EP3613095A1 - Segmentierte elektrodeneinheit, batterie und verfahren zum herstellen einer segmentierten elektrodeneinheit - Google Patents
Segmentierte elektrodeneinheit, batterie und verfahren zum herstellen einer segmentierten elektrodeneinheitInfo
- Publication number
- EP3613095A1 EP3613095A1 EP18726921.2A EP18726921A EP3613095A1 EP 3613095 A1 EP3613095 A1 EP 3613095A1 EP 18726921 A EP18726921 A EP 18726921A EP 3613095 A1 EP3613095 A1 EP 3613095A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode unit
- electrode
- current collector
- unit according
- carrier element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011530 conductive current collector Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;nickel;oxocobalt Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Ni].[Co]=O VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006260 polyaryletherketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
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- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 lithium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical class N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004695 VICTREX™ PEEK Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013651 Zenite Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001537 lithium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- MPDOUGUGIVBSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(cyclobutylmethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(NCC2CCC2)=C1 MPDOUGUGIVBSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001317 nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PGNWIWKMXVDXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CC=C2SC([S-])=NC2=C1.C1=CC=C2SC([S-])=NC2=C1 PGNWIWKMXVDXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/75—Wires, rods or strips
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- Segmented electrode unit battery and method for producing a segmented electrode unit
- the present invention relates to an electrode unit for an electrochemical cell, in particular for a battery, comprising an electrode and a current collector element which is in area-contact with the electrode.
- the present invention relates to a battery comprising two electrode units which are separated by a layered separator element and which each comprise an electrode and a current collector element which is in area-contact with the electrode.
- the invention relates to a method for producing an electrode unit for an electrochemical cell, in particular for a battery, which electrode unit comprises an electrode and a current collector element which is in area-contact with the electrode.
- a measuring device for measuring the current and temperature distribution for fuel cells is known.
- a plurality of measuring resistors is applied to a circuit board.
- these measuring resistors must be calibrated depending on the temperature.
- the current collector element comprises at least two separate pantograph segments that the at least two pantograph segments each have a first pantograph. have segment contact surface and that the first pantograph segment contact surfaces are in surface contact with the electrode.
- the solution proposed according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to measure a current distribution and accordingly also an impedance distribution in a spatially resolved battery without measuring resistors.
- This is achieved by a segmentation of the current collector element.
- the currents flowing through each pantograph segment can be measured separately. This is possible without any measuring resistors.
- the current flowing through the respective pantograph segment is measured directly.
- a number of the required layers for forming the electrode unit can thus be minimized, since no separate lines for calibrating the measuring resistors are required.
- Such a measuring arrangement can be provided, which enables the spatially resolved measurement of currents from or to the electrode.
- the measurement order formed by the current collector segments simultaneously forms the current collector element, so that the measuring arrangement is part of the electrode unit and thus also part of the battery.
- the pantograph element comprises a plurality of pantograph segments.
- the number of pantograph segments can basically be set as desired, so that the spatial resolution of the current measurement can be predetermined in the desired manner by the number and shape of the pantograph segments.
- the at least two current collector segments are arranged on a carrier element.
- the carrier element enables a mechanically stable and easily handled electrode unit train.
- the electrode is formed of an active electrode material that is not self-supporting, in particular porous, so the current collector segments can be arranged or formed on the support member and carry the electrode.
- the pantograph segments then serve simultaneously as a support for the electrode and thus give it a sufficient mechanical stability.
- the carrier element is formed deformable.
- it may be bendable, foldable or rollable.
- This configuration makes it possible, in particular, to realize different types of batteries, for example rolled-up and therefore cylindrical designs or cuboidal batteries formed by layers of electrode units.
- the at least two current collector segments each have a second current collector segment contact surface, that the carrier element has a first carrier element surface, and that the second current collector segment contact surfaces are in surface contact with the first carrier element surface.
- a layer structure of the electrode unit can be realized with a minimum number of layers.
