EP3602599B1 - Überstromschutzvorrichtung - Google Patents

Überstromschutzvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3602599B1
EP3602599B1 EP18712882.2A EP18712882A EP3602599B1 EP 3602599 B1 EP3602599 B1 EP 3602599B1 EP 18712882 A EP18712882 A EP 18712882A EP 3602599 B1 EP3602599 B1 EP 3602599B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
overcurrent protection
protection device
trigger
triggering
actuation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18712882.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3602599A1 (de
Inventor
Maximilian SCHAUTZGY
Thomas Schiepp
Markus Laufenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETO Magnetic GmbH
Original Assignee
ETO Magnetic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3602599A1 publication Critical patent/EP3602599A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3602599B1 publication Critical patent/EP3602599B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/48—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having both electrothermal and electromagnetic automatic release
    • H01H73/50—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having both electrothermal and electromagnetic automatic release reset by lever
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/48—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having both electrothermal and electromagnetic automatic release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/323—Thermally-sensitive members making use of shape memory materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/145—Electrothermal mechanisms using shape memory materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/60—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism cartridge type, e.g. screw-in cartridge
    • H01H73/66—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism cartridge type, e.g. screw-in cartridge having combined electrothermal and electromagnetic release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H2071/407—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms the thermal element being heated by the coil of the electromagnetic mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/127—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using piezoelectric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive trip units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an overcurrent protection device according to claim 1.
  • Overcurrent protection switches are known from the prior art which comprise an electromagnetic short-circuit current release and a thermal overcurrent protection release. Electromagnetic short-circuit current releases often have a release armature that works according to the reluctance principle. Furthermore, overcurrent protection releases often include bimetal releases. From the DE 10 2004 056 283 A1 an overcurrent circuit breaker is known which comprises a strike armature and two snap bodies, one of which is formed from a thermal bimetal and one from a magnetic shape memory material. A current to be monitored flows through a coil and, in the event of a short circuit, generates a magnetic field which causes deformation of the snap body made of the magnetic shape memory material.
  • an overcurrent circuit breaker with a trip coil and a trip element made of a magnetic shape memory material, which can be deformed by means of a trip coil carrying a current to be monitored is also known.
  • an overcurrent switch with a tripping element made of a magnetic shape memory material is known, to which a coil-free conductor section is assigned, through which a current to be monitored flows.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to provide a generic overcurrent protection device with advantageous properties in terms of construction.
  • a further object of the invention is in particular to achieve high reliability.
  • Another object of the invention is, in particular, to reduce the number of parts. The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1, while advantageous Refinements and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
  • the invention relates to an overcurrent protection device for a circuit to be monitored, with at least one tripping unit, which is provided to interrupt the circuit in at least one tripping event, and the at least one conductor section which is used to conduct a current to be monitored, in particular one in the one to be monitored Circuit current flowing, is provided, at least one trigger element which has at least one magnetically and thermally deformable material and is provided in the event of triggering to a thermally and / or magnetically induced deformation depending on a current flowing through the conductor section, and at least one with the Triggering element in operative connection actuating element which is provided for transmitting at least one actuating movement and / or at least one actuating force to at least one interrupter switch.
  • the configuration according to the invention makes it possible to achieve advantageous properties with regard to a construction and / or a method of construction.
  • a high level of reliability can advantageously be achieved.
  • a high degree of flexibility with regard to an adaptation of a triggering behavior can be achieved.
  • a variety of parts can advantageously be reduced.
  • a common and / or individual release element can be provided which replaces two differently designed release elements, in particular a short-circuit release element and an overload release element.
  • a quick reaction time of a circuit breaker can preferably be achieved.
  • an overcurrent protection device can be provided whose tripping currents and / or tripping delays and / or tripping times can be set easily and / or in a controlled manner, in particular by means of a selection of suitable materials and / or geometries of a tripping element and / or a conductor element and / or magnetizable and / or non-magnetizable components.
  • an at least substantially maintenance-free overcurrent protection device can be provided.
  • a compact design and / or simple installation can advantageously be made possible.
  • an "overcurrent protection device” should be understood to mean in particular at least one component, in particular a tripping and / or monitoring component, of an overcurrent circuit breaker, in particular a line circuit breaker, advantageously a low-voltage circuit breaker, but in particular also a high-voltage circuit breaker, for example an automatic circuit breaker.
  • the overcurrent protection device is intended for use in and / or for installation in an overcurrent protection switch.
  • the overcurrent protection device and / or the overcurrent protection switch is advantageously provided to protect the circuit and / or its lines from an overload and / or an overcurrent and / or a short-circuit current.
  • “Provided” is to be understood in particular as specifically programmed, designed and / or equipped.
  • the fact that an object is provided for a specific function is to be understood in particular to mean that the object fulfills and / or executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state.
  • the tripping event includes an overcurrent event, in particular a short circuit event and / or an overload event.
  • the triggering event in particular in the event of an overload, can include a thermal triggering event.
  • the triggering event in particular in the event of a short circuit, can include a magnetic triggering event.
  • the trigger element is preferably provided both for thermally induced deformation, in particular in the event of an overload, and for magnetically induced deformation, in particular in the event of a short circuit.
  • the thermally induced deformation and / or magnetically induced deformation particularly preferably comprises at least one change in length of the trigger element, in particular along its longitudinal axis.
  • the trigger element is advantageously provided to generate the actuation movement and / or the actuation force, in particular directly on the basis of the thermally induced deformation and / or the magnetically induced deformation.
  • the actuation movement is advantageously a stroke and / or a change in the longitudinal extension of the release element. It is also conceivable that the trigger element is provided to generate the actuation force and / or the actuation movement due to a deformation in a direction at an angle and / or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the trigger element.
  • the current is greater than a limit current, in particular a limit current customary in households.
  • the release unit can be used for Any limit currents can be designed, for example for limit currents between 1 A and 100 A, but also for, in particular, significantly larger or significantly smaller limit currents.
  • a person skilled in the art will sensibly choose a corresponding limit current.
  • a trigger characteristic can be adapted to DIN EN 60898-1 (VDE 0641-11).
