Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
  • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
  • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
  • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
  • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
  • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
  • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
  • B24C5/06—Impeller wheels; Rotor blades therefor

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to a water abrasive slurry slicer having the features set forth in the preamble of claim 1 and a method for water abrasive slurry slitting.
• Water-abrasive suspension cutters are used to cut materials by means of a high-pressure water jet to which an abrasive is added.
• Water-abrasive suspension cutting systems are to be differentiated from water-abrasive injection-cutting systems, in which the abrasive is introduced only in or at an outlet nozzle in the already very much accelerated water.
• the high-pressure water is first mixed with the abrasive and then the water-abrasive slurry is accelerated in the outlet nozzle.
• the abrasive-water ratio can be higher and a higher cutting force can be selected be achieved because the water is mixed under high pressure upstream of the outlet gland without air inclusions controlled with the abrasive.
• a portion of the water flow can be performed by an abrasive container, which as a pressure vessel
• a technical challenge with these systems is the refilling of the abrasive, since the plant must be taken out of service, the abrasive container must be brought to a depressurized state and only then can be filled. In industrial applications, however, continuous cutting is often desirable in which the equipment for filling the abrasive need not be taken out of service.
• EP 2 755 802 Bl and WO 2015/149867 Al describe lock solutions to ensure continuous operation of the system. Due to the particularly high pressures, in some cases over 2,000 bar, however, the cyclical loading and unloading of a lock chamber is a technical challenge. The refilling of the pressure vessel leads namely in the previously known systems and in the previously known methods to blockages and time-consuming refill cycles.
• a water abrasive slurry cutter is provided with
• a high pressure source for supplying water
• a pressure vessel for providing a high-pressure abrasive suspension
• a lock chamber which is designed to be temporarily under high pressure and temporarily under low pressure
• a refill valve for refilling the pressure vessel from the lock chamber characterized in that a conveying aid is on the suction side fluidly connected to the pressure vessel, that the conveying aid at high pressure in the lock chamber is able to suck a Abrasivstoffsuspension by the refill valve from the lock chamber in the pressure vessel ,
• high pressure means a pressure above 100 bar and "low pressure” means a pressure below 100 bar.
• the low pressure is the ambient air pressure.
• the conveying aid is exposed to high pressure and is therefore preferably designed for high pressure.
• the conveying aid is fluid-connected to a region of the pressure vessel in which there is less abrasive, for example a lateral upper region of the pressure vessel, the pumped water may contain abrasive, which promotes wear of the conveying aid.
• a fraud Büabsperrventil is disposed between the conveying aid and the lock chamber, which is preferably a needle valve.
• the needle valve can be shut off pneumatically via a Anpressteller.
• the needle can be arranged coaxially with a high pressure input connected to the pressure vessel and this opposite to press sealingly on a valve seat at the high pressure inlet.
• the delivery aid can optionally be fluid-connected to an upper area of the lock chamber on the pressure side.
• the conveying aid is fluidly connected to the suction side with an upper region of the pressure vessel, where there is as little abrasive as possible, so that it is not sucked by the conveying aid, but as pure as possible water.
• the lock chamber is preferably arranged vertically above the refill valve and the pressure vessel vertically below the refill valve, so that when the refill valve is open, gravity assisted by the refill valve can sink from the lock chamber into the pressure vessel.
• the conveying aid can push, support and / or accelerate this vertical abrasive flow through a pressure difference generated by it at least temporarily between the pressure vessel and the lock chamber.
• the displaced by the abrasive and extracted from the delivery aid from the pressure vessel water can be fed back to the lock chamber via the circuit.
• the delivery aid can generate with the output-side pressure at least temporarily a corresponding pressure difference between the pressure vessel and the lock chamber and thus accelerate the flow through the refill valve.
• the conveying aid has a low-pressure part and a high-pressure part, wherein the low-pressure part is in a region with low pressure, preferably with ambient air pressure, and the high-pressure part in a region with high pressure.
• the high-pressure part can optionally have an impeller, which can be driven by means of the low-pressure part inductively or via a shaft which extends from the low-pressure part to the high-pressure part.
• the high-pressure part may have a piston which can be driven by means of the low-pressure part.
• the filling, printing and refilling process sequentially and cyclically during cutting to ensure continuous cutting operation.
• the conveying aid from the lock chamber is shut off temporarily by a specially Büabsperrventil in the form of a needle valve. This is preferably done after refilling the pressure vessel and before filling the lock chamber under low pressure, since after a refill passage, the lock chamber is depressurized for the next Behell begang.
