EP3592435B1 - Hydraulic rescue device for manual operation by a rescuer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a hydraulic rescue device for manual operation or use by at least one rescue person. The rescuer can carry or position the hydraulic rescue device by hand. Such a hydraulic rescue device comprises a hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder tube and at least one piston rod that is adjustable relative to the cylinder tube. At least one first support surface formed on the cylinder tube is provided for load-transferring support of the rescue device on first object surfaces that can be freely selected by a rescuer. At least one second support surface formed on the at least one piston rod is provided for load-transferring support of the rescue device on second object surfaces that can be freely selected by a rescuer, for example a vehicle body or another object. At least one manually operable control valve is used to initiate and terminate adjustment movements of the at least one piston rod relative to the cylinder tube as required.

Such hydraulic rescue devices are mainly used by technical support services or by other aid organizations, such as fire brigades, in order to be able to free people who have had an accident from deformed vehicles or from other trapped or trapped situations. In particular, such rescue devices are used to force open jammed doors or to lift or push away other disturbing objects in the area of the injured person. This makes it possible in many cases to get trapped or trapped people free or to create sufficient space in the vicinity of the injured person to be able to rescue them from the respective environment, for example from a passenger compartment of a car or truck, from a building structure, or the like , to achieve. This sometimes requires massive hydraulic actuating cylinders and sufficiently large hydraulic dock forces to be able to apply the respective actuating forces. This requires sufficiently powerful hydraulic units and correspondingly stable and sufficiently widely adjustable hydraulic cylinders with appropriate hydraulic and mechanical power. The speed of travel of the at least one piston rod of such hydraulic rescue equipment is technically limited. In particular, the limited performance of the required Pump or hydraulic units, due to the limited oil volume and the actuating forces, actuating speeds and actuating widths ultimately resulting therefrom, a technical limitation in terms of adjustment speed and also in terms of the actuating stroke. Particularly when rescuing or rescuing injured persons, it is an essential criterion that the respective rescue or rescue operation can be carried out as quickly and effectively as possible.

The U.S. 2,231,680 A discloses a hydraulic ram lifter for push and pull operations in connection with lifting, bending and aligning operations of metallic structures and the like. This stamp lifter comprises a cylinder arrangement which can be acted upon by hydraulic pressure and which has a piston rod which can be adjusted relative thereto. A helical spring inside the ram lifter can automatically return an at least partially extended piston rod to the maximum retracted starting position. Several line markings can be made on the lateral surface of the piston rod, through which line markings an operator can determine the extent to which the piston rod is pushed out in relation to the cylinder arrangement in order to be able to assess the extent of the actuating movement exerted by the punch lifter on the work object. With these markings, the progress of lifting or pulling operations can be assessed more precisely by an operator.

The US 2013/105658 A1 describes a manually operated, hydraulic rescue cylinder for salvage or rescue operations. The rescue cylinder comprises at least one piston rod, which can be extended against a cylinder tube by applying hydraulic pressure. At least one telescopically adjustable tubular element on the piston rod enables a stepwise, mechanically adjustable extension of the rescue ram. At the closed end of the cylinder tube there is a hydraulic block on which a support plate is pivotably mounted. At the end of the piston rod facing away from the cylinder tube or of the at least one telescopic tube element, an object-supporting tool is exchangeably held. This rescue ram is intended to provide professional rescue workers with an improved tool for stabilizing vehicles in an accident.

The present invention is based on the object of developing a generic hydraulic rescue device in such a way that the fastest and most efficient and targeted rescue of injured persons can be supported or achieved as reliably as possible.

The object of the invention is achieved by a generic hydraulic rescue device with the characterizing features of claim 1.

A hydraulic rescue device designed according to the invention comprises at least one marking that can be read by a rescuer on the lateral surface of the at least one piston rod, which marking or markings is or are provided at least to signal a remaining stroke of the at least one piston rod with respect to the cylinder tube.

One advantage of the hydraulic rescue device according to the invention is that rescue processes can be carried out in a particularly targeted and efficient manner. In particular, the markings that can be read and interpreted by the rescuer make it possible to take the technical limitations of the rescue device into consideration in good time or at an early stage. In particular, the rescue person can move the corresponding rescue cylinder at an early stage or place it in a more suitable position in order to create the required rescue opening or to create the required space to rescue the person who has had an accident. This saves valuable time in the course of a rescue operation for accident victims. In addition, errors or misjudgments by the rescue worker can be kept aside. For example, there can be no irritation if the hydraulic rescue ram is already at its maximum. Continuation on page 3 of the originally submitted description has driven, but the rescuer believes that another stroke would still be available. Such standstills or blockages in the rescue process can have serious consequences. These fatal consequences can in particular be avoided or held back by the measures according to the invention in connection with the hydraulic rescue device. The rescue process can thus be carried out as quickly as possible, unambiguously and in a very targeted manner, which is both advantageous for the rescuer in question, but above all can be of considerable advantage for the person to be rescued or freed.