  • the current in the case of overload is in particular smaller than in the case of a short circuit.
  • the current in the overload case is greater than the limit current and less than an overload limit current, wherein the overload limit current can be, for example, 100 A or 200 A or 300 A or 400 A or any particular current in between.
  • the current in the short-circuit current is, in particular, greater than the overload limit current, for example greater than 300 A or 400 A or 475 A or 500 A, with intermediate currents or in particular significantly higher currents also being conceivable.
  • the thermal tripping case there is an overcurrent for a longer period of time than in the magnetic tripping case before the tripping element actuates the interrupter switch.
  • the conductor section advantageously forms part of the circuit to be monitored or a circuit together with the circuit to be monitored.
  • the conductor section preferably comprises a coil or is part of a coil.
  • the conductor section is designed as an in particular straight or curved, preferably non-wound or multiply wound conductor, in particular a single conductor.
  • the conductor section preferably heats up in the event of a trip, in particular in the event of a thermal trip, in particular due to a current in the circuit to be monitored that exceeds the limit current.
  • the current flowing in the conductor section in the circuit to be monitored generates a triggering magnetic field for the triggering element in the event of triggering, in particular in the event of a short circuit.
  • the triggering element is preferably arranged in a vicinity of the conductor section.
  • the triggering element can be influenced and / or deformed by means of the conductor section and / or by means of a magnetic field generated by means of the conductor section, in particular in the event of triggering.
  • a “near area” is to be understood in particular as a spatial area which is formed from points that are less than a third, preferably less than a quarter, preferably less than a sixth and particularly preferably less than a tenth of a minimum longitudinal extension of the trigger element Reference point and / or a reference component, in particular the trigger element, are removed and / or which each have a distance of at most 10 mm, preferably of at most 5 mm and particularly preferably of at most 3 mm from a reference point and / or a reference component, in particular the trigger element .
  • the expression "at least a large part” should be understood to mean in particular at least 55%, advantageously at least 65%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 85% and particularly advantageously at least 95%, but in particular also completely.
  • the circuit breaker is part of the overcurrent protection switch and in particular not part of the overcurrent protection device.
  • the overcurrent protection switch preferably comprises a circuit breaker housing in which the overcurrent protection device is arranged.
  • the overcurrent protection device comprises the circuit breaker and / or the circuit breaker housing.
  • the overcurrent protection switch and / or the overcurrent protection device preferably comprises at least one quenching chamber for a resulting arc.
  • the trigger element and / or the actuating element and / or the conductor section form at least part of the overcurrent circuit breaker.
  • the overcurrent protection switch can be a trigger mechanism, in particular a trigger mechanism of an automatic circuit breaker.
  • the actuating element preferably has at least one actuating surface which is provided for transmitting the actuating movement and / or the actuating force.
  • the actuating surface is particularly preferably arranged at least in sections, at least substantially perpendicular to a main deformation axis and / or at least substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the triggering element.
  • the actuating element advantageously has at least one plunger and / or is designed as such.
  • the actuating element is particularly advantageously designed to be elongated and / or rod-shaped and / or pin-shaped and / or cylindrical.
  • the main deformation axis is the axis of greatest deformation of the release element.
  • the main deformation direction is preferably arranged at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trigger element.
  • the longitudinal axis is advantageously arranged at least substantially parallel to a main direction of extent of the release element.
  • "At least essentially perpendicular" is intended here to mean, in particular, an alignment of a Direction relative to a reference direction, in particular in a reference plane, are understood, wherein the direction and the reference direction enclose an angle which deviates in particular less than 8 °, advantageously less than 5 ° and particularly advantageously less than 2 ° from a right angle.
  • At least substantially parallel should be understood here to mean in particular an alignment of a direction relative to a reference direction, in particular in a plane, the direction having a deviation from the reference direction, in particular less than 8 °, advantageously less than 5 ° and particularly advantageously less than 2 °.
  • a “main direction of extent” of an object is to be understood in particular as a direction which runs parallel to a longest edge of a smallest imaginary cuboid which just completely surrounds the object.
  • the trigger element is preferably designed to be elongated.
  • the release element is cuboid or rod-shaped or pin-shaped or cylindrical.
  • the trigger element preferably has an at least substantially constant cross section.
  • the trigger element is preferably designed in one piece.
  • the trigger element is advantageously designed as a solid body.
  • the trigger element is designed, in particular at least in sections, as a hollow body, for example as a hollow cylinder, and / or as a solid body with recesses and / or cavities or the like.
  • the trigger element is preferably formed to at least a large part, in particular completely, from the shape-variable material.
  • the overcurrent protection device particularly preferably has a single trigger element.
  • the overcurrent protection device may have a plurality of trigger elements, in particular those which are identical to one another or which are designed differently.
  • the fact that an object has an “at least substantially constant cross section” is to be understood in particular to mean that for any first cross section of the object along at least one direction and any second cross section of the object along the direction, a minimum area of a differential area which is formed when the cross-sections are superposed, a maximum of 20%, advantageously a maximum of 10% and particularly advantageously a maximum of 5% of the surface area of the larger of the two cross-sections.
  • the shape-changeable material is preferably a thermally and magnetically shape-changeable material, in particular a thermal and magnetic shape memory material.
  • the release element is preferably designed to be thermally and magnetically changeable in shape. It is conceivable that the shape-changeable material is a magnetostrictive material.
  • the shape-changeable material preferably has at least one, in particular precisely one, first transformation temperature, in particular from at least one martensitic to at least one austenitic phase.
  • the shape-changeable material particularly preferably has at least one, in particular precisely one, second transition temperature, in particular from at least one ferromagnetic to at least one paramagnetic phase.
  • the first transformation temperature and the second transformation temperature are advantageously selected such that they are at least higher than temperatures that the trigger element assumes in a normal operating state, in particular when there is no triggering event.
  • thermoally and / or magnetically deformable material is to be understood as meaning in particular a material which can be influenced by means of a temperature increase, in particular a supply of thermal energy, and / or by means of a, in particular external, magnetic field and is advantageously provided for this purpose in at least one operating state to change at least one material property and / or shape at least as a function of a temperature of the material and / or at least as a function of the magnetic field.
