EP3613986B1 - Scroll compressor, control method therefor, and air conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Scroll compressor, control method therefor, and air conditioning apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3613986B1
EP3613986B1 EP18850260.3A EP18850260A EP3613986B1 EP 3613986 B1 EP3613986 B1 EP 3613986B1 EP 18850260 A EP18850260 A EP 18850260A EP 3613986 B1 EP3613986 B1 EP 3613986B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
flow rate
scroll
threshold
pressure chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18850260.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3613986A1 (en
EP3613986A4 (en
Inventor
Akihiro KANAI
Takuma YAMASHITA
Taichi Tateishi
Yogo Takasu
Hajime Sato
Kazuki Takahashi
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd
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Publication of EP3613986A1 publication Critical patent/EP3613986A1/en
Publication of EP3613986A4 publication Critical patent/EP3613986A4/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0021—Systems for the equilibration of forces acting on the pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/025—Lubrication; Lubricant separation using a lubricant pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/028—Means for improving or restricting lubricant flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a scroll compressor, a control method therefor, and an air conditioning apparatus.
  • a closed type scroll compressor oil accumulated in an oil reservoir in a lower portion of a compressor is pumped by a pump and supplied to a bearing.
  • the pumped oil is returned to the oil reservoir in the lower portion of the compressor through an oil drain passage after passing through a back pressure chamber which is a space provided between an upper bearing and an orbiting scroll.
  • PTL 1 discloses that a solenoid valve is provided in an oil drain passage and an opening degree of the solenoid valve is controlled to control a flow rate of oil discharged from a back pressure chamber.
  • PTL 1 discloses that in a case where a rotating speed of an orbiting scroll is equal to or less than a threshold, the solenoid valve is fully closed to increase an amount of oil in the back pressure chamber. In this way, an anti-thrust force can be increased by increasing the amount of oil in the back pressure chamber, and as a result, efficiency of the compressor can be improved.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a scroll compressor, a control method therefore, and an air conditioning apparatus capable of avoiding an influence of a temperature increase of oil on a peripheral device while suppressing a decrease in efficiency of a compressor.
  • a scroll compressor including: a scroll compression mechanism which has a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll and compresses and discharges a refrigerant between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll; a rotary shaft which is a rod-shaped member for orbiting the orbiting scroll; an oil supply passage which is provided inside the rotary shaft along a longitudinal direction and through which oil flowing in from one end of the rotary shaft is discharged from the other end of the rotary shaft; a back pressure chamber which is disposed on the rotary shaft side of the orbiting scroll and into which the oil discharged from the other end of the oil supply passage flows; an oil drain passage through which the oil flowing into the back pressure chamber is discharged; a flow rate adjusting mechanism which changes a flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage; and a control device which controls the flow rate adjusting mechanism so as to control the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage, and in a case where an orbital speed of the orbiting scroll is the same as a preset first threshold or
  • the flow rate of the oil flowing out through the oil drain passage from the inside of the back pressure chamber is controlled to be equal or less than the first flow rate. Accordingly, an amount of oil in the back pressure chamber increases, and a pressure in the back pressure chamber increases. Therefore, a force (hereinafter, referred to as an "anti-thrust force") from the orbiting scroll toward the fixed scroll can be increased on a rear surface of the orbiting scroll.
  • the anti-thrust force offsets a portion of a force in a direction away from the fixed scroll acting on the orbiting scroll, and reduces a loss caused by a friction when the orbiting scroll in the thrust bearing orbits.
  • the flow rate of the oil flowing out through the oil drain passage from the inside of the back pressure chamber is controlled to be equal to or less than the first flow rate, the oil easily stagnates in the back pressure chamber, and there is a concern that exhaust heat cannot be sufficiently performed. Even in this case, the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage is temporarily increased at the predetermined timing determined in advance based on the temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber, and thus, it is possible to prevent the temperature from increasing too much. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid an influence of heat on a member around the back pressure chamber.
  • the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage is controlled to be equal to or more than a second flow rate which is the value larger than the first flow rate. Accordingly, it is possible to sufficiently perform the exhaust heat while reducing the loss caused by the friction when the orbiting scroll orbits by the anti-thrust force.
  • the scroll compressor has a housing whose interior is partitioned into a first chamber and a second chamber, and the orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll are disposed in the first chamber within the housing.
  • the first threshold may be set to be equal to or more than an orbital speed corresponding to a case where the scroll compressor is operated at a capacity of 1/2 of a rated operation and to be equal to or less than an orbital speed corresponding to a case where the scroll compressor is operated at the capacity of the rated operation.
