EP3588020A1 - Dispositif de production de glace et son procédé d'utilisation - Google Patents

Dispositif de production de glace et son procédé d'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3588020A1
EP3588020A1 EP19172483.0A EP19172483A EP3588020A1 EP 3588020 A1 EP3588020 A1 EP 3588020A1 EP 19172483 A EP19172483 A EP 19172483A EP 3588020 A1 EP3588020 A1 EP 3588020A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control container
water
ice
level sensor
producing ice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19172483.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3588020B1 (fr
Inventor
Alberto Italo Spinetti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Castel Mac Srl
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Castel Mac SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Castel Mac SpA filed Critical Castel Mac SpA
Publication of EP3588020A1 publication Critical patent/EP3588020A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3588020B1 publication Critical patent/EP3588020B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice
    • F25C1/22—Construction of moulds; Filling devices for moulds
    • F25C1/25—Filling devices for moulds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/265—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors for discrete levels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25C2700/04—Level of water

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for producing ice to be used, for example, for keeping fish fresh on counters of shops and supermarkets, for preparing cocktails and other cold drinks and more in general to be used in the food industry.
  • ice makers designed to produce ice in relatively large quantities to be used, for example, for keeping fish fresh on counters of shops and supermarkets, for preparing cocktails and other cold drinks, for making bread or in general to be used in the food, pharmaceutical or medical industry.
  • An ice maker is currently able to produce, approximately, between 10 and 1000 kilograms of ice per day.
  • the ice can be produced in the form of slabs, to be subsequently ground or broken, or in the form of cubes, balls or chips; the latter can also be compacted into small cylinders.
  • the current ice making machines operate by cooling water with an evaporator of a cooling circuit.
  • the water directly touches the evaporator and is cooled by it until freezing.
  • the evaporator When the evaporator is covered by a layer of ice of the desired thickness, it is defrosted by introducing hot gas which causes the detachment of the mass of ice.
  • the thickness and uniformity of the ice formed on the evaporator is currently determined either indirectly by measuring a temperature on the evaporator or more frequently by directly measuring the dimensions of the ice formed by means of dimensional measurement devices or conductivity sensors which are put into contact with the slab of ice formed by means of various types of sensors immersed or in any case in contact with the water in the tank.
  • FIG. 1 , 1A An example of a prior art ice thickness sensor is shown in Figure 1 , 1A : in the prior art ice making machine 1 the water drawn by the pump 103 reaches the distributor 105, then drips on the tray 107 and then on the evaporator 7 which forms a grid of cells.
  • the known sensor for measuring the thickness of the ice 111 comprises two electrical contacts 110A, 110B.
  • the two contacts 110A, 110B are opened - the water which drips from above is not sufficient to close them - whilst when the desired thickness of ice is formed on the evaporator 7 the contacts 110A, 110B close and start the defrosting cycle.
  • the prior art ice making machine 1 is also equipped with a level sensor 113 which signals when the level HW of the water in the tank 9 has reached or exceeded a predetermine limit level.
  • both the sensors 111, 113 In order for both the sensors 111, 113 to operate they must be immersed in the water and they measure substantially an electrical conductivity, and they therefore have various drawbacks; for example, they require frequent maintenance and manual adjustments by trained personnel of the ice making machine manufacturer, since the personnel of the company which purchased and uses the machine are not sufficiently skilled.
  • the calibration of the current ice thickness sensors 111 is a various complex and delicate operation as it is carried out by screwing and unscrewing, with a screwdriver, common screws which do not have a micrometric thread.
  • the accumulation tank or bowl is currently regularly and completely emptied of all the water; in fact, minerals do not sediment in the ice normally produced, and the concentration of mineral salts increases in the water which remains in the bowl; the water is completely replaced with new water which is less rich in lime and the other mineral salts.
  • the author of the invention considers that the current sensors for automatically controlling ice making machines have relatively poor precision and reliability and very delicate.
  • An aim of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a device for producing ice which controls the formation of the ice with greater precision and reliability and requires a less frequent and a simpler maintenance.
  • this aim is achieved with a device for producing ice having the characteristics according to claim 1.
  • the level sensor (15, 15', 15") is designed for measuring the level of the water in the control container (9) in a substantially analogue manner or in a substantially discrete manner.
