EP3597941B1 - Method for operating a hydraulic consumer by an electrically actuated control valve - Google Patents

Method for operating a hydraulic consumer by an electrically actuated control valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3597941B1
EP3597941B1 EP19185918.0A EP19185918A EP3597941B1 EP 3597941 B1 EP3597941 B1 EP 3597941B1 EP 19185918 A EP19185918 A EP 19185918A EP 3597941 B1 EP3597941 B1 EP 3597941B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control unit
valve
pressure
hydraulic
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19185918.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3597941A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Remmelmann Dr.
Christian Brüser Dr.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deere and Co
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Deere and Co
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Publication of EP3597941A1 publication Critical patent/EP3597941A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/002—Calibrating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/08—Regulating by delivery pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/26—Control
    • F04B1/28—Control of machines or pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F04B1/29—Control of machines or pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F04B1/295—Control of machines or pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/26—Control
    • F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
    • F04B1/32—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F04B1/324—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/002—Hydraulic systems to change the pump delivery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/12—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
    • F15B21/082—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means with different modes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
    • F15B21/087—Control strategy, e.g. with block diagram
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/10—Other safety measures
    • F04B49/106—Responsive to pumped volume
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20546—Type of pump variable capacity
    • F15B2211/20553—Type of pump variable capacity with pilot circuit, e.g. for controlling a swash plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
    • F15B2211/3105—Neutral or centre positions
    • F15B2211/3111—Neutral or centre positions the pump port being closed in the centre position, e.g. so-called closed centre
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/327—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/605—Load sensing circuits
    • F15B2211/6051—Load sensing circuits having valve means between output member and the load sensing circuit
    • F15B2211/6055—Load sensing circuits having valve means between output member and the load sensing circuit using pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure
    • F15B2211/6309—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure the pressure being a pressure source supply pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
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    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
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    • F15B2211/6313—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure the pressure being a load pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/6333—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a state of the pressure source, e.g. swash plate angle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/6336—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a state of the output member, e.g. position, speed or acceleration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/634—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a state of a valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/6346—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a state of input means, e.g. joystick position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
    • F15B2211/6653—Pressure control
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    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B2211/6654—Flow rate control
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B2211/6658—Control using different modes, e.g. four-quadrant-operation, working mode and transportation mode
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/86—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions
    • F15B2211/8643—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions the abnormal condition being a human failure
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/88—Control measures for saving energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a hydraulic consumer on an electrically actuatable control valve which, in an open valve position, establishes a connection between a valve inlet and a pilot line connected to a control port for influencing a pivoting angle that can be set on an axial piston pump and that produces a pivot angle that is adjacent to the valve inlet , provides the system pressure dependent on the swivel angle.
  • Such hydraulic consumers are used, for example, in agricultural attachments or additional devices for performing a wide variety of work functions, these being connected via associated hydraulic hoses to a control valve block comprised by an agricultural tractor.
  • the control valve block consists of a large number of electrically actuatable control valves, each of which has a first and second hydraulic connection, which acts as an inlet and a return, for attaching a respective hydraulic consumer.
  • the valve position of the control valve can be set as desired by the operator using an operator terminal provided in the agricultural tractor.
  • WO 92/10685 A1 discloses a hydraulic system with an adjustable control pump for supplying several hydraulic consumers.
  • Each of the hydraulic consumers is assigned a control valve which can be fed with hydraulic fluid by the regulating pump and which is used to set a desired consumer flow.
  • the adjustment of the regulating pump takes place in accordance with a control pressure weighted via a changeover valve cascade, which is tapped at the control valves via associated pilot lines in such a way that the control pump receives feedback on the pressure conditions applied to the hydraulic consumers.
  • a control device which is supplied with information on the pump pressure and the swivel position of the control pump, selectively reduces the consumer flows by throttling the control valves.
  • hydraulic consumers in which, due to the principle of operation, no (significant) delivery volume flow flows, so that the system pressure built up by the axial piston pump unnecessarily assumes a maximum value as a result of the resulting hydraulic back pressure.
  • hydraulic consumers designed as hydraulic linear position transducers.
  • the two different approaches reflect two different types of consumers.
  • the first type of consumer according to (i) is generally hydraulic rotary drives with continuous hydraulic consumption, whereas the second type of consumer according to (ii) typically includes hydraulic linear actuators with more or less limited travel.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to reliably identify an incorrect setting leading to corresponding hydraulic power losses in each of the two consumer types and to correct it by initiating suitable countermeasures.
  • Operator information indicating the incorrect setting is preferably output via a display terminal connected to the control unit.
  • the operator information can contain references to the type of incorrect setting and / or on the hydraulic consumer concerned as well as recommendations and instructions for the initiation of suitable countermeasures.
  • the valve position can be adapted by the control unit to the delivery volume flow resulting from the current swivel angle of the axial piston pump when a maladjustment of the control valve is detected.
  • the swivel angle is recorded by means of a rotary encoder, the angle information of which is fed to the control unit for evaluation, for example via a CAN data bus.
  • the control valve is closed until the value of the delivery volume flow to be expected based on the valve position of the control valve corresponds to the (actual) delivery volume flow resulting from the respective pivot angle. The need for subsequent throttling, including the associated hydraulic power losses, can accordingly be avoided.
  • Whether the value of the delivery volume flow corresponding to the current swivel angle has been reached at the control valve can easily be recognized by the control unit on the basis of a drop in speed at the hydraulic consumer that occurs during further closing.
  • the speed is available, for example, on an ISOBUS data network which communicates with the agricultural attachment and via which speed information from a speed sensor assigned to the hydraulic consumer is transmitted to the control unit.
  • the associated valve position can then be stored in a memory unit connected to the control unit so that it is available when the same hydraulic consumer is reconnected and does not have to be determined again.
  • an overpressure valve that is adjustable with respect to a pressure threshold value to be arranged on the control valve between the pilot line and the valve outlet, with the pressure threshold value from the control unit corresponding to a specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic system in the event of a detected incorrect setting of the system pressure Consumer is reduced.
  • Such control valves equipped with an adjustable pressure relief valve are available as standard, so that such a function can be implemented without any problems.
  • the specific pressure requirement can be predetermined and stored in a memory unit connected to the control unit.
  • the associated pressure threshold value can be specified by the operator by selecting the agricultural attachment to be operated from a device database via an operating terminal connected to the control unit. Direct input of the pressure threshold value (which is generally unknown to the operator) is therefore unnecessary.
  • the agricultural attachment to be operated can be selected from the device database using a device identifier transmitted to the control unit via an ISOBUS data network or via RFID data transmission.
  • the control unit receives the specific pressure requirement or information corresponding to it be communicated by the hydraulic consumer via a data network communicating with the control unit.
  • control unit determines the specific pressure requirement on the basis of an operating pressure drop occurring at the hydraulic consumer and that it is stored in a memory unit connected to the control unit with the assignment of an identifier for the hydraulic consumer in question, so that it can be renewed at a later point in time Use is available.
  • This procedure is particularly suitable for agricultural attachments with hydraulic consumers, the specific pressure requirement of which cannot be called up by selection from a device database and is therefore unknown.
  • the device database can then be supplemented with the determined specific pressure requirement with regard to the agricultural attachment.
  • the relevant operating pressure is available, for example, on an ISOBUS data network which communicates with the agricultural attachment and via which operating pressure information from an operating pressure sensor assigned to the hydraulic consumer is transmitted to the control unit.
  • the adjustment of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value can also be carried out manually via an operating terminal connected to the control unit, so that the operator has full control over the setting process at all times.
  • the operator receives feedback via a display terminal connected to the control unit as soon as the valve position with the flow rate of the axial piston pump resulting from the current swivel angle or that at the valve inlet applied system pressure corresponds to the specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic consumer.