  • first object “influences" a second object is to be understood in this context in particular as meaning that the second object has a different state, a different shape and / or a different position when the first object is absent and / or inactive / or assumes as in the presence and / or activity of the first object.
  • “at least substantially” is to be understood in particular to mean that a deviation from a predefined value corresponds in particular to less than 15%, preferably less than 10% and particularly preferably less than 5% of the predefined value.
  • the trigger element has at least one magnetic high-temperature shape memory alloy.
  • the shape-changeable material is designed as the magnetic high-temperature shape memory alloy.
  • the magnetic high-temperature shape memory alloy is characterized in that the first transformation temperature and the second transformation temperature are at least 60 ° C, advantageously at least 70 ° C, particularly advantageously at least 80 ° C and preferably at least 100 ° C / lie. In this way, incorrect triggering, for example due to an increased ambient temperature, can advantageously be prevented. Furthermore, a high achievable change in length of a release element can advantageously be made possible.
  • the shape-changeable material preferably contains nickel, manganese and gallium.
  • the shape-changeable material is particularly preferably a nickel-manganese-gallium alloy. In this way, particularly easily achievable deformability with an advantageously large movement distance can be realized.
  • the shape-changeable material could also be an iron-palladium alloy and / or an iron-palladium-containing alloy.
  • the shape-changeable material could also be designed as foam and / or as a composite structure and / or as granules and / or as a porous material, it being particularly conceivable in the case of a composite material that nickel, manganese and / or gallium components in one Matrix can be embedded.
  • the shape-changeable material is single-crystalline.
  • the trigger element is preferably designed as a single crystal made of the shape-changeable material. It is also conceivable that the trigger element is composed of several, in particular of a few, for example of two or three or four or five individual single crystals. In this way, in particular, an advantageously large lifting effect can be achieved.
  • the shape-changeable material is polycrystalline.
  • the triggering element in particular in the case of thermal triggering, to generate an actuation movement that is sufficient for actuation of the interrupter switch on the basis of at least one thermally induced actuation movement Change in shape and, in particular in the case of magnetic release, is provided for an actuating force sufficient to actuate the interrupter switch due to at least one magnetically induced change in shape.
  • an actuation force generated in the thermally induced change in shape in particular in the thermal release case, is greater than an actuation force generated in the magnetically induced shape change, in particular in the magnetic release case.
  • an actuation movement generated in the magnetically induced shape change, in particular in the magnetic release case, in particular a generated stroke is more extensive and / or larger than an actuation movement generated in the thermally induced shape change, in particular in the thermal release case, in particular a generated stroke .
  • an actuation force generated in the magnetic release case and an actuation movement generated in the thermal release case, in particular a generated stroke is sufficient to operate the interrupter switch. In this way, a high degree of reliability can advantageously be achieved.
  • a protective function can be performed by a single trigger element both in the event of a short circuit and in the event of an overload.
  • the thermally induced change in shape in particular in the triggering case, advantageously in the magnetic triggering case and in the thermal triggering case, a change in length of the triggering element, in particular along its longitudinal axis, of at least 1.5%, preferably of at least 2% and particularly preferably at least 4%. Reliable actuation of a release mechanism can thereby advantageously be achieved.
  • the magnetically induced change in shape generate a force development, in particular the actuation force, advantageously in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trigger element, of at least 1 N, preferably of at least 1.5 N, more preferably of at least 2 N per 1 mm 2
  • a force development in particular the actuation force, advantageously in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trigger element, of at least 1 N, preferably of at least 1.5 N, more preferably of at least 2 N per 1 mm 2
  • cross-sectional area of the trigger element in particular a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the trigger element, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the trigger element. Reliable triggering of a triggering mechanism can thereby advantageously be made possible.
  • the overcurrent protection device has an, in particular mechanical, resetting unit with at least one, in particular mechanical, resetting element which is provided for, in particular mechanically induced, resetting of the tripping element after the tripping event occurs.
  • the resetting unit is preferably provided to restore an initial shape of the trigger element.
  • the release element is provided for repeated damage-free deformation in the event of a release and for re-deformation by the resetting unit.
  • the restoring element is provided to exert a restoring force on the triggering element, which is applied in particular parallel to the longitudinal axis of the triggering element and / or which is intended to stretch or compress the triggering element, in particular along its longitudinal axis.
  • the restoring element comprises at least one compression spring and / or at least one tension spring and is in particular designed as such.
  • the resetting element is provided for resetting the triggering element by means of stretching or by means of stretching, the resetting unit optionally having a corresponding bearing for the resetting element.
  • a return deformation of the release element by means of stretching or by means of stretching is conceivable.
  • an overcurrent protection device that can be used repeatedly can be provided. Structural simplicity can also be achieved in this way.
  • the restoring element viewed from the triggering element, be arranged in front of and / or next to the actuating element.
  • a point of the actuating element furthest away from the triggering element is further away from the triggering element than a point of the restoring element furthest away from the triggering element, in particular measured along the longitudinal axis of the triggering element.
  • the actuating element is provided to transfer the restoring force from the restoring element to the actuating element when the release element is deformed back.
  • the actuating element preferably has at least one force transmission element which is provided for transmitting a restoring force from the restoring element to the actuating element. In this way, a compact design can advantageously be achieved.
  • the restoring element at least partially surround the triggering element.
  • the triggering element advantageously passes through an interior of the restoring element.
  • the triggering unit and / or the reset unit preferably comprises at least one bearing element, preferably two bearing elements arranged opposite one another, in particular along the longitudinal axis of the triggering element, the resetting element being particularly advantageously connected to at least one of the bearing elements and / or for transmitting the resetting force to at least one of the bearing elements is provided.
  • the trigger unit and the reset unit are at least partially connected to one another in one piece and / or comprise at least one common element, in particular a bearing element.
  • the restoring element at least partially surrounds the actuating element or vice versa.
  • the actuating element runs at least in sections through the restoring element or vice versa.