  • control container (9) comprises one or more of the following elements: a tray, a tank, a siphon or also a simple stretch of conduit with a more or less uniform cross-section.
  • this aim is achieved with a process having the characteristics according to claim 15.
  • the cooling surface (7, 7') comes into contact with water coming from the control container (9, 9'), cooling it and freezing it.
  • the process comprises the operation of coating with ice at least part of the cooling surface (7, 7'), freezing water coming from control container(9, 9').
  • Figure 2 is relative to a device for producing ice according to a particular embodiment of the invention, labelled as a whole with the numeral 1.
  • the device 1' can be designed for producing, for example, ice in slabs and/or in cubes or more generally ice to be used, for example, for keeping fish fresh on counters of shops and supermarkets, for preparing cocktails and other cold drinks, for making bread or in general to be used in the food, pharmaceutical or medical industry.
  • the device for producing ice 1' comprises:
  • the level sensor 15, 15' is designed for measuring the level HW of the water in the control container 9, 9' measuring an electrical capacitance associated with the quantity of water present in the control container 9, 9'.
  • the cooling surface 7 is formed on an evaporator of a heat carrier fluid cooling circuit.
  • the heat carrier fluid cooling circuit can comprise a capacitor, a compressor and an expansion valve or a cooling fluid lamination component (not illustrated).
  • the cooling surface 7, 7' can form, for example, a grid of cells as shown in Figure 2 , or form one or more cups 70 as shown in the embodiment of Figure 10 .
  • the cooling surface can have an overall planar shape whilst in other embodiments not illustrated it can also have convex or concave shapes, with a single or double curvature.
  • the ice making machine 1' can be equipped with a pump 103, a distributor 105 and a tray 107.
  • the grill or other cooling surface 7 is preferably and substantially vertical, and preferably above or close to the top of the cooling surface 7 are preferably located the distributor 105 and the tray 107.
  • the device for producing ice 1' is preferably designed for changing the cooling surface 7, during normal operation, a temperatures equal to or less than -15°C.
  • the control container 9 can be, for example, a tray ( Figures 2 , 10 ), a tank, a siphon or also a simple stretch of conduit with a more or less uniform cross-section.
  • the control system 11 can comprise, for example, a logic unit, such as, for example, an electronic microprocessor, designed for determining the quantity, thickness and/or weight of the ice present in the ice forming station 5 in on the basis of the measurements of the level sensor 15, 15', 15".
  • a logic unit such as, for example, an electronic microprocessor, designed for determining the quantity, thickness and/or weight of the ice present in the ice forming station 5 in on the basis of the measurements of the level sensor 15, 15', 15".
  • the level sensor 15, 15', 15" is of the capacitive type which, as explained in more detail below, allows any direct contact with the water charged with mineral salts to be avoided.
  • the level sensor 15 can comprise one or more positive and/or negative armatures 17, 19 of at least one hypothetical capacitor.
  • the dielectrics of the hypothetical capacitor means either the material and/or the space, which may also be empty, which influences the electrical capacitance measured by the sensor 15, 15'.
  • the other positive or negative armature of the at least hypothetical capacitor can be formed by the water contained in the tray or other control container 9.
  • the armatures 17, 17' can have a more or less elongated overall form and each of them can advantageously extend on a significant portion of the height HC of the control container 9; for example, it can extend at least over a quarter, more preferably at least over half, more preferably at least over three-quarters and even more preferably at least over five-sixths of the height HC of the control container 9.
  • the armature 17 of the level sensor 15' or the armatures 17, 17' of the sensor 15" extend over at least the entire height HC of the control container 9 or at least over five-sixths, four-fifths, three-quarters or two-thirds of its height HC.
  • the assembly formed by the plurality of armatures 19 also advantageously extends on a significant portion of the height HC of the control container 9; for example, it extends at least over a quarter, more preferably at least over half, more preferably at least over three-quarters and even more preferably over four-fifths of the height HC of the control container 9.
  • the assembly formed by the plurality of armatures 19 extends at least over the entire height HC of the control container 9.
  • the armatures 17, 17', 19 or other sensitive elements of the capacitive sensor 15, 15', 15" are made from an electrically conductive material.
  • the armatures 19 are preferably arranged on the sensor 15, 15" in such a way as to form one or more rows preferably but not necessarily rectilinear.
  • Each of the non-oblong armatures 19 can, on the other hand, have the approximate form of a notch if necessary flat, of a button, square or rectangular with a substantially squat shape (approximately of length equal to or less than twice or three times their height).
  • the armature 17, 17' can comprise, for example, an oblong strip, a sheet or a wire of metallic material or other electrical conductor ( Figure 2 ).
  • the capacitive level sensor 15', 15" is of the substantially continuous type and emits a substantially analogue electrical output signal, which may, if necessary, be subsequently discretized.