  • the control device may control the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage to be equal to or less than the first flow rate.
  • the flow rate of the oil flowing an exhaust heat passage is controlled to be equal to or less than the first flow rate.
  • a temporary increase of the flow rate at the predetermined timing is not performed.
  • an amount of oil which flows into the back pressure chamber through the oil supply path is not sufficient, and thus, for example, exhaust heat in a sliding portion such as a bearing is not promoted.
  • the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage at the predetermined timing is temporarily increased so as to promote the exhaust heat.
  • the rotating speed is in a middle speed region, and an amount of oil sufficient for the exhaust heat of the sliding portion flows into the back pressure chamber through the oil supply passage. For this reason, unlike when the orbital speed of the orbiting scroll is less than or equal to the first threshold, it is not necessary to temporarily increase the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage at the predetermined timing.
  • the orbital speed of the orbiting scroll is equal to or more than the first threshold and less than the second threshold
  • the flow rate of the oil flowing through the exhaust heat passage to be equal to or less than the first flow rate
  • a timing at which a temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber reaches a preset upper limit temperature may be estimated or tested in advance, and the predetermined timing may be determined in advance based on a result of the estimation or test.
  • a temperature increase in the back pressure chamber when various conditions for example, a temperature of a fluid sucked into the compressor or the like
  • the predetermined timing is determined based on an elapsed time until the temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber reaches the preset upper limit temperature.
  • the scroll compressor may further include a temperature estimation unit which estimates the temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber, in which in a case where the temperature of the oil estimated by the temperature estimation unit is equal to or more than a preset upper limit temperature, the control device may determine that the predetermined timing reaches and temporarily increase the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage.
  • the control device determines that the predetermined timing reaches and temporarily increases the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage. Therefore, it is possible to easily prevent the temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber from excessively increasing.
  • an air conditioning apparatus including: a condenser which condenses a refrigerant; an evaporator which evaporates the refrigerant condensed by the condenser; and the scroll compressor which compresses the refrigerant evaporated by the evaporator.
  • a control method of a scroll compressor including a scroll compression mechanism which includes a housing whose interior is partitioned into a first chamber and a second chamber, and a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll disposed in the first chamber, compresses a refrigerant between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, and discharges the compressed refrigerant to the second chamber, a rotary shaft which is a rod-shaped member for orbiting the orbiting scroll, an oil supply passage which is provided inside the rotary shaft along a longitudinal direction and through which oil flowing in from one end of the rotary shaft is discharged from the other end of the rotary shaft, a back pressure chamber which is disposed on the rotary shaft side of the orbiting scroll and into which the oil discharged from the other end of the oil supply passage flows, and an oil drain passage through which the oil flowing into the back pressure chamber is discharged, the method including: in a case where an orbital speed of the orbiting scroll is the same as a preset first threshold or equal to or more than
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air conditioning apparatus 10 has a refrigerant circuit which is configured by sequentially connecting a scroll compressor 1, a four-way switching valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an electronic expansion valve 6, and an indoor heat exchanger 8 to each other by a refrigerant pipe and can perform an air-conditioning operation.
  • the scroll compressor 1 can control a drive frequency of a motor by an inverter control, sucks a low pressure and temperature refrigerant gas from a low-pressure side of the refrigerant circuit, compresses the low pressure and temperature refrigerant gas such that the low pressure and temperature refrigerant gas is a high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas, and discharge the high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas to a high-pressure side.
  • the four-way switch valve 2 is switched to circulate the high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the scroll compressor 1 to the outdoor heat exchanger 4 side during a cooling operation and circulate the high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas to the indoor heat exchanger 8 side during a heating operation.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4 functions as a condenser which performs heat exchange between the high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas supplied from the scroll compressor 1 and the outside air during the cooling operation so as to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, functions as an evaporator which performs heat exchange between a low temperature and pressure two-phase refrigerant supplied via the electronic expansion valve 6 and the outside air during the heating operation so as to evaporate the refrigerant, and includes an outdoor fan (not shown) for blowing the outside air.
  • the electronic expansion valve 6 adiabatically expands the high pressure liquid refrigerant condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 4 or the indoor heat exchanger 8 into a low temperature and pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and for example, an electric expansion valve driven by a pulse motor is used as the electronic expansion valve 6.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 8 functions as an evaporator which performs heat exchange between the low temperature and pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant introduced via the electronic expansion valve 6 and indoor air to be air-conditioned during the cooling operation and evaporates the refrigerant so as to cool the indoor air, functions as a condenser which performs heat exchange between the high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas supplied from the scroll compressor 1 and the indoor air to be air-conditioned during the heating operation and condenses the refrigerant so as to heat the indoor air, and includes an indoor fan (not shown) for circulating the indoor air.