  • the restoring element is preferably designed as a spiral spring which surrounds at least one, in particular cylindrical and / or hollow-cylindrical and / or pin-shaped, section of the actuating element.
  • first object and a second object are "at least partially in one piece" is to be understood in this context in particular as meaning that at least one element and / or part of the first object is in one piece with at least one element and / or part of the second object connected is. In this way, a direct introduction of force and / or a compact design can advantageously be achieved.
  • the overcurrent protection device has a housing unit which at least partially houses at least the trigger element and the reset element.
  • the housing unit advantageously defines at least one receiving space for the release element.
  • the triggering element and the restoring element as well as the bearing elements are particularly advantageously arranged within the receiving space.
  • the housing unit preferably has at least one receiving area for the conductor section.
  • the conductor section is preferably arranged outside the receiving space.
  • the housing unit particularly preferably forms a coil body, in particular if the conductor section comprises at least one coil.
  • the housing unit is advantageous formed at least partially and in particular at least to a large extent from a non-ferromagnetic material, for example from a non-magnetic iron or steel, another suitable metal, a plastic, a ceramic or another suitable material. It is also conceivable that the housing unit is at least partially and in particular at least for the most part made of a ferromagnetic, advantageously a soft magnetic, material such as iron. In this case in particular, the housing unit can form a magnetic flux guide unit and / or at least one magnetic flux guide element. In this way, a resilient and compact overcurrent protection device can advantageously be provided.
  • the overcurrent protection device has a transmission unit which has at least one transmission element which is provided for a transmission of an actuating force and / or actuation movement generated by the triggering element in the event of a trigger, in particular in a transmission ratio different from 1. It is also conceivable that the transmission unit is provided for deflecting the actuating force and / or the actuating movement. In particular, it is conceivable that the transmission unit is only provided for deflecting, while a transmission ratio is 1.
  • the transmission element is advantageously designed as a lever element.
  • the translation unit can be provided for increasing a force, increasing a stroke and / or a deflection.
  • the translation unit is provided to transmit an in particular converted actuation movement and / or actuation force from the actuation element to the interrupter switch.
  • the actuating element is preferably in contact with the transmission element, at least when triggered.
  • the trigger unit has at least one fixed bearing for the trigger element, which, viewed in particular from the actuating element, is arranged behind the trigger element.
  • the bearing element preferably forms the fixed bearing. It is conceivable that the trigger element on at least one of its end faces is fixed. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the release element is loosely supported, in particular on an opposite end face. However, it is also conceivable that the release element is fixedly mounted on at least two opposite sides, in particular on the front sides.
  • the trigger element is preferably permanently connected to the bearing element.
  • the bearing element is particularly preferably designed to be non-magnetic and / or non-magnetizable. In this way, a high degree of robustness, in particular a mounting of an element that is variable in shape, can advantageously be achieved.
  • the conductor section surrounds the release element at least in sections.
  • the conductor section describes a maximum of ten circulations, particularly advantageously a maximum of three and preferably a maximum of one circulation around the triggering element, wherein in particular small leakage currents can advantageously be achieved for a reduced number of circulations.
  • the conductor section comprises at least one, in particular precisely one, coil which runs around the trigger element, in particular around its longitudinal axis, and in particular around the housing unit. A longitudinal axis of the coil and the longitudinal axis of the trigger element are preferably arranged at least substantially parallel to one another.
  • the conductor section is advantageously provided to generate a magnetic field in the event of triggering, in particular in the case of magnetic triggering, the field lines of which at least in sections run at least essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the triggering element, in particular within the triggering element.
  • a short tripping time can advantageously be achieved, in particular due to a small distance made possible between a coil and a tripping element and / or due to the possible omission of ferromagnetic components in the magnetic circuit with a sufficiently high magnetic flux density.
  • the trigger unit comprises at least one magnetic flux guide unit, in particular a ferromagnetic and / or soft magnetic core.
  • the ferromagnetic core preferably has at least one receiving area for the conductor section.
  • the ferromagnetic core is designed as a magnetic flux guide element educated. It is conceivable that the ferromagnetic core is at least partially connected in one piece to the housing unit. In particular, the ferromagnetic core at least partially surrounds the trigger element.
  • the ferromagnetic core is preferably provided to guide a magnetic field generated by the conductor section through the trigger element, at least in sections, at least substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the trigger element.
  • a degree and a time behavior of heating of a release element can be set in a targeted manner in the event of an overload.
  • a triggering magnetic field can be controlled in a targeted manner in this way.
  • the overcurrent protection device is free of an iron core and / or a magnetic flux guiding element, in particular in the event that the conductor section at least partially surrounds the triggering element and / or runs around it as a coil.
  • the conductor section can be designed as an air-core coil.
  • the release element is provided in the event of release to generate the actuation force and / or the actuation movement due to a shortening of the release element, in particular along its longitudinal axis.
  • the resetting unit is advantageously provided to stretch the release element to deform it back.
  • the actuating element is provided, in particular in this case, to transmit a tensile force.
  • the interrupter switch and / or the transmission element acts on the actuating element and / or the triggering element, in particular in this case, with a compressive force which the triggering element yields when triggered and / or which, when triggered, actuates the transmission element due to an evasive movement and / or a retraction of the trigger element allows.
  • the conductor section is preferably provided, in particular in this case, in particular in the event of a triggering, to generate a magnetic field whose field lines within the triggering element are at least substantially parallel to at least some sections whose longitudinal axis run.
  • a trip coil can thereby be arranged in a space-efficient manner and / or in terms of a distance between the trip coil and a trip element in such a way that it surrounds the trip element.
  • the trigger unit is designed in such a way that a deformation is sufficient for actuation that shortens the trigger element by at most 5%, preferably by at most 4%, and particularly preferably by at most 2%, in particular along its longitudinal axis, contains.
  • the shape-changeable material is provided to generate a thermally triggered compression from a stretched state, preferably due to a phase transition from a martensitic to an austenitic phase. In this way, an overcurrent protection switch with a shortening and rapidly responding trigger element can advantageously be provided.