  • the level sensor 15 When the level sensor 15 is equipped with a plurality of armatures 19 of a hypothetical capacitor, they are electrically connected in parallel to each other so as to have the same polarity ( Figure 5 ).
  • the level sensor 15 is preferably equipped with at least four armatures 19, more preferably five, at least ten, at least fifteen armatures 19 and even more preferably with at least twenty armatures 19.
  • the capacitive level sensor 15 is of the substantially discrete type and emits a substantially discrete electrical output signal, that is to say, quantized or digital.
  • the discrete capacitive sensor 15 of Figure 4 , 5 can be able to distinguish four, five, ten, fifteen or twenty different values of the water level in the tray or other control container 9.
  • the oblong armatures 17 and the rows of armatures 19 preferably extend in vertical directions or, in any case, in low-high directions.
  • the capacitive level sensor 15, 15', 15" can be equipped with a shell or other outer protective casing 150, for example in the form of a rod, tab, case, cylinder or bar.
  • the armatures 17, 17', 19 can protrude outside the casing 150 or be enclosed by it and insulted from the outside environment.
  • the protective casing 150 can be made, for example, of plastic material, advantageously of food-safe plastic, and can be subjected to a suitable nano-technological treatment which slows down the deposit of lime (by the deposit of quartz of a few microns).
  • the capacitive level sensor 15 could also comprise, preferably enclosed in the same protective casing 150, one or more of the following additional sensors:
  • a sensor 15, 15', 15" can be equipped with an electronic card 156 which can control its operation.
  • the capacitive level sensor 15, 15', 15" can be directly immersed, with a relative protective casing 150, in the water contained in the tray or other control container 9.
  • the sensor 15 arranged in this way is drawn with dashed lines in Figure 2 .
  • This arrangement improves the reading precision and reliability of the sensor.
  • the capacitive level sensor 15, 15', 15" can be positioned in a separate housing 90 in a sealed fashion from the tray or other control container 9 but in contact, or adjacent or very close to a wall of the control container 9, in such a way that the sensor 15, 15', 15" is able to measure the variations of level of the water through the wall of the container 9.
  • This arrangement facilitates the access, cleaning, replacement and maintenance of the sensor.
  • the sensor 15 arranged in this way is drawn with solid lines in Figure 2 ; clearly, the device 1' of Figure 2 does not necessarily have two level sensors 15 and it preferably has only one.
  • the capacitive level sensor 15 is arranged with its armatures 17 or 19 resting on or in any case in contact with an outer wall of the control container 9, as shown, for example, in Figure 6 .
  • Figure 10 shows a second embodiment of the device for producing ice 1" according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the cooling surface 7' forms a plurality of cups 70 the outlets of which substantially face downwards and are positioned on a surface which is, for example, planar.
  • the cooing surface 7' is formed on an evaporator of a fluid-type cooling surface, stretches of the pipe in which the heat transfer fluid flows can be welded on the outer walls of the cups 70.
  • the device 1" is equipped with a control container 9' in the form, for example, of a tray.
  • the plurality cups 70 substantially form a ceiling.
  • a pump 103 draws water from the tray 9' and sprays it upwards against the cups 70 through the pipe 109 and a suitable nozzle positioned on a relative downstream end.
  • the device for producing ice 1', 1" can be made, for example, as a separate machine ( Figure 10 ), comprising, for example, a carter 115 or other outer casing made of sheet metal and/or plastic material, preferably heat-insulating, and containing inside it one or more of the following units: the ice forming station 5', the evaporator or other cooling surface 7', the control container 9, 9' the level sensor 15, 15', 15" and the control system 11.
  • the step of forming ice in an ice making machine of the type of the device 1 is called the “cold phase”
  • the step of defrosting the cooling surface 7 is generally called the “warm phase”.
  • the tray or other control container 9 is filled with drinking water up to a predetermined maximum level.
  • the pump 103 draws water from the control container 9 and, through the conduit 117, sends it to the distributor 105.
  • the capacitive level sensor 15 or 15' or 15" measures the variation over time of the level of water in the tank or other control container 9.
  • the logic unit 11 or other logic unit can be programmed or in any case designed to take into account any non-linearity of the output signal of the sensor 15 due to particular shapes of the container 9, in such a way that there is preferably a linear relation between the variation of the level of water in the container 9 and the output signal of the sensor 15.
  • the logic unit 11 or other logic unit can memorise and apply to the output signal of the sensor 15 a calibration curve, shown, by way of example, in Figure 8 , which correlates the height of the water surface in the container 9 with the quantity of water present in the container 9.
  • control container 9 is not further filled or topped up with water ad in this case the logic unit 11 registers and considers the new addition.
