EP3586999B1 - Metal with solids - Google Patents
Metal with solids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3586999B1 EP3586999B1 EP18180430.3A EP18180430A EP3586999B1 EP 3586999 B1 EP3586999 B1 EP 3586999B1 EP 18180430 A EP18180430 A EP 18180430A EP 3586999 B1 EP3586999 B1 EP 3586999B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solids
- casting
- melt
- casting melt
- conveying conduit
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/186—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by using electric, magnetic, sonic or ultrasonic means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
- B22D21/04—Casting aluminium or magnesium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and the device for the production of metals or metal alloys mixed with solids, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, for the casting of cast parts, preferably die-cast parts, with the steps: Melting of a metal or a metallic alloy by means of a melting device, transport of the cast melt by means of a conveying line to the casting molds to be filled, supply of solids to the cast melt during transport of the cast melt in the conveying line, the cast melt with the supplied solids during transport in the conveying line in at least one mixing zone is preferably mixed by means of energy input.
- the U.S. 2004/261970A1 discloses a method in which the molten metal is passed from a furnace into a furnace with a mixer where particles are added.
- the U.S. 6,253,831 B1 discloses a method in which ultrasound is used to mix the melt, the mixing taking place in the crucible.
- the U.S. 7,509,993 B1 discloses a method in which the particles are added while the cast melt is still in the liquid state in the furnace.
- this object is achieved in that the thorough mixing in the mixing zone takes place by means of an ultrasonic sonotrode and the cast melt and solids are excited by means of ultrasound
- the method according to the invention relates to a manufacturing method of metals or metal alloys mixed with solids, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, for the casting of cast parts, preferably die-cast parts.
- the metal or the metal alloy is melted until the metal or the metal alloy changes to the liquid state and is present as a cast melt.
- the casting melt is transported to the casting molds to be filled by means of a conveying line, this preferably being able to take place via a gradient in the conveying line and/or by means of a pump.
- An electromagnetic pump is particularly preferred for conveying the cast melt.
- the solids are introduced into the casting melt via a dosing system during conveyance in the conveying line.
- the casting melt is mixed with the solids during transport or conveyance in the conveyor line in a mixing zone, preferably by means of energy input, with the mixing zone also being directly present when the solids are introduced in the area of the dosing system can be arranged.
- a preferred embodiment consists in that the energy input for thorough mixing takes place in at least one mixing zone by means of an ultrasonic sonotrode. This improves the binding of the solids to the cast melt by breaking up the agglomerations of the solids formed by the ultrasound using the supplied energy and the pulses, and as a result the individual solids can bind better to the cast melt and the wetting angle between the solid and the cast melt is reduced, and this in turn contributes to a better connection.
- the oxide layer which is on the casting melt and prevents the penetration of solids due to surface tension, is separated, whereby the solids can penetrate better into the casting melt.
- the solids are preferably in the form of fibers and/or particles, with fibers having an elongate shape and particles being more spherical or flake-shaped.
- the fibers or particles come from the group of carbon fibers, aluminum oxides, basalt, silicon carbide, aramid, metallic fibers, coated fibers and/or their derivatives. Experiments have shown that these fibers and flakes or particles have good temperature resistance and do not burn up in the high-temperature casting melt.
- a preferred embodiment consists in that the conveying line is temperature-controlled. Due to the possibility of different temperature control via the conveying line, the conditions of the cast melt can be influenced will. This means, for example, the conveying line can be cooled, as a result of which the cast melt is actively cooled and the state of the cast melt becomes semi-solid or is in the semi-solid range of a metal or a metal alloy. Of course, there is also the possibility of heating the conveying line in order to bring the casting melt into the liquid state or to keep it in this state.
- the cast melt is cooled during transport in the conveying line until the cast melt is in a semi-solid state.
- the semi-solid state allows the solids to be kneaded in, which in turn improves the bond between the solids and the alloy.
- the temperature is kept at a certain temperature level in order to have the same state of the cast melt over a certain range so that the solids can be introduced accordingly or the connection between solids and metal or metallic alloy is improved, e.g. by kneading or sonicate by ultrasound.
