EP3580402B1 - Support of segmented structural design - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a carrier, a device with a carrier and a method for providing the carrier at a site of use.

Girders, such as those used as bridge girders for gantry cranes, are usually welded at their place of production and then, depending on their size, have to be transported to the place of use by heavy transport. The organization of such a transport is complex. The cost of such transport can be significant.

From the EP 0 104 915 a modular carrier is known, which consists of individual carrier sections. These beam sections are firmly connected to one another by clamping elements, each clamping element extending over the entire length of the beam and being under tension in such a way that it presses the individual beam segments together. Rods or ropes are mentioned as clamping elements. The document discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Next recommends the WO 2013/60049878 A1 the construction of a beam from segments that are braced against each other by means of tension cables.

While tie rods typically have a relatively high axial stiffness, tethers have a slightly higher elasticity. This requires a correspondingly high pre-tensioning of the tensioning cables, which is associated with a high compressive load the wearer goes along even in the unloaded state. On the other hand, tension cables that have to span the entire length of the segmented beam can be transported in a space-saving manner by being rolled up for transport purposes.

The object of the present invention is to specify an improved concept for a carrier:
This object is achieved with a carrier according to claim 1, a device with a carrier according to claim 7 according to the invention.

The carrier according to the invention can be, for example, a carrier for a crane, for example for a bridge crane, gantry crane or semi-gantry crane. The girder can be, for example, a bridge girder of a bridge crane that spans the working space of the bridge girder. Alternatively, the support can be, for example, a support for a bridge or for scaffolding. The carrier has a row of at least two segments arranged one behind the other. The row can have, for example, three or more segments arranged one behind the other. The segments are preferably arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal extension direction of the carrier. The segments in the row are braced against one another by means of a tensioning element extending in the carrier. The tension member is anchored at opposite ends of the row of segments to brace the segments of the row against one another.

The carrier can be disassembled into individual parts with little effort transport to the place of use because it is made up of individual segments. Heavy transport can be dispensed with. The individual parts of the carrier can be transported to hard-to-reach places such as hill stations or ski stations more easily than the assembled carrier itself.

The tension member extends through the segments of the row. The clamping element is preferably at least as long as two segments. Preferably, the tensioning element extends beyond the row of segments at at least one end of the row. Particularly preferably, the clamping element extends through the row of segments beyond the row of segments at both ends. The tension member is preferably anchored at its opposite ends to the extreme ends of the extreme segments of the row. The tension member is preferably anchored at its opposite ends outside of the row of segments extending along the row direction. For example, the tension member is anchored at its opposite ends outside of a series of segments of equal length.

The tensioning element can also be referred to as a tensioning element or as a tie rod. A tension rod is placed under pretension in the tensioning element.

The backing may have two or more rows of segments. Two rows can run side by side or on top of each other. Two rows can in particular run parallel to one another. A series of segments preferably extends from one end of the beam to the opposite end of the carrier. A clamping element for clamping the segments of the row against one another preferably extends from one end of the carrier to the opposite end of the carrier. Similarly, when the row extends from one end of the beam to the other end of the beam, the tie rod extends from one end of the beam to the opposite end of the beam. Alternatively, the carrier can have, for example, two or more rows arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the carrier.

At least one further clamping element will extend in the carrier for clamping the segments of the row against one another, i.e. the clamping element is made up of at least two clamping element segments. Through the series of segments, two or more tendons will extend from end to end. The clamping elements preferably run parallel to one another. The further tensioning element can, for example, extend along the tensioning element at vertically the same height through the row of segments. Tensile forces acting along the row due to a load on the carrier are absorbed by the clamping element or elements in the row.

The force for pressing the segments of the row against one another is preferably applied exclusively by the one or more clamping elements. Screw connections on the adjacent end faces of the adjacent segments, by means of which the adjacent segments would be pressed together in the longitudinal direction of the row, are not necessary and preferably not present.

Preferably there are no bonded joints, such as welded joints, between two adjacent segments of a row to connect the adjacent segments each other present, which would be loaded during the operational use of the carrier in a mounted device to train.

Between the row and the tensioning element, between the anchoring points at the opposite ends of the row, there are preferably no connection points between segments of the row and the tensioning element, via which forces in the direction of the row would be transmitted by a form fit, material connection and/or frictional connection of segments in the row to the tensioning element. The row of segments is preferably only connected at its ends to the clamping element or elements for the row in the longitudinal direction of the clamping elements in a force-introducing manner.

The carrier can be set up particularly easily, for example at the site of use of the device for which the carrier is intended. The segments of the row are preferably connected to one another only by clamping the segments against one another by means of one or more clamping elements which extend through the row of segments and are anchored at the ends of the row. As described, connections by means of screws between adjacent segments or welded connections between adjacent segments for connecting the adjacent segments, which would be subjected to tensile loads, can be dispensed with.