  • Fig. 1 shows an arrangement encompassed by a utility vehicle for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the utility vehicle is an agricultural tractor 10, on which an agricultural attachment or additional device 12 is attached to a coupling device located in a rear or front area.
  • the coupling device is for example as Three-point linkage or designed as a pulling or coupling jaw.
  • the arrangement 14 comprises a microprocessor-controlled control unit 16 and a control valve block 20 consisting of a large number of electrically actuatable control valves 18a, 18b.Up to eight control valves are typically combined in a common control valve block 20, but in the present case only two of them are shown for the sake of clarity.
  • Each of the control valves 18a, 18b has an inflow and return in the form of first hydraulic connections 22a, 22b and second hydraulic connections 24a, 24b for operating a respective hydraulic consumer 26a, 26b of the agricultural attachment 12.
  • connection is made via hydraulic hoses 28a, 28b, 30a, 30b communicating with the hydraulic consumers 26a, 26b at the open ends of which hydraulic couplers 32a, 32b, 34a, 34b are attached, which connect to a respective coupling socket 36a, 36b, 38a, 38b of the respective Let control valve 18a, 18b releasably connect.
  • valve inlet 42a, 42b connected to an axial piston pump 40 and a valve outlet 46a, 46b opening into a hydraulic sump 44 are provided on each of the control valves 18a, 18b.
  • a pilot line 50 connected to a control port 48a, 48b of the control valve 18a, 18b is used to influence a swivel angle a that can be set on the axial piston pump 40, so that a system pressure p sys that is dependent on the swivel angle ⁇ is provided at the valve inlet 42a, 42b.
  • the control valves 18a, 18b can be moved by means of associated solenoids 52a, 54a, 52b, 54b against a restoring spring force from a closed valve position 56a, 56b into a first open valve position 58a, 58b or a second open valve position 60a, 60b, whereby these differ in each case with regard to the direction of the hydraulic flow to the hydraulic consumer 26a, 26a.
  • the function of the first and second hydraulic connection 22a, 22b, 24a, 24b as an inlet or return can therefore be reversed depending on the opening direction of the control valve 18a, 18b.
  • valve inlet 42a, 42b When the control valve 18a, 18b is opened, a connection is established between the valve inlet 42a, 42b and the pilot line 50 communicating with the control connection 48a, 48b.
  • the control pressure present at the control connection 48a, 48b or the pilot line 50 results from the degree of opening of the control valve 18a, 18b and, if it is fully open, assumes the system pressure p sys present at the valve inlet 42a, 42b.
  • One-way valves 62a, 62b connected downstream of the control connections 48a, 48b ensure that the highest of the control pressures on the part of the control valves 18a, 18b is applied to the pilot line 50 leading to the axial piston pump 40.
  • Fig. 1 two different types of control valve 64a, 64b are shown.
  • the first type of control valve 64a is of conventional design, whereas the second type of control valve 64b has an overpressure valve 66 which is adjustable with respect to a pressure threshold value and which is arranged between the pilot line 50 and the valve outlet 46a, 46b.
  • the two types of control valve 64a, 64b can be present in any combination within the control valve block 20.
  • Two different consumer types 68a, 68b are each connected to the two representatively shown control valve types 64a, 64b.
  • the first type of consumer 68a is a hydraulic rotary drive 70 with continuous hydraulic consumption
  • the second type of consumer 68b is formed by a hydraulic linear actuator 72.
  • the two hydraulic consumers 26a, 26b should be part of an agricultural attachment 12 designed as a sowing unit 74 and serve there to drive a blower 76 or to actuate a contact pressure control comprised by a row sowing unit 78.
  • the operation of the first consumer type 68a is compatible with both control valve types 64a, 64b, while the operation of the second consumer type 68b necessarily requires the second control valve type 64b.
  • each control valve 18a, 18b can be set by the operator via an operating terminal 80 provided in the agricultural tractor 10.
  • the control unit 16 is next to the operating terminal 80 and also has a display terminal 82, a storage unit 84, a data interface 88 communicating with an ISOBUS data network 86 of the agricultural attachment 12, a rotary encoder 90 for detecting the swivel angle ⁇ set on the axial piston pump 40 and a pressure sensor 92 for detecting the at the valve inlets 42a, 42b connected system pressure p sys .
  • the angle information of the rotary encoder 90 is fed to the control unit 16 together with the system pressure information provided by the pressure sensor 92 via a CAN data bus 94 of the agricultural tractor 10 for evaluation.
  • speed information from a speed sensor 96 assigned to the hydraulic rotary drive 70 and operating pressure information from an operating pressure sensor 98 assigned to the hydraulic linear actuator 72 are transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86, which reflect the operating pressure applied to the hydraulic linear actuator 72 on the input side.
  • an individual device identifier of the connected agricultural attachment 12 is transmitted to the control unit 16 via the ISOBUS data network 86.
  • the display terminal 82 is either designed as a structural unit separate from the operating terminal 80 or is combined with the operating terminal 80 in the form of a touch-sensitive screen.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention, illustrated in a flowchart.
  • the method is initiated when the agricultural tractor 10 is started up in a start step 100.
  • a first step 102 the information obtained by sensors with regard to the current system pressure p sys and the current pivot angle ⁇ of the axial piston pump 40 is fed to the control unit 16 via the CAN data bus 94.
  • These are used in a second step 104 by the control unit 16 in order to infer a possible incorrect setting of the first control valve 18a or of the system pressure p sys generated by the axial piston pump 40.
  • There are different procedures for this depending on the connected consumer type 68a, 68b.
  • the control unit 16 concludes that the first control valve 18a is incorrectly set when it detects that a delivery volume flow of the axial piston pump 40 resulting from the current pivot angle ⁇ is less than due to the valve position of the first control valve 18a expected value.
  • the latter is derived by the control unit 16 from the control current flowing to actuate the respective solenoid 52a, 54a, for which purpose it uses a control curve stored in the storage unit 84 for the first control valve 18a.
  • the control unit 16 concludes that the system pressure p sys has been set incorrectly, if it is recognized by this that the system pressure p sys present at the valve inlets 42a, 42b is maximum without a (significant) delivery volume flow flowing from the second control valve 18b in the direction of the hydraulic linear actuator 72.
  • operator information indicating an incorrect setting is output via the display terminal 82 connected to the control unit 16.
  • the operator information contains information on the type of incorrect setting and / or on the hydraulic consumers 26a, 26b concerned, as well as recommendations and instructions for taking suitable countermeasures. These are explained below.
  • a misadjustment of the first control valve 18a is detected, the valve position is determined by the control unit 16 (either at the prior request of the operator or automatically - see the following description in this regard ) is adapted to the delivery volume flow resulting from the current pivot angle ⁇ of the axial piston pump 40.
  • the first control valve 18a is closed by the control unit 16 until the value of the delivery volume flow to be expected based on the valve position of the first control valve 18a corresponds to the (actual) delivery volume flow of the axial piston pump 40 resulting from the respective pivot angle ⁇ within specified tolerances.
  • Whether the value of the delivery volume flow corresponding to the current swivel angle ⁇ is set at the first control valve 18a is recognized by the control unit 16 in the fourth step 108 on the basis of a speed drop on the hydraulic rotary drive 70 that occurs during further closing, for which purpose the speed information of the transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86
  • the speed sensor 96 assigned to the hydraulic rotary drive 70 can be evaluated by the control unit 16.
  • the first control valve 18a is then opened again to such an extent that the observed drop in speed does not just yet occur.
  • the associated valve position is then stored in a fifth step 110 in the memory unit 84 connected to the control unit 16, so that it is available when the same hydraulic rotary drive 70 or the agricultural attachment 12 encompassing it is reconnected and does not have to be determined again .
  • the pressure threshold value of the overpressure valve 66 is reduced by the control unit 16 in accordance with a specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic linear actuator 72 in the event of a detected incorrect setting of the system pressure p sys.
  • the specific pressure requirement of the relevant hydraulic consumer 26b (here the hydraulic linear actuator 72) is fixed and in the with the Storage unit 84 connected to the control unit 16 is stored.
  • the associated pressure threshold value is selected by the operator by selecting the agricultural attachment 12 to be operated from a device database via the operating terminal 80 connected to the control unit 16.
  • the agricultural attachment 12 to be operated is selected from the device database on the basis of the device identifier transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86.
  • the specific pressure requirement is determined by the control unit 16 in the sixth step 112 on the basis of an operating pressure drop occurring at the hydraulic linear actuator 72 and stored in the memory unit 84 connected to the control unit 16 with an identifier of the hydraulic linear actuator 72 so that it can be used again at a later point in time.
  • the control unit 16 evaluates the operating pressure information of the operating pressure sensor 98 assigned to the hydraulic linear actuator 72, which is transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86. This procedure is particularly suitable for agricultural attachments with hydraulic consumers, the specific pressure requirement of which cannot be called up by selection from a device database and is therefore unknown.
  • the adjustment of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value is carried out automatically by the control unit 16 in the sixth step 112 after prior approval by the operator via the operating terminal 80 connected to the control unit 16.
  • the adjustment of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value in the sixth step 112 is carried out manually by the operator via the operating terminal 80 connected to the control unit 16.
  • the operator receives feedback via the display terminal 82 connected to the control unit 16 as soon as the valve position with the delivery volume flow of the axial piston pump 40 or that at the valve inlets resulting from the current pivot angle ⁇ 42a, 42b applied system pressure p sys corresponds to the specific pressure requirement of the respective hydraulic consumer 26a, 26b within predetermined tolerances.
  • the method is then ended in a final step 114.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible for each of the two consumer types 68a, 68b to reliably identify an incorrect setting leading to corresponding hydraulic power losses and to remedy it by initiating suitable countermeasures.