• the bainettisbsperrventil is preferably closed when the lock chamber is under low pressure, and opened when the lock chamber is under high pressure.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine
• Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the herein disclosed water-abrasive suspension cutting machine
• Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine
• Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine
• Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fifth embodiment of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine
• 6a-c are schematic partial circuit diagrams of three different embodiments of a conveying aid of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine;
• Figures 7a-c are schematic partial circuit diagrams of three different embodiments of an abrasive agent flow control of the herein disclosed water abrasive slurry cutting machine;
• FIG. 8-12 are schematic diagrams of five different embodiments of an abrasive delivery means of the herein disclosed Water Abrasive Suspension Cutting Machine;
• FIG. 13 is a schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of the water-abrasive-suspension cutting method disclosed herein.
• Fig. 14 pressure-Zeif diagrams in a lock chamber, in an accumulator and in a high-pressure line according to an embodiment of hierein disclosed water-abrasive suspension cutter;
• 15a-b show cross-sections in an xz-plane through a refill valve in two different open positions according to an embodiment of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension Schneidanla- ge;
• FIG. 16a-b show cross-sections in an xz plane through a refill valve in two different closed positions according to an embodiment of the water-abrasive suspension cutting system disclosed herein;
• 17a-b are cross-sections in a yz plane through a refill valve in the closed position according to two different embodiments of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine;
• 18a-b are perspective views of a refill valve according to an embodiment of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine.
• 19a-b are cross-sections through a shut-off valve in the form of a needle valve according to two different embodiments of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting machine in an open position.
• I has a high pressure source 3, the water in a high pressure line 5 under a high pressure po of about 1 .500 to 4,000 bar available.
• the high-pressure line 5 is connected to an outlet nozzle 7 from which the high-pressure water emerges at a very high speed in a jet 9. So that the jet 9 can be used effectively as a cutting jet for cutting material, the high-pressure line 5 is branched such that at least part of the flow through the high-pressure line 5 through a pressure vessel
• I I is guided, in which a water-abrasive suspension 13 is located.
• a shut-off valve 15 the feeding of the water abrasive suspension 13 to the outlet nozzle can be switched on and off.
• the proportion of water-abrasive suspension 13 in the jet 9 can be adjusted via a throttle 17 by the flow rate in the guided through the pressure vessel 1 1 side of the high-pressure line 5 is throttled.
• the throttle 17 may be configured statically, for example in the form of a pinhole or adjustable or adjustable.
• the throttle 17 is adjustable, so that the throttle 17 may possibly also completely shut off the inflow into the pressure vessel 1 1, so that it is possible to dispense with the shut-off valve 15.
• the throttle 17 is preferably controllable, a signal which is characteristic for the abrasive average flow and which can be obtained from a sensor or an available operating parameter being used as a control variable for regulating the opening of the throttle 17 (see FIGS. 7a-c). ,
• a refill valve 19 in the form of a ball valve is located above the pressure vessel 11. assigns.
• the refill valve 19 connects a lock chamber 21 arranged above the refill valve 19 with the pressure vessel 11.
• a filling valve 23 is arranged, which connects a arranged above the lock chamber 21 Vietnamese Stahlstofftrichter 25 with the lock chamber 21.
• the filling valve 23 may be configured substantially identical to the refill valve 19 in the form of a ball valve.
• the refilling funnel 25 is not under pressure, so dry, moist or wet abrasive or a water-abrasive suspension can be poured from above (see Figures 8-12).
• This can be, at least in part, an abrasive agent which has been reprocessed from the cutting jet 9 and which can be filled into the refilling funnel 25 from above via a conveying device (see FIGS. 8-12) in dry, wet, frozen, pelletized or suspended form.
• the lock chamber 21 may be temporarily depressurized.
• a pressure in the lock chamber 21 can be discharged via a pressure relief valve 27 in the form of a needle valve into a drain 29.
• the filling valve 23 may be open, so that abrasive falls from the refilling hopper 25 into the lock chamber 21.
• This gravitational filling of the lock chamber 21 with abrasive can be supported and accelerated by a pump 31st
• the pump 31 may be connected on the suction side with the lock chamber 21 and the pressure side with the refilling funnel 25.
• the pump 31 sucking abrasive into the lock chamber 21. This is particularly useful especially when abrasive in the tapered lower portion of the refilling funnel 25 and the filling valve 23 clogged.
• the pump 31 does not have to be designed for high pressure, it is advantageous if the pump 31 is pumped by means of a pump.
• penabsperrventils 33 in the form of a needle valve from the lock chamber 21 can be shut off.
• the Pumpenabsperrventil 33 can be designed flushable to flush the valve seat and the valve body, for example in the form of a valve needle, of abrasive (see Figures 19a-b). This ensures on the one hand a tight closing of the Pumpenabsperrventils 33 and reduces the wear of material in the valve.