Adjacent segments of the row braced against one another at their end faces can touch one another directly with their end faces, or an element or a stack of elements, for example one or more elements stacked in the direction of the row, can be placed between the adjacent segments Sheets, be arranged. Elements arranged between two adjacent segments in the row are preferably clamped between the adjacent segments of the row due to the force which compresses the adjacent segments due to the prestressing of the tie rod. An element may be sandwiched between a pair of adjacent elements or more than one pair of adjacent segments. The pairs between which the element is pinched may belong to different rows of segments. Preferably, there is no additional connection other than the clamping connection of the element between one or more than one pair of adjacent segments of the same or different rows preventing the element from moving relative to the segments between which the element is clamped.

If a maximum carrying capacity is specified for the carrier, the segments are preferably prestressed against one another in such a way that even when the carrier is loaded, in particular transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the longitudinal axis of the carrier, with a load corresponding to the maximum carrying capacity, no gaps open between the segments. Consequently, there is no gaping between adjacent segments.

The segments preferably extend with their longest dimension along the length of the row. The respective dimension (length) of the segments along the longitudinal extension of the row is correspondingly preferably greater than the respective width and/or the respective height of the segments (transverse to the longitudinal extension). The length of the segments is preferably a maximum of 1.2 meters. This allows the segments to be transported on Europool pallets.

The row is preferably made up of segments of equal length. When the series extends from one end of the beam to the opposite end of the beam, the segments of the series are preferably of equal length, with a maximum of one or two or three segments for length adjustment of the beam. If there are one or two or three segments of different length, the segment of different length can be arranged for example at one end of the row or the two segments of different length can be arranged for example at one end each.

If the carriers according to the invention are essentially made up of segments of the same length, the production costs for the carrier and the costs for maintaining the segments of the carrier can be particularly low.

The segments are preferably made of steel, such as mild steel, or aluminum.

The segments preferably each have a base, a cover and two side walls which preferably extend in the direction of the row and are arranged between base and cover, with the cover, base and side walls enclosing a space through which the clamping element or elements of the row can extend. Segments of the row can, for example, be constructed from box sections, for example square or rectangular tubes. Otherwise, segments can be made, for example, from a U-profile that extends along the carrier, with the space partially enclosed by the U-profile being closed off at the top or bottom by a flat profile. Lids and / or floors can with the side walls, for example be connected by welded or screwed connections.

The tensioning element can be anchored at the ends of the row, for example in a form-fitting and/or friction-locking manner, in order to transmit the force due to the pre-tensioning to the row. An anchor element of the clamping element for one end of the row is preferably fastened to the clamping element, with which the clamping element can transmit the force due to the prestressing to the row of segments in order to press the segments of the row together. An anchor element for each end of the row is preferably arranged on the tensioning element. By means of the anchor elements at one end or at both ends of the row of segments, the force can be transmitted to the row, for example via one or one positive connection. The anchoring element at one end can be supported on an end portion of the outer segment of the row at the end due to the prestressing of the tensioning element. Alternatively, the clamping element can be supported, for example, on an element or a stack of elements that are clamped between the end section and the anchor element. The clamping element can be supported with at least one anchor element within the outer segment. However, the tensioning element is preferably anchored outside of the outer segment. The tensioning element is preferably supported outside the row of segments. The row of segments is preferably arranged correspondingly between the support points. For example, the anchor element can be supported on the end face of the outer segment or the anchor element can be supported on an element clamped between the anchor element and the end face or on a clamped stack of elements. The anchor element for the opposite end of the row can be supported accordingly as described above. Particularly preferably, the anchor elements arranged at the two ends are each supported on an element or a stack of elements, which are each clamped between the respective end faces and the anchor elements.

The tensioning element is made up of at least two tensioning element segments which are fastened to one another between the ends of the tensioning element. The clamping element segments extend along the longitudinal direction of the clamping element. The length of the clamping element segments is preferably at least ten times greater than their extent, for example diameter, transversely thereto. The clamping element is particularly preferably constructed from clamping element segments of the same length, with the exception of at most one or two clamping element segments. If present, the clamping element segment(s) of a different length can be used for length compensation. Alternatively, the clamping element segments of the clamping element are of the same length. In this way, the same clamping element segments can be used for carriers of different lengths, which makes the production and availability of the clamping element segments inexpensive. To connect two clamping element segments, a connecting piece separate from one and/or the other clamping element segment can be arranged between the clamping element segments, with the connecting piece being able to carry threads at its ends, for example, which interact with corresponding threads on the clamping element segments in order to connect the clamping element segments to one another.

The girder can be a box girder. According to the invention, however, the girder is a truss girder. Truss girders can enter low dead weight and low susceptibility to wind loads. Due to the segmented construction of the girder according to the invention and the attachment of the segments of the row to one another by means of one or more clamping elements, the truss girder can be assembled with relatively little effort.