  • the triggering element in the event of a trigger, is provided to generate the actuating force and / or the actuating movement due to an expansion of the triggering element, in particular along its longitudinal axis.
  • the conductor section is advantageously provided to generate a magnetic field, in particular in the event of a trigger, whose field lines run at least substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the triggering element through the triggering element.
  • a high degree of reliability and / or advantageous properties with regard to a construction can be achieved in particular with an overcurrent protection switch with at least one overcurrent protection device according to the invention.
  • the invention further comprises a system with at least one first overcurrent protection device according to the invention and with at least one second overcurrent protection device according to the invention, the first overcurrent protection device and the second overcurrent protection device being of the same type, in particular of basically the same design and / or intended for the same or similar purpose , and wherein, for a given tripping event, the first overcurrent protection device exhibits a different magnetic and / or thermal tripping behavior than the second overcurrent protection device.
  • the first overcurrent protection device and the second overcurrent protection device are provided for installation in an identical and / or analogous manner, for example each as a circuit breaker in a fuse box.
  • the first overcurrent protection device and the second overcurrent protection device can be installed in an equivalent manner in a specific overcurrent protection switch.
  • the first overcurrent protection device and the second overcurrent protection device can have triggering elements which differ with regard to a material and / or a geometry, such as, for example, a length and / or a shape.
  • a trip unit of the first overcurrent protection device and a trip unit of the second overcurrent protection device with regard to the presence or configuration of a magnetic flux guide unit, in particular a ferromagnetic core, a distance between a conductor section to be monitored and a trip element, a geometry of such conductor sections or the like.
  • the first overcurrent protection device and the second overcurrent protection device show an identical magnetic release behavior, in particular in the event of a short circuit, and different thermal release behavior, in particular in the event of an overload, or vice versa.
  • the system has a plurality of overcurrent protection devices which, in particular with regard to at least one triggering property, such as an overcurrent triggering behavior, show a staggered response behavior that can be sorted according to at least one parameter, such as a triggering when the overload current increases or also a triggering when increasing short-circuit current or the like.
  • the Figure 1 shows an overcurrent protection device 10a for a circuit to be monitored in a schematic sectional illustration.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a is part of an overcurrent protection switch 40a (cf. Figure 3 ).
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a is designed as an automatic circuit breaker device.
  • the overcurrent protection switch 40a is designed as a circuit breaker in the present case.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a has a tripping unit 12a which is provided to interrupt the circuit in at least one tripping event.
  • the triggering event can include a short-circuit event and / or an overload event.
  • the triggering case includes a thermal triggering case, for example the overload case, and / or a magnetic triggering case, for example the short-circuit case.
  • the tripping unit 12a has at least one conductor section 14a which is provided for carrying a current to be monitored. In the present case, the current to be monitored flows in the circuit.
  • the trigger unit 12a comprises at least one trigger element 16a, which is at least one magnetic and thermally deformable material 18a.
  • the trigger element 16a is provided in the event of triggering for a thermally and / or magnetically induced deformation as a function of a current flowing through the conductor section 14a, in particular as a function of the current to be monitored. Furthermore, the triggering unit 12a comprises at least one actuating element 20a which is in operative connection with the triggering element 16a and which is provided for transmitting at least one actuating movement and / or at least one actuating force to at least one circuit breaker (not shown).
  • the interrupter switch is part of the overcurrent protection switch 40a. However, it is also conceivable that an interrupter switch is part of the overcurrent protection device 10a.
  • the shape changeable material 18a is a thermal and magnetic shape memory material.
  • the release element 16a is designed to be thermally and magnetically changeable in shape.
  • the release element 16a is formed from the shape-changeable material 18a.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a is monocrystalline, a polycrystalline material also being conceivable.
  • the trigger element 16a is designed as a one-piece single crystal made of the shape-variable material 18a, with multi-part trigger elements also being conceivable.
  • the triggering element 16a can be influenced and in particular deformed by means of a magnetic field and / or a mechanical force and / or a change in a temperature of the triggering element 16a.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a has the property that a, in particular mechanical, deformation and / or change in shape takes place as a reaction to a mechanical force with a defined minimum strength and a defined direction.
  • an internal force of the release element 16a in the present case in particular due to a magnetomechanical hysteresis of the shape-changing material 18a used, has to be overcome.
  • the trigger element 16a would thus also in this case, in particular without a restoring external stimulus, after the Reduction and / or the interruption of the mechanical force and / or the mechanical stress remain in the current form.
  • the Figure 2 shows a schematic stress-strain diagram of the shape-changeable material 18a.
  • the stress-strain diagram includes a stress axis 98a and a strain axis 100a.
  • the characteristic curves shown and, in particular, their axis segments are to be understood as purely exemplary.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a shows a hysteretic characteristic curve 46a, which characterizes a thermal shape memory effect of the shape-changeable material 18a.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a shows a further hysteretic characteristic curve 48a, which characterizes a magnetic shape memory effect of the shape-changeable material 18a.
  • the diagram shows the cases of stretching (indicated by a directional arrow 50a) and compression (indicated by a directional arrow 52a).
  • a larger change in extension in particular a larger stroke
  • a larger actuating force can be generated.
  • the two characteristic curves 46a, 48a thus define a usable working area 54a, which is shown hatched in the diagram.
  • the usable work area can be larger or smaller.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a is made in such a way that an elongation of approximately 4% can be generated by means of the thermal shape memory effect.
  • alloys are also conceivable in which a corresponding elongation of 5% or 6% can be achieved.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a in the present case is made in such a way that a compression, starting from a stretched state of about 2%, can be generated by means of the thermal shape memory effect.
  • alloys are also conceivable in which a corresponding compression of 3% or 4% can be achieved.
  • a magnetically inducible change in length, in particular compression or elongation, of about 6% can be achieved, with values of 8% up to 10% or 12% also being conceivable.
  • the trigger element 16a is in the present case pin-shaped, in particular with a rectangular cross-sectional area perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 42a.
  • the trigger element 16a has a longitudinal axis 42a which is arranged parallel to a main direction of extent 44a of the trigger element 16a.