  • the control system 11 determines - preferably in real time, or in any case at predetermined intervals of time but preferably continuously over time - the level of the water in the container 9, and consequently, as it is a closed circuit substantially free of losses - which are usually negligible due, for example, to sprays and evaporation, and these may in any case be taken into account - the variation of water transformed into ice, determining the weight and the thickness of the slab of ice as it is gradually formed on the cooling surface 7 and, when it detects that the thickness has reached the desired value, activates the defrosting process to favour the detachment of the slab of ice from the cooling surface 7, determining the end of the cold phase and the start of the warm phase of the operation of the device 1.
  • the evaporator can be defrosted, for example, by introducing in its coil the same heat transfer fluid suitably warm.
  • the slab of ice can be removed, for example, by hand by an operator and, for example, ground if it is to be used for producing ground ice, or simply kept in a heat-insulated store such as, for example, the store 119 made in the body of the device 1" ( Figure 10 ) or in separate stores.
  • the measurement of the progress of the formation of the slab of ice by the devices 1', 1" is much less disturbed and subject to measurement errors and imprecisions and therefore allows a greater precision and uniformity in the production.
  • the continuous and precise measurement of the temperature of the water together with the speed of formation of the ice allows those under-cooling conditions with respect to zero degrees to be avoided, which cause in some conditions the formation of frozen slush, that influences the pumping capacity of the water recirculation pump and, consequently, the quality and quantity of the ice produced.
  • the control system 11 can request the renewal of the water by emitting an alarm signal - for example visual, acoustic or electronic - and, if necessary, block the operation of the device 1, until the water in the tank or other control container 9 is replaced with water with less limescale and mineral salts, avoiding, on the one hand, excessive concentrations and encrustations of limescale on the sensor 15 and in the tank 9, and, on the other hand, changing the water of the tank 9 only when actually necessary and therefore wasting less water.
  • an alarm signal - for example visual, acoustic or electronic -
  • the device 1 can be programmed or in any case designed for comparing with a first and a second concentration threshold the concentration of mineral salts in the water of the control container 9, 9' and automatically actuating the following operations:
  • the temperature sensor 152 allows the monitoring - for example, in real time or in any case at predetermined time intervals, which are sufficiently frequent - of any phenomena of under-cooling of the water in the tank or other control container 9, these phenomena being due to a fall in the temperature of the evaporator, or more generally the cooling surface 7, which is too slow.
  • the under-cooling of the water that is to say, below its freezing temperature, often causes the formation of frozen slush which obstructs the good operation of the device 1, especially if equipped with a water recirculation pump 103.
  • the device for producing ice 1 can, for example, be designed for introducing warmer mains water in the control container 9 when the temperature sensor 152 detects a temperature equal to or lower than the critical threshold for undercooling.
  • the device 1 in particular thanks to its level sensor 15, is able to measure with greater precision and constantly the quantity of ice gradually formed over time during each cold phase, allowing the reaching of the desired thickness - or weight - of the slab of ice in the ice forming station 5 to be determined with greater precision.
  • the capacitive level sensor 15 can be easily reached and cleaned of any encrustations, or in any case by means of an automatic cleaning cycle which uses descaling products, and without the need to have reached the innermost parts of the machine 1', 1" or other device for producing ice 1', 1".
  • the capacitive sensor 15, 15', 15" does not have moving parts it requires much less maintenance compared with known mechanical or electromechanical level sensors.
  • the level sensor 15 since it is an essentially electrical/electronic component, the level sensor 15 does not require mechanical calibration operations performed by an operator directly on the machine, but can be calibrated remotely, for example by transmitting calibration commands by means of the Internet or WiFi, Zigbee or Bluetooth networks or other networks and local communication systems.
  • the logic unit of the control system 11 can comprise not only an electronic microprocessor but also a mechanical, electromechanical or wired logic unit.
  • the level sensor 15, 15', 15" can comprise not only armatures of a hypothetical capacitor 17, 17', 19 but also other types of sensitive elements for measuring electrical capacitance variations.
  • any materials and dimensions may be used, depending on the technical requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Production, Working, Storing, Or Distribution Of Ice (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
EP19172483.0A 2018-06-22 2019-05-03 Dispositif et procédé pour produire de la glace Active EP3588020B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102018000006580A IT201800006580A1 (it) 2018-06-22 2018-06-22 Dispositivo produttore di ghiaccio e procedimento per utilizzarlo