According to an expedient embodiment, the markings on the at least one piston rod include dimensional information, in particular numerical values and / or units of measurement, which dimensional information indicate the remaining stroke of the at least one piston rod that is still available. As a result, the rescuer has a clear overview of which adjustment path or adjustment stroke is still available and whether this remaining stroke is sufficient to achieve a sufficiently large rescue opening or a sufficiently large displacement or pressure path. Otherwise, the rescue worker can take measures early or in good time, for example repositioning the rescue device or attaching intermediate elements or extension parts in order to be able to advance or complete the rescue process quickly.

According to a combinatorial or alternative embodiment it can be provided that the markings comprise arrow-shaped, bar-shaped or wedge-shaped symbols, which symbols represent the remaining stroke of the at least one piston rod that is still available. An advantage of this embodiment is that it allows symbols of relatively large dimensions to be attached, which clearly show the working state of the hydraulic rescue device. In addition, a language- or country-independent display and recording of the remaining available travel is possible. In addition, such symbols can be detected comparatively more easily or more reliably from greater distances than can usually be achieved with symbols or other dimensions or values.

According to an alternative or combinatorial embodiment, the markings are provided for signaling the value or amount of the remaining stroke of the at least one piston rod and / or for signaling the value or amount of the actuating stroke covered by the at least one piston rod in relation to the first support surface on the cylinder tube. This also allows the rescue worker to get an overview of which remaining path or which adjusting path is still available in order to be able to quickly complete the rescue operation or to be able to effect the corresponding rescue opening. When the actuating stroke covered in each case is displayed, the remaining stroke can easily be determined or evaluated by the rescue worker in connection with the maximum available actuating stroke. The specified measures result in a better planning of a rescue operation after the rescue person is signaled in plain text and / or symbolically which lifting or sliding reserve is still available.

According to one embodiment, the markings comprise marking rings or line markings running at least partially over the cross-sectional or jacket circumference of the at least one piston rod. The advantage here is that such markings can be made easily and quickly and these markings can give clear information about the respective working or system status of the hydraulic rescue device. In addition, the respective status information can be clearly recorded from almost all viewing directions in relation to the rescue device or its at least one piston rod.

According to a further embodiment it can be provided that at least two, preferably at least three, at most up to five, identically designed markings are applied with respect to the cross-sectional or jacket circumference of the at least one piston rod, evenly distributed over the cross-sectional or jacket circumference. As a result, the corresponding marking can also be recorded or read by the rescue worker from almost all viewing directions without the need to change the position of the rescue device and / or the rescue worker. In particular, the respective information can be captured well from almost all viewing directions. In addition, this can result in cost-intensive or possibly impairing the surface of the at least one piston rod Markings are avoided. In particular, excessive processing can thereby be kept back or cost-causing marking steps can be kept in an optimal cost-benefit ratio.

It is also expedient if several markings spaced apart from one another are formed in relation to the longitudinal axis of the at least one piston rod. As a result, the rescuer can find out the adjustment stroke still available relatively early or in good time. In particular, quasi continuous or accompanying information is thereby available for the rescue person while the hydraulic rescue device is being used. In contrast to markings, which are only made in the last end section of the at least one piston rod, the corresponding rescue operation can thereby be carried out in a particularly targeted and well-considered and efficient manner, in particular the corresponding use of the hydraulic rescue device can be precisely planned.

Good readability and the avoidance of leaks in the course of using the hydraulic rescue device is achieved if the markings are formed by signs, symbols and / or values that are color-contrasting and flush with the surface of the at least one piston rod. In contrast to embossings or punched notches in the surface of the at least one piston rod, this means that a high level of tightness can be achieved and leakages can be avoided. In particular, the formation of an excessive oil film on the lateral surface or surface of the at least one piston rod can thereby be prevented.

A practicable measure consists in forming the markings by tempering colors, which tempering colors are applied to metallic surface sections of the at least one piston rod by thermal effects, in particular produced by laser beam machining. As a result, the corresponding markings can be introduced into the respective surface sections of the piston rods relatively inexpensively and also quickly. In particular, an economical design of the respective markings can thereby be achieved. However, the corresponding markings also have a long-term durability or a high level of durability, without the corresponding surface sections of the at least one piston rod being impaired as a result. An alternative labeling measure is also expedient, according to which the markings are applied to metallic surface sections of the at least one piston rod using electrochemical, in particular galvanic, machining processes. This also enables long-term marking or inscription of the at least one piston rod to be carried out without the quality of the corresponding surface sections being significantly impaired.