  • the trigger element 16a is provided for a change in length along its longitudinal axis 42a in the event of triggering.
  • the triggering element 16a is provided in the event of triggering to generate the actuating force and / or the actuating movement due to a shortening of the triggering element 16a.
  • the shortening is also a shortening along the longitudinal axis 42a of the trigger element 16a.
  • the trigger element 16a is intended to generate an actuation movement sufficient to actuate the interrupter switch due to at least one thermally induced change in shape and to generate an actuating force sufficient to actuate the interrupter switch due to at least one magnetically induced form change.
  • a change in extension, in particular the shortening, of the release element 16a is sufficient to generate the actuation movement for the interrupter switch.
  • a force generated by the release element 16a in particular acting parallel to the longitudinal axis 42a of the release element 16a, in particular the actuating force, is sufficient to actuate the interrupter switch.
  • the thermally induced change in shape includes, as mentioned, in the present case a change in length of the release element 16a, in particular along its longitudinal axis 42a, of at least 1.5%, in particular of about 2%, larger values also being conceivable.
  • the change in length is also the shortening of the release element 16a.
  • the tripping unit 12a is designed in such a way that a deformation is sufficient for the actuation of the interrupter switch which includes a shortening of the tripping element 16a by a maximum of 5%, in the present case even by a maximum of 2%.
  • a thermally induced shortening of the tripping element 16a in particular in the event of an overload, is consequently sufficient to actuate the interrupter switch.
  • the magnetically induced change in shape includes a force development of at least 1 N per 1 mm 2 cross-sectional area of the release element 16a, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 42a of the release element 16a.
  • the force development is even at least 2 N per 1 mm 2 cross-sectional area of the release element 16a.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a is a magnetic shape memory alloy, wherein, as mentioned above, other materials are also fundamentally conceivable.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a is a shape memory alloy which contains nickel, manganese and gallium.
  • the trigger element 16a in the present case has at least one magnetic high-temperature shape memory alloy.
  • the shape-changeable material 18a is designed as the magnetic high-temperature shape memory alloy.
  • the magnetic high-temperature shape memory alloy has a first transformation temperature from a martensitic to an austenitic phase and a second transformation temperature from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic phase, the first and second transformation temperatures being at least 60 ° C, in the present case at at least 70 ° C., although higher values of at least 80 ° C. or 100 ° C. are advantageously also conceivable.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a has a step-up unit 28a which has at least one step-up element 30a which is provided to step up the actuation force and / or actuation movement generated by the release element 16a in the event of a trip.
  • the transmission element 30a is designed as a lever element, in particular as a double-arm lever. educated.
  • the actuating element 20a viewed from the triggering element 16a, is arranged in front of the transmission element 30a. In the event of triggering, the triggering element 16a contracts, as a result of which the actuating element 20a is deflected, in particular along the longitudinal axis 42 of the triggering element 16a.
  • the translation element 30a is pivoted in the process.
  • the transmission element 30a is directly connected to the actuating element 20a, it being possible to provide a connection in particular for transmitting a tensile force and / or a pulling movement. But it is also conceivable that the transmission element 30a acts on the actuating element 20a with a compressive force and a movement of the Actuating element 20a along the longitudinal axis 42a of the triggering element 16a releases a movement of the transmission element 30a in the event of triggering.
  • the step-up unit 28a is provided to transmit a step-up actuating movement and a step-up actuating force to the interrupter switch. It is conceivable that the transmission element 30a transmits a tensile force. It is also conceivable that the transmission element 30a transmits a compressive force.
  • the trigger unit 12a has at least one fixed bearing 32a, 34a for the trigger element 16a.
  • the trigger unit 12a comprises two bearing elements 56a, 58a, which form the fixed bearings 32a, 34a.
  • a first fixed bearing 32a is arranged from the actuating element 20a in front of the triggering element 16a.
  • a second fixed bearing 34a is arranged from the actuating element 20a behind the triggering element 16a.
  • the bearing elements 56a, 58a move towards one another.
  • the fixed bearings 32a, 34a support the release element 16a on its end faces 68a, 70a.
  • the bearing elements 56a, 58a are arranged opposite one another along the longitudinal axis 42a of the trigger element 16a, in particular on its end faces 68a, 70a.
  • the trigger element 16a is connected to the bearing elements 56a, 58a.
  • the trigger element 16a can, for example, be glued and / or welded to at least one bearing element 56a, 58a and / or otherwise non-positively and / or positively and / or materially connected to it.
  • the bearing elements 56a, 58a are made of non-magnetic iron or another suitable metal, bearing elements made of plastic or ceramic or the like also being conceivable in principle.
  • the conductor section 14a is provided to generate a triggering magnetic field in the event of triggering, in particular in the event of a short circuit, the field lines of which are at least substantially parallel in a region of the triggering element 16a, in particular in a vicinity of the triggering element 16a and / or within the triggering element 16a whose longitudinal axis 42a run.
  • a direction 62a of the triggering magnetic field in a close range of the triggering element 16a is shown in FIG Figure 1 shown schematically.
  • the conductor section 14a surrounds the triggering element 16a at least in sections.
  • the conductor section 14a comprises a coil 60a, within which the trigger element 16a is arranged.
  • the coil 60a runs several times around the trigger element 16a.
  • a longitudinal axis 64a of the coil 60a is at least in Arranged essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis 42a of the trigger element 16a.
  • the coil 60a is provided for generating the triggering magnetic field.
  • the longitudinal axes 42a, 64a of the coil 60a and of the trigger element 16a are identical.
  • the coil 60a is designed as an air-core coil.
  • the trigger unit 12a is free of an iron core or another magnetic flux guide element in the present case.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a has a resetting unit 22a with at least one resetting element 24a, which is provided for resetting the triggering element 16a after the occurrence of the triggering event.
  • the restoring element 24a is designed as a compression spring in the present case.
  • the restoring element 24a is arranged between the bearing elements 56a, 58a.
  • the bearing elements 56a, 58a are parts of the resetting unit 22a.
