Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
  • B60H1/00742—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models by detection of the vehicle occupants' presence; by detection of conditions relating to the body of occupants, e.g. using radiant heat detectors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/0073—Control systems or circuits characterised by particular algorithms or computational models, e.g. fuzzy logic or dynamic models
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models

Definitions

• the invention relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle.
• the invention also relates to a thermal management method implemented by such a thermal management system.
• the detection and / or taking into account of the thermal state of the passengers is practically non-existent, except for some examples of the use of infrared sensors which detect the superficial temperature of the clothes of the passengers to better hold initial conditions during the transitory phase of the passengers. home (when the person comes from a cold or hot environment) and thermal balance resulting from radiative and convective exchanges.
• the measurement of the thermal state of the passenger compartment is limited to an air temperature measurement combined with a sunshine sensor.
• the invention aims in particular to propose an improvement of the known thermal management systems.
• the invention thus relates to a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit arranged for:
• the invention makes it possible to meet increasing expectations in terms of comfort and well-being in a vehicle, and in particular by increasing the ability to adapt to the needs of each passenger.
• the system according to the invention allows the following aspects:
• the system comprises at least one sensor arranged to measure a parameter for determining at least one of the first, second and third data.
• the sensor is chosen from:
• a camera in particular a DMS camera, arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
• an infrared dome formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperatures of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
• a temperature sensor at the outlet of an air conditioning device or an HVAC after the exchangers a temperature sensor prevailing in the passenger compartment.
• a DMS (Driver Monitoring System) camera is a camera operating in the near infrared and can recover an image of the face and / or the bust of the driver, regardless of the brightness in the cabin. Thanks to algorithms, in particular by physical analysis or by using big data or big data in English, we can deduce a lot of information such as: the recognition of the identity of the passenger, evaluation of the level of fatigue, estimation of the cardiac rhythm, recognition of the clothes worn at the top of the body.
• the system comprises an air conditioning device, in particular an HVAC, and the system is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
• an air conditioning device in particular an HVAC
• the system is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
• the first datum (Clo) representative of the passenger's clothing level in the passenger compartment corresponds to a thermal resistance of the clothing worn by the passenger.
• the system is arranged to process an image taken by a camera and, from this image, to determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and and / or scarf and / or hat) carried by the passenger including image recognition, the system being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
• the type of clothing T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and and / or scarf and / or hat
• the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent at least on a passenger heart rate which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a DMS camera.
• this camera is arranged to observe changes in the color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood in the skin of the face, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
• the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on at least one characteristic passenger physics which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a DMS camera.
• the camera is arranged to measure, in particular by image processing, the physical characteristics of the passenger, including gender, age, size and volume. It is possible to deduce the weight.
• the second representative data (MET) of the passenger metabolic activity is dependent on both a passenger heart rate and at least one passenger physical characteristic.
• the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponding to a thermal surface power produced by the passenger.
• the system is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by a sensor, in particular by an infrared dome, to calculate the radiative temperature for at least a part, in particular several parts, of the passenger body such as head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
• the calculation is performed for at least six distinct parts of the body, including at least ten distinct parts of the body such as head, neck, torso, arms, hands, back, buttocks, thighs, legs, feet .
• the system is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a portion of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves. , feet, arms, especially from the power of an air blower and / or distribution of the HVAC and / or the blown air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the base of charts.
• the system is arranged for, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, to estimate, especially from charts, the air velocity at contact of one or more parts of the passenger's body.
• the system is arranged to acquire HVAC characteristics, such as the position of the flaps and a characteristic of the blower, for estimating the air speed at the level of the passengers. According to one aspect of the invention, these temperatures and / or speeds are used to calculate the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment.
• the system is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the heat power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
• the powers exchanged are a function of the local air speed, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo ) and the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger.
• the system is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the passengers' metabolism and, by multiplying this power difference by a coefficient, to determine a value of the thermal comfort index (PMV).
• this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of the passengers. It is also possible to set guidelines for thermal actuators to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
• the invention preferably uses both external data and passenger characteristics. It is thus possible to refine the thermal need to arrive at the thermal comfort of the passengers.
• the invention further relates to a thermal comfort management method in a passenger compartment using an estimated model of thermal sensations and thermal comfort based on a calculation of heat exchange on the different parts of the body and the analysis of temperatures. balance and power balances resulting therefrom, characterized in that the method simultaneously determines, for estimating a comfort index:
• the method is arranged to take into account heat exchanges by breathing, sweating and perspiration, as a function of the temperature and humidity and metabolism to estimate a comfort index.
• the metabolic activity is determined according to the day and / or time, sex, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and the data or knowledge of his current or past activities.
• the method is arranged to take into account variations in time or between parts of the face of the skin temperature measured by an infrared camera.
• the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of a local and global thermal sensation based on the skin temperature data taken as a reference of comfort on each part of the body, and on a calculation of the thermal deficit resulting from a balance of local and global exchanges obtained with these temperatures.
• the method is arranged to take into account a skin temperature map taken as a comfort reference in the form of tabulated values and / or modeled and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, the ambient conditions and the context of use.
• the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of an overall thermal comfort based on the application of a formula that combines and weights the influence of the gap on each part of the body between the equilibrium skin temperature and the comfort reference temperature, as well as the variation over time of this deviation.
• the method is arranged to take into account weighting coefficients of the impact of each term (difference between equilibrium temperature and reference temperature and / or its local variation) under form of tabulated and / or modeled values and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, the ambient conditions and the context of use.
• FIG. 1 illustrates, schematically and partially, a thermal system according to the invention
• FIG. 2 illustrates steps of the thermal comfort management method in the system of FIG. 1,
• Figure 3 shows the different passenger areas involved in the process of Figure 2.
• FIG. 1 shows a thermal management system 1 for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit 2 arranged for:
• the system includes a plurality of sensors arranged to measure a plurality of parameters for determining the first, second and third data.
• These sensors include:
• a DMS camera 3 arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment
• an infrared dome 4 formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperatures of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
• a sun sensor 5 a temperature sensor 6 at the output of an air conditioning device or of the HVAC 10,
• the system 1 is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a device blower. air conditioning or distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
• the first datum (Clo) representative of the passenger's clothing level in the passenger compartment corresponds to a measured thermal resistance of the clothes worn by the passenger.
• the system 1 is arranged to process an image taken by the camera 3 and, from this image, to determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat) carried by the passenger in particular by image recognition, the system 1 being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
• the type of clothing T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat
• the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a HR heart rate of the passenger which is measured in particular by the camera 3, as can be seen in FIG.
• This camera 3 is arranged to observe changes in the color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood at the level of the facial skin, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
• the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a physical characteristic of the passenger that is measured by the camera 6 to determine, by image processing, the passenger's physical characteristics PC, including sex, age, size and volume, and indirectly weight.
• the second representative data MET of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponds to a PS thermal power produced by the passenger deduced using the PC data.
• the system 1 is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by the infrared dome 4, to calculate the radiative temperature for several parts of the passenger body such as the head Z1, the bust Z2, the back Z3, the Z4 legs, Z5 feet, Z6 arms and Z7 hands, as can be seen in Figure 3.
• the system 1 is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a portion of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms, particularly at from the power of an air blower and / or the distribution of the HVAC and / or the blown air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the basis of abacuses.
• the system 1 is arranged for, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, to estimate, in particular from charts, the air velocity in contact with a part or several parts of the passenger's body.
• These temperatures and / or TV speeds are used to calculate the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment.
• the system 1 is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the heat power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, the legs, the calves, the feet, arms.
• This total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) depends on data Clo, Met and PS.
• the powers exchanged are a function of the local air velocity, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo) and the second data.
• representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger are a function of the local air velocity, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo) and the second data.
• representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is a function of the local air velocity, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo) and the second data.
• MET representative
• the system 1 is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the passengers' metabolism and, by multiplying this power difference by a coefficient, to determine a value of the comfort index thermal (PMV).
• this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of the passengers. It is also possible to set guidelines for thermal actuators to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
• the method is arranged to take into account heat exchange by breathing, sweating and perspiration, as a function of the ambient temperature and humidity and of the metabolism to estimate a comfort index.
• the metabolic activity is determined by the day and / or time, sex, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and the data or knowledge of current or past activities.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
• Mathematical Physics (AREA)
• Software Systems (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
• Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=59699787

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (16)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2017
  • 2017-05-03 FR FR1753885A patent/FR3065915B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2018
  • 2018-04-25 WO PCT/FR2018/051043 patent/WO2018202984A1/fr unknown
  • 2018-04-25 EP EP18725289.5A patent/EP3619067A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2018-04-25 CN CN201890000802.4U patent/CN213501729U/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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