According to a practicable embodiment it is provided that the hydraulic rescue device has a maximum available travel range between 300 mm and 1000 mm and the markings are arranged at a distance of 50 mm or 100 mm in relation to the longitudinal direction of the at least one piston rod. This makes it possible to create an optimized relationship between performance and light weight or effortless handling. In addition, a large number of typically occurring rescue scenarios, in particular in connection with vehicle accidents, can be covered. In addition, an optimized relationship between clarity and information content or information depth is achieved if the markings are arranged at a distance of 50 to 100 mm. In particular, this provides an operator with sufficient information about which thrust effects can still be achieved with the hydraulic rescue device. In particular, this creates an optimized relationship between the effort required for labeling and sufficient information content for the respective rescue worker.

According to an advantageous development, it can be provided that in the last section of the total available adjusting stroke of the at least one piston rod, compared to the initial section of the total available adjusting stroke, a comparatively higher arrangement density of markings or a comparatively higher spacing resolution is provided for the remaining stroke. In particular, this results in a higher resolution of the final route compared to the initial route. This offers the advantage that when the setting limit of the hydraulic rescue device is reached or is imminent, there is a higher information depth or a finer resolution of the adjustment path that is still available in order to make it easier for the rescuer to decide whether repositioning should be carried out should, an interposition of extension parts or additional support parts should be made, or whether the travel that is still available is sufficient to achieve the desired goal.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 1

einen hydraulischen Rettungszylinder in zumindest teilweise ausgefahrener Stellung der zumindest einen Kolbenstange in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 2

den Rettungszylinder nach Fig. 1 im Zustand mit eingezogener Stellung der zumindest einen Kolbenstange;

Fig. 3

den Rettungszylinder nach Fig. 1 in einer beispielhaften Einsatzsituation während der Verwendung durch eine Rettungsperson;

Fig. 4

den Rettungszylinder nach Fig. 3 im Zuge einer bestimmungsgemäßen Nutzung;

Fig. 5

ein Ausführungsbeispiel für Markierungen an der Kolbenstange eines Rettungszylinders;

Fig. 6

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für Markierungen an der Kolbenstange eines Rettungszylinders;

Fig. 7

ein Ausführungsbeispiel für Markierungen im letzten Teilabschnitt des maximal verfügbaren Stellhubes des Rettungszylinders;

Fig. 8

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für Markierungen im letzten Teilabschnitt des maximal verfügbaren Stellhubes des Rettungszylinders.

They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

Fig. 1

a hydraulic rescue cylinder in the at least partially extended position of the at least one piston rod in a perspective view;

Fig. 2

after the rescue ram Fig. 1 in the retracted state of the at least one piston rod;

Fig. 3

after the rescue ram Fig. 1 in an exemplary deployment situation during use by a rescue worker;

Fig. 4

after the rescue ram Fig. 3 in the course of intended use;

Fig. 5

an embodiment for markings on the piston rod of a rescue ram;

Fig. 6

a further embodiment for markings on the piston rod of a rescue ram;

Fig. 7

an embodiment for markings in the last section of the maximum available stroke of the rescue ram;

Fig. 8

Another embodiment for markings in the last section of the maximum available stroke of the rescue ram.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component designations, the disclosures contained in the entire description correspondingly referring to the same Parts with the same reference numbers or the same component names can be transferred. The position details chosen in the description, such as for example top, bottom, side, etc., refer to the figure immediately described and shown and these position details are to be transferred accordingly to the new position in the event of a change in position.

In the Figs. 1 to 4 an embodiment of an inventive hydraulic rescue device 1 is illustrated. This preferably hydraulically operated rescue device 1 is intended for manual operation or use by a rescue person 2, typically an employee of a technical support service or a member of the fire brigade. With regard to its total mass, the hydraulic rescue device 1 is designed in such a way that it is portable or mobile, in particular can be operated or brought to the place of use by only one rescue person 2. At most, hydraulic rescue devices 1 can also be designed, in which handling or efficient use by two or more rescue workers is necessary or appropriate.

The rescue device 1 shown as an example is intended for use in combination with an external hydraulic unit or pump unit, not shown here. In this context, the rescue device 1 comprises at least one coupling device 3 for a detachable connection, if necessary, with an in the Fig. 3, 4 schematically illustrated, as flexible as possible hydraulic line L to an external or separately placed hydraulic or pump unit. This coupling device 3 is designed as a hydraulic plug-in coupling in order to be able to establish or disconnect a fluidic connection between the rescue device 1 and the hydraulic unit 1 or its hose-like hydraulic line L as required. The hydraulic line L preferably comprises a so-called pressure line and a return line for the hydraulic fluid, which lines either run parallel or can also be designed coaxially to one another.