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Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines hydraulischen Verbrauchers an einem elektrisch betätigbaren Steuerventil, das in einer geöffneten Ventilstellung eine Verbindung zwischen einem Ventileinlass und einer mit einem Steueranschluss verbundenen Pilotleitung zur Beeinflussung eines an einer Axialkolbenpumpe einstellbaren Schwenkwinkels herstellt, die einen am Ventileinlass anliegenden, vom Schwenkwinkel abhängigen Systemdruck bereitstellt.The invention relates to a method for operating a hydraulic consumer on an electrically actuatable control valve which, in an open valve position, establishes a connection between a valve inlet and a pilot line connected to a control port for influencing a pivoting angle that can be set on an axial piston pump and that produces a pivot angle that is adjacent to the valve inlet , provides the system pressure dependent on the swivel angle.

Derartige hydraulische Verbraucher finden beispielsweise bei landwirtschaftlichen Anbau- oder Zusatzgeräten zur Ausführung unterschiedlichster Arbeitsfunktionen Verwendung, wobei diese über zugehörige Hydraulikschläuche an einen von einem landwirtschaftlichen Traktor umfassten Steuerventilblock angeschlossen sind. Der Steuerventilblock besteht aus einer Vielzahl elektrisch betätigbarer Steuerventile, von denen jedes einen als Zu- bzw. Rücklauf wirkenden ersten und zweiten Hydraulikanschluss zur Anbringung eines jeweiligen hydraulischen Verbrauchers aufweist. Zur Inbetriebnahme des hydraulischen Verbrauchers lässt sich die Ventilstellung des Steuerventils bedienerseitig über ein in dem landwirtschaftlichen Traktor vorgesehenes Bedienterminal wunschgemäß einstellen.Such hydraulic consumers are used, for example, in agricultural attachments or additional devices for performing a wide variety of work functions, these being connected via associated hydraulic hoses to a control valve block comprised by an agricultural tractor. The control valve block consists of a large number of electrically actuatable control valves, each of which has a first and second hydraulic connection, which acts as an inlet and a return, for attaching a respective hydraulic consumer. To start up the hydraulic consumer, the valve position of the control valve can be set as desired by the operator using an operator terminal provided in the agricultural tractor.

Des Weiteren ist in der WO 92/10685 A1 ein Hydrauliksystem mit einer verstellbaren Regelpumpe zur Versorgung mehrerer Hydraulikverbraucher offenbart. Jedem der Hydraulikverbraucher ist ein seitens der Regelpumpe mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit speisbares Steuerventil zugeordnet, das der Einstellung eines gewünschten Verbraucherstroms dient. Die Verstellung der Regelpumpe erfolgt hierbei nach Maßgabe eines über eine Wechselventilkaskade gewichteten Steuerdrucks, der über zugehörige Pilotleitungen derart an den Steuerventilen abgegriffen wird, dass die Regelpumpe eine Rückmeldung der an den Hydraulikverbrauchern anliegenden Druckverhältnisse erhält. Übersteigt die Summe der sich aus den jeweiligen Ventilstellungen ergebenden Verbraucherströme eine von der Regelpumpe maximal lieferbare Fördermenge, so erfolgt seitens eines Steuergeräts, dem unter anderem Informationen hinsichtlich des Pumpendrucks sowie der Schwenkstellung der Regelpumpe zugeführt werden, eine gezielte Reduzierung der Verbraucherströme durch Drosselung der Steuerventile. Einer Unterversorgung höherpriorisierter Hydraulikverbraucher kann solchermaßen entgegengewirkt werden.Furthermore, in the WO 92/10685 A1 discloses a hydraulic system with an adjustable control pump for supplying several hydraulic consumers. Each of the hydraulic consumers is assigned a control valve which can be fed with hydraulic fluid by the regulating pump and which is used to set a desired consumer flow. The adjustment of the regulating pump takes place in accordance with a control pressure weighted via a changeover valve cascade, which is tapped at the control valves via associated pilot lines in such a way that the control pump receives feedback on the pressure conditions applied to the hydraulic consumers. If the sum of the consumer flows resulting from the respective valve positions exceeds a maximum delivery rate that can be delivered by the control pump, a control device, which is supplied with information on the pump pressure and the swivel position of the control pump, selectively reduces the consumer flows by throttling the control valves. An undersupply of higher-priority hydraulic consumers can be counteracted in this way.

In der Praxis hat sich herausgestellt, dass das Steuerventil von den meisten Bedienern von vornherein in eine vollständig geöffnete Ventilstellung versetzt wird, was dazu führt, dass die Axialkolbenpumpe über die Pilotleitung zur Gänze aufgeschwenkt wird. Bei bestimmten hydraulischen Verbrauchern hat dies zur Folge, dass der von der Axialkolbenpumpe zugeführte Fördervolumenstrom zu hoch ist und nachträglich gedrosselt werden muss. Dies gilt unter anderem für als hydraulische Rotationsantriebe ausgebildete hydraulische Verbraucher.In practice, it has been found that most operators set the control valve into a fully open valve position from the outset, which means that the axial piston pump is swiveled completely open via the pilot line. In the case of certain hydraulic consumers, this has the consequence that the delivery volume flow supplied by the axial piston pump is too high and has to be throttled afterwards. This applies, among other things, to hydraulic consumers designed as hydraulic rotary drives.

Daneben gibt es hydraulische Verbraucher, bei denen während des Betriebs prinzipbedingt kein (nennenswerter) Fördervolumenstrom fließt, sodass der von der Axialkolbenpumpe aufgebaute Systemdruck infolge des entstehenden hydraulischen Rückstaus unnötigerweise einen maximalen Wert annimmt. Hierzu zählen insbesondere als hydraulische Linearstellgeber ausgebildete hydraulische Verbraucher.In addition, there are hydraulic consumers in which, due to the principle of operation, no (significant) delivery volume flow flows, so that the system pressure built up by the axial piston pump unnecessarily assumes a maximum value as a result of the resulting hydraulic back pressure. These include, in particular, hydraulic consumers designed as hydraulic linear position transducers.

Bei beiden Verbrauchertypen kann es daher zu unerwünschten hydraulischen Leistungsverlusten kommen.Both types of consumers can therefore lead to undesirable hydraulic power losses.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, das eine verlässliche Erkennung unerwünschter hydraulischer Leistungsverluste beim Betreiben eines hydraulischen Verbrauchers erlaubt.It is the object of the present invention to specify a method of the type mentioned at the beginning which allows a reliable detection of undesired hydraulic power losses when operating a hydraulic consumer.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a method with the features of claim 1.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben eines hydraulischen Verbrauchers an einem elektrisch betätigbaren Steuerventil, das in einer geöffneten Ventilstellung eine Verbindung zwischen einem Ventileinlass und einer mit einem Steueranschluss verbundenen Pilotleitung zur Beeinflussung eines an einer Axialkolbenpumpe einstellbaren Schwenkwinkels herstellt, die einen am Ventileinlass anliegenden, vom Schwenkwinkel abhängigen Systemdruck bereitstellt, sieht vor, dass einer Kontrolleinheit sensorisch gewonnene Informationen hinsichtlich des aktuellen Systemdrucks sowie des aktuellen Schwenkwinkels der Axialkolbenpumpe zugeführt werden, um bei angeschlossenem hydraulischen Verbraucher auf eine Fehleinstellung

  1. (i) des Steuerventils zu schließen, wenn von der Kontrolleinheit erkannt wird, dass ein sich aus dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel ergebender Fördervolumenstrom der Axialkolbenpumpe kleiner ist als ein aufgrund der Ventilstellung des Steuerventils zu erwartender Wert, und
  2. (ii) des Systemdrucks zu schließen, wenn von der Kontrolleinheit erkannt wird, dass der an dem Ventileinlass anliegende Systemdruck maximal ist, ohne dass ein Fördervolumenstrom in Richtung des hydraulischen Verbrauchers fließt.
The method according to the invention for operating a hydraulic consumer on an electrically actuatable control valve which, in an open valve position, establishes a connection between a valve inlet and a pilot line connected to a control connection for influencing a swivel angle that can be set on an axial piston pump, the swivel angle being applied to the valve inlet and dependent on the swivel angle Provides system pressure, provides that information obtained by sensors with regard to the current system pressure and the current swivel angle of the axial piston pump is fed to a control unit in order to detect an incorrect setting when the hydraulic consumer is connected
  1. (i) to close the control valve when it is recognized by the control unit that a delivery volume flow of the axial piston pump resulting from the current swivel angle is less than a value to be expected based on the valve position of the control valve, and
  2. (ii) to close the system pressure when it is recognized by the control unit that the system pressure present at the valve inlet is at a maximum without a delivery volume flow flowing in the direction of the hydraulic consumer.