- the flat connection between the carrier element and the current collector segments allows a simple layered structure of the electrode unit.
- a particularly simple construction of the electrode unit can be achieved, in particular, by virtue of the fact that the first current collector segment contact areas and the second current collector segment contact areas are identical or essentially identical.
- the surfaces of the current collector segments which are in contact with the electrode on the one hand and with the carrier on the other hand, are of identical design, so that a uniform flow of current through the current collector segments can be established transversely to the collector pad contact surfaces.
- the carrier element is self-supporting.
- the carrier element has a maximum thickness of 1 mm.
- the thickness can be at most 0.5 mm.
- the thickness can amount to a maximum of 50 ⁇ . The thinner the carrier element is, the easier it is to deform the carrier element, in particular also with current collector segments arranged thereon and an electrode formed thereon.
- the carrier element is formed from an electrically non-conductive carrier element material. In this way it can be prevented that the currents flowing through the individual pantograph segments can not be measured separately.
- the carrier element material has a volume resistivity of at least 10 10 ohm-cm and / or a surface resistivity of at least 10 13 ohms.
- a spatial separation of the pantograph segments and thus an insulation of the same relative to one another via the support element can be achieved in a simple and secure manner.
- the carrier element material is liquid-tight or impermeable to liquids.
- the carrier element material may be hydrophobic.
- the described properties make it possible in particular to use the carrier element as a seal of the electrode unit. In particular, it is thus possible to prevent an electrolyte from escaping from a separator layer arranged or formed between two electrode units and thus from the electrochemical cell, in particular from a battery.
- the carrier element material is oxidation-stable and stable in reduction in a voltage range from 0 V to about 10 V. par- In addition, the described stability in a voltage range of 0 V to about 5 V can be achieved by appropriate choice of the carrier element material.
- the carrier element material is rigid or flexible.
- Rigid carrier element materials enable a stable construction of the electrode unit. In particular, these can be used if no deformable electrode units are to be formed.
- Flexible carrier element materials make it possible, in particular, to roll up and / or fold the electrode units in order, for example, to be able to form cylindrical batteries.
- the electrode unit can be formed in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner if the carrier material is a plastic.
- the plastic may be a liquid crystal polymer (FKP) and / or a polyaryletherketone.
- the plastic may be polyetheretherketone (PEEK).
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- the carrier element material is chemically stable to lithium and / or organic electrolytes and / or conductive salts and / or an electrode material from which the electrode is formed.
- a long-term stable electrode unit can be formed.
- the carrier element material has a modulus of elasticity of at most about 15 GPa.
- the modulus of elasticity may be at most 5 GPa.
- flexible deformable carrier elements can be formed.
- the at least two current collector segments are formed liquid-tight or impermeable to liquids. In particular, they may be hydrophobic.
- the current collector element is formed from an electrically highly conductive current collector element material.
- the pantograph segments are correspondingly conductive and allow a good derivative of the flowing currents.
- the electrode unit can be formed simply and inexpensively if the current collector element material is metallic.
- the pantograph element material is or contains copper or aluminum. These materials are easy and safe to process.
- the current collector element material has an electrical conductivity of at least about 1 MS / m.
- the current collector element material has an electrical conductivity of at least about 1 MS / m.
- the current collector element material is chemically stable with respect to lithium and / or organic electrolytes and / or conductive salts and / or the electrode material.
- the current collector element material is liquid-tight or impermeable to liquids.
- the first current collector segment contact surface is coated or sealed. In this way it can be prevented that in particular an electrolyte can penetrate from the electrode into the current collector segments.
- a coating or sealing of the first pantograph segment contact surface contains gold or consists of gold.
- a secure sealing of the pantograph segments to the electrode can be achieved.
- the at least two current collector segments have a thickness in a range of approximately 0.2 ⁇ m to approximately 10 ⁇ m.
- the thickness corresponds to a distance between the first pantograph segment contact surface and the second pantograph segment contact surface.