The at least one hydraulic or mechanical-hydraulic coupling device 3 can - as shown - be connected to a hydraulic cylinder 5 of the rescue device 1 via an at least partially flexible line connection 4. The hydraulic cylinder 5 represents the primary or fundamental component of the rescue device 1. This hose-like line connection 4 on the hydraulic rescue device 1 has in FIG Usually less than a meter in length. This offers advantages in the ergonomics and flexibility of use of the hydraulic rescue device 1 that can be achieved.

Alternatively, it is also possible to design the mechanical-hydraulic coupling device 3 to be rigid or fixed in position on the hydraulic cylinder 5 or on a connection interface formed thereon. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a permanent, in particular a non-releasable or only releasable hydraulic connection with the aid of tools between the rescue device 1 or between its hydraulic cylinder 5 and an external hydraulic unit. It is also possible to structurally combine the rescue device 1 with a hydraulic unit or pump unit, in particular to combine it into a structural unit. In this case, a battery-operated hydraulic unit, in particular, can be a fixed or, if necessary, detachable component of the mobile rescue device 1. Alternatively, the electrical energy supply of such a structurally combined rescue device 1 can also take place from an external power source, in which case only a cable connection is provided between this external power source and the hydraulic rescue device 1.

It is essential that, in conjunction with the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the corresponding drive unit for the hydraulic cylinder 5, the best possible ratio between lightness or portability and the achievable performance, in particular the achievable actuating force and / or actuating speed of the hydraulic cylinder 5, is achieved. In particular, the handling and the performance of the hydraulic rescue device 1 should be in an optimal relationship, for which purpose compromises with regard to pump or hydraulic performance and performance of the hydraulic cylinder 5 must be made on a case-by-case basis. The hydraulic unit comprises a high-pressure hydraulic pump which can be driven by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, which electric motor can be supplied with electrical drive energy from a power supply system, from a generator with an internal combustion engine, or from a battery. The external or integrally designed pump or hydraulic unit can provide hydraulic pressures of up to 700 bar or more.

The hydraulic cylinder 5 of the rescue device 1 comprises, in a manner known per se, a cylinder tube 6 and at least one piston rod 7, 7 ′ which can be adjusted relative to the cylinder tube 6. In particular, at least one piston rod 7, 7 ′ is provided, which is guided in a linearly adjustable manner relative to the cylinder tube 6. The at least one piston rod 7, 7 'is between a starting or rest position 8 ( Fig. 2 ) in at least one working position 9 ( Fig. 1 ) transferable, which is at least one working position 9 between the starting or rest position 8 and a construction-related limited end or maximum position 10. In this end or maximum position 10, which in Fig. 1 was illustrated with dashed lines, the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'adjustable relative to the cylinder tube 6 is extended to the maximum and - as is known per se - by mechanical limit stops or other structural measures, such as shut-off valves or control-related end position limits, with regard to further extension - or adjustment movement away from the cylinder tube 6 is technically limited or limited. The structurally limited extension length or the maximum available travel between the starting or rest position 8 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 or of its at least one piston rod 7, 7 'and the end or maximum position 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 or of its at least one piston rod 7, 7 'defines a technically maximally available or, from a structural point of view, maximally achievable actuating stroke 11 of the rescue device 1, in particular of its hydraulic cylinder 5 or piston rod 7, 7'.

This maximum adjustment stroke 11, which is maximally available from the rescue device 1 or is maximally available for the rescuer 2, depends primarily on the axial length of the cylinder tube 6 or on its available axial length of the cylindrical cavity, on the design and number of piston rods 7, 7 ', on the transverse rigidity or buckling stability of the hydraulic cylinder 5 to be achieved and on further construction measures and stability requirements. In the illustrated embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is designed as a so-called telescopic cylinder, in which, for example, two telescopically adjustable piston rods 7, 7 'are provided. It is also conceivable to provide more than two piston rods 7, 7 ′, or to guide only a single piston rod 7 so as to be adjustable relative to the cylinder tube 6. The illustrated hydraulic cylinder 5 in telescopic design offers the advantage that, despite a relatively short axial length of the cylinder tube 6, a relatively large maximum adjustment stroke 11 can be achieved.

The hydraulic cylinder 5 of the rescue device 1 can basically be designed as a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 5 in which, as a result of the introduction of hydraulic fluid into the cylinder tube 6, the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'extends relative to the cylinder tube 6, in particular starting from the initial or rest position 8 or, starting from any working position 9, can be transferred into another working position 9 or into the end or maximum position 10. The return to the starting or rest position 8 or to a changed working position 9 can be effected by external force, for example by pushing movements of the rescue worker 2, by the action of gravity, by loading an object, or by a return spring. Resetting of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'based on spring force is particularly useful in the case of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 5.