Die beiden unterschiedlichen Vorgehensweisen spiegeln hierbei zwei unterschiedliche Verbrauchertypen wieder. Bei dem ersten Verbrauchertyp gemäß (i) handelt es sich im Allgemeinen um hydraulische Rotationsantriebe mit kontinuierlichem Hydraulikverbrauch, wohingegen zum zweiten Verbrauchertyp gemäß (ii) typischerweise hydraulische Linearstellgeber mit mehr oder weniger begrenztem Stellweg zählen.The two different approaches reflect two different types of consumers. The first type of consumer according to (i) is generally hydraulic rotary drives with continuous hydraulic consumption, whereas the second type of consumer according to (ii) typically includes hydraulic linear actuators with more or less limited travel.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht es, bei jedem der beiden Verbrauchertypen eine zu entsprechenden hydraulischen Leistungsverlusten führende Fehleinstellung zuverlässig zu erkennen sowie durch Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen zu beheben.The method according to the invention makes it possible to reliably identify an incorrect setting leading to corresponding hydraulic power losses in each of the two consumer types and to correct it by initiating suitable countermeasures.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Vorzugweise wird über ein mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehendes Anzeigeterminal eine auf die Fehleinstellung hinweisende Bedienerinformation ausgegeben. Die Bedienerinformation kann Hinweise auf die Art der Fehleinstellung und/oder auf den betroffenen hydraulischen Verbraucher wie auch Handlungsempfehlungen bzw. -anweisungen für die Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen beinhalten.Operator information indicating the incorrect setting is preferably output via a display terminal connected to the control unit. The operator information can contain references to the type of incorrect setting and / or on the hydraulic consumer concerned as well as recommendations and instructions for the initiation of suitable countermeasures.

Im Hinblick auf den ersten Verbrauchertyp kann zur Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen vorgesehen sein, dass bei einer erkannten Fehleinstellung des Steuerventils die Ventilstellung von der Kontrolleinheit an den sich aus dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel der Axialkolbenpumpe ergebenden Fördervolumenstrom angepasst wird. Die Erfassung des Schwenkwinkels erfolgt hierbei mittels eines Drehgebers, dessen Winkelinformationen der Kontrolleinheit beispielsweise über einen CAN-Datenbus zur Auswertung zugeführt werden. Hierbei wird das Steuerventil soweit geschlossen, bis der aufgrund der Ventilstellung des Steuerventils zu erwartende Wert des Fördervolumenstroms mit dem sich aus dem jeweiligen Schwenkwinkel ergebenden (tatsächlichen) Fördervolumenstrom übereinstimmt. Die Notwendigkeit einer nachträglichen Drosselung einschließlich der damit verbundenen hydraulischen Leistungsverluste kann dementsprechend vermieden werden.With regard to the first type of consumer, to initiate suitable countermeasures, the valve position can be adapted by the control unit to the delivery volume flow resulting from the current swivel angle of the axial piston pump when a maladjustment of the control valve is detected. The swivel angle is recorded by means of a rotary encoder, the angle information of which is fed to the control unit for evaluation, for example via a CAN data bus. The control valve is closed until the value of the delivery volume flow to be expected based on the valve position of the control valve corresponds to the (actual) delivery volume flow resulting from the respective pivot angle. The need for subsequent throttling, including the associated hydraulic power losses, can accordingly be avoided.

Ob der dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel entsprechende Wert des Fördervolumenstroms am Steuerventil erreicht ist, kann von der Kontrolleinheit unschwer aufgrund eines beim weiteren Schließen auftretenden Drehzahlabfalls am hydraulischen Verbraucher erkannt werden. Die Drehzahl steht beispielsweise an einem mit dem landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugerät kommunizierenden ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk zur Verfügung, über das Drehzahlinformationen eines dem hydraulischen Verbraucher zugeordneten Drehzahlsensors an die Kontrolleinheit übermittelt werden.Whether the value of the delivery volume flow corresponding to the current swivel angle has been reached at the control valve can easily be recognized by the control unit on the basis of a drop in speed at the hydraulic consumer that occurs during further closing. The speed is available, for example, on an ISOBUS data network which communicates with the agricultural attachment and via which speed information from a speed sensor assigned to the hydraulic consumer is transmitted to the control unit.

Die zugehörige Ventilstellung kann anschließend in einer mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehenden Speichereinheit abgelegt werden, sodass diese beim erneuten Anschluss des selben hydraulischen Verbrauchers zur Verfügung steht und nicht nochmals bestimmt werden muss.The associated valve position can then be stored in a memory unit connected to the control unit so that it is available when the same hydraulic consumer is reconnected and does not have to be determined again.

Bezüglich des zweiten Verbrauchertyps kann zur Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen vorgesehen sein, dass an dem Steuerventil zwischen der Pilotleitung und dem Ventilauslass ein bezüglich eines Druckschwellenwerts einstellbares Überdruckventil angeordnet ist, wobei im Falle einer erkannten Fehleinstellung des Systemdrucks der Druckschwellenwert von der Kontrolleinheit entsprechend eines spezifischen Druckbedarfs des hydraulischen Verbrauchers reduziert wird. Derartige mit einem einstellbaren Überdruckventil ausgestattete Steuerventile sind serienmäßig erhältlich, sodass die Implementierung einer solchen Funktion problemlos möglich ist.With regard to the second type of consumer, to initiate suitable countermeasures, provision can be made for an overpressure valve that is adjustable with respect to a pressure threshold value to be arranged on the control valve between the pilot line and the valve outlet, with the pressure threshold value from the control unit corresponding to a specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic system in the event of a detected incorrect setting of the system pressure Consumer is reduced. Such control valves equipped with an adjustable pressure relief valve are available as standard, so that such a function can be implemented without any problems.

Im einfachsten Fall kann der spezifische Druckbedarf fest vorgegeben und in einer mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehenden Speichereinheit abgelegt sein. Hierbei ist es denkbar, dass der zugehörige Druckschwellenwert seitens des Bedieners durch Auswahl des zu betreibenden landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts aus einer Gerätedatenbank über ein mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehendes Bedienterminal vorgegeben werden kann. Eine unmittelbare Eingabe des (dem Bediener in aller Regel unbekannten) Druckschwellenwerts erübrigt sich somit. Abweichend davon kann die Auswahl des zu betreibenden landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts aus der Gerätedatenbank anhand einer über ein ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk oder per RFID-Datenübertragung an die Kontrolleinheit übermittelten Gerätekennung erfolgen. Daneben ist auch eine Übertragung des einzustellenden Druckschwellenwerts an sich möglich. Allgemein gesprochen besteht also die Möglichkeit, dass der Kontrolleinheit der spezifische Druckbedarf oder damit korrespondierende Angaben seitens des hydraulischen Verbrauchers über ein mit der Kontrolleinheit kommunizierendes Datennetzwerk mitgeteilt werden.In the simplest case, the specific pressure requirement can be predetermined and stored in a memory unit connected to the control unit. It is conceivable that the associated pressure threshold value can be specified by the operator by selecting the agricultural attachment to be operated from a device database via an operating terminal connected to the control unit. Direct input of the pressure threshold value (which is generally unknown to the operator) is therefore unnecessary. In a departure from this, the agricultural attachment to be operated can be selected from the device database using a device identifier transmitted to the control unit via an ISOBUS data network or via RFID data transmission. In addition, it is also possible to transmit the pressure threshold value to be set. Generally speaking, there is therefore the possibility that the control unit receives the specific pressure requirement or information corresponding to it be communicated by the hydraulic consumer via a data network communicating with the control unit.