- the electrode is formed from a porous electrode material. It can be so well penetrated by an electrolyte. Furthermore, it is also possible to use materials for forming the electrode that are not dimensionally stable themselves. This ultimately does not matter because the electrode is connected flat to the pantograph segments.
- the electrode material is or contains lithium, graphite, silicon and / or sulfur.
- the electrode material may be or contain lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, lithium iron phosphate and / or lithium titanate.
- metal-sulfur batteries can be formed.
- the electrode material has a porosity of at most about 0.3.
- the porosity can be at most about 0.2.
- the electrode has a maximum thickness of 100 ⁇ m. In particular, it may have a maximum thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- thin electrodes have the advantage that overall more compact and lighter batteries can be formed.
- a particularly simple construction of the electrode unit can be achieved, in particular, in that the first current collector segment contact surfaces of the at least two current collector segments are identical or essentially identical.
- all pantograph segments can be identical.
- the at least two current collector segments are arranged in a grid.
- the spatial resolution of a current distribution of the battery can be specified by the grid.
- the pantograph segments can be arranged in a grid when the first pantograph segment contact surfaces are polygonal. In particular, they may be triangular, square or hexagonal. Depending on the shape of the electrode, it may also be advantageous if the first current collector segment contact surfaces are oval, in particular circular, or oval segment-shaped, in particular circular segment-shaped.
- each of the at least two current collector segments is assigned a contact device.
- the contact device makes it possible, in particular, to connect each current collector segment to a current-measuring device in an electrically conductive and individual manner. Thus, currents flowing through the individual pantograph segments can be easily and safely measured.
- the carrier element has a second carrier element surface, that the contact devices are arranged or formed on the second carrier element surface and that each one of the at least two Current collector segments associated contact device is electrically connected to its associated pantograph segment.
- This embodiment makes it possible in particular in a simple manner to connect the individual current collector segments with a current measuring device.
- the contacting or connection with the contact device can take place on one side of the carrier element, which is not in direct contact with the current collector segments.
- each current collector segment and its associated contact device are electrically conductively connected to one another via an electrically conductive connection and when the electrically conductive connection is guided through an opening of the carrier element which connects the first carrier element surface and the second carrier element surface.
- the openings of the carrier element allow in a simple manner a connection of the current collector segments with the associated contact device.
- each contact device is electrically conductively connected or connectable to a current measuring device.
- a plurality of current measuring devices can be provided in order to be able to separate the currents flowing through the at least two pantograph segments, but to be able to measure them simultaneously.
- the electrode is segmented in accordance with the at least two current collector segments and comprises at least two, in particular a plurality, of electrode segments. In this way, it can be ensured, in particular, that all currents flowing out of or flowing to the electrode flow through the at least two current collector segments.
- the electrode unit becomes particularly simple if it comprises a single electrode. This then covers all pantograph segments. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the electrode unit has at least one temperature measuring device for the spatially resolved measurement of an electrode temperature and / or a current collector temperature. The at least one temperature measuring device is thus optionally provided in order to determine locally resolved temperatures at the electrode unit.
- each of the pantograph segments is assigned a temperature measuring device.
- each of the pantograph segments can be assigned a temperature measuring device. In particular, it can thus be easily determined whether a relationship exists between the current distribution and the temperature distribution or not.
- the electrode unit can be formed in a simple manner if the at least one temperature measuring device is designed in the form of a temperature measuring resistor.
- temperatures can be measured simply and reliably, for example by connecting to a constant current source and measuring an applied voltage, which depends on the temperature.
- the at least one temperature measuring device is arranged or formed on or in the carrier element.
- the temperature measuring device can be applied to the carrier element as a separate temperature measuring resistor.
- it can also be arranged in a recess of the carrier element.
- the temperature measuring resistor may also be applied in the form of a meandering temperature measuring line to the carrier element or in a recess thereof.
- the at least one temperature measuring device is preferably in thermal contact with the carrier element and / or the current collector element or at least one current collector segment, so that the temperature measuring device has the same or substantially the same temperature as the current collector element or the current collector segment.