According to the invention, the truss girder has at least one row of segments which are braced against one another with a tensioning element. There is preferably at least one such row of segments in the lower chord of the truss girder and/or at least one such row of segments in the upper chord of the truss girder. For example, two parallel rows of segments are arranged next to one another in the lower flange and/or two parallel rows of segments are arranged in the upper flange. In the lower chord and/or in the upper chord, for example, two tensioning elements per row of segments can extend through the row.

Sections of truss elements (struts) running obliquely to the horizontal and vertical and sections of truss elements (posts) running vertically are arranged between the upper chord, which is divided into segments, and the lower chord, which is divided into segments, of the truss girder.

However, the truss preferably manages without sections of truss elements extending vertically from the lower chord to the upper chord. In one embodiment, however, vertically extending truss elements, eg metal sheets, can be arranged in a length adjustment section of the carrier to adjust the length of the carrier. Outside of the longitudinal adjustment section, however, there are preferably no vertical framework elements, for example vertically arranged metal sheets. The striving and if present, preferably also the posts, are preferably sheet metal parts. The struts and/or posts have end sections which preferably extend in the vertical direction.

The end portions of truss members located at the ends of the row will each be held between the outer segment of the row at the end at which the respective truss member is located and a member braced against the outer segment. Preferably, the end portions of the outer truss members are each clamped between the outer segment and the outer part by clamping the row of segments by means of the clamping member. End sections of truss elements arranged between the outer truss elements are alternatively or additionally preferably held between adjacent segments. End sections of truss elements arranged between the outer truss elements are particularly preferably clamped in each case by the bracing of the row of segments by means of the tensioning element between adjacent segments. End sections of rods arranged between the outer rods are particularly preferably held exclusively by the clamping between the segments. Accordingly, a force is preferably applied by the clamping on the end section, so that the end sections are prevented from moving transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the adjacent segments by the clamping, even if the device in which the carrier is used is loaded with its design maximum load.

In the case of the device according to the invention with at least one carrier according to the invention, it can be, for example be a crane, in particular a bridge crane, a gantry crane or a semi-gantry crane. Alternatively, the carrier can be used, for example, as a carrier for a scaffolding or a bridge. The device may be a gantry for mounting traffic signs or direction signage over a roadway of a road or highway. The segments can be so short, for example, that at least two or at least three segments of the row of the carrier according to the invention must be arranged one behind the other, so that the segments arranged one behind the other together span a roadway of the road or motorway. The carrier used in the device preferably extends horizontally. The carrier preferably extends in the longitudinal direction of the device (longitudinal carrier). Alternatively, the carrier according to the invention can be arranged vertically, for example. The device according to the invention with at least one carrier according to the invention can be, for example, a storage and retrieval device or a tower crane, each of which can have a mast with at least one vertically arranged carrier according to the invention.

In order to arrange the carrier in the device, the device can have at least one connection element, for example. The connection element can extend transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the longitudinal extent of the row of segments and be arranged at one end of the carrier. In a preferred embodiment, there may be two connectors, preferably located at opposite ends of the beam, with at least one row of segments preferably extending from one connector to the other connector. In the case of a transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the longitudinal extension the connecting element extending in the row of segments can, for example, be a head carrier. Such head girders are arranged, for example, at the ends of a bridge girder of a bridge crane. The tensioning element is preferably anchored and prestressed at at least one end of the row of segments to a portion of the connection element arranged at the end in order to tension the segments of the row against one another and against the connection element by means of the tensioning element. For example, if the device has a head support arranged at one end of the support, the tightening element may be anchored in the head support, for example, in order to fix the head support to the support by bracing the head support against the segments of the row by means of the tightening element. If the connection element or elements is/are pressed against one or against one end of the row of segments by means of the clamping element, the connection element or elements is/are fastened to the carrier in a simple manner. One or more further elements or no further element can be clamped between the connecting element and the adjacent outer segment of the row clamped against the connecting element by means of the clamping element. For example, an end portion of a truss member may be pinched between the attachment member and the outer segment when the girder is a truss girder. Alternatively or in addition to fastening by bracing the carrier against the connecting element with the clamping element, the carrier can be fastened to the connecting element at the respective end, for example at one end of the carrier or at both ends of the carrier by means of a screw connection. Regardless of the type of attachment of the carrier to the connection element, a truss carrier according to the invention can, for example, at the ends of the lower chord and/or the upper chord must be attached to the connection elements.

The organization and the costs for a heavy or special transport are eliminated if the carrier is made available at the site by the segments being provided individually at the site and the segments are only arranged in a row at the site and braced against each other.