Auch ist es vorstellbar, dass der spezifische Druckbedarf von der Kontrolleinheit anhand eines an dem hydraulischen Verbraucher auftretenden Betriebsdruckabfalls ermittelt und unter Zuordnung einer Kennung des betreffenden hydraulischen Verbrauchers in einer mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehenden Speichereinheit abgelegt wird, sodass diese zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt zur erneuten Verwendung zur Verfügung steht. Diese Vorgehensweise bietet sich insbesondere bei landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräten mit hydraulischen Verbrauchern an, deren spezifischer Druckbedarf nicht durch Auswahl aus einer Gerätedatenbank abrufbar und damit unbekannt ist. Die Gerätedatenbank kann dann hinsichtlich des landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts um den ermittelten spezifischen Druckbedarf ergänzt werden. Der betreffende Betriebsdruck steht beispielsweise an einem mit dem landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugerät kommunizierenden ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk zur Verfügung, über das Betriebsdruckinformationen eines dem hydraulischen Verbraucher zugeordneten Betriebsdrucksensors an die Kontrolleinheit übermittelt werden.It is also conceivable that the control unit determines the specific pressure requirement on the basis of an operating pressure drop occurring at the hydraulic consumer and that it is stored in a memory unit connected to the control unit with the assignment of an identifier for the hydraulic consumer in question, so that it can be renewed at a later point in time Use is available. This procedure is particularly suitable for agricultural attachments with hydraulic consumers, the specific pressure requirement of which cannot be called up by selection from a device database and is therefore unknown. The device database can then be supplemented with the determined specific pressure requirement with regard to the agricultural attachment. The relevant operating pressure is available, for example, on an ISOBUS data network which communicates with the agricultural attachment and via which operating pressure information from an operating pressure sensor assigned to the hydraulic consumer is transmitted to the control unit.

Bei beiden Verbrauchertypen (i) oder (ii) besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Anpassung der Ventilstellung oder die Reduzierung des Druckschwellenwerts von der Kontrolleinheit automatisiert nach vorheriger Freigabe durch einen Bediener über ein mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehendes Bedienterminal ausgeführt wird. Letzteres stellt sicher, dass sich der Bediener des landwirtschaftlichen Traktors jederzeit über den Betriebszustand des landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts bzw. des von dem automatisierten Einstellvorgang betroffenen hydraulischen Verbrauchers bewusst ist.With both consumer types (i) or (ii) there is the possibility that the adjustment of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value is carried out automatically by the control unit after prior approval by an operator via an operating terminal connected to the control unit. The latter ensures that the operator of the agricultural tractor is always aware of the operating state of the agricultural attachment or of the hydraulic consumer affected by the automated setting process.

Alternativ kann die Anpassung der Ventilstellung oder die Reduzierung des Druckschwellenwerts auch manuell über ein mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehendes Bedienterminal ausgeführt werden, sodass der Bediener jederzeit die volle Kontrolle über den Einstellvorgang hat.Alternatively, the adjustment of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value can also be carried out manually via an operating terminal connected to the control unit, so that the operator has full control over the setting process at all times.

Um den manuellen Einstellvorgang zu vereinfachen bzw. zu unterstützen, ist es denkbar, dass der Bediener über ein mit der Kontrolleinheit in Verbindung stehendes Anzeigeterminal eine Rückmeldung erhält, sobald die Ventilstellung mit dem sich aus dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel ergebenden Fördervolumenstrom der Axialkolbenpumpe oder der an dem Ventileinlass anliegende Systemdruck mit dem spezifischen Druckbedarf des hydraulischen Verbrauchers korrespondiert.In order to simplify or support the manual setting process, it is conceivable that the operator receives feedback via a display terminal connected to the control unit as soon as the valve position with the flow rate of the axial piston pump resulting from the current swivel angle or that at the valve inlet applied system pressure corresponds to the specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic consumer.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird im Folgenden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, und
Fig. 2
ein in einem Flussdiagramm veranschaulichtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
The method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention, and
Fig. 2
an embodiment of the method according to the invention illustrated in a flow chart.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine von einem Nutzfahrzeug umfasste Anordnung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 1 shows an arrangement encompassed by a utility vehicle for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Bei dem nicht näher dargestellten Nutzfahrzeug handelt es sich um einen landwirtschaftlichen Traktor 10, an dem an einer in einem Heck- oder Frontbereich befindlichen Kupplungseinrichtung ein landwirtschaftliches Anbau- oder Zusatzgerät 12 angebracht ist. Die Kupplungseinrichtung ist beispielsweise als Dreipunkt-Kraftheber oder als Zug- bzw. Kupplungsmaul ausgebildet.The utility vehicle, not shown in detail, is an agricultural tractor 10, on which an agricultural attachment or additional device 12 is attached to a coupling device located in a rear or front area. The coupling device is for example as Three-point linkage or designed as a pulling or coupling jaw.

Gemäß Fig. 1 umfasst die Anordnung 14 eine mikroprozessorgesteuerte Kontrolleinheit 16 sowie einen aus einer Vielzahl elektrisch betätigbarer Steuerventile 18a, 18b bestehenden Steuerventilblock 20. Typischerweise sind bis zu acht Steuerventile in einem gemeinsamen Steuerventilblock 20 zusammengefasst, im vorliegenden Fall sind jedoch aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit davon lediglich zwei abgebildet. Jedes der Steuerventile 18a, 18b weist einen Zu- bzw. Rücklauf in Gestalt erster Hydraulikanschlüsse 22a, 22b und zweiter Hydraulikanschlüsse 24a, 24b zum Betrieb eines jeweiligen hydraulischen Verbrauchers 26a, 26b des landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts 12 auf. Der Anschluss erfolgt über mit den hydraulischen Verbrauchern 26a, 26b kommunizierende Hydraulikschläuche 28a, 28b, 30a, 30b an deren offenen Enden Hydraulikkuppler 32a, 32b, 34a, 34b angebracht sind, die sich mit einer jeweiligen Kupplungsdose 36a, 36b, 38a, 38b des betreffenden Steuerventils 18a, 18b lösbar verbinden lassen.According to Fig. 1 The arrangement 14 comprises a microprocessor-controlled control unit 16 and a control valve block 20 consisting of a large number of electrically actuatable control valves 18a, 18b.Up to eight control valves are typically combined in a common control valve block 20, but in the present case only two of them are shown for the sake of clarity. Each of the control valves 18a, 18b has an inflow and return in the form of first hydraulic connections 22a, 22b and second hydraulic connections 24a, 24b for operating a respective hydraulic consumer 26a, 26b of the agricultural attachment 12. The connection is made via hydraulic hoses 28a, 28b, 30a, 30b communicating with the hydraulic consumers 26a, 26b at the open ends of which hydraulic couplers 32a, 32b, 34a, 34b are attached, which connect to a respective coupling socket 36a, 36b, 38a, 38b of the respective Let control valve 18a, 18b releasably connect.

Des Weiteren ist an jedem der Steuerventile 18a, 18b ein mit einer Axialkolbenpumpe 40 verbundener Ventileinlass 42a, 42b sowie ein in einen Hydrauliksumpf 44 mündender Ventilauslass 46a, 46b vorgesehen. Eine mit einem Steueranschluss 48a, 48b des Steuerventils 18a, 18b verbundene Pilotleitung 50 dient der Beeinflussung eines an der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 einstellbaren Schwenkwinkels a, sodass am Ventileinlass 42a, 42b ein vom Schwenkwinkel α abhängiger Systemdruck psys bereitgestellt wird.Furthermore, a valve inlet 42a, 42b connected to an axial piston pump 40 and a valve outlet 46a, 46b opening into a hydraulic sump 44 are provided on each of the control valves 18a, 18b. A pilot line 50 connected to a control port 48a, 48b of the control valve 18a, 18b is used to influence a swivel angle a that can be set on the axial piston pump 40, so that a system pressure p sys that is dependent on the swivel angle α is provided at the valve inlet 42a, 42b.