- the at least one temperature measuring device is arranged or formed on the second carrier element surface.
- the temperature measuring device can be easily contacted in order to connect them in particular to a current or voltage source.
- Such a formed battery then also has the advantages described above in connection with preferred embodiments of electrode units.
- the object stated in the introduction is further achieved in a method of the type described above in that at least two separate current collector segments are formed to form the current collector element, that the at least two current collector segments each have a first current collector contact surface and that the electrode is applied flatly to the first current collector contact surfaces is used to make a surface contact between the electrode and the at least two pantograph segments.
- the development proposed according to the invention makes it possible in particular to use electrodes which are formed from a non-self-supporting electrode material for the production of electrode units of a battery.
- the at least two pantograph segments then virtually form a support for the electrode. It is advantageous if the at least two current collector segments are applied to a carrier element. In particular, this can be achieved by lamination.
- a measuring arrangement comprising the carrier element and the at least two current collector segments can be formed in a simple manner.
- the at least two current collector segments are applied to the carrier element before the electrode is applied to the current collector element.
- the at least two current collector segments are thus first applied to the carrier element and then themselves serve as carriers for the electrode.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of a battery
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an electrode unit with segmented current collector
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a battery with two electrode units with segmented pantograph
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an electrode unit with temperature measuring devices
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a partial sectional view through a carrier element with segmented current collector element and temperature measuring devices
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a partial sectional view of a further embodiment of a carrier element with segmented pantograph element and temperature measuring devices
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic, partially sectioned illustration of a flat-type battery with a segmented electrode unit
- Figure 8 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of a carrier element with four square current collector segments arranged in a grid
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic arrangement of a carrier element with three
- Pantograph segments of different sizes are possible.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a battery, generally designated by the reference numeral 10, in particular a rechargeable battery 10.
- a battery case 12 two electrodes 16 and 18 separated by a separator 14 are arranged.
- the electrode 18 may form the anode of the battery 10, the electrode 18 the cathode 22.
- the electrode 16 is on its side facing away from the separator 14 with a first current collector 24 in contact surface. Likewise, the electrode 18 is in surface contact with a second current collector 26.
- the current collectors 24 and 24 are also referred to as pantograph elements.
- the first current collector 24 is connected to a current collector contact element 28, which is led out through the battery housing 12 from this.
- a second current collector contact element 30 is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the second current collector 26. the and also led out through the battery case 12 from the battery 10.
- the first and second current collector contact elements 28 and 30, which are formed in the form of so-called current collector lugs, allow a user to connect the pantograph contact elements 28 and 30 with an electrical load or in particular with a charging device, if the battery 10 is a rechargeable battery 10 is.
- the separator 14 may contain an electrolyte which allows the exchange of ions between the electrodes 16 and 18 through the separator 14.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery 10. Identical elements and assemblies are therefore designated in Figure 2 and all other figures with identical reference numerals.
- the battery 10 illustrated in FIG. 2 comprises a first electrode 16, which is arranged between the separator 14 and the first current collector 24.
- the first current collector contact element 28 is led out of the battery 10 through the battery housing 12.
- the battery 10 from FIG. 2 differs from the battery 10 shown in FIG. 1 in particular in that the second current collector 26 comprises a plurality of current collector segments 32.
- the pantograph segments 32 include first pantograph segment contact surfaces 34 that are in surface contact with the electrode 18.
- the electrode 18 may be formed in the form of a continuous electrode 18 forming an electrode layer as shown in FIG. 1 and made of an active electrode material.
- FIG. 1 an alternative embodiment is shown schematically.
- the electrode 18 comprises a plurality of electrode segments 36, wherein each current collector segment 32 is assigned an electrode segment 36, which is in area contact with the first current collector segment contact surface 34 of a current collector segment 32.
- the pantograph segments 32 further include second pantograph segment contact surfaces 40 that are parallel or substantially parallel to the first pantograph segment contact surfaces 34 and face away therefrom in the opposite direction.
