EP3591673A1 - Actionneur électromagnétique - Google Patents

Actionneur électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3591673A1
EP3591673A1 EP19000289.9A EP19000289A EP3591673A1 EP 3591673 A1 EP3591673 A1 EP 3591673A1 EP 19000289 A EP19000289 A EP 19000289A EP 3591673 A1 EP3591673 A1 EP 3591673A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
coil
locking element
locking
electromagnetic actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19000289.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3591673B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Mühle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Isliker Magnete AG
Original Assignee
Isliker Magnete AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isliker Magnete AG filed Critical Isliker Magnete AG
Publication of EP3591673A1 publication Critical patent/EP3591673A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3591673B1 publication Critical patent/EP3591673B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
    • E05B47/0003—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core
    • E05B47/0004—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core said core being linearly movable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/02—Movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means; Adaptation of locks, latches, or parts thereof, for movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means
    • E05B47/026—Movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means; Adaptation of locks, latches, or parts thereof, for movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means the bolt moving rectilinearly
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E05B47/0619—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor
    • E05B47/0626—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially
    • E05B47/063—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially with a rectilinearly moveable blocking element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/124—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by mechanical latch, e.g. detent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0015—Output elements of actuators
    • E05B2047/0016—Output elements of actuators with linearly reciprocating motion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for locking applications, for example for security locks according to the preamble of main claim 1.
  • Actuators can be used in a variety of ways and can be used in a wide variety of areas, for example in control and regulation technology, in robotics or mechatronics or in sorting systems in delivery centers.
  • the present actuator should preferably be used in connection with a security lock, as can be found primarily for securing access to living, business and laboratory rooms or detention cells, as well as for theft protection, in particular in weapon or valuables cabinets (bank safes).
  • Electromagnetic actuators and their mode of operation are, for example, from the DE-10'2014'224'043 known. These essentially comprise a coil, an armature which can be displaced between two positions in this coil, a coil housing which at least partially surrounds the coil, and a locking means for mechanically fixing the armature in one of its positions, the locking means generally by energizing the coil can be unlocked. Actuators of this type differ essentially in their locking means. For example, in the DE-29'903'873 described an electromagnetic actuator, the armature of which can be fixed in one of its positions with the aid of soft magnetic locking elements which can be moved transversely to the direction of movement of the armature.
  • these locking elements When the coil is energized, these locking elements are penetrated by the generated magnetic field and can thus be moved against a spring force from a first position to a second position in order to lock or unlock the armature in one of these positions.
  • these soft magnetic locking elements wear out quickly, especially when operated with force, and do not allow long-term stable use in a security lock.
  • an electromagnetic actuator having the features of claim 1 and in particular by an electromagnetic actuator having an armature which has at least one locking element, the locking element comprising a permanent magnet fixedly attached therein.
  • This locking element is movably supported within a locking guide provided in a guide ring and engages for locking in a recess provided in the armature of the actuator.
  • This locking element is preferably located radially to the axial direction of the armature.
  • the locking element is arranged inclined to a transverse plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the armature.
  • the recess also has an inclined bottom and / or at least one inclined or stepped flank.
  • the term “radial to the axial direction of the armature” is understood to mean a directional beam radiating from a point lying on the central axis of movement of the armature.
  • This directional beam can either lie in a transverse plane perpendicular to the axial direction or be inclined to it, in particular lie on a conical lateral surface that extends from this point.
  • spoke-like distributed locking elements is only to be understood as a uniform distribution of the locking elements around the armature.
  • the armature actuates a bolt, for example for setting the switch in a sorting system of a delivery service or for a door lock, and for this purpose the armature assumes a first end position, in particular a closed position, when the coil is de-energized and takes it when energized the coil a second end position, in particular a release position.
  • the permanent magnet assumes a position relative to the armature and coil when locked, so that when the coil is energized it is exposed to a magnetic force generated by the stray field of the coil around the locking element to move out of the closed position. This ensures that the lock remains in place even in the event of a power failure.
  • the locking element is essentially non-magnetic, i.e. has a neutral or only slight para- or diamagnetic permeability of ⁇ ⁇ 1 and is made of a material with high strength, in particular with high breaking strength, depending on the use of the actuator.
  • the armature assumes a first end position when the coil is de-energized and with the aid of a spring element, preferably a return spring, in which the locking element engages in a recess in the armature and is also held there by means of the permanent magnet.
  • a spring element preferably a return spring
  • the locking element engages in a recess in the armature and is also held there by means of the permanent magnet.
  • the coil is energized, a magnetic field is built up, the field lines of which essentially flow through the ferromagnetic material, ie occur collectively in the armature, in the jacket body and in the yoke. Only a small part of the magnetic field generated by the coil fills the space outside the soft magnetic magnetic frame and forms a magnetic-specific stray field, the field lines of which run outside around the yoke and the jacket body.
  • this stray field serves to repel the permanent magnet from the armature, ie to push the locking element out of the locking position.
  • the armature is thus released and, against the restoring force of the spring element, it can move into the coil interior and into a second end position, ie the release position.
  • This unlocking movement is made possible by an orientation of the permanent magnet which is adapted to the coil winding direction, ie the permanent magnet provided, for example, on the locking side is used in such a way that its magnetic north pole is directed towards the armature when the magnetic north pole of the magnetic field generated is also on the locking side.
  • the permanent magnet is used in such a way that its magnetic south pole is directed toward the armature.
  • the permanent magnet should be oriented such that it pulls the locking element towards the armature when the coil is de-energized and repels the locking element from the armature when the coil is energized.