Die Steuerventile 18a, 18b lassen sich mittels zugehöriger Solenoide 52a, 54a, 52b, 54b entgegen einer rückstellenden Federkraft aus einer geschlossenen Ventilstellung 56a, 56b heraus in eine erste geöffnete Ventilstellung 58a, 58b oder eine zweite geöffnete Ventilstellung 60a, 60b verbringen, wobei sich diese jeweils bezüglich der Richtung des Hydraulikflusses zum hydraulischen Verbraucher 26a, 26a unterscheiden. Die Funktion des ersten und zweiten Hydraulikanschlusses 22a, 22b, 24a, 24b als Zu- bzw. Rücklauf ist daher je nach Öffnungsrichtung des Steuerventils 18a, 18b umkehrbar. Zugleich wird beim Öffnen des Steuerventils 18a, 18b eine Verbindung zwischen dem Ventileinlass 42a, 42b und der mit dem Steueranschluss 48a, 48b kommunizierenden Pilotleitung 50 hergestellt. Der am Steueranschluss 48a, 48b bzw. der Pilotleitung 50 anliegende Steuerdruck ergibt sich hierbei aus dem Öffnungsgrad des Steuerventils 18a, 18b und nimmt für den Fall, dass dieses vollständig geöffnet ist, den am Ventileinlass 42a, 42b anliegenden Systemdruck psys an. Den Steueranschlüssen 48a, 48b nachgeschaltete Einwegventile 62a, 62b stellen dabei sicher, dass seitens der Steuerventile 18a, 18b jeweils der höchste der Steuerdrücke an der zur Axialkolbenpumpe 40 führenden Pilotleitung 50 anliegt.The control valves 18a, 18b can be moved by means of associated solenoids 52a, 54a, 52b, 54b against a restoring spring force from a closed valve position 56a, 56b into a first open valve position 58a, 58b or a second open valve position 60a, 60b, whereby these differ in each case with regard to the direction of the hydraulic flow to the hydraulic consumer 26a, 26a. The function of the first and second hydraulic connection 22a, 22b, 24a, 24b as an inlet or return can therefore be reversed depending on the opening direction of the control valve 18a, 18b. At the same time, when the control valve 18a, 18b is opened, a connection is established between the valve inlet 42a, 42b and the pilot line 50 communicating with the control connection 48a, 48b. The control pressure present at the control connection 48a, 48b or the pilot line 50 results from the degree of opening of the control valve 18a, 18b and, if it is fully open, assumes the system pressure p sys present at the valve inlet 42a, 42b. One-way valves 62a, 62b connected downstream of the control connections 48a, 48b ensure that the highest of the control pressures on the part of the control valves 18a, 18b is applied to the pilot line 50 leading to the axial piston pump 40.

Beispielhaft sind in Fig. 1 zwei unterschiedliche Steuerventiltypen 64a, 64b dargestellt. Der erste Steuerventiltyp 64a ist von konventioneller Bauart, wohingegen der zweite Steuerventiltyp 64b ein bezüglich eines Druckschwellenwerts einstellbares Überdruckventil 66 aufweist, das zwischen der Pilotleitung 50 und dem Ventilauslass 46a, 46b angeordnet ist. Innerhalb des Steuerventilblocks 20 können die beiden Steuerventiltypen 64a, 64b in beliebiger Kombination vorhanden sein.Examples are in Fig. 1 two different types of control valve 64a, 64b are shown. The first type of control valve 64a is of conventional design, whereas the second type of control valve 64b has an overpressure valve 66 which is adjustable with respect to a pressure threshold value and which is arranged between the pilot line 50 and the valve outlet 46a, 46b. The two types of control valve 64a, 64b can be present in any combination within the control valve block 20.

An den beiden repräsentativ dargestellten Steuerventiltypen 64a, 64b sind jeweils zwei unterschiedliche Verbrauchertypen 68a, 68b angeschlossen. Bei dem ersten Verbrauchertyp 68a handelt es sich um einen hydraulischen Rotationsantrieb 70 mit kontinuierlichem Hydraulikverbrauch, wohingegen der zweite Verbrauchertyp 68b durch einen hydraulischen Linearstellgeber 72 gebildet ist. Lediglich zur Veranschaulichung sollen die beiden hydraulischen Verbraucher 26a, 26b Bestandteil eines als Säeinheit 74 ausgebildeten landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts 12 sein und dort dem Antrieb eines Gebläses 76 bzw. der Betätigung einer von einer Reihensäeinheit 78 umfassten Auflagedruckregelung dienen.Two different consumer types 68a, 68b are each connected to the two representatively shown control valve types 64a, 64b. The first type of consumer 68a is a hydraulic rotary drive 70 with continuous hydraulic consumption, whereas the second type of consumer 68b is formed by a hydraulic linear actuator 72. The two hydraulic consumers 26a, 26b should be part of an agricultural attachment 12 designed as a sowing unit 74 and serve there to drive a blower 76 or to actuate a contact pressure control comprised by a row sowing unit 78.

Im Hinblick auf das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist der Betrieb des ersten Verbrauchertyps 68a mit beiden Steuerventiltypen 64a, 64b kompatibel, während der Betrieb des zweiten Verbrauchertyps 68b zwingend des zweiten Steuerventiltyps 64b bedarf.With regard to the method according to the invention, the operation of the first consumer type 68a is compatible with both control valve types 64a, 64b, while the operation of the second consumer type 68b necessarily requires the second control valve type 64b.

Zur Inbetriebnahme der hydraulischen Verbraucher 26a, 26b bzw. der mit diesen assoziierten Arbeitsfunktionen am landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugerät 12 lässt sich die Ventilstellung jedes Steuerventils 18a, 18b bedienerseitig über ein in dem landwirtschaftlichen Traktor 10 vorgesehenes Bedienterminal 80 einstellen.To start up the hydraulic consumers 26a, 26b or the work functions associated with them on the agricultural attachment 12, the valve position of each control valve 18a, 18b can be set by the operator via an operating terminal 80 provided in the agricultural tractor 10.

Wie in Fig. 1 zu erkennen ist, steht die Kontrolleinheit 16 neben dem Bedienterminal 80 ferner mit einem Anzeigeterminal 82, einer Speichereinheit 84, einer mit einem ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk 86 des landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts 12 kommunizierenden Datenschnittstelle 88, einem Drehgeber 90 zur Erfassung des an der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 eingestellten Schwenkwinkels α und einem Drucksensor 92 zur Erfassung des an den Ventileinlässen 42a, 42b anliegenden Systemdrucks psys in Verbindung. Die Winkelinformationen des Drehgebers 90 werden der Kontrolleinheit 16 gemeinsam mit den seitens des Drucksensors 92 bereitgestellten Systemdruckinformationen über einen CAN-Datenbus 94 des landwirtschaftlichen Traktors 10 zur Auswertung zugeführt. Zusätzlich werden über das ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk 86 unter anderem Drehzahlinformationen eines dem hydraulischen Rotationsantrieb 70 zugeordneten Drehzahlsensors 96 sowie Betriebsdruckinformationen eines dem hydraulischen Linearstellgeber 72 zugeordneten Betriebsdrucksensors 98 übermittelt, die den am hydraulischen Linearstellgeber 72 eingangsseitig anliegenden Betriebsdruck wiedergeben. Daneben wird über das ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk 86 eine individuelle Gerätekennung des angeschlossenen landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts 12 an die Kontrolleinheit 16 übertragen.As in Fig. 1 As can be seen, the control unit 16 is next to the operating terminal 80 and also has a display terminal 82, a storage unit 84, a data interface 88 communicating with an ISOBUS data network 86 of the agricultural attachment 12, a rotary encoder 90 for detecting the swivel angle α set on the axial piston pump 40 and a pressure sensor 92 for detecting the at the valve inlets 42a, 42b connected system pressure p sys . The angle information of the rotary encoder 90 is fed to the control unit 16 together with the system pressure information provided by the pressure sensor 92 via a CAN data bus 94 of the agricultural tractor 10 for evaluation. In addition, speed information from a speed sensor 96 assigned to the hydraulic rotary drive 70 and operating pressure information from an operating pressure sensor 98 assigned to the hydraulic linear actuator 72 are transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86, which reflect the operating pressure applied to the hydraulic linear actuator 72 on the input side. In addition, an individual device identifier of the connected agricultural attachment 12 is transmitted to the control unit 16 via the ISOBUS data network 86.

Das Anzeigeterminal 82 ist entweder als vom Bedienterminal 80 separate Baueinheit ausgeführt oder aber mit dem Bedienterminal 80 in Gestalt eines berührungsempfindlichen Bildschirms kombiniert.The display terminal 82 is either designed as a structural unit separate from the operating terminal 80 or is combined with the operating terminal 80 in the form of a touch-sensitive screen.

Der Vollständigkeit halber sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die vorstehend beschriebene Anordnung 14 ebenso gut auch Bestandteil einer Bau- oder Forstmaschine oder eines beliebigen anderen Nutzfahrzeugs sein kann. Die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist insoweit nicht auf eine bestimmte Fahrzeugumgebung oder -anwendung beschränkt.For the sake of completeness, it should be pointed out that the arrangement 14 described above can just as well be part of a construction or forestry machine or any other commercial vehicle. In this respect, the implementation of the method according to the invention is not limited to a specific vehicle environment or application.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein in einem Flussdiagramm veranschaulichtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention, illustrated in a flowchart.