To provide the carrier, the segments are arranged in one or more rows. This is done with the help of positioning aids that pre-fix adjacent segments in a desired position transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the direction of longitudinal extension of the row of segments and possibly additionally in the direction of longitudinal extension of the row. However, the positioning aids are preferably not suitable for ensuring the connection of two adjacent elements when the carrier is loaded with a load corresponding to the maximum carrying capacity of the carrier or when the device containing the carrier is loaded with a load for which the device is maximally designed. The positioning aids can only serve to position and arrange the segments in the row. The segments of the row are then braced against one another by pretensioning the tensioning element(s) for the row. For this purpose, with the aid of the tensioning element, forces are exerted on the row of segments from the ends of the row in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the tensioning element, in order to press the segments against one another. The pretensioning of the tensioning element(s) in the row is preferably so high that even when the carrier is loaded with the maximum load, for which the carrier is designed, no loading of a connection of a positioning aid with a segment of the row occurs in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the tensioning element or elements.

The prestressing of the clamping element(s) in a row is preferably chosen so high that the segments of the row - even when the carrier is loaded with the maximum load for which the carrier is designed - are prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction of the row and transversely, for example perpendicularly, relative to the adjacent segment of the row exclusively by clamping the segments by means of one or more clamping elements against at least one adjacent segment. There are preferably no further connecting means between two adjacent segments. There are preferably no screw connections at adjacent ends of two adjacent segments for connecting the adjacent segments. Correspondingly, as an alternative or in addition, there are preferably no welded joints between two adjacent segments that are subjected to tensile loads in the direction of longitudinal extent of the tensioning element for connecting the adjacent segments.

If the segments of a row are pressed against one another to produce a frictional connection by means of the clamping element, this may not be sufficient with a low coefficient of friction to prevent movement of the adjacent segments relative to one another, transversely - for example perpendicularly - to the longitudinal extent of the adjacent segments, in particular in the vertical direction. Therefore, in one embodiment, at adjacent ends of adjacent segments, a form-fitting element, For example, be made of steel, in particular construction steel, or aluminum, wherein the arrangement is set up to create a positive connection between the adjacent segments, which prevents movement of the adjacent segments relative to each other, transverse, for example perpendicular, to the longitudinal direction of the segments. The form-fitting element can, for example, be inserted into the adjacent segments at the adjacent ends of the adjacent segments, or the adjacent ends of the segments are, for example, inserted into the form-fitting element.

In an exemplary embodiment, the positioning aids initially serve to facilitate the assembly of the carrier and in the assembled carrier as form-fitting elements to prevent adjacent segments from slipping relative to one another despite bracing by means of the clamping element or elements.

• Figur 1 - eine Längsschnittdarstellung durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Trägers in Fachwerkbauweise,
• Figur 2 - eine Darstellung eines Querschnitts durch das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1,
• Figur 3 - ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kranbrücke eines Brückenkrans mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Träger in Fachwerkbauweise als Brückenträger,
• Figur 4 - eine stark schematisierte perspektivische Darstellung eines Brückenkrans mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Träger,
• Figur 5 - eine Längsschnittdarstellung durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Trägers mit einer Möglichkeit zur Längenanpassung,
• Figur 6 - eine Längsschnittdarstellung durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Trägers mit einer weiteren Möglichkeit zur Längenanpassung,
• Figur 7 - ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Trägers in einer Längsschnittdarstellung,
• Figur 8 - ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Formschlusselements in einer Längsschnittdarstellung.

Further advantageous embodiments of the carrier according to the invention, the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and the figures of the drawing and the following description:
They show schematically:

• figure 1 - A longitudinal sectional view through an embodiment of a carrier according to the invention in half-timbered construction,
• figure 2 - A representation of a cross section through the embodiment according to figure 1 ,
• figure 3 - An embodiment of a crane bridge of a bridge crane with a girder according to the invention in truss construction as a bridge girder,
• figure 4 - A highly schematic perspective view of a bridge crane with a carrier according to the invention,
• figure 5 - A longitudinal sectional view through a further embodiment of a carrier according to the invention with a possibility for length adjustment,
• figure 6 - A longitudinal sectional view through an embodiment of a carrier according to the invention with a further possibility for length adjustment,
• figure 7 - Another embodiment of a carrier according to the invention in a longitudinal sectional view,
• figure 8 - An embodiment of a form-fitting element in a longitudinal sectional view.

figure 1 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the carrier 10 according to FIG figure 1 along section line AA (view in the direction of arrow P in figure 1 ). The carrier 10 according to the invention can be used as in figure 1 and figure 2 shown be a truss 10, wherein the carrier 10, according to the embodiment figure 1 and 2 , Preferably a lower chord 11 and / or an upper chord 12 in a segmented construction with a arranged in a row 13, by means of at least of a clamping element 14 has segments 15 braced against one another in the row 13 . The carrier 10 in framework construction can have, for example, a horizontal upper chord 12 and a horizontal lower chord 11 . According to the external shape of the in figure 1 and figure 2 Truss girder 10 shown is a trapezoidal girder. However, the carrier 10 according to the invention can alternatively have a different framework shape. As an alternative to the lattice construction, the girder 10 can be designed, for example, as a box girder (not shown) with a series of box-shaped segments, the upper sides of which can form the upper chord of the girder and the undersides of which can form the lower chord of the girder.