  • the high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the scroll compressor 1 is introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger 4 by the four-way switching valve 2 and is heat-exchanged with the outside air so as to be condensed and liquefied.
  • This high pressure liquid refrigerator is adiabatically expanded by the electronic expansion valve 6 to be the low temperature and pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 8.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 8 the low temperature and pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is heat-exchanged with the indoor air, absorbs heat so as to be evaporated, becomes a low temperature and pressure refrigerant gas, and is sucked to the scroll compressor 1.
  • the indoor air which is cooled by the evaporation of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 8 is blown into the room via the indoor fan, and thus, the cooling operation is performed.
  • the high temperature and pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the scroll compressor 1 is introduced to the indoor heat exchanger 8 by the four-way switching valve 2, is heat-exchanged with the indoor air, and is condensed and liquefied.
  • the indoor air is heated by the discharged heat.
  • the high pressure liquid refrigerant which is condensed and liquefied by the indoor heat exchanger 8 is adiabatically expanded by the electronic expansion valve 6 so as to be the low temperature and pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and is introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger 4.
  • the low temperature and pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is heat-exchanged with the outside air, absorbs heat from the outside air to be evaporated, and is sucked into the scroll compressor 1 as a low temperature and pressure refrigerant gas.
  • the indoor air which is overheated by heat discharged from the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 8 is blown into the room via the indoor fan, and thus, the heating operation is performed.
  • Fig. 2 is an overall sectional view of the scroll compressor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing peripheries of a back pressure chamber and an oil drain passage in an enlarged manner in the overall sectional view of the scroll compressor shown in Fig. 2
  • the scroll compressor 1 includes a motor 5 which is a drive device of the scroll compressor 1 and a scroll compression mechanism 7 which is driven by the motor 5 inside a housing 3.
  • a frequency of the motor 5 is controlled by an inverter (not shown).
  • a control of the inverter may be performed by a control device 53 described later, or a dedicated control device for controlling the inverter may be provided.
  • the inverter may be controlled by a control device of the air conditioning apparatus 10.
  • the housing 3 includes a tubular housing main body 3a which vertically extends, a bottom portion 3b which closes a lower end of the housing main body 3a, and a cover portion 3c which closes an upper end of the housing main body 3a.
  • the housing 3 is a pressure container whose entirety is sealed.
  • a suction pipe 9 through which the refrigerant is introduced into the housing 3 is provided on a side portion of the housing main body 3a.
  • a discharge pipe 11 through which the refrigerant compressed by the scroll compression mechanism 7 is discharged is provided on the upper portion of the cover portion 3c.
  • a discharge cover 13 is provided between the housing main body 3a and the cover portion 3c, and the interior space of the housing 3 is divided into a low-pressure chamber 3A which is a first chamber positioned below the discharge cover 13 which is a partitioning member and a high-pressure chamber 3B which is a second chamber positioned above the discharge cover 13. Even in a case where the discharge cover 13 is not provided in the housing 3, a fixed scroll 33 and an upper bearing 21 function as the partitioning member.
  • the discharge cover 13 includes an opening hole 13a through which the low-pressure chamber 3A and the high-pressure chamber 3B communicate with each other, and a discharge reed valve 13b which opens or closes the opening hole 13a.
  • An oil reservoir 3bt in which oil is stored is formed on a bottom in the housing 3.
  • the motor 5 includes a stator 15 and a rotor 17.
  • the stator 15 is fixed to an inner wall surface at an approximately intermediate portion in a vertical direction of the housing main body 3a.
  • the rotor 17 is rotatably provided to the stator 15.
  • a rotary shaft 19 is vertically disposed with respect to the rotor 17 in the longitudinal direction. Power is supplied to the motor 5 from the outside of the housing 3 to rotate the rotor 17, and thus, the rotor 17 and the rotary shaft 19 are rotated.
  • the rotary shaft 19 is a rod-shaped member which causes an orbiting scroll 35 of the scroll compression mechanism 7 to orbit.
  • the rotary shaft 19 is provided such that end portions protrude upward and downward from the rotor 17, and an upper end portion of the rotary shaft 19 is rotatably supported by an upper bearing 21 and a lower end portion thereof is rotatably supported by a lower bearing 23 with respect to the housing main body 3a about an axis CE extending in the vertical direction.