Das Verfahren wird mit der Inbetriebnahme des landwirtschaftlichen Traktors 10 in einem Startschritt 100 initiiert. In einem ersten Schritt 102 werden der Kontrolleinheit 16 über den CAN-Datenbus 94 die hinsichtlich des aktuellen Systemdrucks psys sowie des aktuellen Schwenkwinkels α der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 sensorisch gewonnenen Informationen zugeführt. Diese werden in einem zweiten Schritt 104 von der Kontrolleinheit 16 herangezogen, um auf eine mögliche Fehleinstellung des ersten Steuerventils 18a oder des von der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 erzeugten Systemdrucks psys zu schließen. Hierzu gibt es je nach angeschlossenem Verbrauchertyp 68a, 68b unterschiedliche Vorgehensweisen.The method is initiated when the agricultural tractor 10 is started up in a start step 100. In a first step 102, the information obtained by sensors with regard to the current system pressure p sys and the current pivot angle α of the axial piston pump 40 is fed to the control unit 16 via the CAN data bus 94. These are used in a second step 104 by the control unit 16 in order to infer a possible incorrect setting of the first control valve 18a or of the system pressure p sys generated by the axial piston pump 40. There are different procedures for this, depending on the connected consumer type 68a, 68b.

(i) Fehleinstellung des ersten Steuerventils (erster Verbrauchertyp)(i) Incorrect setting of the first control valve (first consumer type)

Einerseits wird von der Kontrolleinheit 16 im zweiten Schritt 104 auf eine Fehleinstellung des ersten Steuerventils 18a geschlossen, wenn von dieser erkannt wird, dass ein sich aus dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel α ergebender Fördervolumenstrom der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 kleiner ist als ein aufgrund der Ventilstellung des ersten Steuerventils 18a zu erwartender Wert. Letzterer wird von der Kontrolleinheit 16 aus dem zur Betätigung des jeweiligen Solenoids 52a, 54a fließenden Steuerstrom abgeleitet, wozu diese eine in der Speichereinheit 84 für das erste Steuerventil 18a abgelegte Steuerkurve heranzieht.On the one hand, in the second step 104, the control unit 16 concludes that the first control valve 18a is incorrectly set when it detects that a delivery volume flow of the axial piston pump 40 resulting from the current pivot angle α is less than due to the valve position of the first control valve 18a expected value. The latter is derived by the control unit 16 from the control current flowing to actuate the respective solenoid 52a, 54a, for which purpose it uses a control curve stored in the storage unit 84 for the first control valve 18a.

(ii) Fehleinstellung des Systemdrucks (zweiter Verbrauchertyp)(ii) Incorrect setting of the system pressure (second consumer type)

Andererseits wird von der Kontrolleinheit 16 im zweiten Schritt 104 auf eine Fehleinstellung des Systemdrucks psys geschlossen, wenn von dieser erkannt wird, dass der an den Ventileinlässen 42a, 42b anliegende Systemdruck psys maximal ist, ohne dass ein (nennenswerter) Fördervolumenstrom vom zweiten Steuerventil 18b in Richtung des hydraulischen Linearstellgebers 72 fließt.On the other hand, in the second step 104, the control unit 16 concludes that the system pressure p sys has been set incorrectly, if it is recognized by this that the system pressure p sys present at the valve inlets 42a, 42b is maximum without a (significant) delivery volume flow flowing from the second control valve 18b in the direction of the hydraulic linear actuator 72.

Trifft eine der beiden vorgenannten Bedingungen (i) bzw. (ii) zu, so wird in einem dritten Schritt 106 über das mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehende Anzeigeterminal 82 eine auf eine Fehleinstellung hinweisende Bedienerinformation ausgegeben. Die Bedienerinformation beinhaltet Hinweise auf die Art der Fehleinstellung und/oder auf den betroffenen hydraulischen Verbraucher 26a, 26b wie auch Handlungsempfehlungen bzw. -anweisungen für die Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen. Diese werden im Folgenden erläutert.If one of the two aforementioned conditions (i) or (ii) applies, in a third step 106 operator information indicating an incorrect setting is output via the display terminal 82 connected to the control unit 16. The operator information contains information on the type of incorrect setting and / or on the hydraulic consumers 26a, 26b concerned, as well as recommendations and instructions for taking suitable countermeasures. These are explained below.

(i) Gegenmaßnahmen im Falle des ersten Verbrauchertyps(i) Countermeasures in the case of the first type of consumer

Im Hinblick auf den ersten Verbrauchertyp 68a ist in einem vierten Schritt 108 zur Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen vorgesehen, dass bei einer erkannten Fehleinstellung des ersten Steuerventils 18a die Ventilstellung von der Kontrolleinheit 16 (entweder auf vorherige Veranlassung des Bedieners oder aber selbsttätig - siehe hierzu die nachfolgende Beschreibung) an den sich aus dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel α der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 ergebenden Fördervolumenstrom angepasst wird. Hierbei wird das erste Steuerventil 18a von der Kontrolleinheit 16 soweit geschlossen, bis der aufgrund der Ventilstellung des ersten Steuerventils 18a zu erwartende Wert des Fördervolumenstroms mit dem sich aus dem jeweiligen Schwenkwinkel α ergebenden (tatsächlichen) Fördervolumenstrom der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 innerhalb vorgegebener Toleranzen übereinstimmt.With regard to the first consumer type 68a, in a fourth step 108 for initiating suitable countermeasures, provision is made that if a misadjustment of the first control valve 18a is detected, the valve position is determined by the control unit 16 (either at the prior request of the operator or automatically - see the following description in this regard ) is adapted to the delivery volume flow resulting from the current pivot angle α of the axial piston pump 40. The first control valve 18a is closed by the control unit 16 until the value of the delivery volume flow to be expected based on the valve position of the first control valve 18a corresponds to the (actual) delivery volume flow of the axial piston pump 40 resulting from the respective pivot angle α within specified tolerances.

Ob der dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel α entsprechende Wert des Fördervolumenstroms am ersten Steuerventil 18a eingestellt ist, wird von der Kontrolleinheit 16 im vierten Schritt 108 aufgrund eines beim weiteren Schließen auftretenden Drehzahlabfalls am hydraulischen Rotationsantrieb 70 erkannt, wozu die über das ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk 86 übermittelten Drehzahlinformationen des dem hydraulischen Rotationsantrieb 70 zugeordneten Drehzahlsensors 96 von der Kontrolleinheit 16 ausgewertet werden. Das erste Steuerventil 18a wird anschließend wieder so weit geöffnet, dass der beobachtete Drehzahlabfall gerade noch nicht auftritt.Whether the value of the delivery volume flow corresponding to the current swivel angle α is set at the first control valve 18a is recognized by the control unit 16 in the fourth step 108 on the basis of a speed drop on the hydraulic rotary drive 70 that occurs during further closing, for which purpose the speed information of the transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86 The speed sensor 96 assigned to the hydraulic rotary drive 70 can be evaluated by the control unit 16. The first control valve 18a is then opened again to such an extent that the observed drop in speed does not just yet occur.

Die zugehörige Ventilstellung wird anschließend in einem fünften Schritt 110 in der mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehenden Speichereinheit 84 abgelegt, sodass diese beim erneuten Anschluss des selben hydraulischen Rotationsantriebs 70 bzw. des diesen umfassenden landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts 12 zur Verfügung steht und nicht nochmals bestimmt werden muss.The associated valve position is then stored in a fifth step 110 in the memory unit 84 connected to the control unit 16, so that it is available when the same hydraulic rotary drive 70 or the agricultural attachment 12 encompassing it is reconnected and does not have to be determined again .

(ii) Gegenmaßnahmen im Falle des zweiten Verbrauchertyps(ii) Countermeasures in the case of the second type of consumer

Bezüglich des zweiten Verbrauchertyps 68b ist in einem sechsten Schritt 112 zur Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen vorgesehen, dass im Falle einer erkannten Fehleinstellung des Systemdrucks psys der Druckschwellenwert des Überdruckventils 66 von der Kontrolleinheit 16 entsprechend eines spezifischen Druckbedarfs des hydraulischen Linearstellgebers 72 reduziert wird.With regard to the second consumer type 68b, in a sixth step 112 for initiating suitable countermeasures, the pressure threshold value of the overpressure valve 66 is reduced by the control unit 16 in accordance with a specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic linear actuator 72 in the event of a detected incorrect setting of the system pressure p sys.