the inside figure 1 and figure 2 The illustrated truss girder 10 according to the invention has a lower chord 11 and an upper chord 12, each of which has a row 13 of segments 15. Alternatively, more than one row 13 can run next to each other in the lower flange 11 and/or in the upper flange 12, in which case two rows 13 in the lower flange 11 and/or two rows 13 in the upper flange 12 are particularly preferred. A further row 13 in the lower flange 11 and/or in the upper flange 12 preferably extends along the at least one other row 13 of the same flange 11, 12 and particularly preferably at the same vertical height. The row 13 or rows 13 of the bottom chord 11 preferably and as illustrated extends from one end 16a of the bottom chord 11 to the longitudinally opposite end 16b of the bottom chord. The row 13 or rows 13 of the upper chord 12 preferably extends from one end 17a of the upper chord 12 to the longitudinally opposite end 17b of the upper chord 12.

The carrier 10 shown has truss elements 18 with truss element sections 19 running obliquely to the horizontal H and to the vertical V between the lower chord 11 and the upper chord 12, which can also be referred to as struts. The truss girder 10 shown does not require vertical rods, which can also be referred to as posts. Alternatively, the truss 10 can also have posts. The framework elements 18 have end sections 20 which extend in the vertical direction V, for example.

The row 13 of segments 15 in the bottom chord 11 extending from one end 21a of the carrier 10 to the opposite end 21b of the carrier 10 has three segments 15 arranged one behind the other in the exemplary embodiment shown. A stack 22 with two end sections 20 of the framework elements 18 arranged one behind the other along the row 13 is clamped between two adjacent segments 15 in that the adjacent segments 15 are pressed against one another.

In the upper flange 12 of the exemplary embodiment shown, the row 13 has two segments 15 arranged one behind the other, with a stack 22 with two end sections 20 of the framework elements 18 arranged one behind the other along the row 13 being clamped between the adjacent segments 15 by the adjacent segments 15 being pressed against one another.

At the ends 16a, 16b of the lower chord 11 a terminating element 23 is arranged in each case. At each end 16a, 16b, an end section 20 of the outer web element 18 is clamped between the closing element 23 and the end face 24 of the outer segment 15 of the row 13 of the lower flange 11, by the closing element 23 being pressed against the face 24 of the outer segment.

At the ends 17a, 17b of the upper chord 12 a terminating element 23 is also arranged in each case. At each end 17a, 17b, an end portion 20 of the outer web element is clamped between the end element 23 and the end face 24 of the outer segment 15 of the row 13 of the upper chord 12 at the end in which the end element 23 is pressed against the end face 24 of the outer segment 24.

According to the invention, the clamping force for clamping the end sections is applied by pressing the end elements 23 and the segments 15 of the row 13 together by means of at least one prestressed clamping element 14 . In the illustrated embodiment according to figure 1 and figure 2 two clamping elements 14 extend parallel to one another through the row of segments 15 in the lower chord 11 and in the upper chord 12. In the representation of FIG figure 1 one clamping element 14 is covered by the other, since the clamping elements 14 of a row run at the same vertical height. The parallel clamping elements 14 are shown in FIG figure 2 to see a cross section through the embodiment. Instead of two clamping elements 14 for compressing the segments 15 of a row 13, only one clamping element 14 or more than two clamping elements 14 can alternatively be present for at least one row 13, which extend through the segments 15 of the row 13 and compress the segments 15 of the row 13.

The following explanation of a clamping element 14 applies to all clamping elements 14 arranged in the carrier 10 for the rows 13, unless otherwise stated:
In the illustrated embodiment according to figure 1 and 2 the clamping element 14 extends through the segments 15 beyond the ends 25a, 25b of the row 13 segments 15 also. The tensioning element 14 can comprise, for example, a pretensioned rod, a cable, a band, a wire or a cord. In the illustrated embodiment, a rod 26 made of prestressing steel is placed under tension. Tension member 14 has opposed anchor members 27a, 27b located outside of row 13 of segments 15 and attached to rod 26 under tension. The clamping element 14 is correspondingly anchored at opposite ends 25a, 25b of the row 13 in the row direction R outside the row 13 of segments 15 extending along the row direction R. In the exemplary embodiment, the anchoring rod 26 has a head 27a at one end of the rod 26 and at the opposite end of the rod 26 an external thread with which a nut 27b engages. Alternatively, external threads can be arranged, for example, at both ends of the clamping element 14, with which nuts 27b are engaged at both ends.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the prestressed tensioning element 14 is supported with the anchor elements 27a, 27b on the oppositely arranged terminating elements 23 of the belt 11, 12 in a form-fitting manner in opposite directions in order to compress the terminating elements 23 arranged between the anchor elements 27a, 27b, the segments 15 of the row 13 arranged between them and the end sections 20 as a result of the prestressing in the rod 26. At each end 25a, 25b of the row 13, the closing element 23 is in turn supported on a stack of elements, in the exemplary embodiment shown on a stack of end sections 20. which is supported on the end face 24 of the outer segment 15 at the end 25a, 25b. As a result, adjacent segments 15 are pressed against one another and the end sections 20 of the framework elements 18 are clamped between adjacent segments 15 or between an end element 23 and an adjacent segment 15 .

