on a mast 13.
  • FIG. 1 A wind turbine 1 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 1 with the outer body 5 cut open, so that the convergent 507 and the divergent 509 with front stator 903, rotor 901 and rear stator 905 arranged therebetween are at least partially visible. Furthermore, the arrangement of a carrier rib 7 is shown.
  • Fig. 2 shows the inner body 3 according to an embodiment of the invention schematically, wherein the housing shell 301 is shown partially cut away. In the housing shell 301, a generator 303 are arranged with associated gear 305, wherein the shaft of the power turbine 9 is connected to the transmission 305 and thus to the generator 303.
  • FIG. 3a A schematic sectional view of an outer body 5 with funnel component 503 and calotte component 505 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 3a, from which the convergent 507 and the divergent 509 with their basic shape can be seen.
  • FIG. 3b depicts a diagram for illustrating dynamic pressure and static pressure, as prevail in principle in the convergent 507 and divergent 509 shown in FIG. 3a. On Fig. 3b will be discussed elsewhere.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of a wind turbine 1 according to an embodiment of the invention, in which two concentric convergents 5071, 5073 are shown, which are reunited in a bundle zone 5075 in front of the front stator 903.
  • FIG. 4 also shows the arrangement of the power turbine 9 with front stator 903, rotor 901 and rear stator 905 between the convergents 5071, 5073, or the bundling zone 5075, and the divergent 509.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a wind turbine 1 according to the invention according to an embodiment of the invention, which is similar to Fig. 1, but as in Fig. 4, two concentric convergents 5071, 5073 has. Further, the inlet port 101 and the outlet port 103 are designated. The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 further comprises three compensation rings 11 in the inlet opening 101, the Pass air flow from outside around the hood 307 into the two convergents 5071, 5073.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates in detail a wind turbine 1 according to the invention in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
  • This embodiment has two funnel components 503a, 503b, which form the two convergents 5071, 5073. Furthermore, the discharge channel 511 with the closure device 513 are shown here.
  • An embodiment of the power turbine 9 according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. Partially cut, the front stator 903 with the guide elements 9031, the rotor 901 with the rotor blades 9011 and the rear stator 905 with the fins 9051 can be seen.
  • the guide elements 9031 are at an angle of about 60 ° to the longitudinal axis of the wind turbine 1 and at an angle of about 90 ° to the rotor blades 9011.
  • the fins 9051 are at an angle of about 30 ° to about 70 ° Longitudinal axis of the wind turbine 1.
  • Rotor blades 9011, guide elements 9031 and blades 9051 each have a cross-section like an
  • FIG. 8 A frontal view of a wind turbine 1 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 8.
  • the inner body 3 and the outer body 5 are concentrically connected by the support ribs 71, 73.
  • the funnel components 501 a, 503 b and the compensation rings 11 are arranged concentrically with the inner body 3 and the outer body 5. It is easy to see how this forms a kind of protective grid in the inlet opening 101.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b schematically illustrate a plurality of wind turbines 1 according to the invention on a mast 13.
  • the mast 13 has a gondola 15 similar to conventional wind turbines, to which the wind turbines 1 according to the invention are attached.
  • working platforms 17 are further provided, which are technically poorly possible in conventional wind turbines, but according to the present invention allow easy and safe maintenance and repair of the wind turbine 1.
  • the pressure of a flowing fluid increases as its velocity decreases, i.e., decreases. conversely, the speed increases as the pressure decreases.
  • a flowing fluid e.g., a gas
  • This principle is applied, for example, in the geometry of aircraft wings, so that prevail at the top of a higher speed and thus a lower pressure, so that a buoyancy is generated.
  • the convergent 507 In order to reduce or prevent these losses, the convergent 507 must have a precisely defined optimum shape and proportions which allow the current to be accelerated in a linear relationship.
  • the convergent 507 is designed such that its cross-sectional area decreases with a predetermined dependency with the aerodynamic coefficient of 10 °. This allows a smooth and orderly acceleration of the airflow.
  • the sum of the static and dynamic pressures remains constant.
  • the dynamic pressure can be understood as the inertia in the collision of the moving air masses minus the wind pressure. Due to the acceleration of the air flow in the convergent 507, the dynamic pressure increases and the static pressure decreases (see Fig. 3b), the sum of which remains constant.
  • the drop in static pressure in the convergent 507 determines the movement of the airflow and the parabolic curve determines its acceleration.
  • the drop in static pressure leads to a drop in air density. The accelerated air is therefore expanded.
  • a "micro-tornado" is generated at high speed and very high dynamic pressure.
  • the combination of high speed and high dynamic pressure produces energy that is many times greater than that of a nominal airflow.
  • the usable kinetic energy of an airflow is proportional to the cube of the velocity of that airflow. Doubling the velocity of the air stream thus increases the usable kinetic energy by a factor of eight.
  • a turbulent air swirl is generated in the divergent 509 as a short, expanding duct. This effect can also be compared to a "micro-tornado".
  • the turbulent air vortex is a quasi dilution of the air and results in a drop in static pressure in the divergent 509 behind the rear stator 905. This is a spiral air vortex with high flow velocity and low linear entrance velocity.
  • the diluted air acts like a taut spring, which tries to shrink.
  • the turbulent drop in static pressure in divergent 509 creates a difference in static pressure and past the end of the convergent 507, which creates additional exit energy.
  • the dynamic pressure increases until the end of the convergent 507 and thereafter decreases rapidly due to the gradual decay in velocity and the sharp decrease in air density in the divergent 509.
  • a power turbine 9 with a rotor 901 is therefore placed at the end of the convergent 507 to transform the air flow (spiral) into a mechanical torque.
  • the linear motion of the air stream is transformed uniformly and in a controlled manner by helical rotary motion by elongate helical support ribs 7 fixed in the convergent 507. It is particularly advantageous to accelerate and transform the linear movement of the air stream smoothly and in a controlled manner into the spiral movement in order to prevent or minimize inertia loss. As a result, a better aerodynamic coefficient is achieved.
  • the accelerated air flow is preferably directed at right angles to the rotor 901 or the rotor blades 9011. This in turn increases the energy produced.
  • a spiral turbulent air vortex with high tangential but reduced axial velocity is passed through divergent 509. The effect can also be compared to a "micro-tornado" generated in divergent 509, not on its periphery.
  • the transformation of the local air flow which consists of the acceleration of the air flow in the convergent 507, together with the transformation of its straight-line motion into a spiraling motion and the generation of a powerful turbulent air swirl or a drop of the static pressure behind the rotor 901, into a mechanical one Torque enables the high output power concentration of the rotor 901 to have a significantly compact structure of the wind turbine 1, even at a low nominal wind speed. Consequently, the combination of a high mechanical torque with a high frequency of the power turbine 9 produces a significant output power, which is supplied to the electric generator 303. This makes it possible to operate the wind turbine 1 according to the invention already at a low nominal wind speed.
  • the aerodynamics of the Konvergent 507 is not trivial.
  • the wind turbine 1 of the present invention is more compact, lighter, and less expensive than conventional wind turbines. It has a high sensitivity to the wind speed with simultaneous absence of an upper critical speed.
  • the annual averaged capacity is 70% to 80% of the maximum power compared to a mean capacity of about 34% for conventional wind turbines.
  • the wind turbines 1 of the present invention do not interfere with each other when they are close to each other.
  • several wind turbines 1 can be positioned on a mast 13, ie at lower cost more power can be generated.
  • the individual masts 13 can be positioned closer together in a wind farm.
  • the present invention shows that, according to the invention, wind turbines 1 can be manufactured to produce high electrical energy with significantly lower initial investment.
  • 503a, 503b funnel components
  • 73a, 73b support ribs