  • the present actuator for a security lock can be integrated directly into any desired flap, door or window frame, but can also be used in other areas, in particular in massive high-security systems or for activating an adjustment element used in another way , such as in a sorting system of a delivery center.
  • the illustrated electromagnetic actuator 1 comprises an electromagnet with a known structure, ie comprises a coil 3 lying in a winding support 2, which are surrounded in a known manner by a jacket body 4 and a yoke piece 5.
  • the sheathing body 4 does not need to completely enclose the coil 3, but can, for example, be designed as a frame, in particular in order to facilitate access to contact plugs for energizing the coil 3.
  • a pole piece 6 is firmly connected to the sheath body 4 and closes off the interior of the coil 3 in a known manner.
  • This coil interior is preferably lined with a bearing tube 9 of a known type, in which an armature 7 is movably mounted.
  • a restoring element 8 cooperating with this armature 7, in particular in the form of a spiral spring, is supported on the one hand on a guide ring 11 firmly connected to the yoke piece 5 and on the other hand on a spring plate 12 firmly connected to the armature 7, around the armature 7 when the coil 3 is not energized pull out of the coil interior and bring it into its end position P1 shown here.
  • the adjusting screw 17 Limit the stroke of the armature 7 in a simple manner, ie the end position P2 of the armature 7 can be set in the desired manner when the coil 3 is energized.
  • a locking element 10 which is slidably mounted in a locking guide 14, is provided in the guide ring 11, which is firmly connected to a permanent magnet 13 and locks the armature 7 in its end position P1.
  • the permanent magnet 13 permanently presses the locking element 11 against the armature 7 because of the attractive forces between the permanent magnet 13 and the ferromagnetic armature 7 and allows this locking element 10 to engage in a recess 15, thus preventing any further and undesirable movement of the armature 7.
  • the locking element 10, which is slidably mounted in the locking guide 14 in the guide ring 11, is secured here with a locking ring 16 mounted on the guide ring 11. It is understood that a plurality of locking elements 10 can be provided in this guide ring 11.
  • these locking elements 10 are arranged radially to the axial direction of movement A of the armature 7 and preferably arranged in a spoke-like manner around the armature 7.
  • the recess 15 is designed in the form of a circumferential groove 18.
  • the plurality of locking elements 10 can be arranged inclined to a transverse plane perpendicular to the axial direction A of the armature 7 and the circumferential groove 18 has a bottom area 19 that drops off on the coil side.
  • this circumferential groove 18 has a suitably stepped flank area 20 on the coil side.
  • Fig. 2 schematically represented section through the actuator 1 according to the invention shows this when the coil 3 is energized.
  • the construction of the electromagnet shown here corresponds to the arrangement already described, ie comprises a coil 3 lying in a winding support 2, which in a known manner comprises a jacket body 4 and a yoke piece 5 are surrounded.
  • the sheathing body 4 does not need to completely enclose the coil 3, but can, for example, be designed as a frame, in particular in order to facilitate access to contact plugs for energizing the coil 3.
  • a pole piece 6 is firmly connected to the jacket body 4 and closes in a known manner Manner of the interior of the coil 3.
  • This coil interior is preferably lined with a bearing tube 9 of a known type, in which an armature 7 is movably mounted.
  • a restoring element 8 cooperating with this armature 7, in particular in the form of a spring-elastic element, for example a spiral spring, is supported on the one hand on a guide ring 11 firmly connected to the yoke piece 5 and on the other hand on a spring plate 12 firmly connected to the armature 7, around the Pull armature 7 out of the coil interior when the coil 3 is not energized.
  • the stroke of the armature 7 can be limited in a simple manner, ie the end position P2 of the armature 7 can be adjusted when the coil 3 is energized, as shown here.
  • the locking element 10 slidably mounted in the guide ring 11 in the locking guide 14 is, according to the invention, firmly connected to a permanent magnet 13 and no longer engages in the cutout 15 or the current when the coil 3 is energized.
  • circumferential groove 18, ie allows the movement of the armature 7 in its second end position P2, respectively. Release position.
  • the permanent magnet 13 pulls the locking element 11 because of the magnetic repulsive forces between the permanent magnet 13 and the magnetic stray field F generated by the coil 3 from the recess 15, respectively. circumferential groove 18 out. It is understood that the pole of the permanent magnet 13 facing the armature 7 has the same polarity as the pole of the coil 3 facing the permanent magnet 13.
  • the locking element 10 which is displaceably mounted in the guide ring 11, is secured with a locking ring 16 attached to the guide ring 11.
  • a plurality of locking elements 10 can be provided in this guide ring 11.
  • these locking elements 10 are arranged radially in relation to the axial direction of movement A of the armature 7 and preferably in a spoke-like manner around the armature 7. It goes without saying that wherever a stray field generated by the coil can be, in particular in front of or behind or inside the coil arrangement, at least a locking element 10 interacting with the armature 7 can be provided.
  • the actuator 1 In a special development of the actuator 1 according to the invention, it is designed in the form of a bistable reversing lifting magnet, i.e. this has a reset element 8 in the form of an oppositely wound or controlled counter-coil and thus enables a reverse stroke.
  • the locking element 10 and the associated recess 15 in the armature 7 can also be arranged in front of or behind each of the coils or between the two coils.
  • An actuator 1 designed in this way can be used in bistable applications of all kinds, for example in automotive technology for driving authorization systems, in automation technology for sorting switches, in railway technology for access control systems and in security technology for door locks, etc.
  • the essentially non-magnetic locking element is made of a material with high strength, in particular with high breaking strength, such as a brass alloy with a tensile strength of 230 to 610 N / mm 2 or from a chromium-molybdenum alloy with a tensile strength of, for example, up to 1,000 N / mm 2 or from a technical plastic, such as, for example, from a plastic reinforced with carbon nanotubes with a tensile strength of, for example, up to 630,000 N / mm 2 .
  • the locking element primarily has a high shear strength and / or fatigue strength, ie fatigue strength.
  • the jacket body 4 and / or the yoke piece 5 can be provided with additional components in order to influence the field line course of the stray field and in particular thus to optimize the repulsive forces between the permanent magnet 13 and the armature 7.
  • the advantages of the present actuator are immediately apparent to the person skilled in the art and can be seen in particular in the component-reduced and therefore surprisingly simple construction, ie in the space-saving and functionally reliable design.
  • the actuator according to the invention allows this adapt easily to desired requirements, especially for use in a low-wear, ie long-term stable security lock.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
EP19000289.9A 2018-06-12 2019-06-12 Actionneur électromagnétique Active EP3591673B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00752/18A CH715081B1 (de) 2018-06-12 2018-06-12 Elektromagnetischer Aktuator.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3591673A1 true EP3591673A1 (fr) 2020-01-08
EP3591673B1 EP3591673B1 (fr) 2021-08-04