  • the axis CE is a longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft 19 which is a rod-shaped member.
  • an eccentric pin 25 which protrudes upward along an eccentricity LE eccentric to the axis CE is formed on an upper end of the rotary shaft 19.
  • the scroll compression mechanism 7 is connected to the upper end of the rotary shaft 19 having the eccentric pin 25.
  • the rotary shaft 19 and the eccentric pin 25 has an oil supply passage 27 which extends up and down, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft 19 in the insides of the rotary shaft 19 and the eccentric pin 25.
  • the oil supply passage 27 penetrates the rotary shaft 19 from one end of the rotary shaft 19 toward the other end thereof.
  • the oil supply passage 27 and the rotary shaft 19 are disposed such that lower ends thereof reach the oil reservoir 3bt, and an oil supply pump 29 is provided on the lower end of the rotary shaft 19.
  • the oil supply pump 29 is driven by the rotary shaft 19.
  • the oil supply pump 29 feeds the lubricant oil stored in the oil reservoir 3bt to the oil supply passage 27 of the rotary shaft 19 according to the rotation of the rotary shaft 19.
  • the oil fed by the oil supply pump 29 passes through the oil supply passage 27 and flows out from an outlet 27H which is provided on the end portion on the scroll compression mechanism 7 side.
  • the oil supply pump 29 increases a discharge flow rate of the oil according to an increase in a rotational speed of the rotary shaft 19, that is, a rotational speed of the motor 5.
  • the oil supply pump 29 is a positive-displacement pump and a centrifugal pump.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the upper end portion of the rotary shaft 19 penetrates the upper bearing 21, and thus, the upper bearing rotatably supports the rotary shaft 19.
  • a recessed portion 21a is formed on an upper surface of the upper bearing 21 to surround the upper end portion of the rotary shaft 19 penetrating the upper bearing 21.
  • a slide bush 37 described later is accommodated in the recessed portion 21a, and the oil fed via the oil supply passage 27 by the oil supply pump 29 is stored in the recessed portion 21a.
  • a notch 21b is formed on a portion of an outer periphery to have a gap between an inner wall surface of the housing main body 3a and the upper bearing 21.
  • a cover plate 31 is provided below the notch 21b of the upper bearing 21.
  • the cover plate 31 is provided to extend in the vertical direction.
  • the cover plate 31 is formed such that both side ends are curved toward the inner wall surface of the housing main body 3a so as to cover a periphery of the notch 21b, and is formed such that a lower end of the cover plate 31 is gradually bent toward the inner wall surface of the housing main body 3a.
  • the scroll compression mechanism 7 is disposed above the upper bearing 21 in the low-pressure chamber 3A below the discharge cover 13, and includes the fixed scroll 33, the orbiting scroll 35, and the slide bush 37.
  • a spiral fixed wrap 33b is formed on an inner surface (lower surface in Fig. 1 ) of the fixed end plate 33a fixed to the interior space of the housing 3.
  • a discharge hole 33c is formed at the center portion of the fixed end plate 33a.
  • a spiral movable wrap 35b is formed on an inner surface (upper surface in Fig. 1 ) of a movable end plate 35a facing the inner surface of the fixed end plate 33a in the fixed scroll 33.
  • the movable wrap 35b of the orbiting scroll 35 and the fixed wrap 33b of the fixed scroll 33 mesh with each other with their phases shifted from each other, and thus, a compression chamber which is partitioned by the fixed end plate 33a, the movable end plate 35a, the fixed wrap 33b, and the movable wrap 35b is formed.
  • a cylindrical boss 35c to which the eccentric pin 25 of the rotary shaft 19 is connected and an eccentric rotation of the eccentric pin 25 is transmitted is formed on the outer surface (lower surface in Fig. 1 ) of the movable end plate 35a.
  • the boss 35c is disposed on the outlet 27H side of the oil supply passage 27 included in the rotary shaft 19.
  • the outlet 27H of the oil supply passage 27 faces the movable end plate 35a of the orbiting scroll 35.
  • the orbiting scroll 35 orbits while being prevented from rotating on the basis of the eccentric rotation of the eccentric pin 25 by a rotation prevention mechanism 39 such as an Oldham link disposed between the outer surface of the movable end plate 35a and the upper bearing 21.
  • the slide bush 37 is accommodated in the recessed portion 21a of the above-described upper bearing 21, is interposed between the eccentric pin 25 of the rotary shaft 19 and the boss 35c of the orbiting scroll 35, and transmits the rotation of the eccentric pin 25 to the orbiting scroll 35.