• the pump 31 can be largely protected from abrasives by means of an upstream filter and / or separator (both not shown).
• a first embodiment of the needle valve of Fig. 19a may be used, in which a side scavenging inlet and an opposite side scavenging outlet are provided.
• the second embodiment of the needle valve according to FIG. 19b is more advantageous, in which a check valve is provided at the scavenging inlet. Since the pressure release valve 27 is opened at high pressure, the check valve prevents a pressure release in the direction of the scavenging inlet.
• the Spülauslass can open into the drain 29, so that both the pressure relief and the Spülstoffablass takes place only to the drain 29 out and not to Rinse inlet.
• the lock chamber 21 has a printing input 35 in a lower region, via which the lock chamber 21 can be printed.
• the printing input 35 is in the embodiment of FIG. 1 via a pressure relief valve 37 in the form of a needle valve shut off with a pressure accumulator 39 and via throttles 41, 42 connected to the high pressure line 5.
• the pressure accumulator 39 has two accumulator units in the form of spring accumulators, which are connected in parallel with the inlet of Bevikungsventils 37.
• the pressure accumulator 39 is connected via the throttle 41 to the high-pressure line 5.
• the throttles 41, 42 may be configured statically, for example in the form of pinhole diaphragms, or adjustable or controllable. If the throttles 41, 42 can be adjusted to a degree at which the connection between the high-pressure line 5 and the pressure input 35 can be shut off completely, the pressurization valve 37 can possibly be dispensed with.
• the accumulator 39 is fully pressurized before the lock chamber 21 is printed. As soon as the pressure valve 37 is opened, the pressure accumulator 39 discharges into the lock chamber 21 and thus quickly imprints it to approximately 40% of the high pressure po which is provided in the high-pressure line 5 as a nominal high-pressure source 3. By this rapid Operabedruckung a pressure pulse is introduced from below into the lock chamber 21, which loosens the abrasive.
• the pressure accumulator 39 is immediately loaded again from the moment in which he has discharged pressure.
• the high-pressure line 5 prints both the lock chamber 21 with the residual pressure and the pressure accumulator 39. This is particularly advantageous if the Pressure loading of the accumulator 39 is so time-consuming that the Nach Scholl begangrate of the pressure charging time of the accumulator 39 depends.
• the pressure accumulator 39 can be shut off with a pressure accumulator valve 43 in the form of a needle valve.
• the accumulator valve 43 can be shut off in order not to burden the high pressure line 5 during the printing of the lock chamber 21 in addition to the pressure loading of the accumulator 39.
• Such a load could cause a pressure drop in the high-pressure line 5, which could have a negative influence on the cutting performance at the outlet nozzle 7. It is therefore advantageous to open the pressure accumulator valve 43 only when the lock chamber 21 is completely printed and the pressure valve 37 is closed, so that the pressure accumulator 39 can be pressure-loaded via the throttle 41 from the high-pressure line 5.
• the filling of the lock chamber 21 and the refilling of the pressure vessel 1 1 can usually take longer than the pressure loading of the accumulator 39.
• the throttle 41 may be set so that the printing of the accumulator 39 runs as slowly as possible, but still fast enough so that before the next Passage for printing the lock chamber 21 of the pressure accumulator 39 is completely loaded with pressure.
• the pressure accumulator 39 is entirely dispensed with and the lock chamber 21 is printed exclusively via the throttle 41 from the high-pressure line 5.
• the high-pressure source 3 for example via a servo-pump control, so quickly to an initial pressure drop react and adjust the pump power accordingly fast that it does not even come to a large amplitude of pressure drop.
• the high-pressure source 3 can be informed of an initial pressure drop, so that the high-pressure source 3 can quickly counteract a further pressure drop with an increase in output or speed increase.
• the initial pressure drop can already be mitigated, so there is no time to a pressure drop, which significantly affects the cutting performance.
• the refill valve 19 can be opened, so that gravity-based or -unterectiv abrasive can flow from the lock chamber 21 through the refill valve 19 into the pressure vessel 1 1 to refill this.
• a conveying aid 45 for example in the form of a pump, is provided, which is connected on the suction side with the pressure vessel 1 1 and the pressure side with the lock chamber 21.
• the conveying aid 45 supports or generates the abrasive flow from the lock chamber 21 down into the pressure vessel 1 1. It can prevent or dissolve clogging of abrasive and accelerate the gravity-assisted refill process.
• the conveying aid 45 operates on the pressure vessel 1 1 with water under the nominal high pressure po. It must therefore be designed for high-pressure operation. For example, as shown in Fig. 6b, it may only have an inductively driven paddle wheel in the high pressure, so that the number of moving parts under high pressure is minimized.