However, the hydraulic cylinder 5 of the rescue device 1 is preferably designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 5, in which both an extension movement - arrow 12 - and a retraction movement - arrow 13 - of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'relative to the cylinder tube 6 by means of hydraulic pressure, in particular using the hydraulic or pumping function of the hydraulic unit, not shown, can be accomplished or initiated. In this connection there is a controlled supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid with respect to the hydraulic cylinder 5.

If the hydraulic cylinder 5 is designed as a double-acting cylinder, bidirectional adjustment movements that can be activated and deactivated as required, i.e. alternating extension and retraction movements of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'relative to the cylinder tube 6, can be performed quickly and comfortably by a rescue worker 2. To control the corresponding adjustment movements, in particular the extension movement 12 and / or the retraction movement 13, at least one manually operable control valve 14 is provided on the rescue device 1, in particular on the hydraulic cylinder 5. This manually operable control valve 14 comprises at least one actuating element 15, 16 with which or with which extension movements 12 and / or retraction movements 13 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'can be initiated or ended. According to the example, two actuating elements 15, 16 are provided on the hydraulic control valve 14. The actuating elements 15, 16 are designed as push buttons or pushbuttons. The first actuating element 15 serves to initiate retraction movements, while the further actuating element 16 for initiating extension movements 12 is provided. Instead of using pushbuttons, it is also possible to construct the actuating elements 15, 16 by rocker buttons, sliding elements, one or more rotary controls and the like in order to enable manual operation or proportionally controlled operation of the control valve 14 .

At least one first support surface 17 is provided on the cylinder tube 6 for load-transferring support of the rescue device 1 on a first object surface that can be freely selected by a rescue person 2. According to the example, the at least one first support surface 17 is provided on the end of the cylinder tube 6 facing away from the extendable piston rods 7, 7 ′. Alternatively or in combination with this, it can be provided that at least one support surface is formed on the outer surface of the cylinder tube 6, in particular is formed by at least one support bracket or some other projection on the outer surface of the cylinder tube 6. It is also possible to provide step-like or stepped support surfaces 17 at the front end and / or near the outer surface of the cylinder tube 6. For the most slip-proof support of the rescue device on various object surfaces, for example on vehicle or body surfaces, it can be provided that the at least one first support surface 17 comprises an anti-slip profile 18 and / or friction-increasing surfaces, for example made of an elastomer or another plastic . Instead of a strongly contoured profiling 18, at least one of the first support surfaces 17 can also have an increased surface roughness or an increased coefficient of friction, for example by means of finely structured embossing or by coatings with proportions of friction-increasing grains. Profiles 18 of this type or the other friction-increasing measures are intended to prevent the rescue device 1, in particular the cylinder tube 6, from slipping undesirably with respect to the respective object surfaces.

In addition, at least one second support surface 19 is formed on the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'for load-transferring support of the rescue device 1 on second object surfaces that can be freely selected by a rescuer 2. The at least one second support surface 19 is preferably formed on the end of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ′ facing away from the cylinder tube 6 or at the distal end. The free or protruding front end of the outermost piston rod 7 is typically designed as a support surface 19. According to the example, the support surface 19 is embodied on a pressure piece 20 that is preferably rotatably mounted. This second support surface 19 can in turn be present several times, in particular stepped or stepped in order to enable better adaptation to different operating conditions and / or have a profiling 21 in order to prevent the at least one second support surface 19 or the entire rescue device from slipping 1 to increase compared to an object area. As an alternative to or in combination with such a profiling 21, friction-increasing measures can also be provided in connection with the second support surface 19, such as, for example, elastomeric subsections, sections with increased surface roughness, and the like.

How best from the Fig. 3, 4 As can be seen, the first support surface 17 and the second support surface 19 can be provided for supporting or introducing force against object surfaces of an accident vehicle, in particular a vehicle body. In this context, separate support shoes or other force introduction elements or coupling aids can be provided in order to be able to achieve an even better, non-slip support of the hydraulic rescue device 1 and a reliable and efficient introduction of force on the part of the rescue device 1 into the respective object, in particular onto the respective object Exercise or achieve object surfaces or body parts.

As best from a synopsis of the Fig. 1 , 3 and 4 As can be seen, it is useful if at least one marking 23, 23 'is formed on the surface, in particular on the lateral surface 22, 22' of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ', preferably several markings 23, 23' are formed which at least a marking 23, 23 'is provided at least to signal a remaining stroke 24 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7' with respect to the cylinder tube 6 that is still available. Alternatively or in combination with this, it can be provided that the at least one marking 23, 23 'for signaling a respective actuating stroke 25 covered by the at least one piston rod 7, 7' opposite the cylinder tube 6, in particular opposite the nearest end of the cylinder tube 6, opposite the exit - or rest position 8 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ', or opposite the first support surface 17 of the cylinder tube 6 is provided. The markings 23, 23 'on the at least one piston rod 7, 7' can be read by a rescue worker 2 during the intended use or in the course of operating the hydraulic rescue device 1, in particular visually detectable and at least with reference to the remaining stroke 24 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 that is still available can be interpreted by the rescue worker 2. The remaining stroke 24 is the still available adjustment path of the hydraulic cylinder 5 or of its at least one piston rod 7, 7 ', which is still available starting from its current working position 9 in the direction of the maximum possible or limit stop end or maximum position 10 stands. The remaining stroke 24 is therefore maximally large starting from a starting or rest position 8 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ', while the remaining stroke 24 that is still available becomes smaller and smaller as the extension movement 12 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7' increases, and which remaining stroke 24 when the end or maximum position 10 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'is assumed, ultimately assumes or has the value zero.