- the invention is characterized by a further embodiment in which the solids are kneaded into the cast melt in a semi-solid state in a mixing zone. Kneading is preferably implemented in a further mixing zone which is preferably also arranged on the conveying line.
- the device according to the invention for the production of metals or metallic alloys mixed with solids, preferably light metals or light metal alloys for the casting of cast parts, preferably die-cast parts, contains a melting device in which the metal or the metallic alloys are melted, preferably a furnace is used for this purpose.
- the device contains a conveying line for conveying or transporting the casting melt.
- the dosing system of the device according to the invention is used to feed the solids into the casting melt, with the dosing system being connected to the conveying line.
- the device according to the invention contains at least one mixer for homogeneous mixing of the cast melt, the mixer being arranged on the conveying line and the cast melt being mixed during transport or conveyance, the mixer being designed as an ultrasonic sonotrode.
- a pump for conveying the casting melt is arranged on the conveying line, preferably an electromagnetic pump. This ensures a continuous and controllable transport or promotion of the cast melt.
- a preferred embodiment has been shown to be when the conveying line has a bypass line, the bypass line enabling the cast melt to pass through the feeding and mixing zone several times. This enables a high degree of flexibility in the amount of solids supplied or to be supplied and in the mixing.
- the temperature of the bypass line can also be controlled.
- the dosing system preferably has an injector for introducing the solids into the casting melt. This ensures a continuous introduction of solids into the casting melt.
- the delivery line has a constriction in the area of the dosing system. This enables a lower pressure in the narrower area, whereby the solids present in the dosing system are pulled along by suction.
- the metal or the metallic alloy according to the invention is preferably used to produce cast parts, in particular die-cast parts, with the cast parts preferably being used as vehicle parts.
- the composition of the corresponding metal or a metallic alloy must be tailored to the application and the requirements and provided with the appropriate solids accordingly.
- the drawing shown shows a device 1 according to the invention for the production of metals or metallic alloys mixed with solids.
- the device 1 has a melting device 2, preferably a furnace for melting metals and metallic alloys.
- the casting melt obtained in this way is transported by means of a conveying line 3 to the casting molds 9 to be filled.
- a pump 11 is preferably used to convey the casting melt in the conveying line 3 , which ensures that a constant and preferably continuous flow of the casting melt flows through the conveying line 3 .
- a dosing system 4 which introduces the solids, preferably particles or fibers, into the casting melt.
- At least one mixer 5 is arranged on the conveying line 3 in order to mix the solids with the casting melt, it also being possible for several mixers 5 to be arranged at different points in the conveying line 3 .
- another mixing zone 6 with a corresponding mixer 5 can also be arranged on the conveyor line 3, which in turn mixes the casting melt, preferably when the casting melt is in a semi-solid state and is kneaded by means of mixer 5, which ensures good binding of the solids to the foundry melt granted.
- the conveying line 3 can be appropriately temperature-controlled, whether by heating or by cooling, this can be used accordingly on an individual basis.
- a bypass line 8 is arranged on the conveying line 3, which allows the cast melt to pass through the feeding and mixing zone 7 on the conveying line 3 multiple times and thus the cast melt with solids is provided until the casting melt has the desired composition and is sufficiently mixed and is then filled into the molds 9.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie die Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von mit Feststoffen versetzten Metallen oder metallischen Legierungen, vorzugsweise Leichtmetallen oder Leichtmetalllegierungen für das Vergiessen von Gussteilen vorzugsweise Druckgussteilen mit den Schritten:
Aufschmelzen eines Metalls oder einer metallischen Legierung mittels eines Schmelzgerätes, transportieren der Giessschmelze mittels Förderleitung zu den zu füllenden Giessformen, zuführen von Feststoffen der Giessschmelze während des Transports der Giessschmelze in der Förderleitung, wobei die Giessschmelze mit den zugeführten Feststoffen während des Transports in der Förderleitung in mindestens einer Mischzone vorzugsweise mittels Energieeintrag durchmischt wird.The invention relates to a method and the device for the production of metals or metal alloys mixed with solids, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, for the casting of cast parts, preferably die-cast parts, with the steps:
Melting of a metal or a metallic alloy by means of a melting device, transport of the cast melt by means of a conveying line to the casting molds to be filled, supply of solids to the cast melt during transport of the cast melt in the conveying line, the cast melt with the supplied solids during transport in the conveying line in at least one mixing zone is preferably mixed by means of energy input.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen durch Zugabe von Partikeln zur Verbesserung von physikalischen Eigenschaften wie mechanischer Festigkeit oder auch der Verbesserung der Dauerfestigkeit bekannt. Bekannt ist auch die Herausforderung beim Einbringen der Feststoffe durch den hohen Benetzungswinkel im speziellen bei der Leichtmetallschmelze.Methods for producing composite materials by adding particles to improve physical properties such as mechanical strength or to improve fatigue strength are known from the prior art. The challenge when introducing the solids due to the high wetting angle, especially in light metal melts, is also well known.