• a truly Büabsperrventil 47 is disposed between the conveying aid 45 and the lock chamber 21, wherein the clarffleabsperrventil 47 in the form of a needle valve, the pump 47 against the lock chamber 21 shut off when the lock chamber 21 is not or not completely printed.
• the auxiliary conveying shut-off valve 47 is a êtba Res needle valve according to FIG. 19b with a check valve on Spülle- lass, since it is operated under high pressure.
• FIGS. 6a-c show various alternative embodiments for the conveying aid 45.
• the conveying aid 45 may have, for example, an impeller driven by a shaft from the outside (see FIG. 6a) or an inductively driven impeller (see FIG. 6b).
• the conveying aid 45 can also support the refilling of abrasive in the pressure vessel 1 1 via a piston stroke (see FIG. 6c).
• the conveying aid 45 can continuously pump or convey or temporally limited or pulsed. It may possibly be sufficient if the Abrasivstoffschpound is only initially supported in the pressure vessel 1 1 and then gravity-assisted alone continues fast enough. Alternatively or additionally, the abrasive flow into the pressure vessel 1 1 can be continuously supported or generated.
• the refill valve 19 In addition to an upper valve inlet 49 and a lower valve outlet 51, the refill valve 19 also has a lateral pressure inlet 53. Via the pressure inlet 53, a valve chamber, in which there is a movable valve body, can be printed. Namely, without printing on the valve space, it may be that when the system is started up, the very high pressures on the valve inlet 49 and the valve outlet 51 press the valve body so strongly into the valve seat that the valve body can no longer be moved. Via the lateral pressure inlet 53, a pressure compensation in the refill valve 19 can be made, so that the valve body is movable after commissioning.
• a purge for the refill valve 19 is provided.
• a flushing source 55 can be shut-off connected to the pressure inlet 53 (see FIG. 4).
• three flushing valves 57, 59, 61 are provided for this purpose. seen, the flushing on and off to be able to disconnect from the high pressure.
• a first purge valve 57 in the form of a needle valve is arranged between the conveying aid 45 and the pressure inlet 53.
• a second flushing valve 59, also referred to herein as Spülauslassventil 59 is arranged in the form of a needle valve between a side Spülauslass 63 and a drain 65.
• a third purge valve 61 in the form of a needle valve is disposed between the purge source 55 and the pressure inlet 53.
• the refill valve 19 is preferably closed.
• the first purge valve 57 is also closed so that pressure can be released from the pressure inlet 53 without relieving the pressure at the delivery aid 45.
• the second flushing valve 59 is opened to the drain 65, so that the possibly existing high pressure can be discharged from the valve chamber.
• the third flush valve 61 is opened, water or a water-detergent mixture flows through the valve chamber to the drain 65 and thus rinses this free from Abrosivstoffresten.
• the rinsing of the refill valve 19 is carried out at completely pressureless system 1 as a service procedure in order to completely rinse the valve chamber and possibly to be able to move the valve body thereby.
• a rinse inlet 66 may be provided separately from the pressure inlet 53 (see also FIGS. 15a-b and 17a-b).
• the pressure inlet 53 may be coaxial with and juxtaposed with a servomotor shaft 86, wherein the scavenging inlet 66 and scavenging outlet 63 may be disposed transversely of the servomotor shaft 86 coaxially with one another and on opposite sides, respectively.
• the purging is terminated by closing the three flushing valves 57, 59, 61 in the reverse order, that is, the third flushing valve 61 is first closed, so that the flushing flow is stopped.
• the second purge valve 59 is closed to complete the valve space opposite to the drain 65.
• the first purge valve 57 can be opened so that the valve space is printed at high pressure.
• the printing of the valve chamber is advantageous because a valve body in the refill valve 19 can be pressed so strongly into a valve seat by the high pressure difference between the valve outlet 51 or valve inlet 49 and the valve chamber that this can no longer be moved.
• the printing of the valve space creates a pressure equalization, so that the valve body 19 remains movable in the refill valve.
• the Abrasiveffen Downstream of the pressure vessel 1 1, the Abrasivesch Arthur before the outlet nozzle 7 is again merged with the high-pressure line 5, so that the cutting jet, for example, in a mixing ratio of 1: 9 abrasive suspension and water.
• the mixing ratio is regulated via the input side to the pressure vessel 1 1 connected throttle or control valve 17.
• the Abrasivstoffentddling strain At maximum open position of the control valve 17, the Abrasivstoffent Spotify Let the Abra- sivmi ⁇ elen ⁇ flow was minimal or zero and the mixing ratio correspondingly low or contains the cutting jet 9 then only water.