The long clamping element 15 has a relatively soft force-displacement characteristic. As a result, the connection of the segments 15 of the row 13 to one another by means of the clamping element or elements 14 of the row 13 is durable even under dynamic loads. This gives the carrier durability even under dynamic loads. This also applies to connections made between the carrier 10 and connection elements of a device according to the invention by means of the clamping element or elements 14, as in the context of the description of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Figures 3 and 4 is explained. In addition, the prestressed tensioning element 14 also gives the connections fatigue strength in the event of large temperature changes.

The clamping element 14 is between the two force application points at the ends 25a, 25b of the row 13, in the exemplary embodiment between the support points of the two anchor elements 27a, 27b, not connected to the row 13 segments 15 along the prestressing force. The tensioning element 14 is supported between the two support points of the anchor elements 27a, 27b, in particular not at further support points, in order to transmit tensile forces in the prestressing direction along the longitudinal extension of the tensioning element 14.

The pressing of two adjacent segments 15 in a row 13 against each other is preferably carried out exclusively by means of the clamping element or elements 14 of the row 13 in the row 13 compressive force introduced. A screw connection device on the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of the adjacent segments 15 for pressing together the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of the segments 15 against one another, in particular the end faces 24 of the segments 15 against one another—with or without elements arranged between the end faces 24—is preferably not present.

The pretensioning of the tensioning elements 14 in the lower chord 11 and/or in the upper chord 12 is preferably so high that the pretension alone does not lead to gaps opening between adjacent segments 15 of the row 13 in the lower chord 11 and/or in the upper chord 12, even when the device in which the carrier 10 is used is loaded with a load for which the device is designed to the maximum. Between each two adjacent segments 15 of a row 13, in the exemplary embodiment in particular row 13 in the lower flange 11, there is preferably no screw connection for connecting the adjacent segments 15 to one another at adjacent ends 28a, 28b of the segments 15, which screw connection would be subjected to tensile stress during operational use of the carrier 10 in a device along the prestressing force of the clamping elements 14 of the row 13. In addition, there is preferably no material connection between two adjacent segments 15 of a row 13, such as a welded connection, which connects the segments 15 to one another and which would be subjected to tensile stress along the prestressing force of the clamping elements 14, since the prestressing of the clamping elements 14 of the row 13 preferably does not lead to a gaping even without such a material connection two adjacent segments 15, even if the device were loaded with a load for which the device is designed to a maximum.

The adjacent segments 15 are prevented from moving relative to one another transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the prestressing force due to the pressing of the adjacent segments 15 against one another by the prestressing of the clamping elements 14 of the row 13 . Further connecting devices between the adjacent segments 15 of the row 13, which would be loaded during use of the carrier 10 in the device during operation of the device transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the prestressing force due to the load on the device, are preferably not present.

The segments 15 can be made of steel, in particular mild steel, or aluminum, for example. In the exemplary embodiment, the segments 15 are box-shaped with a base 15a, two side walls 15b and a cover 15c. For example, segments 15, in particular those of the lower chord 11, can each be made from a U-profile 29 whose enclosed space, as in the illustrated embodiment ( figure 2 ), is covered upwards with a flat profile 30, the flat profile 30 forming the cover 15c. Alternatively, the U-profile 29 can be arranged open at the bottom and can be closed off at the bottom by means of the flat profile 30, which in this case forms the floor 15a. U-profile 29 and flat profile 30 can, for example, be welded or screwed together. The flat profile 30 can, as in the illustrated embodiment (see figure 2 ), protrude slightly beyond the U-profile 29 at the side. When the carrier 10 is used in a crane, the flat profile 30 can provide a running surface for the trolley of the crane. As an alternative to the production of U-profile 29 and flat profile 30, a segment 15 can be constructed, for example, from a rectangular profile 31 (rectangular tube). In the exemplary embodiment shown, the segments 15 in the upper chord 12 are made up of rectangular profiles 31 .