- the second current collector segment contact surfaces 40 of the current collector segments 32 abut against a first carrier element surface 42 of a carrier element 44, that is, they are in planar contact with the first carrier element surface 42.
- the carrier element 44 furthermore has a second carrier element surface 46, which runs parallel or substantially parallel to the first carrier element surface 42 and points in the opposite direction to it.
- a contact device 48 in the form of an electrically conductive printed circuit board contact 50 is arranged on the second carrier element surface 46.
- Each contact device 48 is electrically conductively connected via an electrically conductive connection 52 to a current collector segment 32.
- the connection 52 is guided through an opening 54, shown schematically in dashed lines in FIG. 2, of the carrier element 54.
- the opening 54 connects the first carrier element surface 42 and the second carrier element surface 46 with each other.
- Each contact device 48 is electrically conductively connected to a connecting line 56 which leads out of the battery housing 12 and connected to a current measuring device 58 or is connectable.
- Second connection contacts of the parallel connected current measuring devices 58 are guided via a common return line 60 to a further current measuring device 62, whose further connection contact with the first current collector contact element 28 is electrically connected via a connecting line 64.
- the currents I s flowing through the associated current collector segments 32 can thus be measured.
- the total current I G flowing through all the current collector segments 32 can be measured. Due to the parallel arrangement of the current measuring devices 58, the total current I G should be able to be measured with the current measuring device 52 as the sum of all partial currents I s flowing through the current collector segments 32.
- a spatially resolved one in the battery 10 through the second current collector 26 flowing total current I G can be measured spatially resolved by measuring all flowing through the current collector segments 32 substreams I s .
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery 10. It comprises an electrode unit 38 arranged on the carrier element 44 and a second electrode unit 138 which is arranged on a further carrier element 144. Between the two segmented electrodes 16 and 18, the separator 14 is arranged.
- the second carrier element 144 corresponds in its construction to the carrier element 44. It carries a plurality of current collector segments 132, which also correspond in their structure to the pantograph segments 32.
- the carrier element 144 comprises a plurality of apertures 154, through which electrically conductive connections 152 are guided, which electrically conductively connect the current collector segments 132 applied to the first carrier element surface 142 to the contact devices 148 arranged on the second carrier element surface 146.
- Connecting lines 156 connect the contactors 148 to current measuring devices 158.
- the current measuring devices 158 With the current measuring devices 158, currents flowing to or from the respective current collector segment 132 can be measured.
- the sum of all currents I s measured with the current measuring devices 158 should correspond to the sum of all currents I s measured with the current measuring devices 158.
- the respective currents I s flowing through the current collector segments 32 and 132 may differ, in particular as a function of a size of the respective current collector segments 32.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery 10, specifically in the form of a schematic plan view of the second carrier element surface 46.
- the support member 44 covers the electrode unit 38 and the separator 14 and the further electrode 16 together with the first current collector 24.
- the structure of the battery 10, as shown in Figure 4 thus basically correspond to the structure of the battery in Figure 2.
- four current collector segments 32 are shown by dashed lines as an example, which are located behind the carrier element 44.
- the contact device 48 are each electrically conductively connected to one of the four current collector segments 32. Electrically conductive interconnects 66 connect the contact devices 48 with connection contacts 68, which are arranged or formed on the second carrier element surface 46.
- connection contacts 68 can in particular be electrically conductively connected to the lead-out from the battery housing 12 connecting line 56 with current measuring devices 58.
- the current measuring devices 62 are part of a signal evaluation device designated overall by the reference numeral 70.
- three temperature measuring devices 72 are furthermore provided, which are designed in the form of temperature-dependent measuring resistors. They are arranged in thermal contact with the carrier element 44 standing on the second carrier element surface 46.
- the measuring resistors 74 are connected via two interconnects 76 with connection contacts 78.
- One of the connection contacts 78 is connected to a voltage measuring device 80 encompassed by the signal evaluation device 70 via a connecting line 82.