  • the restoring element 24a presses the bearing elements 56a, 58a apart along the longitudinal axis 42a of the trigger element 16a and in particular generates a restoring force for the return deformation of the trigger element 16a.
  • the restoring element 24a is provided for the purpose of exerting an expansion force on the triggering element 16b for the purpose of reshaping. During the re-deformation, the release element 16a is stretched and, in particular, is converted into a stretched initial state.
  • the reset element 24a at least partially surrounds the release element 16a.
  • the resetting element 24a defines an inner region within which the triggering element 16a is arranged.
  • a longitudinal axis 66a of the restoring element 24a and the longitudinal axis 42a of the triggering element 16a are arranged parallel to one another and, in particular, are identical.
  • the reset element 24a runs in several turns around the trigger element 16a.
  • the restoring element 24a viewed from the actuating element 20a, is arranged next to the triggering element 16a.
  • the triggering element 16a and the restoring element 24a are arranged behind the actuating element 20a as viewed from the transmission element 30a.
  • the trigger element 16a is arranged at least in sections within the reset element 24a.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a has a housing unit 26a which at least partially houses at least the trigger element 16a and the reset element 24a.
  • the housing unit 26a is formed from a heat-resistant and / or highly thermally conductive material, for example from a non-magnetizable metal or a suitable plastic or the like.
  • the housing unit 26a is provided for heat transfer from the conductor section 14a to the triggering element 16a, in particular in the event of a thermal triggering.
  • a housing unit is at least partially formed from a magnetic and / or magnetizable material and, for example, forms at least one magnetic flux guide element, such as in particular an iron core.
  • the housing unit 26a defines a receiving space 72a for the release element 16a.
  • the release element 16a, the fixed bearings 32a, 34a and the restoring element 24a are arranged within the receiving space 72a.
  • the actuating element 20a is partially arranged within the receiving space 72a.
  • a lateral surface of the receiving space 72a forms a sliding bearing for the bearing element 56a, which moves along the longitudinal axis 42a of the triggering element 16a towards the stationary bearing element 58a.
  • the bearing element 58a is stationary relative to the housing unit 26a.
  • the housing unit 26a forms a passage 80a for the actuating element 20a, which in particular can at least partially guide the actuating element 20a.
  • the housing unit 26a defines a receiving area 74a for the conductor section 14a.
  • the coil 60a is arranged within the receiving area 74a.
  • the coil 60a runs around the receiving space 72a.
  • the housing unit 26a forms a coil former for the coil 60a.
  • the Figure 3 shows a system 76a with the overcurrent protection device 10a and with a second overcurrent protection device 38a in a schematic representation.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a is part of an overcurrent protection switch 40a.
  • the second overcurrent protection device 38a is part of a second overcurrent protection switch 78a.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a and the second overcurrent protection device 38a are of the same type.
  • the A second overcurrent protection device 38a can be installed in the overcurrent protection switch 40a instead of the overcurrent protection device 10a.
  • the overcurrent protection switch 40a and the second overcurrent protection switch 78a are at least externally structurally identical and / or can be used as alternatives to one another, for example in corresponding fuse slots of a fuse box.
  • the overcurrent protection device 10a exhibits a different magnetic and / or thermal tripping behavior than the second overcurrent protection device 38a.
  • the second overcurrent protection device 38a can differ from the overcurrent protection device 10a with regard to a number of coil turns of a conductor section, a geometry of a tripping element, a material of a tripping element, a geometry and / or a material of a housing unit, a presence of an iron core and the like. For example, by using components with a high thermal capacity, thermal tripping can be delayed or suppressed.
  • a limit current required for triggering can be set. It is also conceivable that a triggering behavior can be adapted by means of suitable adaptation of the geometry of a translation unit.
  • the Figure 4 shows an alternative overcurrent protection device 10b for a circuit to be monitored in a schematic sectional illustration.
  • the alternative Overcurrent protection device 10b is part of an overcurrent protection switch (not shown), for example a fuse, in particular an automatic circuit breaker.
  • the alternative overcurrent protection device 10b has a tripping unit 12b, which is provided to interrupt the circuit in at least one tripping event.
  • the triggering event can include a short-circuit event and / or an overload event.
  • the triggering case includes a thermal triggering case, for example the overload case, and / or a magnetic triggering case, for example a short-circuit case.
  • the tripping unit 12b has at least one conductor section 14b which is provided for carrying a current to be monitored. In the present case, the current to be monitored flows in the circuit.
  • the trigger unit 12b comprises at least one trigger element 16b, which has at least one magnetically and thermally changeable material 18b.
  • the shape-changeable material 18b is a magnetic and thermal shape memory material.
  • the triggering element 16b is provided in the event of triggering for a thermally and / or magnetically induced deformation as a function of a current flowing through the conductor section 14b, in particular as a function of the current to be monitored.
  • the triggering unit 12b comprises at least one actuating element 20b which is in operative connection with the triggering element 16b and which is provided for transmitting at least one actuating movement and / or at least one actuating force to at least one circuit breaker (not shown).
  • the circuit breaker is part of the overcurrent circuit breaker.
  • an interrupter switch is part of the alternative overcurrent protection device 10b.
  • the conductor section 14b is provided to generate a triggering magnetic field, the field lines of which run at least in a vicinity of the triggering element 16b and / or within the triggering element 16b at least essentially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 42b of the triggering element 16b.
  • a direction 62b of the triggering magnetic field in the vicinity of the triggering element 16b is shown in FIG Figure 4 shown schematically.
  • the conductor section 14b is designed at least in sections as a coil.
  • the conductor section 14b forms at least two opposing coils, so that the Triggering magnetic field penetrates the triggering element 16b as homogeneously as possible perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 42b.
  • the trigger unit 12b comprises at least one magnetic flux guide element 82b.
  • the trigger unit 12b comprises a ferromagnetic core 36b, in particular an iron core.
  • the ferromagnetic core 36b is provided to strengthen the triggering magnetic field.
  • the ferromagnetic core 36b comprises two, in particular oppositely arranged, pole shoes 84b, 86b.
  • the pole pieces 84b, 86b are each assigned a coil formed by the conductor section 14b.