• the maximum level cone Fmax is defined by the fact that with further refilling with abrasive in the pressure vessel 1 1, a backflow into the refill valve 19 would result.
• the minimum level cone Fmin is defined by the fact that the abrasive agent content of the abrasive agent suspension in the output-side abrasive medium line 70 would decrease on further removal of the abrasive agent.
• fill level sensors 72, 74, 76 can be arranged on the pressure vessel 11 in order to achieve the achievement of a filling level. signal state cones.
• the fill level sensors 72, 74, 76 may be, for example, ultrasonic sensors, optical sensors or barriers, electromagnetic sensors or sensors of another type.
• the level sensors 72, 74, 76 ultrasonic sensors that can signal a reaching a level cone on a change in structure-borne noise.
• an upper level sensor 72 may signal the reaching of the level cone Fi and start a timer or define a time ti.
• a lower level sensor 74 may signal the reaching of the level cone F2 and stop a timer at At or define a time h.
• a mean Abr- sivstoffentddlingl can be determined as AV / At and AV / (t2-ti).
• the third lowermost level sensor 76 can signal the minimum level cone Fmin and immediately cause a shut-off of the shut-off valve 15 in order to prevent empty suction of the pressure vessel 1 1.
• other operating parameters such as the pump speed of the high-pressure source 3 for determining the abrasive fluid removal flow and its regulation can also be used as the controlled variable for the control valve 17.
• the abrasive medium flow or the mixing ratio can also be determined by means of a corresponding sensor 79 on the abrasive medium line 70 or in front of the outlet nozzle 7 and used as a control variable for the control valve 17.
• the level sensors 72, 74 can also be used to control or clock the refill cycles.
• a filling of the lock chamber 21 can fit above the upper level sensor 72 between the level cone Fi and the maximum level cone Fmax. If the level cone falls below Fi, the upper level sensor 72 can trigger a filling of the lock chamber 21, so that it is completely filled when the lower level sensor 74, the filling level signal level F2 signaled and thus a refill from the filled lock chamber 21 in the pressure vessel 1 1 can trigger. This prevents the level cone from falling to the minimum level cone Fmin. Between the minimum fill level cone Fmin and the fill level cone F2, at least one fill of the lock chamber 21 can likewise be used as a buffer.
• the lock chamber 21 can be automatically filled again immediately as soon as the refilling of the pressure vessel 1 1 is completed. Then only with the level cone F2 refilling from the lock chamber 21 needs to be triggered.
• the vertical distance between the upper level sensor 72 and the lower level sensor 74 may be chosen to be relatively short, for example, so short that a decrease between Fi and F2 lasts shorter than a filling operation of the lock chamber 21. With a shorter vertical distance, the average abrasive take-off flow AV / ⁇ ⁇ and AV / ( ⁇ 2- ⁇ i), respectively, can be more frequently determined and thus more accurately reflect the current abrasive take-off flow dV / dt.
• FIGS. 8 to 12 show various possibilities of adding abrasive agents in dry, wet, moist, suspended, frozen, pelletized or other form into the refilling funnel 25 or directly into the filling valve 23.
• a precharge container 78 is provided, from which by means of a pump 80 abrasive suspension is conveyed into the refilling funnel 25.
• a pump 80 Via an overflow 82 at the refilling funnel, water can drain during loading of the refilling funnel 25, which is displaced by the sinking abrasive.
• a precharge container 78 is provided from which dry pulverulent or moist lumpy abrasive agent is conveyed into the refilling funnel 25 by means of a conveyor screw 84 and / or a conveyor belt 85.
• About the overflow 82 at the refilling funnel 25 can Here, too, drain water during the loading of the refilling funnel, which is displaced by the sinking abrasive.
• the abrasive can be recovered and processed, for example, after a cutting process from the waste water of the cutting jet 9, so that it can be used for a further cutting process.
• the advantage of this plant compared to known water abrasive injection cutting machines is that such a recycled abrasive does not have to be dried and can be filled into the plant in wet-lumpy or any form.
• a screw conveyor 84 may be arranged on the input side to Nach Scholltrichter 25 to promote abrasive in the refilling funnel 25. This is particularly advantageous if no Abrasivstoffsuspension in Vorlade authorer 78, but abrasive as a dry powder or in moist-lumpy form.
• the replenishment of the abrasive in the pressure vessel 1 1 is carried out portioned and cyclically while a workpiece to be machined can be continuously cut with the cutting jet 9 according to an embodiment of the disclosed herein water-abrasive suspension cutting.
• 13 illustrates the method steps in terms of time.