- Another connecting line 84 connects the voltage measuring device 80 to one pole of a current source 86.
- Another pole of the current source 86 is connected via a further connecting line 88 to the other of the two connecting contacts 78.
- the voltage measuring device 80 can be used to measure the voltage drop across the measuring resistor 74. Since this is temperature-dependent, can indirectly via the determined resistance of the measuring resistor 74 the Temperature of the measuring resistor 74 and thus indirectly the temperature of the support member 44 and the support member 44 in thermal contact with the current collector segment 32 are determined.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic sectional illustration through part of the battery 10 sketched in FIG.
- the temperature measuring devices 72 in the form of the measuring resistors 74 are arranged on the second carrier element surface 46 of the carrier element 44. They can be applied as separate components on the carrier element 44 and connected to the conductor tracks 76.
- the measuring resistors 74 can also be applied to the second carrier element surface 46 in the form of meander-shaped conductor track sections. This allows a particularly flat construction of the battery 10.
- the distance 90 between the centers of gravity of the measuring resistors 74 and the centers of gravity of the current collector segments 32 is much larger than a thickness 92 of the carrier element 44.
- FIG. 5 also clearly shows that the current collector segments 32 are arranged spatially separated from one another on the carrier element 44 so that they are electrically isolated from each other.
- FIG. 6 partially shows a schematic sectional view through an alternative exemplary embodiment of a battery 10.
- the temperature measuring devices 72 are not disposed on the second support member surface 46, but in recesses 94 of the support member 44.
- the recesses 94 may be formed in particular in the form of openings of the support member 44, so that the measuring resistors 74 in direct thermal Contact with the second pantograph segment contact surfaces 40 stand. Through these arrangements tion can be determined directly with the measuring resistors 74, the temperature at the pantograph segments 32 in the manner described above.
- Figure 7 shows an example of a partially sectioned view of a battery 10 in the form of a flat-type lithium-ion battery.
- the reference numerals used in Figure 7 correspond to the reference numerals used above in connection with Figures 1 to 6.
- the electrical construction of the battery 10 in FIG. 7 essentially corresponds to the battery 10 shown in FIG.
- a plurality of current collector segments 32 are arranged in a square grid.
- the majority of the pantograph segments 32 has a square first pantograph segment contact surface 34 which is formed identically to the second pantograph segment contact surface 40 which bears against the first backing member surface 42.
- the four current collector segments 32 arranged in the corners of the second current collector 26 are circular segment-shaped. In other words, their first and second pantograph segment contact surfaces 34 and 40 form a quarter circle.
- the second current collector 26 is covered with the electrode 18, which in turn is separated from the electrode 16 by the separator 14.
- On the electrode 16 lies flat on the first pantograph 24 which is electrically connected to the first current collector contact element 28. This is led out of the battery case 12.
- connecting lines 56 which, as described above in connection with FIG. 2, are connected to contact devices 48 (not illustrated in FIG. 7) on the second carrier element surface 46.
- FIG. 7 shows four such connecting lines 56.
- each of the current collector segments 32 could be assigned its own connecting line 56.
- one or more temperature measuring devices 72 could furthermore be arranged on the second carrier element surface 46 or in recesses 94 of the carrier element 44 in the manner described. For fede temperature measuring device 72 then two connecting lines 82, 88 would lead out of the battery case 12.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 show, by way of example, different geometries of the current collector segments 32.
- the current collector segments 132 could also be arranged on the carrier element 144.
- a circular disk-shaped carrier 44 is selected, on which four identical current collector segments 32 are arranged. These have the shape of a quarter-circle segment.
- a square support member 44 is exemplified. On this four arranged in a square grid square pantograph segments 32 are arranged.
- the current collector segments 32 do not necessarily have to be identically formed.
- two square collector segments 32 are arranged on the first carrier element surface 42 of the square carrier element 44, as well as a rectangular current collector segment approximately twice as large.
- the support elements 44 and 144 may be formed in particular deformable, for example, bendable, foldable or rollable.