  • the slide bush 37 is provided to be slidable in a radial direction of the eccentric pin 25 to maintain meshing between the movable wrap 35b of the orbiting scroll 35 and the fixed wrap 33b of the fixed scroll 33.
  • a space formed by a rear surface 35ab of the orbiting scroll 35 that is, a surface facing the upper bearing 21 of the movable end plate 35a, the recessed portion 21a, and the upper bearing 21 is referred to as a back pressure chamber 50.
  • the back pressure chamber 50 is formed between the orbiting scroll 35 and the upper bearing 21 which rotatably supports the rotary shaft 19 on the orbiting scroll 35 side.
  • the back pressure chamber 50 is connected to the oil drain passage 51.
  • the oil drain passage 51 is provided outside the housing 3, one end of the oil drain passage 51 penetrates the housing 3 and is connected to the back pressure chamber 50, and the other end of the oil drain passage 51 penetrates the housing 3 and is connected to the oil reservoir 3bt provided on the bottom in the housing 3. That is, the oil drain passage 51 is an external pipe through which the back pressure chamber 50 and the oil reservoir 3bt communicate with each other.
  • a flow rate adjusting mechanism which adjusts a flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage 51 is provided in the oil drain passage 51.
  • the flow rate adjusting mechanism is a valve 52 which can adjust a valve opening degree.
  • the valve 52 has a mechanism which changes an area of a portion through which the oil passes.
  • valve 52 there is an electromagnetic on-off valve or an electromagnetic flow rate control valve.
  • the opening degree of the valve 52 is controlled by the control device 53.
  • the control device 53 is a computer having a processor and a memory.
  • the control device 53 may be a control device (not shown) of the air conditioning apparatus 10 on which the scroll compressor 1 is mounted, or may be a dedicated device for controlling an operation of the valve 52.
  • oil drain passage 51 In Figs. 2 and 3 , the case where one oil drain passage 51 is provided is described. However, the number of oil drain passages 51 is not limited, and a plurality of oil drain passages 51 may be provided.
  • the oil drain passage 51 need not necessarily be provided outside the housing 3 and may be provided inside the housing 3, for example. In a case where a plurality of oil drain passages 51 are provided, some oil drain passage 51 may be provided outside the housing 3 and the rest may be provided inside the housing 3.
  • the refrigerant is introduced to the low-pressure chamber 3A in the housing 3 via the suction pipe 9.
  • the refrigerant introduced into the low-pressure chamber 3A is compressed while being sucked into the compression chamber between the fixed scroll 33 and the orbiting scroll 35 according to the orbiting of the orbiting scroll 35.
  • the compressed high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the discharge hole 33c of the fixed scroll 33 to the outer surface side of the fixed end plate 33a, opens the discharge reed valve 13b of the discharge cover 13 by the pressure of the refrigerant, flows into the high-pressure chamber 3B from the opening hole 13a, and is discharged to the outside of the housing 3 via the discharge pipe 11.
  • a pressure in the low-pressure chamber 3A of the scroll compressor 1 is the same as a suction pressure which is a pressure by which the scroll compression mechanism 7 sucks the refrigerant. Accordingly, the orbiting scroll 35 of the scroll compression mechanism 7 receives a force (hereinafter, referred to as a "thrust force") in a direction away from the fixed scroll 33 by the refrigerant during compression of the refrigerant. This force is supported by a thrust bearing 40 installed on the upper surface of the upper bearing 21.
  • the thrust force acts on the thrust bearing 40, and thus, when the orbiting scroll 35 orbits, a loss (hereinafter, referred to as a "thrust loss”) is caused by a friction between the rear surface 35ab of the orbiting scroll 35 and the thrust bearing 40.
  • a loss hereinafter, referred to as a "thrust loss”
  • the thrust force can be reduced by the oil which has flowed into the back pressure chamber 50. That is, in the present embodiment, the oil stored in the oil reservoir 3bt is sucked by the oil supply pump 29, is introduced to the oil supply passage 27, and flows from the outlet 27H of the oil supply passage 27 into the back pressure chamber 50. The oil which has flowed into the back pressure chamber 50 flows to the oil drain passage 51 and is returned to the oil reservoir 3bt on the lower end of the housing main body 3a through the oil drain passage 51. In this case, by controlling the opening degree of the valve 52 provided in the oil drain passage 51, it is possible to adjust the flow rate of the oil flowing out from the back pressure chamber 50, and it is possible to adjust an amount of oil in the back pressure chamber 50.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of valve control processing performed by the control device 53.