Das schlechte Benetzungsverhalten von Feststoffen aufgrund der hohen Benetzungswinkel, im speziellen bei nicht-metallischen Feststoffen, in der Schmelze, ist gleichbedeutend mit einer schlechten Matrixanbindung was ein Einbinden von Feststoffen in ein Metall oder eine metallische Legierung erschwert. Zudem ist ein solcher Prozess sehr aufwendig.The poor wetting behavior of solids due to the high wetting angle, especially in the case of non-metallic solids, in the melt is synonymous with poor matrix bonding, which makes it difficult to bind solids into a metal or a metallic alloy. In addition, such a process is very complex.
Die
Die
Die
Dies bringt aber den Nachteil mit sich, dass kein kontinuierlicher Prozess bis zur Formfüllung gegeben ist sondern vielmehr nur jeweils eine Ofencharge vergossen werden kann die dann auch jeweils eine unterschiedliches Verhältnis (Ratio) von Fasern zu Schmelze pro Charge aufweist. Zudem besteht die Möglichkeit einer Sedimentation da kaum eine Durchmischung während des Vergiessens der Giessschmelze stattfindet.However, this has the disadvantage that there is no continuous process until the mold is filled, but rather only one furnace batch can be cast at a time, which then also has a different ratio of fibers to melt per batch. In addition, there is the possibility of sedimentation, since there is hardly any mixing during the pouring of the casting melt.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine damit verbundene Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, die es ermöglicht Feststoffe in ein Metall oder eine metallische Legierung einzubinden mit der Erreichung einer guten Benetzung der Feststoffe sowie einer homogenen Durchmischung ohne Clusterbildung sowie die Sicherstellung eines kontinuierlichen Herstellprozesses.It is the object of the invention to propose a method and a device connected therewith, which makes it possible to bind solids into a metal or a metallic alloy with the achievement of good wetting of the solids and homogeneous mixing without cluster formation, as well as ensuring a continuous production process.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Durchmischung in der Mischzone mittels Ultraschall-Sonotrode erfolgt und die Giessschmelze und Feststoffe mittels Ultraschall angeregt werdenAccording to the invention, this object is achieved in that the thorough mixing in the mixing zone takes place by means of an ultrasonic sonotrode and the cast melt and solids are excited by means of ultrasound
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren bezieht sich auf ein Herstellverfahren von mit Feststoffen versetzten Metallen oder metallischen Legierungen, vorzugsweise Leichtmetallen oder Leichtmetalllegierungen für das Vergiessen von Gussteilen vorzugsweise Druckgussteilen.The method according to the invention relates to a manufacturing method of metals or metal alloys mixed with solids, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, for the casting of cast parts, preferably die-cast parts.
Zuerst wird das Metall bzw. die Metalllegierung aufgeschmolzen bis das Metall bzw. die Metalllegierung in den flüssigen Zustand übergeht und als Giessschmelze vorliegt.First, the metal or the metal alloy is melted until the metal or the metal alloy changes to the liquid state and is present as a cast melt.
Die Giessschmelze wird mittels einer Förderleitung zu den zu füllenden Giessformen transportiert, wobei dies vorzugsweise über ein Gefälle der Förderleitung und/oder mittels einer Pumpe erfolgen kann. Speziell bevorzugt zur Förderung der Giessschmelze ist eine elektromagnetische Pumpe.The casting melt is transported to the casting molds to be filled by means of a conveying line, this preferably being able to take place via a gradient in the conveying line and/or by means of a pump. An electromagnetic pump is particularly preferred for conveying the cast melt.