- the support elements 44 and 144 may be formed in particular self-supporting. They then form, as it were, a kind of circuit board for the current collectors 24 and 26 arranged thereon in a layered manner and the electrodes 16 and 18 applied thereto.
- the thickness 92 of the carrier element is at most about 1 mm, in particular less than 0.5 mm. With deformable carrier elements 44, 144, the thickness 92 is at most about 50 ⁇ .
- the carrier elements 44, 144 are preferably formed from an electrically non-conductive carrier material.
- an electrically non-conductive carrier material may be a liquid crystal polymer (FKP), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and the material mixtures liquid crystal polymer polyimide or liquid crystal polymer FR-4.
- FKP liquid crystal polymer
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- Polyimide and FR-4 are common circuit board materials whose properties can be optimized as composites with liquid crystal polymers. The materials mentioned are available under different trade names.
- Liquid crystal polymers are thermoplastic polymers whose side chains have a liquid-crystalline arrangement. Examples of these trade names Vectra ® may be mentioned Ticona, XYDAR® ® Amoco / Solvay companies and Zenite ® DuPont.
- Polyetheretherketone is a high-temperature resistant thermoplastic polymer which belongs to the group of polyaryletherketones.
- FR-4 is a composite of epoxy resin and fiberglass fabric. Only rigid or substantially non-deformable carrier elements 44, 144 can be formed with this carrier element material.
- the mentioned carrier element materials can, as described, be made very thin, namely with a thickness 92 of less than 50 ⁇ m. This allows a high flexibility of the support member 44, 144 and thus also a use in a battery round cell with wound electrodes 16, 18th
- the carrier element materials described may be laminated or applied to a thin carrier foil made of copper, aluminum, nickel or stainless steel in order to form the carrier elements 44, 144.
- the carrier element materials are also gas-tight and electrolyte-repellent due to their hydrophobic properties.
- liquid crystal polymer Vectra ® AI 15 with 15% glass fiber reinforcement results in a thermal resistance of more than 250 ° C.
- This material is suitable for high-frequency circuits up to 110 GHz, so that impedance measurements with a frequency of up to 1 MHz and more can be carried out.
- the density is less than 2.0 g / cm 3 .
- a water absorption at saturation in water is less than 0.05%.
- An elongation at break is greater than 4%, a flexural modulus at 23 ° C is about 12400 MPa.
- a bending strength at 23 ° C is about 250 MPa.
- the surface resistivity of this material is greater than 10 15 ⁇ .
- a specific volume resistivity is greater than 10 15 ⁇ -cm.
- the electrical breakdown strength is greater than 30 kV / mm.
- the material is assigned to flame retardant class V-0.
- the polyether ether available under the trade name VICTREX ® has a thermal resistance of more than 250 ° C at a density of less than 1.5 g / cm 3. A water absorption at saturation in water) is less than 0.5%.
- the modulus of elasticity is 4300 MPa, the
- An elongation at break is about 20%, the flexural modulus 4100 MPa, the flexural strength 172 MPa.
- the specific surface resistance is about 10 13 ⁇ , the volume resistivity 10 14 ⁇ -cm.
- the dielectric strength of this material is 24 kV / mm.
- the two mentioned carrier element materials have a high chemical resistance to metallic lithium, organic and inorganic see solvents, especially battery electrolytes and conductive salts.
- these materials are ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), ⁇ -butyrolactone ( ⁇ -BL), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), dimethoxymethane (DMM), dimetho - xyethane (DME), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium tetrachloroaluminate (LiAICI 4 ), lithium perchlorate (LiCI0 4 ), lithium bis (oxalato) borate
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVDF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropene
- the electrodes 16 and 18 can in particular be formed from lithium-containing electrode materials such as, in particular, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NCM), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), Lithium titanate (LTO), graphite, silicon and / or sulfur.
- lithium-containing electrode materials such as, in particular, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NCM), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), Lithium titanate (LTO), graphite, silicon and / or sulfur.