Family

ID=66866871

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19000289.9A Active EP3591673B1 (fr) 2018-06-12 2019-06-12 Actionneur électromagnétique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3591673B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH715081B1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114171282A (zh) * 2021-11-03 2022-03-11 深圳市宗泰电机有限公司 电磁解锁机构
CN115405165A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2022-11-29 贵州振华群英电器有限公司（国营第八九一厂） 一种双衔铁、双线圈结构电磁锁控装置及控制电路

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112483716B (zh) * 2020-12-14 2022-12-27 欧好光电控制技术（上海）股份有限公司 电磁阀的驱动装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867756A (en) * 1955-05-10 1959-01-06 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay
DE4035889A1 (de) * 1990-11-12 1992-05-14 Bruno Gruber Hubmagnet
US5216909A (en) 1992-04-01 1993-06-08 Armoogam Michael A Electro-mechanical locking mechanism
DE29903873U1 (de) 1999-03-04 1999-06-02 Kuhnke Gmbh Kg H Elektrisches Gerät, insbesondere Hubmagnet
DE102014224043A1 (de) 2014-11-25 2016-05-25 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Aktuators

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867756A (en) * 1955-05-10 1959-01-06 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay
DE4035889A1 (de) * 1990-11-12 1992-05-14 Bruno Gruber Hubmagnet
US5216909A (en) 1992-04-01 1993-06-08 Armoogam Michael A Electro-mechanical locking mechanism
DE29903873U1 (de) 1999-03-04 1999-06-02 Kuhnke Gmbh Kg H Elektrisches Gerät, insbesondere Hubmagnet
DE102014224043A1 (de) 2014-11-25 2016-05-25 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Aktuators

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115405165A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2022-11-29 贵州振华群英电器有限公司（国营第八九一厂） 一种双衔铁、双线圈结构电磁锁控装置及控制电路
CN114171282A (zh) * 2021-11-03 2022-03-11 深圳市宗泰电机有限公司 电磁解锁机构
CN114171282B (zh) * 2021-11-03 2022-06-10 深圳市宗泰电机有限公司 电磁解锁机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH715081A2 (de) 2019-12-13
EP3591673B1 (fr) 2021-08-04
CH715081B1 (de) 2022-03-31

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