In the exemplary embodiment shown, all segments 15 of carrier 10 are of the same length, it also being possible, for example, for segments 15 in lower flange 11 to have a uniform length that differs from a uniform length in upper flange 12 . Alternatively, for example, one or two segments 15 in the bottom flange 11 can have a length that differs from the other segments 15 of the carrier 10 or the bottom flange 11 . Alternatively or additionally, for example, one or two segments 15 in the upper chord 12 can have a different length. One segment 15 or the two segments 15 of differing lengths in the lower chord 11 and/or in the upper chord 12 can, if present, be used to adapt the length of the carrier 10 to the conditions of a device, in particular to the distance between the connections of the device for the carrier 10. A truss element 18 with a different angle of the truss element section 19 to the horizontal and vertical can be arranged on a segment 15 of different length. The angle of the truss member portion 19 of this truss member 18 may be adjustable to allow use of the truss member 18 with segments 15 of different lengths. Otherwise, carriers 10 of different lengths can be provided by selecting the number of segments 15 in the lower flange 11 or in the upper flange 12 accordingly. If the segments 15 used in the lower chord 11, in the upper chord 12 and/or in the entire carrier 10 are of the same length or except for one or two or three segments 15 are the same length, the storage of the segments 15 and the assembly of the carrier 10 are particularly simple.

Each segment 15 is preferably no longer than 1.2 meters. The segments 15 are thus preferably no longer than Europool pallets.

The framework elements 18 are preferably sheet metal parts, preferably sheet steel parts, in particular sheet steel parts, or sheet aluminum parts. The sheet metal can be placed in the truss element section 19 of the truss element 18 between the upper chord 12 and the lower chord 11, as in figure 2 apparent, be folded in order to increase the rigidity of the truss element section 19. The two end sections 20 of a sheet metal part are each pressed against at least one segment 15 in the upper flange 12 and at least one segment 15 in the lower flange 11 . The end sections 20 of truss elements 18 arranged between the outer truss elements 18 are clamped between adjacent segments 15 . The end section 20 can touch the segment 15 or one or more further elements, for example an end section 20, are arranged between the end section 20 and the segment 15 against which the end section 20 is pressed.

The tensioning element 14 or the tensioning elements 14 in the lower chord 11 and/or in the upper chord 12 are composed of at least two individual tensioning element segments (not shown). The stent segments extend in the composite stent 14 along the length of the stent. To connect the clamping element segments to one another, connecting pieces (not shown) arranged between adjacent clamping element segments can be used, for example the clamping element segments are fastened in the connecting piece, for example by means of a screw and/or clamp connection. The clamping element segments can each have a maximum length of 1.2 meters.

At the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of adjacent segments 15 of a row 13 and/or at the ends 25a, 25b of the row 13 are positioning aids 32, for example made of steel, in particular structural steel, or aluminum, for positioning the segments 15 and/or for positioning the framework elements 18. In the embodiments according to figures 1 and 2 positioning aids 32 are arranged on the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of adjacent segments 15 and on the ends 25a, 25b of row 13. Their use is further explained in the context of the following exemplary representation of a method for providing the carrier 10, for example the carrier 10 according to FIG figure 1 , explained at one site:
The individual parts of the carrier 10, which in the exemplary embodiment includes at least the segments 15, the framework elements 18, the end elements 23 and the clamping elements 14 and the positioning aid elements 32, are transported to the construction site on site. The closing elements 23, the segments 15 of the lower chord 11 and the segments 15 of the upper chord 12 as well as the framework elements 18 become the arrangement according to FIG figure 1 arranged one behind the other. For positioning two adjacent segments 15 in the row 13 relative to one another, in particular in relation to one another transversely to the row direction R, and for positioning the end sections 20 of the truss elements 18 between adjacent segments 15, in particular in relation to one another transversely to the row direction R, the positioning aids 32 can be arranged at the ends of the segments 15. These positioning aid elements 32, which in the exemplary embodiment of a carrier 10 shown in FIG 18 and/or a terminating element 23 relative to an adjacent element in the row direction R and/or transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the row direction R.

For positioning, the positioning aid 32 is inserted into adjacent segments 15 and through end sections 20 to be clamped between the segments 15 . A movement of the adjacent segments 15 relative to one another transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the row direction R can thus already be prevented. The positioning aid element 32 can be attached to the segments 15 by means of fastening devices (not shown), the fastening devices being arranged and set up in such a way that the adjacent segments 15 prefixed to one another with the aid of the fastening devices are fixed in position in order to brace the segments 15 with the clamping element 14. Alternatively or additionally, the positioning aid elements 32 can have stop elements (not shown), which come into contact with the end faces of the segments 15 as stops, so that the positioning aid elements 32 cannot be pushed too far into the segments 15 . With the positioning aids 32 can the segments 15 and truss elements 18 can be precisely positioned and aligned with one another in a simple manner in preparation for clamping with the clamping element 14 . The row 13 of the pre-fixed segments 15 for the lower flange and/or for the upper flange, which are positioned and aligned with one another by means of the positioning aid elements 32, can form a continuous continuous edge from one row end 25a to the opposite row end 25b. With the closing elements 23 of the in figure 1 and 2 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the section of the closing element 23 that extends through the end section 20 of the outer framework element 18 into the outer segment 15 forms an auxiliary positioning element 32. However, a connection between the segments 15 by means of the auxiliary positioning elements 32 is used in one exemplary embodiment only for prefixing to facilitate handling of the segments 15 and elements of the rows 13 during assembly of the carrier 10. A connection between adjacent segments 15 by means of the auxiliary positioning elements 32 is preferably not suitable for absorbing the tensile forces on the bottom chord 11 that occur when the carrier 10 is used in the device and for preventing gaps from opening between adjacent segments 15 . This preferably causes only the connection of the elements of the lower chord 11 by compressing the elements of the lower chord 11 by means of the prestressed clamping elements 14.