  • the control device 53 determines whether or not a rotating speed of the orbiting scroll 35, that is, a rotating speed (hereinafter, referred to as a "compressor rotating speed") R of the scroll compressor 1 is less than a preset first threshold Rth1 (SA1).
  • a rotating speed hereinafter, referred to as a "compressor rotating speed”
  • the opening degree of the valve 52 is set to a preset first opening degree (SA 2).
  • the first opening degree is set to zero, that is, a fully closed state.
  • the valve 52 is temporarily opened. For example, the valve 52 is controlled to a predetermined opening degree larger than the first opening degree, and this state is maintained for a preset second predetermined period (SA4). If the second predetermined period elapses after the valve opening degree is controlled to the predetermined opening degree, the valve 52 is set to the fully closed state again (SA5), and the process returns to Step SA1.
  • the opening degree of the valve in Step SA4 can be appropriately set.
  • the second predetermined period may be set according to the valve opening degree.
  • Step SA1 in a case where the compressor rotating speed R is equal to or more than the first threshold Rth 1 ("NO" in Step SA1), subsequently, it is determined whether the compressor rotating speed R is less than a second threshold Rth2 set to a value larger than the first threshold. (SA6).
  • a second threshold Rth2 set to a value larger than the first threshold.
  • the valve 52 is set to the first opening degree, that is, the fully closed state (SA 7), and the process is returned to Step SA1.
  • Step SA6 in a case where the compressor rotating speed R is equal to or more than the second threshold Rth2 (hereinafter, referred to as a "high speed mode") ("NO" in SA6), the valve opening degree is set to a second opening degree larger than the first opening degree (SA8), and the process is returned to Step SA1.
  • the compressor rotating speed R is equal to or more than the second threshold Rth2 (hereinafter, referred to as a "high speed mode")
  • SA8 the valve opening degree is set to a second opening degree larger than the first opening degree (SA8), and the process is returned to Step SA1.
  • the first threshold Rth1 is set to a range which is equal to or more than an orbital speed corresponding to a case where the scroll compressor 1 is operated at 1/2 capacity of a rated operation and is equal to or less than an orbital speed corresponding to a case where the scroll compressor 1 is operated at a capacity of the rated operation.
  • the first threshold Rth1 a value of 1/2, 1/3, or 1/4 of a maximum orbital speed of the orbiting scroll 35 can be mentioned.
  • the first threshold Rth1 may be the most frequently used orbital speed of the scroll compressor 1. It is preferable that the first threshold Rth1 is preferably set to a rotating speed range which can allow an oil film formation.
  • the second threshold Rth2 is set to a value larger than the first threshold value Rth1 in a range which is equal to or more than the orbital speed corresponding to the case where the scroll compressor 1 is operated at 1/2 capacity of a rated operation and is equal to or less than the orbital speed corresponding to the case where the scroll compressor 1 is operated at the capacity of the rated operation.
  • the "first predetermined period" is set to a time until an oil temperature in the back pressure chamber 50 reaches an upper limit temperature which is set to be equal to or less than a heat resistance temperature of a peripheral member such as the orbiting scroll 35 and the upper bearing 21. For example, by simulating or testing in real machine the temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber 50 under various conditions in advance, this first predetermined period can be set from the results.
  • parameters such as a temperature of a sucked refrigerant, a friction coefficient of the orbiting scroll, an amount of heat given to the back pressure chamber are set to various values, a plurality of simulations are performed, and thus, a temperature increase of the oil in the back pressure chamber 50 is predicted, and an elapsed time until the oil temperature reaches the upper limit temperature is obtained. Accordingly, the first predicted period may be determined from this elapsed time.
  • the temperature of the back pressure chamber 50 can be estimated using a heat generation amount Q 1 from the upper bearing 21 and an exhaust heat amount Qoil which is an amount of heat which escapes along the upper bearing 21.
  • the heat generation amount Q 1 of the upper bearing 21, the oil temperature Toil at a start of test, a temperature Ts of the sucked refrigerant of the scroll compressor 1, and a wall surface temperature Tw of the upper bearing 21 at the start of test are set to values according to various conditions, and a specific heat cg of the oil, a mass mg of the oil, a specific heat cb of the upper bearing 21, a mass mb of the upper bearing 21, a heat transfer coefficient ho of the oil, a heat transfer coefficient hb of the upper bearing 21, a contact length L between the oil and the upper bearing 21, and an area A of the upper bearing 21 are set to values determined from a structure of the scroll compressor 1.