Zur Zuführung von Feststoffen in die Giessschmelze werden während der Förderung in der Förderleitung über eine Dosieranlage die Feststoffe in die Giessschmelze eingebracht. Um eine homogene Durchmischung sowie eine optimale Benetzung der Feststoffe sicherzustellen, wird die Giessschmelze mit den Feststoffen während des Transports bzw. der Förderung in der Förderleitung in einer Mischzone durchmischt, vorzugsweise mittels Energieeintrags, wobei die Mischzone auch direkt beim Einbringen der Feststoffe im Bereich der Dosieranlage angeordnet sein kann.To feed solids into the casting melt, the solids are introduced into the casting melt via a dosing system during conveyance in the conveying line. In order to ensure homogeneous mixing and optimal wetting of the solids, the casting melt is mixed with the solids during transport or conveyance in the conveyor line in a mixing zone, preferably by means of energy input, with the mixing zone also being directly present when the solids are introduced in the area of the dosing system can be arranged.
Es ist vorteilhaft wenn die Durchmischung während und/oder nach dem Zuführen der Feststoffe erfolgt. Durch eine optimale Durchmischung wird die Clusterbildung der Feststoffe unterbunden sowie die Anbindung und die Benetzungsverhalten der Feststoffe an die Giessschmelze verbessert.It is advantageous if the mixing takes place during and/or after the feeding in of the solids. Optimum mixing prevents the formation of clusters of solids and improves the binding and wetting behavior of the solids to the casting melt.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass der Energieeintrag zur Durchmischung in mindestens einer Mischzone mittels Ultraschall-Sonotrode erfolgt. Dies verbessert das Anbinden der Feststoffe an die Giessschmelze indem gebildete Agglomerationen der Feststoffe durch den Ultraschall mittels der zugeführten Energie und den Impulsen aufgetrennt werden und sich dadurch die einzelnen Feststoffe an die Giessschmelze besser anbinden können sowie der Benetzungswinkel zwischen Feststoff und Giessschmelze reduziert wird und dies wiederum zur besseren Verbindung beiträgt.A preferred embodiment consists in that the energy input for thorough mixing takes place in at least one mixing zone by means of an ultrasonic sonotrode. This improves the binding of the solids to the cast melt by breaking up the agglomerations of the solids formed by the ultrasound using the supplied energy and the pulses, and as a result the individual solids can bind better to the cast melt and the wetting angle between the solid and the cast melt is reduced, and this in turn contributes to a better connection.
Als weiterer Vorteil durch die Energieeintragung, vorzugsweise mittels Ultraschall, wird die Oxydschicht, welche sich auf der Giessschmelze befindet und das Eindringen der Feststoffe aufgrund der Oberflächenspannung verhindert, aufgetrennt, wodurch die Feststoffe besser in die Giessschmelze eindringen können.As a further advantage of the energy input, preferably by means of ultrasound, the oxide layer, which is on the casting melt and prevents the penetration of solids due to surface tension, is separated, whereby the solids can penetrate better into the casting melt.
Als vorteilhaft hat sich erwiesen, wenn die Zuführung der Giessschmelze in der Förderleitung kontinuierlich erfolgt. Dadurch kann ein kontinuierlicher und fortlaufender Prozess gewährleistet werden sowie eine hohe Effizienz.It has proven to be advantageous if the casting melt is fed continuously into the feed line. This ensures a continuous and ongoing process as well as high efficiency.
Vorzugsweise sind die Feststoffe als Fasern und/oder Partikel ausgebildet, wobei Fasern eine längliche Formgestaltung aufweisen und Partikel eher kugel- oder flockenförmig ausgebildet sind.The solids are preferably in the form of fibers and/or particles, with fibers having an elongate shape and particles being more spherical or flake-shaped.