The remaining stroke 24 is therefore a length dimension between the value "zero" and the maximum available adjustment travel or actuating stroke, depending on the respective operating situation or working position 9 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ' 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 or of its at least one piston rod 7, 7 'which can be adjusted relative to the cylinder tube 6. The fixed markings 23, 23 'on the at least one piston rod 7, 7' identify or signal directly or indirectly the remaining stroke 24 still available in the course of the extension or extension movements 12 relative to the cylinder tube 6.

The remaining stroke 24 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 that is still available is preferably signaled or made clear to a rescue worker 2 by means of a plurality of markings 23, 23 'on the lateral surface 22, 22' of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 '. According to a technically equivalent embodiment or according to a combinatorial embodiment for displaying the remaining stroke 24, it can also be provided that the markings 23, 23 'or additional inscriptions or other markings on the lateral surface 22, 22' of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ' for signaling the actuating stroke 25 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'with respect to the cylinder tube 6. Markings 23, 23 'are to be understood as individual markings or groups of markings spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the at least one piston rod 7, 7', which indicate the available remaining stroke 24 and / or the actuating stroke 25 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'already covered. represent or signal.

In the case of a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 5, the markings 23, 23 'can be provided on all piston rods 7, 7', or on only one of the piston rods 7, 7 ', in particular on the piston rod 7' with the comparatively larger or largest diameter . As in Fig. 5 has been shown schematically, the markings 23 can be arranged distributed or offset in relation to the circumferential direction of the lateral surface 22.

According to an expedient embodiment, as shown in Fig. 6 illustrated by way of example, the corresponding markings or markings 23 on the surface or lateral surface 22, 22 'of the at least one piston rod 7, 7' may include various dimensions 26, which dimensions 26 represent the remaining stroke 24 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'Specify value or amount.

Alternatively or in combination with this, these markings 23, 23 ′, which are designed as dimensional information 26, or the attached markings 23, 23 ′, which include dimensional information 26, can also signal the actuating stroke 25 that has already been covered. In particular, such dimensions 26 can show the rescue worker 2 to what extent the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ′ has already been extended relative to the cylinder tube 6. In this context, it is particularly useful if the rescue device 1, in particular on its cylinder tube 6 and / or on the lateral surface 22, 22 'of the at least one piston rod 7, 7', has at least one maximum value indication 27 - Fig. 1, 2 - Is provided, which indicates the maximum adjustment stroke 11 or the total travel of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'or defines the maximum achievable total length of the rescue device 1. On the basis of such clear text dimensions 26 about the adjustment stroke 25 already covered, a rescue person 2 can also get an idea of which remaining stroke 24 - Fig. 1 - is still available. To this end, the rescuer 2 subtracts the measurement 26 about the actuating stroke 25 already covered from the maximum value 27, and the rescuer 2 is thus also informed about the remaining stroke 24 that is still available or about the pushing or pushing distance that can still be used.

However, it is more advantageous or more expedient if the dimensions 26 on the surface or on the lateral surface 22, 22 'of the at least one piston rod 7, 7' still exist Display or directly signal available residual stroke 24 in relation to extension movements 12 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ′, for example by means of symbols and / or by means of plain text or dimensions 26.

The preferably provided values or dimensions 26 on the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'can include numerical values and units of measurement, as shown in FIG Fig. 6 is exemplified. The markings 23, 23 'or the dimensions 26 on the at least one piston rod 7, 7' can also be in the form of a table of dimensions or a scale 31 ( Fig. 6 ; Fig. 7 ), in which individual markings 23, 23 'are present without dimensional information, while other markings 23, 23' have corresponding dimensional information 26, in particular at least numerical values. In particular, it is also possible that the dimensions 26 only include numerical values and a repeated specification of measurement units, such as millimeters, centimeters, decimeters, inches or the like, is unnecessary.