  • the "second predetermined period” is set based on an elapsed time until the temperature of the oil decreases to a preset reference temperature when the valve 52 is changed from the fully closed state to a predetermined opening degree in a case where the temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber 50 is the upper limit temperature.
  • the second predetermined period can also be simulated in advance and can be derived from the simulation result.
  • the predetermined opening degree can be appropriately adopted. However, the exhaust heat can be promoted as the valve opening degree approaches full opening, and thus, the second predetermined period can be set shorter.
  • the valve 52 By performing the control as described above, for example, in a case where the compressor rotating speed R is less than the first threshold Rth1, that is, in a case of the first low speed mode, the valve 52 is set to the fully closed state. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the amount of oil in the back pressure chamber 50, and it is possible to increase the pressure in the back pressure chamber 50. As a result, it is possible to increase the anti-thrust force and it is possible to reduce the thrust loss. Furthermore, after the back pressure chamber 50 is filled with oil, a surplus of the oil flows to a portion between the upper bearing 21 and the orbiting scroll 35. This oil flows into the compression chamber together with the refrigerant, forms an oil film inside the scroll compression mechanism 7, and improves sealing performance. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the efficiency of the scroll compressor 1.
  • valve 52 is fully closed, and thus, a movement of the oil in the back pressure chamber 50 is eliminated, and the oil temperature gradually increases.
  • the valve 52 is temporarily opened, and thus, it is possible to discharge the high temperature oil, which stagnates in the back pressure chamber 50, through the oil drain passage 51. Accordingly, it is possible to decrease the temperature of the oil in the back pressure chamber 50, and an influence of the temperature increase of the oil on peripheral parts can be avoided in advance.
  • the valve 52 is fully closed. Accordingly, similarly to the above-described first low speed mode, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the efficiency of the scroll compressor 1.
  • the control of temporarily opening the valve 52 so as to temporarily increase the flow rate is not performed.
  • the rotating speed is in a middle speed region, and an amount of oil sufficient for the exhaust heat of the sliding portion is pumped from the oil reservoir 3bt to the back pressure chamber 50.
  • an amount of oil sufficient for the exhaust heat of the sliding portion is pumped from the oil reservoir 3bt to the back pressure chamber 50.
  • the oil pumped into the back pressure chamber 50 may flow out from the sliding portion of the orbiting scroll 35 and the fixed scroll 33 and may be returned to the oil reservoir 3bt on the lower portion of the compressor, in addition to the oil drain passage 51.
  • the opening degree of the valve 52 is controlled to a second opening degree D2.
  • the flow rate of the oil increases, and thus, it is possible to suppress an increase in driving power of the oil supply pump 29.
  • the control method therefore, and the air conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment, in a case where the compressor rotating speed R is less than the first threshold Rth1, the valve 52 is set to the fully closed state, and the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage 51 is made zero. Therefore, it is possible to effectively increase the pressure in the back pressure chamber 50 and it is possible to increase the anti-thrust force. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce a loss due to friction when the orbiting scroll 35 orbits in the thrust bearing. As a result, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the efficiency of the scroll compressor 1.
  • valve 52 is temporarily opened every time the first predetermined period elapses after the valve 52 is fully closed, the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage 51 temporarily increases, and thus, it is possible to prevent the oil temperature from increasing too much. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid an influence of heat on a member around the back pressure chamber 50.
  • the compressor rotating speed R is equal to or more than the first threshold Rth1 and less than the second threshold Rth2
  • the state where the valve 52 is fully closed is maintained, as in the first low speed mode, the temporary increase of the flow rate at the predetermined timing is not performed.
  • the opening degree of the valve 52 is made larger than the opening degrees of the first and second low speed modes, and the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage 51 increases. Accordingly, it is possible to sufficiently perform the exhaust heat while reducing a loss caused by a friction when the orbiting scroll orbits by the anti-thrust force.
  • the control of temporarily opening the valve 52 is performed in the case where the elapsed time reaches the first predetermined period after the valve 52 is fully closed (refer to SA3 to SA5 of Fig. 4 ). That is, in the above-described embodiment, the first predetermined period is preset by performing a simulation, a real machine test, or the like in advance, and the valve 52 is temporarily opened and closed using the first predetermined period.
  • the control device 53 of the scroll compressor 1 further includes a temperature estimation unit which estimates the temperature of the back pressure chamber 50, and when a temperature estimated by the temperature estimation unit reaches the upper limit temperature, the control of temporarily opening the valve 52 may be performed.