Im einfachsten Fall ist der spezifische Druckbedarf des betreffenden hydraulischen Verbrauchers 26b (hier des hydraulischen Linearstellgebers 72) fest vorgegeben und in der mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehenden Speichereinheit 84 abgelegt. Der zugehörige Druckschwellenwert wird seitens des Bedieners durch Auswahl des zu betreibenden landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts 12 aus einer Gerätedatenbank über das mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehende Bedienterminal 80 ausgewählt. Alternativ erfolgt die Auswahl des zu betreibenden landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräts 12 aus der Gerätedatenbank anhand der über das ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk 86 übermittelten Gerätekennung.In the simplest case, the specific pressure requirement of the relevant hydraulic consumer 26b (here the hydraulic linear actuator 72) is fixed and in the with the Storage unit 84 connected to the control unit 16 is stored. The associated pressure threshold value is selected by the operator by selecting the agricultural attachment 12 to be operated from a device database via the operating terminal 80 connected to the control unit 16. Alternatively, the agricultural attachment 12 to be operated is selected from the device database on the basis of the device identifier transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86.

Stehen derartige Informationen nicht zur Verfügung, wird der spezifische Druckbedarf von der Kontrolleinheit 16 im sechsten Schritt 112 anhand eines an dem hydraulischen Linearstellgeber 72 auftretenden Betriebsdruckabfalls ermittelt und unter Zuordnung einer Kennung des hydraulischen Linearstellgebers 72 in der mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehenden Speichereinheit 84 abgelegt, sodass diese zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt zur erneuten Verwendung zur Verfügung steht. Hierzu werden von der Kontrolleinheit 16 die über das ISOBUS-Datennetzwerk 86 übermittelten Betriebsdruckinformationen des dem hydraulischen Linearstellgeber 72 zugeordneten Betriebsdrucksensors 98 ausgewertet. Diese Vorgehensweise bietet sich insbesondere bei landwirtschaftlichen Anbaugeräten mit hydraulischen Verbrauchern an, deren spezifischer Druckbedarf nicht durch Auswahl aus einer Gerätedatenbank abrufbar und damit unbekannt ist.If such information is not available, the specific pressure requirement is determined by the control unit 16 in the sixth step 112 on the basis of an operating pressure drop occurring at the hydraulic linear actuator 72 and stored in the memory unit 84 connected to the control unit 16 with an identifier of the hydraulic linear actuator 72 so that it can be used again at a later point in time. For this purpose, the control unit 16 evaluates the operating pressure information of the operating pressure sensor 98 assigned to the hydraulic linear actuator 72, which is transmitted via the ISOBUS data network 86. This procedure is particularly suitable for agricultural attachments with hydraulic consumers, the specific pressure requirement of which cannot be called up by selection from a device database and is therefore unknown.

Ungeachtet des jeweiligen Verbrauchertyps 68a, 68b besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Anpassung der Ventilstellung oder die Reduzierung des Druckschwellenwerts von der Kontrolleinheit 16 im sechsten Schritt 112 automatisiert nach vorheriger Freigabe durch den Bediener über das mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehende Bedienterminal 80 ausgeführt wird. Alternativ wird die Anpassung der Ventilstellung oder die Reduzierung des Druckschwellenwerts im sechsten Schritt 112 vom Bediener manuell über das mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehende Bedienterminal 80 ausgeführt. Um den manuellen Einstellvorgang zu vereinfachen bzw. zu unterstützen, erhält der Bediener über das mit der Kontrolleinheit 16 in Verbindung stehende Anzeigeterminal 82 eine Rückmeldung, sobald die Ventilstellung mit dem sich aus dem aktuellen Schwenkwinkel α ergebenden Fördervolumenstrom der Axialkolbenpumpe 40 bzw. der an den Ventileinlässen 42a, 42b anliegende Systemdruck psys mit dem spezifischen Druckbedarf des jeweiligen hydraulischen Verbrauchers 26a, 26b innerhalb vorgegebener Toleranzen übereinstimmt.Regardless of the respective consumer type 68a, 68b, there is the possibility that the adjustment of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value is carried out automatically by the control unit 16 in the sixth step 112 after prior approval by the operator via the operating terminal 80 connected to the control unit 16. Alternatively, the adjustment of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value in the sixth step 112 is carried out manually by the operator via the operating terminal 80 connected to the control unit 16. In order to simplify or support the manual setting process, the operator receives feedback via the display terminal 82 connected to the control unit 16 as soon as the valve position with the delivery volume flow of the axial piston pump 40 or that at the valve inlets resulting from the current pivot angle α 42a, 42b applied system pressure p sys corresponds to the specific pressure requirement of the respective hydraulic consumer 26a, 26b within predetermined tolerances.

Anschließend wird das Verfahren in einem Schlussschritt 114 beendet.The method is then ended in a final step 114.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht es, bei jedem der beiden Verbrauchertypen 68a, 68b eine zu entsprechenden hydraulischen Leistungsverlusten führende Fehleinstellung zuverlässig zu erkennen sowie durch Einleitung geeigneter Gegenmaßnahmen zu beheben.The method according to the invention makes it possible for each of the two consumer types 68a, 68b to reliably identify an incorrect setting leading to corresponding hydraulic power losses and to remedy it by initiating suitable countermeasures.

Claims (12)

  1. Method for operating a hydraulic consumer (26a, 26b) at an electrically actuatable control valve (18a, 18b), which, in an open valve position (58a, 60a, 58b, 60b), produces a connection between a valve inlet (42a, 42b) and a pilot line (50), which is connected to a control connection (48a, 48b), for influencing an adjustable swivel angle (α) at an axial piston pump (40), which provides a system pressure (psys), which is present at the valve inlet (42a, 42b) and is dependent on the swivel angle (α), wherein data obtained by sensors with regard to the current system pressure (psys) and to the current swivel angle (α) of the axial piston pump (40) is supplied to a control unit (16) in order, with the hydraulic consumer (26a, 26b) connected, to decide on an incorrect setting
    (i) of the control valve (18a) when the control unit (16) detects that a conveyed volume flow of the axial piston pump (40) which is produced from the current swivel angle (α) is smaller than a value to be expected as a result of the valve position of the control valve (18a), and
    (ii) of the system pressure (psys) when the control unit (16) detects that the system pressure (psys) present at the valve inlet (42a, 42b) is maximum without a conveyed volume flow flowing in the direction of the hydraulic consumer (26b).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that operator data which refers to the incorrect setting is output via a display terminal (82) which communicates with the control unit (16).
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, where an incorrect setting of the control valve (18a) is detected, the valve position is adapted by the control unit (16) to the conveyed volume flow produced from the current swivel angle (α) of the axial piston pump (40).
  4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the attainment of the conveyed volume flow which corresponds to the current swivel angle (α) is detected by the control unit (16) as a result of a drop in speed, which occurs during the further closing, at the hydraulic consumer (26a).
  5. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the associated valve position is filed in a storage unit (84) which communicates with the control unit (16).
  6. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a pressure relief valve (66), which is adjustable with reference to a pressure threshold value, is arranged at the control valve (18b) between the pilot line (50) and the valve outlet (46b), wherein, where an incorrect setting of the system pressure (psys) is detected, the pressure threshold value is reduced by the control unit (16) corresponding to a specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic consumer (26b).
  7. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the specific pressure requirement is fixedly predetermined and is filed in a storage unit (84) which communicates with the control unit (16).
  8. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the specific pressure requirement or specifications corresponding thereto on the part of the hydraulic consumer (26b) are communicated to the control unit (16) via a data network (86) which communicates with the control unit (16).
  9. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the specific pressure requirement is determined by the control unit (16) by way of a drop in the operating pressure which occurs at the hydraulic consumer (26b) and, with assignment to an identifier of the relevant hydraulic consumer (26b), is filed in a storage unit (84), which communicates with the control unit (16), to be used again at a later time.
  10. Method according to Claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the adaptation of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value is carried out by the control unit (16) in an automated manner after prior release by an operator by means of an operator terminal (80) which communicates with the control unit (16) .
  11. Method according to Claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the adaptation of the valve position or the reduction of the pressure threshold value is carried out manually via an operator terminal (80) which communicates with the control unit (16).
  12. Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the operator receives an acknowledgement via a display terminal (82), which communicates with the control unit (16), as soon as the valve position corresponds with the conveyed volume flow of the axial piston pump (40) produced from the current swivel angle (α) or the system pressure (psys) present at the valve inlet (42a, 42b) corresponds with the specific pressure requirement of the hydraulic consumer (26b).
EP19185918.0A 2018-07-19 2019-07-12 Method for operating a hydraulic consumer by an electrically actuated control valve Active EP3597941B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102018212077.3A DE102018212077A1 (en) 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 Method for operating a hydraulic consumer on an electrically actuated control valve

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EP3597941B1 true EP3597941B1 (en) 2021-12-01

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EP3597941A1 (en) 2020-01-22
DE102018212077A1 (en) 2020-01-23
US20200025193A1 (en) 2020-01-23
US11326592B2 (en) 2022-05-10

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