The markings 23, 23 'can alternatively or in combination with numerical values and / or dimensions 26 also include marking rings or line markings 28 which run partially or completely over the cross-sectional or jacket circumference of the at least one piston rod 7, 7', as shown in FIGS Fig. 5, 6 is shown as an example. In particular, such line markings 28 can run over the entire circumference of the jacket ( Fig. 6 ) and thus be self-contained. This enables readability from almost all angles with respect to the at least one piston rod 7, 7 '. As an alternative, it is also possible to implement stepped or partially running line markings 28, as shown in FIG Fig. 5 is illustrated. As a result, the processing or labeling effort can be kept relatively low and, nevertheless, good legibility and / or comprehensibility can be achieved from many viewing or usage angles.

In order to be able to obtain a good overview of the remaining stroke 24 that is still available or of the actuating stroke 25 already covered, it is advantageous if, in relation to the longitudinal direction of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ', several markings 23 spaced at regular or irregular intervals from one another , 23 'are executed as this the Fig. 1 , 3 , 4th , 5 and 6 can be found. In order to keep the labeling or identification effort as low as possible, it can also be provided that, with regard to the cross-sectional or jacket circumference of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ′, at least two preferably at least three or four identically executed markings 23, 23 ′ which are uniformly distributed in relation to the same cross-sectional or jacket circumference are attached. As a result, full labeling or marking of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'is superfluous and the respective markings 23, 23' can still be easily grasped regardless of the angular position or viewing direction with respect to the rescue device 1.

It is thus shown that the markings 23, 23 ′ can be formed by characters or symbols and / or by values, in particular by dimensions 26. The respective markings 23, 23 'are designed to have a contrasting color and are flush with the surface of the at least one piston rod 7, 7'. The markings 23, 23 'can also include arrow-shaped, bar-shaped or wedge-shaped symbols 29, which symbols 29 represent or signal the remaining stroke 24 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7' still available. These symbols 29 can be designed based on the identifications in connection with intensities or volume controls, as shown, for example, from Fig. 8 can be seen. As in Fig. 8 shown schematically, such a symbol 29 have a triangular or wedge shape. It is useful if, as in Fig. 8 shown, at least three or four wedge or arrow symbols distributed over the cross-sectional circumference of the lateral surface 22, 22 'are executed. It is also possible to provide four arrow or wedge symbols 29 extending over the cross-sectional circumference, in particular to design the symbols 29 in an angular range of 90 ° each. The preferably interconnected base lines 30 of these wedge-shaped or arrow-shaped symbols 29 define the maximally extended state of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'and the reaching or presence of the end or maximum position 10 ( Fig. 1 ) the at least one piston rod 7, 7 '.

As in Fig. 7 illustrated, a type of series of values or scale 31 can be provided, which signals the remaining travel 24 still available in several stages. The individual gradations in the remaining stroke 24 that is still available can be defined by line markings 28 of different lengths and / or by corresponding dimensions 26, in particular by millimeter or centimeter data. Accordingly, it can be provided that especially in the last section of the total available or maximum available adjusting stroke 11 of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 '- Fig. 1 - Compared to the initial section of the total available adjusting stroke 11 a comparative higher distance resolution for the remaining stroke 24 is provided. In particular, as shown in the Figures 7, 8 is shown by way of example, a comparatively higher resolution with regard to the final remaining stroke 24 can be provided in relation to the final distance than the distance resolution in the initial section of the total available adjustment stroke 11. In particular, the final adjustment stroke or the final remaining stroke 24 can have a path resolution in centimeters or millimeters ( Fig. 7 ) or a corresponding symbolic identification of the final distance up to the limit stop or maximum extended position of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'can be provided.

The maximum available adjustment stroke 11 of a practicable hydraulic rescue device 1, in particular of a hydraulic rescue device 1 that can only be operated by one person, is typically between 300 mm and 1000 mm. Its actuating or pressing force can be up to 300 kN. As a result, corresponding rescue devices 1 can be used in a large number of accident situations or in a large number of people being rescued from vehicles involved in an accident. The markings 23, 23 'on the at least one lateral surface 22, 22' of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 'can be arranged at a distance of 50 mm or 100 mm in relation to the longitudinal direction of the at least one piston rod 7, 7' be provided one inch apart. A maximum distance resolution of the markings 23, 23 'or the scale 31 is preferably 10 mm. As a result, the labeling or marking effort can be kept as low as possible and, nevertheless, sufficient information content for the rescue worker 2 can be achieved.

The markings 23, 23 'can in particular be formed by tempering colors, which tempering colors are produced by thermal effects on the metallic surface sections of the at least one piston rod 7, 7'. In particular, laser beam machining can be provided with which permanent or wear-resistant markings 23 or inscriptions can be introduced into the jacket sections 22, 22 'of the at least one piston rod 7, 7'. The surface of the at least one piston rod 7, 7 ′ can in particular be formed by a chrome-plated or hard chrome-plated surface, as is typical for piston surfaces for hydraulic cylinders 5. It is also possible for the markings 23, 23 'to be applied to the metallic surface sections of the at least one piston rod 7, 7' by electrochemical, in particular by galvanic machining processes. are upset. Such marking processes are known from the prior art and can be defined, for example, by a tampon electroplating process or an etching process.