Vorteilhaft ist es wenn die Fasern oder Partikel aus der Gruppe Kohlefasern, Aluminiomoxide, Basalt, Siliziumkarbid, Aramid, metallische Fasern, beschichtete Fasern und/oder deren Derivate stammen. Aus Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, dass diese Fasern und Flocken bzw. Partikel eine gute Temperaturbeständigkeit aufweisen und nicht in der hochtemperierten Giessschmelze verglühen.It is advantageous if the fibers or particles come from the group of carbon fibers, aluminum oxides, basalt, silicon carbide, aramid, metallic fibers, coated fibers and/or their derivatives. Experiments have shown that these fibers and flakes or particles have good temperature resistance and do not burn up in the high-temperature casting melt.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass die Förderleitung temperiert wird. Durch die Möglichkeit einer unterschiedlichen Temperierung über die Förderleitung, kann Einfluss auf die Zustände der Giessschmelze genommen werden. Das heisst, beispielsweise kann die Förderleitung gekühlt werden, wodurch die Giessschmelze aktiv abgekühlt wird und der Zustand der Giessschmelze wird semi-solid bzw. liegt im semi-soliden Bereich eines Metalls oder einer Metalllegierung. Selbstverständlich besteht auch die Möglichkeit die Förderleitung zu erwärmen um die Giessschmelze in den flüssigen Zustand zu bringen oder in diesem zu halten.A preferred embodiment consists in that the conveying line is temperature-controlled. Due to the possibility of different temperature control via the conveying line, the conditions of the cast melt can be influenced will. This means, for example, the conveying line can be cooled, as a result of which the cast melt is actively cooled and the state of the cast melt becomes semi-solid or is in the semi-solid range of a metal or a metal alloy. Of course, there is also the possibility of heating the conveying line in order to bring the casting melt into the liquid state or to keep it in this state.
Vorteilhaft ist es wenn die Giessschmelze während des Transports in der Förderleitung gekühlt wird bis die Giessschmelze einen semi-soliden Zustand aufweist. Durch den semi-soliden Zustand wird ermöglicht, dass die Feststoffe eingeknetet werden können, was wiederum eine Verbesserung der Verbindung zwischen den Feststoffen und der Legierung herstellt. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Temperatur auf einem gewissen Temperaturniveau gehalten wird um über einen bestimmten Bereich denselben Zustand der Giessschmelze zu haben damit entsprechend die Feststoffe eingebracht werden können bzw. die Verbindung zwischen Feststoffen und Metall bzw. metallischer Legierung verbessert wird, bspw. mittels einkneten oder beschallen durch Ultraschall.It is advantageous if the cast melt is cooled during transport in the conveying line until the cast melt is in a semi-solid state. The semi-solid state allows the solids to be kneaded in, which in turn improves the bond between the solids and the alloy. It is advantageous if the temperature is kept at a certain temperature level in order to have the same state of the cast melt over a certain range so that the solids can be introduced accordingly or the connection between solids and metal or metallic alloy is improved, e.g. by kneading or sonicate by ultrasound.
Die Erfindung zeichnet sich durch eine weitere Ausgestaltung aus in der die Feststoffe in der Giessschmelze im semi-soliden Zustand in einer Mischzone eingeknetet werden. Ein Einkneten wird vorzugsweise in einer weiteren Mischzone umgesetzt die vorzugsweise ebenfalls an der Förderleitung angeordnet ist.The invention is characterized by a further embodiment in which the solids are kneaded into the cast melt in a semi-solid state in a mixing zone. Kneading is preferably implemented in a further mixing zone which is preferably also arranged on the conveying line.
Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von mit Feststoffen versetzten Metallen oder metallischen Legierungen, vorzugsweise Leichtmetallen oder Leichtmetalllegierungen für das Vergiessen von Gussteilen, vorzugsweise Druckgussteilen, beinhaltet ein Schmelzgerät indem das Metall bzw. die metallischen Legierungen aufgeschmolzen werden, vorzugsweise wird dazu ein Ofen eingesetzt. Zur Förderung bzw. zum Transport der Giessschmelze beinhaltet die Vorrichtung eine Förderleitung. Die Dosieranlage der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung dient der Zuführung der Feststoffe in die Giessschmelze, wobei die Dosieranlage mit der Förderleitung verbunden ist. Mindestens einen Mischer zur homogenen Durchmischung der Giessschmelze beinhaltet die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung, wobei der Mischer an der Förderleitung angeordnet ist und die Durchmischung der Giessschmelze während des Transports bzw. der Förderung erfolgt, wobei der Mischer als Ultraschall-Sonotrode ausgebildet ist. Durch die Durchmischung der Feststoffe in der vorzugsweise flüssigen Giessschmelze mittels Ultraschall wird die Anbindung, wie oben erwähnt aus unterschiedlichen Gründen, zwischen Giessschmelze und Feststoff verbessert.The device according to the invention for the production of metals or metallic alloys mixed with solids, preferably light metals or light metal alloys for the casting of cast parts, preferably die-cast parts, contains a melting device in which the metal or the metallic alloys are melted, preferably a furnace is used for this purpose. The device contains a conveying line for conveying or transporting the casting melt. The dosing system of the device according to the invention is used to feed the solids into the casting melt, with the dosing system being connected to the conveying line. The device according to the invention contains at least one mixer for homogeneous mixing of the cast melt, the mixer being arranged on the conveying line and the cast melt being mixed during transport or conveyance, the mixer being designed as an ultrasonic sonotrode. By mixing the Solids in the preferably liquid casting melt Using ultrasound, the connection between the casting melt and the solid is improved, as mentioned above for various reasons.
Es hat sich als Vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn an der Förderleitung eine Pumpe zur Förderung der Giessschmelze angeordnet ist, vorzugsweise eine elektromagnetische Pumpe. Dies gewährleistet einen kontinuierlichen und steuerbaren Transport bzw. Förderung der Giessschmelze.It has proven to be advantageous if a pump for conveying the casting melt is arranged on the conveying line, preferably an electromagnetic pump. This ensures a continuous and controllable transport or promotion of the cast melt.
Als bevorzugte Ausführungsform hat sich gezeigt, wenn die Förderleitung eine Bypass-Leitung aufweist, wobei die Bypass-Leitung mehrere Durchläufe der Giessschmelze durch die Einbring- und Mischzone ermöglicht. Dies ermöglicht eine hohe Flexibilität der Menge an zugeführten bzw. zuzuführenden Feststoffen sowie der Durchmischung. Vorzugsweise ist auch die Bypass-Leitung temperierbar.A preferred embodiment has been shown to be when the conveying line has a bypass line, the bypass line enabling the cast melt to pass through the feeding and mixing zone several times. This enables a high degree of flexibility in the amount of solids supplied or to be supplied and in the mixing. Preferably, the temperature of the bypass line can also be controlled.
Vorzugsweise weist die Dosieranlage einen Injektor zum Einbringen der Feststoffe in die Giessschmelze auf. Dies gewährleistet eine kontinuierliche Feststoffeinbringung in die Giessschmelze.The dosing system preferably has an injector for introducing the solids into the casting melt. This ensures a continuous introduction of solids into the casting melt.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Förderleitung im Bereich der Dosieranlage eine Rohrverengung aufweist. Dies ermöglicht einen tieferen Druck im engeren Bereich wodurch die Feststoffe, welche in der Dosieranlage vorhanden sind, durch einen Sog mitgezogen werden.It is advantageous if the delivery line has a constriction in the area of the dosing system. This enables a lower pressure in the narrower area, whereby the solids present in the dosing system are pulled along by suction.
Das erfindungsgemässe Metall oder die metallische Legierung wird vorzugsweise zur Herstellung für Gussteile insbesondere Druckgussteile verwendet, wobei vorzugsweise die Gussteile als Fahrzeugteile eingesetzt werden. Selbstverständlich sind auch andere Anwendungsgebiete denkbar. Die Zusammensetzung des entsprechenden Metalls oder einer metallischen Legierung ist auf die Anwendung und die Anforderungen abzustimmen und entsprechend mit den dazu geeigneten Feststoffen zu versehen.The metal or the metallic alloy according to the invention is preferably used to produce cast parts, in particular die-cast parts, with the cast parts preferably being used as vehicle parts. Of course, other areas of application are also conceivable. The composition of the corresponding metal or a metallic alloy must be tailored to the application and the requirements and provided with the appropriate solids accordingly.