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3588020A1 true EP3588020A1 (fr) 2020-01-01
EP3588020B1 EP3588020B1 (fr) 2021-03-10

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EP19172483.0A Active EP3588020B1 (fr) 2018-06-22 2019-05-03 Dispositif et procédé pour produire de la glace

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IT (1) IT201800006580A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113280545A (zh) * 2021-05-19 2021-08-20 厦门欧化实业有限公司 一种应用于油墨生产的工业冰水储冷系统

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6337959B1 (en) * 1999-11-24 2002-01-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Liquid level detector and liquid level measuring apparatus of printer adopting the same
WO2008013369A1 (fr) * 2006-07-27 2008-01-31 Woongjin Coway Co., Ltd. Appareil de commande de niveau d'eau sans contact
KR20090092387A (ko) * 2008-02-27 2009-09-01 엘지전자 주식회사 냉장고용 제빙 어셈블리 및 제빙 어셈블리의 물넘침 방지방법
US20120031114A1 (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-09 Manitowoc Foodservice Companies, Llc Method and system for producing clear ice
US20120247130A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Nidec Sankyo Corporation Ice making device and its control method
US20170059386A1 (en) * 2015-08-26 2017-03-02 Mgi Coutier Device for contactless measurement of a level in a tank

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6337959B1 (en) * 1999-11-24 2002-01-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Liquid level detector and liquid level measuring apparatus of printer adopting the same
WO2008013369A1 (fr) * 2006-07-27 2008-01-31 Woongjin Coway Co., Ltd. Appareil de commande de niveau d'eau sans contact
KR20090092387A (ko) * 2008-02-27 2009-09-01 엘지전자 주식회사 냉장고용 제빙 어셈블리 및 제빙 어셈블리의 물넘침 방지방법
US20120031114A1 (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-09 Manitowoc Foodservice Companies, Llc Method and system for producing clear ice
US20120247130A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Nidec Sankyo Corporation Ice making device and its control method
US20170059386A1 (en) * 2015-08-26 2017-03-02 Mgi Coutier Device for contactless measurement of a level in a tank

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113280545A (zh) * 2021-05-19 2021-08-20 厦门欧化实业有限公司 一种应用于油墨生产的工业冰水储冷系统
CN113280545B (zh) * 2021-05-19 2022-04-12 厦门欧化实业有限公司 一种应用于油墨生产的工业冰水储冷系统

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EP3588020B1 (fr) 2021-03-10
IT201800006580A1 (it) 2019-12-22

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