- a thickness of the electrodes 16, 18 is a maximum of 50 pm.
- a surface of the electrodes 16, 18 is basically freely selectable depending on the application.
- a standard size is about 5 x 5 cm 2 .
- the current collectors 24 and 26 have a surface corresponding to the electrode surface. They are first applied to the carrier elements 44, 144. Preferably, the electrode material forming the electrodes 16, 18, also referred to as active electrode material, is applied to the current collectors 24, 26 after these have been applied to the carrier elements 44, 46.
- a temperature measurement in the battery 10 can be optionally provided.
- selected or all current collector segments 32 of the carrier elements 44, 144 current measuring devices 58, 158 can be assigned.
- the fact that preferably the carrier elements 44, 144 are made very thin results in a thermal equilibrium between the highly conductive current collector segments 32 formed from a metal and the second carrier element surface of the carrier elements 44, 144.
- a device mounted on the second carrier element surface 46, 146 Measuring resistor 74 then ultimately measures the temperature of the associated pantograph segment 32, 132.
- connections 52, 152 are not in electrically conductive connection with the measuring resistors 74.
- the measuring resistors 74 may in particular have a defined temperature-dependent change in resistance, for example 4 ⁇ per Kelvin.
- the measuring resistors 74 can be implemented with 1 k ⁇ or via a defined strip conductor resistance from a copper meandering system.
- the measuring resistors 74 can be surface-mounted as described or formed in the form of conductor resistances.
- a defined current can thus be conducted from the current source 86 for temperature measurement by the temperature-dependent measuring resistors 74.
- the measuring resistor has a characteristic which describes its temperature-dependent resistance characteristic.
- the temperature of the measuring resistor 74 can be determined in this way. It is important that the current provided by the current source 86 is chosen small enough so that the measuring resistor 74 does not heat up due to the flowing current. For example, if the applied current is 1 mA, the tapped voltage of a sense resistor 74 may change by 4 mV per Kelvin if the temperature-dependent sense resistor changes by 4 ⁇ per Kelvin. Such voltage changes can be detected easily and reliably with commercially available multimeters.
- the use of measuring resistors 74 with known temperature characteristics has the advantage that a time-consuming calibration, as described in DE 103 16 117 B3, can be omitted.
- the batteries described can be used in particular in the manufacture of rechargeable batteries, in research, in quality control, for mobile devices and power tools. They can also be used in the automotive industry and in the aerospace industry.
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Abstract
Description
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DE102017108313 | 2017-04-19 | ||
DE102017109233.1A DE102017109233A1 (de) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-28 | Segmentierte Elektrodeneinheit, Batterie und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer segmentierten Elektrodeneinheit |
PCT/EP2018/059977 WO2018193010A1 (de) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | Segmentierte elektrodeneinheit, batterie und verfahren zum herstellen einer segmentierten elektrodeneinheit |
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EP18726921.2A Pending EP3613095A1 (de) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | Segmentierte elektrodeneinheit, batterie und verfahren zum herstellen einer segmentierten elektrodeneinheit |
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DE102022130869A1 (de) | 2022-11-22 | 2024-05-23 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur ortsaufgelösten Messung elektrischen Widerstands |
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DE10213478A1 (de) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-12-24 | Ralf Kraume | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung oder Vorgabe der Stromdichteverteilung und des ortsaufgelösten Stoffumsatzes bei elektrochemischen Reaktionen |
DE10316117B3 (de) | 2003-04-04 | 2004-04-29 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Meßvorrichtung zur Messung der lokalen Stromverteilung/Wärmeverteilung an einer elektrochemischen Elektrode |
US20090103242A1 (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-23 | Axion Power International, Inc. | Electrode with Reduced Resistance Grid and Hybrid Energy Storage Device Having Same |
US9413035B2 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2016-08-09 | Johnson Controls Technology Llc | Electrochemical cell having interrupted electrodes |
EP2806476A1 (de) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-11-26 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. | Elektrochemische Zelle |
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