Alle Ausgestaltungmöglichkeiten sind untereinander frei kombinierbar sowie die Merkmale des Verfahrens wie auch der Vorrichtung und der Verwendungsangaben frei untereinander kombinierbar sind.All possible configurations can be freely combined with one another, and the features of the method as well as the device and the details of use can be freely combined with one another.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Figuren beschrieben, wobei sich die Erfindung nicht nur auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Es zeigen:
Die in
Vorzugsweise wird zur Förderung der Giessschmelze in der Förderleitung 3 eine Pumpe 11 eingesetzt, die gewährleistet, dass ein konstanter und vorzugsweise kontinuierlicher Strom der Giessschmelze die Förderleitung 3 durchströmt. An der Förderleitung 3 angeordnet bzw. mit ihr verbunden ist eine Dosieranlage 4, die die Feststoffe, vorzugsweise Partikel oder Fasern in die Giessschmelze einbringt. Zur Durchmischung der Feststoffe mit der Giessschmelze ist mindestens ein Mischer 5 an der Förderleitung 3 angeordnet, wobei auch mehrere Mischer 5 an unterschiedlichen Stellen der Förderleitung 3 angeordnet sein können. Vorzugsweise befindet sich bereits im Bereich der Dosieranlage 4 ein Mischer 5 der vorzugsweise als Ultraschall-Sonotrode ausgebildet ist und die Durchmischung der Feststoff in der vorzugsweise noch flüssigen Giessschmelze gewährleistet. Alternativ kann auch eine weitere Mischzone 6 mit einem entsprechenden Mischer 5 an der Förderleitung 3 angeordnet sein, die die Giessschmelze wiederum durchmischt, vorzugsweise wenn die Giessschmelze in einem semi-soliden Zustand ist und mittels Mischer 5 durchgeknetet wird, was eine gute Anbindung der Feststoffe an die Giessschmelze gewährt. Zur Gewährleistung eines optimalen Zustands der Giessschmelze ist die Förderleitung 3 entsprechend temperierbar, sei es durch Erwärmen oder durch Kühlen, dies ist individuell entsprechend anwendbar. Als mögliche Ausführungsform ist eine Bypass-Leitung 8 an der Förderleitung 3 angeordnet, welche ein mehrfaches Durchlaufen der Giessschmelze durch die Einbring- und Mischzone 7 an der Förderleitung 3 ermöglicht und so die Giessschmelze entsprechend mit Feststoffen versehen wird bis die Giessschmelze die gewünschte Zusammensetzung aufweist und genügend durchmischt ist und anschliessend in die Giessformen 9 gefüllt wird.A
- 11
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 22
- Schmelzgerätmelter
- 33
- Förderleitungdelivery line
- 44
- Dosieranlagedosing system
- 55
- Mischermixer
- 66
- Mischzonemixing zone
- 77
- Einbring- und MischzoneFeeding and mixing zone
- 88th
- Bypass-Leitungbypass line
- 99
- Giessformenmolds
- 1010
- Einbringzonedelivery zone
- 1111
- Pumpepump
Claims (12)
- Process for producing metals or metallic alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, admixed with solids for the casting of cast parts, preferably diecast part, comprising the steps of:- melting a metal or metallic alloy using a melting apparatus (2),- transporting the casting melt to the casting dies (9) to be filled using a conveying conduit (3), characterized by- supplying solids to the casting melt during the transporting of the casting melt in the conveying conduit (3),wherein the casting melt is commixed with the supplied solids in at least one mixing zone (6) during the transporting in the conveying conduit (3) preferably by energy input, wherein the commixing in the mixing zone (6) is carried out using an ultrasound sonotrode and the casting melt and solids are stimulated using ultrasound.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the commixing is carried out during or after the supplying of the solids.
- Process according to either of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the supplying of the casting melt in the conveying conduit (3) is carried out continuously.
- Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solids are fibers and/or particles.
- Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that fibers are selected from the group of carbon fibers, aluminum oxides, basalt, silicon carbide, aramid, metallic fibers, coated fibers and/or derivatives thereof.
- Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying conduit (3) is temperature controlled.
- Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casting melt is cooled during the transporting in the conveying conduit (3), preferably until the casting melt is in a semi-solid state.
- Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solids in the casting melt are incorporated by kneading in a mixing zone (6) in the semi-solid state.