  • a temperature estimation unit which estimates the temperature of the back pressure chamber 50, and when a temperature estimated by the temperature estimation unit reaches the upper limit temperature, the control of temporarily opening the valve 52 may be performed.
  • the temperature estimation unit for example, it is possible to use an actual measurement value for the temperature of the refrigerant sucked by the above-described scroll compressor 1 and the oil temperature (corresponding to the oil temperature at the start of the test) when the valve 52 is closed. Accordingly, it is possible to reflect an actual ambient environment in the estimation of the oil temperature of the back pressure chamber 50, and to perform temporary opening and closing of the valve 52 at a more appropriate timing.
  • the first opening degree is set to zero, that is, the fully closed state.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the first opening degree may be an opening degree smaller than the second opening degree.
  • the compressor rotating speed R is less than the second threshold, it is possible to discharge a small amount of oil through the oil drain passage 51 by controlling the opening degree of valve 52 to an opening degree that is more open than the fully closed state. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably supply the oil to the sliding portion of the bearing or the like, and thus, the sliding portion can be reliably lubricated.
  • the valve opening degree of the valve 52 by setting the opening degree of the valve 52 to the first opening degree in the case where the compressor rotating speed R is less than the second opening degree, and setting the opening degree of the valve 52 to the second opening degree in the case where the compressor rotating speed R is equal to or more than the second opening degree, the valve opening degree is gradually controlled.
  • the present invention is not limited to this example.
  • the opening degree of the valve 52 may be set to the first opening degree or more in the case where the compressor rotating speed R is less than the second opening degree, and the opening degree of the valve 52 may be set to the second opening degree or more in the case where the compressor rotating speed R is equal to or more than the second opening degree.
  • the opening degree of the valve 52 may be continuously changed according to the compressor rotating speed R.
  • the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage 51 can be optimally adjusted over an entire operating range of the scroll compressor 1, and thus, further suppression of the decrease in the efficiency of the scroll compressor 1 can be expected.
  • the rotating speed (frequency) of the motor may be used or the speed of the orbiting scroll may be used.
  • valve 52 provided in the oil drain passage 51 is exemplified as an example of the flow rate adjusting mechanism.
  • a mechanism for adjusting the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil drain passage 51 is not limited to the valve 52.
  • the valve opening degree of the valve 52 is controlled based on the compressor rotating speed R (the rotating speed of the orbiting scroll 35, the rotating speed of the motor).
  • the invention is not limited to this.
  • the valve opening degree of the valve 52 based on the pressure of the refrigerant may be controlled.
  • a pressure difference between the discharge pressure of the refrigerant discharged by the scroll compressor 1 and the suction pressure of the sucked refrigerant can be used as the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the pressure difference of the refrigerant increases as the rotational speed of the orbiting scroll 35 increases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
EP18850260.3A 2017-08-29 2018-08-07 Scroll compressor, control method therefor, and air conditioning apparatus Active EP3613986B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017164245A JP6896569B2 (ja) 2017-08-29 2017-08-29 スクロール圧縮機及びその制御方法並びに空気調和装置
PCT/JP2018/029516 WO2019044419A1 (ja) 2017-08-29 2018-08-07 スクロール圧縮機及びその制御方法並びに空気調和装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3613986A1 EP3613986A1 (en) 2020-02-26
EP3613986A4 EP3613986A4 (en) 2020-05-06
EP3613986B1 true EP3613986B1 (en) 2021-10-06

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ID=65525337

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EP18850260.3A Active EP3613986B1 (en) 2017-08-29 2018-08-07 Scroll compressor, control method therefor, and air conditioning apparatus

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3613986B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6896569B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN110520623B (ja)
WO (1) WO2019044419A1 (ja)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2023076186A (ja) * 2021-11-22 2023-06-01 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 圧縮機

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0712062A (ja) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd スクロール圧縮機
JP4152678B2 (ja) * 2002-06-13 2008-09-17 松下電器産業株式会社 スクロール圧縮機
JP4298753B2 (ja) * 2007-01-05 2009-07-22 日立アプライアンス株式会社 スクロール圧縮機
EP2392827B1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2017-05-10 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Scroll compressor
JP6167417B2 (ja) * 2015-10-30 2017-07-26 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 スクロール圧縮機及び空気調和装置

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CN110520623A (zh) 2019-11-29
CN110520623B (zh) 2021-08-06
WO2019044419A1 (ja) 2019-03-07
JP2019039414A (ja) 2019-03-14
JP6896569B2 (ja) 2021-06-30
EP3613986A1 (en) 2020-02-26
EP3613986A4 (en) 2020-05-06

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