• a first step 301 water is provided under high pressure in the high-pressure line 5 by means of the high-pressure source 3.
• a pressurized Abrasivstoffsuspension in the pressure vessel 1 1 is then provided 303.
• the steps 307 to 31 1 serve the portioned and cyclic refilling of the pressure vessel 1 1 with abrasive during the continuous separation 305.
• the unprinted lock chamber 21 is filled with abrasive or Abrasivstoffsuspension 307.
• the conveying aid 45 is by the winning Anlagenabsperrventil 47 of the unprinted Lock chamber 21 shut off.
• the pump 31 is shut off from the lock chamber 21 308.
• the lock chamber is at least partially printed by pressure discharge of the accumulator 39 309, and finally the pressure vessel 1 1 with abrasive or an abrasive suspension via the refill valve 19 from the printed lock chamber 21 refilled 31 1.
• the conveying aid 45 via the opened cooked Anlagenabsperrventil 47 fluidly connected to the printed lock chamber 21.
• the pressure valve 37 and the refill valve 19 shut off in order to relieve the lock chamber 21 via the pressure relief valve 27 into the outlet 29 for the next filling step.
• the accumulator can be pressure loaded via the throttle 41 from the high pressure line 5 313.
• the Sluice chamber 21 can be printed 315 from the high pressure line 5 at least partially via the throttle 41. This slow throttled printing 315 from the high pressure line 5 can last longer than the rapid printing 309 by the pressure discharge of the pressure accumulator 39.
• the printing 309 of the lock chamber 21 by pressure discharge of the accumulator can be done so quickly that in the lock chamber 21 befindliches abrasive is loosened by a pressure surge.
• the printing 309 of the lock chamber is effected by pressure discharge of the pressure accumulator 39, preferably in a lower region of the lock chamber 21, since any blockages of abrasive in a lower region are more probable than in an upper region.
• the printing input 35 of the lock chamber 21 from the accumulator 39 and / or the high-pressure line 5 during filling 307 and the refilling 31 1 is shut off.
• the pressure The 313 of the pressure accumulator 39 can thus be carried out during filling 307 and / or the refilling 31 1.
• energy can be stored in the pressure accumulator 39 via a spring or fluid compression, which can be designed, for example, as a spring or bladder accumulator.
• the filling 307, the printing 309 and the refilling 31 1 can run cyclically while the cutting 305 can be carried out continuously.
• the pressure accumulator 39 can be shut off by the pressure-accumulator valve 43 by discharging the pressure accumulator 39 from the high-pressure line 5.
• the pressure accumulator valve 43 may preferably be opened again for pressure loading of the pressure accumulator 39 only when the lock chamber 21 has been printed on the throttle 41 from the high-pressure line 5.
• Fig. 14 illustrates an exemplary course of the pressure p over the time t in the lock chamber 21 (top), in the pressure accumulator 39 (center) and in the high-pressure line 5 (bottom).
• the pressure in the unprinted lock chamber 21 is initially the ambient pressure, which here lies on the zero line.
• the lock chamber 21 can be filled 307 in this unprinted phase before the start of printing 309 at time to.
• the refilling 31 1 can begin and the pressure vessel 39 can be simultaneously reloaded with pressure 313.
• the lock chamber 21 is completely printed via the throttle 41 over the time window B away from the high-pressure line 5.
• the refill valve 19 is opened so that abrasive can flow into the pressure vessel 11.
• the abrasive has completely flowed out of the lock chamber 21 in the pressure vessel 1 1 and the refilling step 31 1 completed.
• the pressure from the lock chamber 21 can be discharged relatively quickly via the pressure relief valve 27 into the drain 29 until at again low pressure in the lock chamber 21 prevails. Then, a new refill cycle starting with the filling 307 of the lock chamber 21 can start.
• the accumulator 39 is preferably as slow as possible and throttled from h to pressure from the high pressure line 5 again to be fully loaded at to printing again 309 for to.
• the lower graph shows the pressure drop in the high-pressure line 5 when opening the Bescherungsventils 37 at to or the accumulator valve 43 at h.
• the amplitude of the pressure drop is reduced in each case via the throttle 41 to a level at which the cutting performance of the cutting jet 9 is not significantly impaired.
• FIGS. 15a and 15b the refill valve 19 is shown in a more detailed cross-section in respectively different open positions. Since the refill valve 19 must be actuated at high pressure on the valve inlet 49 and the valve outlet 51, the trouble-free operation of the refill valve 19 is a technical challenge. The Reliable opening and closing of the refill valve 19 is now ensured by four unrestraps, each of which, either alone or in any combination of two, three, or all four sub-aspirations, assert that the refill valve 1 9 is not obstructed or blocked by the abradable medication.