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une éolienne (1) comprenant - un corps intérieur (3) qui comporte un corps de base cylindrique (301) muni d'un capot (307) monté en amont et un générateur (303) disposé dans le corps de base cylindrique (301), - un corps extérieur (5) qui comporte une enveloppe formant boîtier (501), au moins un élément en entonnoir (503) qui est disposé dans l'enveloppe formant boîtier (501) et dont la section transversale diminue dans le sens d'écoulement, ainsi qu'un élément concave (505) disposé en aval dans l'enveloppe formant boîtier (501), - au moins une nervure de support (7) qui relie le corps intérieur (3) au corps extérieur (5), et - une turbine de puissance (9), muni d'un rotor (901), qui est disposée à l'extrémité aval du corps intérieur (3) et qui est relié au générateur (303). Le corps extérieur (5) comportant le corps intérieur (3) forme au moins un élément convergent (507) qui s'étend sur toute la longueur du corps intérieur (3) et le corps extérieur (5) forme un élément divergent (509) à la suite de l'extrémité aval du corps intérieur (3). En outre, la présente invention concerne un procédé de production d'énergie électrique à partir d'un flux d'air au moyen de la turbine éolienne de l'invention (1).
EP17715386.3A 2016-02-26 2017-02-24 Turbine éolienne et procédé de production d'énergie électrique Withdrawn EP3628062A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016002226.4A DE102016002226A1 (de) 2016-02-26 2016-02-26 Windturbine und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie
PCT/DE2017/000047 WO2017144038A1 (fr) 2016-02-26 2017-02-24 Turbine éolienne et procédé de production d'énergie électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3628062A1 true EP3628062A1 (fr) 2020-04-01

Family

ID=58488762

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17715386.3A Withdrawn EP3628062A1 (fr) 2016-02-26 2017-02-24 Turbine éolienne et procédé de production d'énergie électrique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20190032630A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3628062A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2019506566A (fr)
KR (1) KR20180108813A (fr)
CN (1) CN108779758A (fr)
CA (1) CA3015970A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016002226A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017144038A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4411588A (en) * 1978-04-28 1983-10-25 Walter E. Currah Wind driven power plant
DE3116396A1 (de) * 1981-04-24 1982-11-18 Meisei University, Hino, Tokyo Windenergiebetriebene generatorvorrichtung
JP2001132614A (ja) * 1999-11-11 2001-05-18 Naoyoshi Hosoda 風力発電装置
DE10118858A1 (de) * 2001-04-18 2003-06-18 Fradkin Boris Mantelwindturbine
US20040183310A1 (en) 2003-03-19 2004-09-23 Jack Mowll Mowll-Bernoulli wind power generator
US20110204634A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-25 Skala James A Synchronous Induced Wind Power Generation System
DE102010032223A1 (de) * 2010-07-26 2012-01-26 Alphacon Gmbh Energiegewinnungsanlage
AT511478B1 (de) * 2011-10-04 2012-12-15 Penz Alois Windkraftanlage
DE202012001513U1 (de) * 2012-02-14 2012-05-30 Herbert Mader Windkraft-Anlagen
GB2500888B (en) * 2012-04-03 2016-09-28 Paunovic Nenad Device for fluids kinetic energy conversion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20180108813A (ko) 2018-10-04
WO2017144038A1 (fr) 2017-08-31
DE102016002226A1 (de) 2017-08-31
US20190032630A1 (en) 2019-01-31
CN108779758A (zh) 2018-11-09
CA3015970A1 (fr) 2017-08-31
JP2019506566A (ja) 2019-03-07

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