  • a change in shape of the release element 16b in the event of release includes an expansion along its longitudinal axis 42b, in particular a thermally and / or magnetically induced expansion.
  • a comparatively larger stroke can advantageously be achieved due to a thermally induced expansion than in the case of a thermally induced compression, in particular analogous to that in FIG Figures 1 to 3 execution shown.
  • the release element 16b is provided for a change in length, in particular for an expansion, of approximately 4% in the event of thermal release.
  • the triggering element 16b is provided for a change in length, in particular for an expansion, of approximately 6% in the case of magnetic triggering.
  • suitable shape-changeable materials in particular magnetic and thermal shape memory alloys, other values are also conceivable.
  • a change in length of the trigger element 16b by approximately 4% is sufficient to operate the interrupter switch.
  • the trigger unit 12b has a fixed bearing 32b for the trigger element 16b.
  • the fixed bearing 32b supports an end face 70b of the triggering element 16b facing away from the actuating element 20b and is in particular connected to it in a non-positive and / or material and / or form-fitting manner.
  • the triggering element 16b expands, starting from the fixed bearing 32b, in the direction of the operating element 20b and pushes it away from the fixed bearing 32b along the longitudinal axis 42b of the triggering element 16b.
  • the alternative overcurrent protection device 10b has a reset unit 22b with a reset element 24b.
  • the restoring element 24b viewed from the triggering element 16b, is arranged next to the actuating element 20b.
  • the actuating element 20b passes in sections through the restoring element 24b.
  • the restoring element 24b surrounds the actuating element 20b at least in sections.
  • the restoring element 24b is designed as a compression spring.
  • the reset unit 22b has a bearing element 88b for the reset element 24b. A position of the bearing element 88b relative to the fixed bearing 32b is constant. During the recovery, the bearing element 88b generates a counter-holding force for the restoring element 24b. In the present case, the bearing element 88b is annular.
  • the actuating element 20b passes through the bearing element 88b.
  • the actuating element 20b has a counter-element 90b, against which the restoring element 24b presses when it is deformed back.
  • the counter element 90b is designed in the shape of a ring. A restoring pressure force of the restoring element 24b is transmitted to the triggering element 16b via the actuating element 20b during the re-deformation.
  • the Figure 5 shows a further alternative overcurrent protection device 10c for a circuit to be monitored in a schematic sectional illustration.
  • the further alternative overcurrent protection device 10c is part of an overcurrent protection switch (not shown), for example a fuse, in particular an automatic circuit breaker.
  • the further alternative overcurrent protection device 10c has a tripping unit 12c, which is provided to interrupt the circuit in at least one tripping event.
  • the triggering event can include a short-circuit event and / or an overload event.
  • the triggering case includes a thermal triggering case, for example the overload case, and / or a magnetic triggering case, for example the short-circuit case.
  • the tripping unit 12c has at least one conductor section 14c which is provided for carrying a current to be monitored. In the present case, the current to be monitored flows in the circuit.
  • the trigger unit 12c comprises at least one trigger element 16c, which has at least one magnetically and thermally changeable material 18c.
  • the triggering element 16c is, in the event of triggering, to a thermally and / or magnetically induced deformation as a function of a current flowing through the conductor section 14c, in particular as a function of the current to be monitored, is provided. Furthermore, the triggering unit 12c comprises at least one actuating element 20c which is in operative connection with the triggering element 16c and which is provided for transmitting at least one actuating movement and / or at least one actuating force to at least one circuit breaker (not shown). In the present case, the circuit breaker is part of the overcurrent circuit breaker. However, it is also conceivable that an interrupter switch is part of the further alternative overcurrent protection device 10c.
  • the conductor section 14c is provided in the present case to generate a triggering magnetic field in the event of a trigger, the field lines of which run at least in a vicinity of the triggering element 16c and / or within the triggering element 16c at least essentially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 42c of the triggering element 16c.
  • a direction 62c of the triggering magnetic field in the vicinity of the triggering element 16c is shown in FIG Figure 5 shown schematically.
  • the conductor section 14c is designed at least in sections as a coil.
  • the conductor section 14c forms a coil 92c.
  • the coil 92c surrounds the release element 16c transversely to its longitudinal axis 42c.
  • the coil 92c is partially arranged within the actuating element 20c.
  • the actuating element 20c forms a receiving space 96c which partially receives the first coil 92c.
  • the coil 92c is arranged from the actuating element 12c partly in front of the trigger element 16c and partly behind the trigger element 16c.
  • the coil 92c is provided to generate the triggering magnetic field in its interior in the event of a triggering in such a way that its field lines run at least substantially parallel to the direction 62c.
  • the trigger unit 12c is free from a magnetic flux guide element and in particular free from an iron core.
  • the conductor section 14c forms at least one air core coil.
  • the coil 92c is designed as an air-core coil.
  • the further alternative overcurrent protection device 10c has a reset unit 22c with a reset element 24c.
  • the restoring element 24c is designed as a tension spring.
  • the restoring element 24c viewed from the triggering element 16c, is arranged in front of the actuating element 20c.
  • the restoring element 24c is provided for the purpose of reshaping the triggering element 16c by applying a compression force to generate on this, in particular at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 42c of the trigger element 16c.
  • the reset element 24c is connected to bearing elements 56c, 58c for the trigger element 16c.
  • a first bearing element 56c is connected to the actuating element 20c and / or is formed by the latter.
  • a second bearing element 58c forms a fixed bearing 32c for the release element 16c.
  • the second bearing element 58c supports an end face 70c of the triggering element 16c facing away from the actuating element 20c.
  • the restoring element 24c pulls the bearing elements 56c, 58c towards one another, as a result of which the compression force acting on the release element 16c is generated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
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EP3602599A1 (de) 2020-02-05
DE102017106084A1 (de) 2018-09-27
CN110651352A (zh) 2020-01-03
WO2018172418A1 (de) 2018-09-27
US20200111633A1 (en) 2020-04-09
US11367586B2 (en) 2022-06-21
CN110651352B (zh) 2022-08-26

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