• the Nach Schoglallvenfil 19 which is preferably designed as a ball valve, has a vertical flow direction D from top to bottom and has a centrally disposed and about a perpendicular to the flow direction D rotation axis R rotatable Venfilianu 67 with spherical outer surfaces.
• the Venfil body 67 has a central opening 69, which runs parallel to the flow direction D and perpendicular to the axis of rotation R in the open positions shown in FIGS. 15 a and 15 b.
• the first open position according to FIG. 15 a differs from the second open position according to FIG. 15 b in that the valve body 67 is rotated through 180 ° with respect to the axis of rotation R.
• the Venfilianu 67 sits in a valve chamber 71 between an upper valve seat 73 and a lower valve seat 75.
• the upper valve seat 73 forms the Venfileingang 49 and the lower valve seat 75, the valve outlet 51st
• the upper valve seat 73 and the lower valve seat 75 are arranged coaxially with each other and to the vertical flow direction D.
• the valve chamber 71 can be purged via the lateral flushing inlet 66 and via the flushing outlet 63 located diametrically opposite the flushing inlet 66, preferably in the case of a completely pressureless refilling valve 19.
• the refill film 19 is capable of assuming a first closing position (FIG. 16a), a first opening position (FIG. 15a) and a second opening position (FIG. 15b), in the first closing position (FIG. Fig. 16a) the lock chamber 21 is fluid-free from the pressure vessel 1 1 and in the first and the second open position (Fig. 15a-b) the lock chamber 21 with the pressure vessel 1 1 is fluidly connected.
• the first opening position and the second opening position are substantially indistinguishable because of the symmetry of the valve body 67.
• the valve body 67 can be rotated arbitrarily far in one direction about the axis of rotation R, so that a reversal of the direction of rotation is in principle not necessary and the valve body 67 can be actuated exclusively in one direction of rotation, provided that the torque required for this does not exceed a certain threshold.
• the first closed position of FIG. 16a is here at 90 ° between the first open position and the second open position. In this case, there is also a second closed position (see FIG. 16b), which is rotated 180 ° relative to the first closed position about the axis of rotation R.
• the opening 69 extends in the closed positions shown in FIGS.
• valve 16a and 16b both perpendicular to the flow direction D and perpendicular to the rotation axis R, so that the valve body 67 seals the valve inlet 49 at the upper valve seat 73 and the valve outlet 51 at the lower valve seat 75.
• the optional purge inlet 66 and purge outlet 63 are not shown, but may be provided.
• valve body 67 can be moved in the other direction of movement and the valve 19 can be brought into the other open position / closed position.
• the obstruction or blockage can be resolved by the reversal as a positive side effect, so that at the next operation, the previously blocked movement direction is free again.
• the refill valve 19 can be freed even by repeated back and forth turning, for example, if the valve body 67 is difficult to operate in both directions of movement.
• the valve space 71 can be printed in a closed position of the valve body 67. According to FIG.
• the valve chamber 71 has the pressure inlet 53, via which the valve chamber 71 can be printed in a closed position of the valve body 67.
• the pressure inlet 53 is here in the yz plane coaxially with a servomotor shaft 86 arranged opposite to this. Alternatively, the pressure inlet 53 can also lie in the xz plane perpendicular to it and if necessary be used as flushing inlet 66 as required. Via the servomotor shaft 86, the valve body 67 is rotated about the rotation axis R. When commissioning or recommissioning the initially pressureless system 1, the valve chamber 71 is initially depressurized.
• the valve body 67 can be clamped by the valve seats 73, 75 because of the input-side and output-side high pressure with simultaneous low pressure in the valve chamber 71 and be difficult or impossible to move.
• the pressure inlet 53 By means of the pressure inlet 53, the pressure difference between the valve chamber 71 and the valve inlet 49 and the valve outlet 51 during commissioning can be largely reduced, so that the valve body 67 is not clamped by the high pressure.
• the upper valve seat 73 is shown adjustable according to the fourth sub-aspect via an adjusting device.
• the upper valve seat 73 can be positioned via an external thread by means of a rotation about the flow direction D in the z-direction. The rotation can be performed manually or motor driven by attacking from the outside in attack surfaces 77 lever 88.
• the valve space is flushable as shown, for example, in FIGS. 15a-b.
• the pressure inlet 53 can optionally serve as flushing inlet 66. This is particularly advantageous in combination with the second sub-aspect of a pressure inlet 53, as a rinsing passage at unpressurized valve chamber 71 or completely pressureless system 1 can be performed and then when restarting the system 1, the valve chamber 71 can be printed on the pressure inlet 53 again, so that the valve body 67 is not clamped by the high pressure.