- Apparatus (1) for producing metals or metal alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, admixed with solids, for the casting of cast parts, preferably diecast parts, comprising a melting apparatus (2) in which the metal/the metallic alloy is melted, preferably a furnace, a conveying conduit (3), a metering apparatus (4) for supplying the solids into the casting melt, wherein the metering apparatus (4) is connected to the conveying conduit (3), and at least one mixer (5) for homogeneous commixing of the casting melt, characterized in that the mixer (5) is arranged on the conveying conduit (3) and the commixing of the casting melt is carried out during transport, wherein the mixer (5) is in the form of an ultrasound sonotrode.
- Apparatus (1) according to Claim 9, characterized in that a pump (11) for conveying the casting melt is arranged on the conveying conduit (3), preferably an electromagnetic pump.
- Apparatus (1) according to either of Claims 9 or 10, characterized in the conveying conduit comprises a bypass conduit (8), wherein the bypass conduit allows repeated passage of the casting melt through the incorporation and mixing zone (7).
- Apparatus according to any of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the metering apparatus (4) comprises an injector for introducing the solids into the casting melt.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18180430.3A EP3586999B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Metal with solids |
| US16/445,248 US20200001355A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2019-06-19 | Metal with solids |
| KR1020190074917A KR20200001987A (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2019-06-24 | Metal with solids |
| JP2019118179A JP7315382B2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2019-06-26 | metal with solids |
| CN201910573921.XA CN110653354A (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | With solid metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18180430.3A EP3586999B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Metal with solids |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3586999A1 EP3586999A1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
| EP3586999B1 true EP3586999B1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
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ID=62816388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18180430.3A Active EP3586999B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Metal with solids |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20200001355A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3586999B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP7315382B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20200001987A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110653354A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020005392A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-03 | Daimler Ag | Method for alloying metals in a process chamber and alloying device for carrying out such a method |
| DE102021121004B3 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2022-07-07 | Technische Universität Chemnitz, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts | Casting device and casting method for the production of metal matrix composite materials |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63252613A (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-19 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of metal based composite material |
| JPS6471566A (en) * | 1987-09-10 | 1989-03-16 | Toshiba Machine Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for pressure casting fiber reinforced metal |
| JPH0421731A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1992-01-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Manufacture of al or al alloy matrix composite and device therefore |
| JP3421535B2 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2003-06-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Manufacturing method of metal matrix composite material |
| JP4518676B2 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2010-08-04 | 裕 松田 | Method for producing magnesium alloy member |
| US6860314B1 (en) * | 2002-08-22 | 2005-03-01 | Nissei Plastic Industrial Co. Ltd. | Method for producing a composite metal product |
| JP2004136363A (en) * | 2002-08-22 | 2004-05-13 | Nissei Plastics Ind Co | Composite forming method for carbon nano material and low melting metallic material, and composite metallic product |
| US20040261970A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-12-30 | Cyco Systems Corporation Pty Ltd. | Method and apparatus for producing components from metal and/or metal matrix composite materials |
| US7509993B1 (en) | 2005-08-13 | 2009-03-31 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Semi-solid forming of metal-matrix nanocomposites |
| CN101070571B (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2011-04-20 | 日精树脂工业株式会社 | Method for manufacturing composite material for carbon nano material and metal material |
| JP4526550B2 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2010-08-18 | 学校法人千葉工業大学 | Method for producing composite of carbon nanomaterial and metal material |
| US8387504B2 (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2013-03-05 | General Electric Company | Fiber-reinforced Al-Li compressor airfoil and method of fabricating |
| KR101385310B1 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-04-21 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Manufacturing apparatus for composite metarial |
| JP6722089B2 (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2020-07-15 | 富士先端技術株式会社 | Method for producing aluminum-graphite-carbide composite |
-
2018
- 2018-06-28 EP EP18180430.3A patent/EP3586999B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-06-19 US US16/445,248 patent/US20200001355A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2019-06-26 JP JP2019118179A patent/JP7315382B2/en active Active
- 2019-06-28 CN CN201910573921.XA patent/CN110653354A/en active Pending
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| EP3586999A1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
| KR20200001987A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
| CN110653354A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
| US20200001355A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
| JP7315382B2 (en) | 2023-07-26 |
| JP2020001093A (en) | 2020-01-09 |
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