The exemplary embodiments show possible design variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated design variants of the same, but rather various combinations of the individual design variants with one another are possible and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action by the present invention in Ability of the skilled person working in this technical field.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and the drawings should be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The task on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the present description are to be understood in such a way that they include any and all sub-areas, e.g. the information 1 to 10 should be understood to include all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 , ie all sub-ranges begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, for example 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

Finally, for the sake of clarity, it should be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, some elements have been shown not to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced. <b> List of reference symbols </b> 1 Rescue device 31 scale 2 Rescue worker L. Hydraulic line 3 Coupling device 4th Line connection 5 Hydraulic cylinder 6th Cylinder tube 7, 7 ' Piston rod 8th Starting or resting position 9 Working position 10 End or maximum position 11 maximum stroke 12 Extension movement 13th Pull-in movement 14th Control valve 15th Actuator 16 Actuator 17th first support surface 18th Profiling 19th second support surface 20th Pressure piece 21st Profiling 22, 22 ' Outer surface 23, 23 ' mark 24 Residual stroke 25th travel stroke 26th Measurement 27 Maximum value specification 28 Line marking 29 symbol 30th Baseline

Claims (12)

1. A hydraulic rescue device (1) for manual operation by a rescuer (2), comprising a hydraulic cylinder (5) comprising a cylinder tube (6) and at least one piston rod (7, 7') that can be adjusted relative to the cylinder tube (6), at least one first support surface (17) formed on the cylinder tube (6) for supporting the rescue device (1) in a load-transferring manner on first object surfaces that can be freely selected by a rescuer (2), at least one second support surface (19) formed on the at least one piston rod (7, 7') for supporting the rescue device (1) in a load bearing manner on second object surfaces that can be freely selected by a rescuer (2), and at least one control valve (14) that can be operated manually for the optional initiation and termination of adjusting movements of the at least one piston rod (7, 7') relative to the cylinder tube (6), characterized in that at least one or multiple markings (23, 23'), which can be read by a rescuer (2), are formed on the lateral surface (22, 22') of the at least one piston rod (7, 7'), which at least one marking (23, 23') is provided at least to signal a remaining stroke (24) of the at least one piston rod (7, 7') that is still available relative to the cylinder tube (6).
2. The hydraulic rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that multiple markings (23, 23'), which are spaced apart from one another with respect to the longitudinal axis of the at least one piston rod (7, 7'), are formed.
3. The hydraulic rescue device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the markings (23, 23') comprise measurements (26), which measurements (26) indicate the remaining stroke (24) that is still available of the at least one piston rod (7, 7').
4. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the markings (23, 23') comprise arrow-shaped, bar-shaped or cuneiform symbols (29), which symbols (29) indicate the remaining stroke (24) that is in each case still available of the at least one piston rod (7, 7').
5. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the markings (23, 23') are provided for signaling, in terms of value or amount, the remaining stroke (24) of the at least one piston rod (7, 7') that is still available with respect to the first support surface (17) on the cylinder tube (6).
6. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the markings (23, 23') comprise marker rings or line marks (28) extending at least partially across the cross-sectional or lateral circumference of the at least on piston rod (7, 7').
7. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two, preferably at least three markings (23) and/or measurements (26), which are designed identically and which are spread equally across the cross-sectional or lateral diameter, are applied with respect to the cross-sectional or lateral circumference of the at least one piston rod (7, 7').
8. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the markings (23, 23') are designed in contrasting colors and flush-mounted with respect to the surface of the at least one piston rod (7, 7').
9. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the markings (23, 23') are formed by annealing colors, which annealing colors are applied to metallic surface sections of the at least one piston rod (7, 7') by thermal impact, and are in particular produced by laser beam processing.
10. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of claims 1 through 8, characterized in that the markings (23, 23') are applied to metallic surface sections of the at least one piston rod (7, 7') by means of electrochemical, in particular galvanic, processing methods.
11. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its maximum available adjusting stroke (11) is between 300 mm and 1000 mm, and the markings (23, 23') are arranged at a distance of 50 mm or 100 mm with respect to the longitudinal direction of the at least one piston rod (7, 7').
12. The hydraulic rescue device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a comparably higher information density or denser distribution of the markings (23, 23') is provided in the last section of the total available adjusting stroke (11) of the at least one piston rod (7, 7') regarding the remaining stroke (24) compared to the initial section of the total available adjusting stroke (11), or a comparably higher information resolution is present across the final distance traveled by the at least one piston rod (7, 7').

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