• the refill valve on the input-side upper valve seat 73 and the output-side lower valve seat 75 wherein at least one of the valve seats 73, 75 is adjustable, so that the distance of the valve seats 73, 75 is adjustable to each other.
• the refill valve 19 can be optimally adjusted to be both tight and on the other hand not to block. It may be advantageous to readjust the distance of the valve seats 73, 75 to each other during commissioning of the system, in case of temperature fluctuations, a persistent blockage by abrasive and / or due to material wear. In order not to switch off the system and disassemble it, as shown in Fig.
• a tool opening 90 may be provided through which a tool in the form of a lever 88 can engage to adjust the at least one adjustable valve seat 73.
• the adjustment of the valve seat 73 is performed in a service procedure at unpressurized system 1.
• the upper input-side valve seat 73 via an external thread axially along the flow direction D is adjustable.
• Levers 88 can be attached from the outside to circumferentially arranged engagement surfaces 77 (see Fig. 18b) to rotate the valve seat 73.
• the refill valve 19 does not need to be disconnected from the system 1 or dismantled. The operator can thus manually intervene immediately to ensure continuous operation, or turn off the system 1 and de-pressure to perform the adjustment of the valve seat 73 as a service procedure.
• the readjustment can also be controlled automatically and / or controlled by a motor.
• the valve body 67 is preferably controlled by a servo motor, not shown, rotated about the rotation axis R.
• the possibly measured torque or the power consumption of the engine can be monitored so that when a threshold value is exceeded, the direction of rotation can be changed over to the other open position or closed position.
• torque or power spikes may be recorded over a period of time and an error or maintenance case signaled based on this record. For example, the need for readjusting the valve seat 73 may be indicated.
• FIGS. 19a-b show two embodiments of flushable needle valves which may be used, for example, as one or more of the shut-off valves 15, 27, 33, 37, 47 or elsewhere in the plant 1.
• the needle valve according to FIG. 19 a is preferably used where the needle valve does not have to open or close under high pressure, for example as a pump shut-off valve 33 in the circuit to support the filling of the lock chamber 21.
• the Pumpenabsperrventil 33 in this case has a high-pressure inlet 92 which is shut off with respect to a high-pressure inlet 92 coaxially disposed and axially positionable needle 94 with respect to a low-pressure outlet 95.
• the needle 94 has at a high pressure input 92 end facing a conical closing surface 96 which can be pressed against a valve seat 98 to shut off. As soon as the high pressure input 92 is shut off, high pressure can be applied to the high pressure input 92 without it escaping via the low pressure outlet 95. When there is no high pressure at high pressure inlet 92, pump shutoff valve 33 may be opened to allow low pressure flow from high pressure input 92 to low pressure output 95.
• the needle valve according to FIG. 19a-b also has a rinsing inlet 100, through which the opened needle valve can be flushed through, wherein rinsing liquid, ie water or water with cleaning additives, can flow out via the low-pressure outlet 95.
• Fig. 19b shows a needle valve with a check valve 102 on the rinse inlet 100.
• the check valve 102 prevents backflow into the rinse inlet 100 and allows only a flow of rinsing liquid in the direction of the needle valve. This is useful if the needle valve, for example, as one or more of the shut-off valves 15, 27, 37, 47 is used, since there the valve is opened when the high pressure input 92 high pressure prevails.
• the low-pressure outlet 95 can also be a high-pressure outlet 95 in this case.
• the low-pressure outlet 95 is connected to a drain 29.
• the high-pressure outlet 95 is connected to the pressure input 35 of the lock chamber 21 in order to pressurize it with high pressure.
• the needle valves are pneumatically operated by a presser (not shown).
• a presser to counteract the pressure acting on the needle tip in the form of the conical closing surface 96 high pressure, an air pressure can be given to the much larger Anpressteller, so with a few bar air pressure, the needle valve closed and held against a high pressure of 1 .500 bar and more tight.

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• 2017
  • 2017-03-31 CA CA3058491A patent/CA3058491A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2017-03-31 AU AU2017407668A patent/AU2017407668A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2017-03-31 US US16/498,830 patent/US20210107115A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2017-03-31 CN CN201780091528.6A patent/CN110691675A/zh active Pending
  • 2017-03-31 EP EP17717103.0A patent/EP3600768A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-03-31 WO PCT/EP2017/057785 patent/WO2018177558A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2017-03-31 JP JP2019553514A patent/JP2020515423A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-03-31 KR KR1020197032245A patent/KR20190134717A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2017-03-31 MX MX2019011521A patent/MX2019011521A/es unknown

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