For this purpose, the clamping elements 14 are arranged in the segments 15 so that the tension rods 26 extend through the row of segments 15 . Then the tension rods 26 are prestressed with the specified prestress using the nuts 27b, so that the anchor elements 27a, 27b, in the exemplary embodiment the head 27a, are at one end 25a of the row 13 and the nut 27b at the opposite end 25b of the row 13, against which the end elements 23 are supported. The elements arranged between the anchor elements 27a, 27b are braced against one another. By loading the carrier 10 with a load during operation of the device in which the carrier 10 is used, additional compressive forces can occur in the upper chord 12, while in the lower chord 11 tensile forces occur on the lower chord due to the load. The combined pretensioning force of the tensioning elements 14 in the upper chord 12 can consequently be less than the combined pretensioning force of the tensioning elements 14 in the lower chord 11. The mounted carrier 10 can then be arranged at its place of use within the device.

The prestressing of the tensioning elements 14 in the bottom chord 11 is selected so high that no gaps open up between the adjacent segments 15 even when the device in which the carrier 10 is used is loaded with the highest load for which the device is designed. In addition, the pretensioning of the tensioning elements 14 in the lower chord 11 and/or in the upper chord 12 is preferably chosen so high that the clamping force acting due to the pretensioning between adjacent segments 15 is so high that, when subjected to a load for which the device is designed to the maximum, the adjacent segments 15 of the row 13 do not slip relative to one another transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the clamping force or an element arranged between the adjacent segments 15, for example an end section, does not slip s 20, relative to one or the other segment 15 transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the clamping force. Especially in cases where the coefficient of friction between the friction surfaces at a connection between adjacent segments 15 is so low that a sufficient clamping force cannot be applied to prevent slipping, a form-fit element is preferably arranged on the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of the adjacent segments 15, the arrangement being set up to prevent the adjacent segments 15 from slipping relative to one another upwards and/or downwards and/or laterally by means of a form fit. In one exemplary embodiment, in particular in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures, the positioning aid elements 32 can serve as positive-locking elements.

Due to the pretensioning of the tensioning elements 14 of the lower chord 11, the carrier 10 arranged in the assembled device is preferably bent upwards. In a bridge crane with the girder 10 according to the invention as the bridge girder, the girder according to the invention can be bent upwards, for example, when there is no lifting load on the crane.

Two adjacent segments 15 of a row 13 are preferably held together exclusively by compressive forces exerted on the adjacent segments 15 from two directions, which are exerted by means of the clamping element or elements 14 for the row 13 . There is a form fit along the compressive forces. Transversely, for example vertically, to at least one frictional connection.

Due to the segmented construction, the carrier 10 can be transported in individual parts to installation sites that are difficult to access, such as at a ski station and a mountain station, and assembled there on site.

The carrier 10 can be, for example, a carrier 10 for a bridge or for a crane.

figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through a crane bridge 33 with one according to the exemplary embodiment figure 1 and 2 essentially corresponding beam 10 according to the invention as a bridge beam 10. The crane bridge 33 is part of a bridge crane 34, with such a in figure 4 is shown in an exemplary and highly schematic manner. The bridge crane 34 shown is a single-girder bridge crane. The crane bridge 33 shown for the single-girder bridge crane has a girder 10 according to the invention as the bridge girder 10 . The bridge girder 10 is arranged between and fastened to two end girders 35 made of steel or aluminum. In the case of a two-girder bridge crane, two bridge girders 10 according to the invention are arranged side by side between the end girders 35 and fastened to them. The bridge girder 10 spans the working area A of the bridge crane 34. Wheels (not shown) are arranged on the end girders 35, with which the crane bridge 33 consisting of bridge girder 10 and end girders 35 can be moved on the crane runways 36. The trolley 37 of the crane 34 can, for example, be held so that it can move on the flat profile 30 of the lower flange 11 .

The bridge girder 10 is externally supported against the ground by the two crane runways 36 . The example of the bridge crane 34 is shown in the drawing that in a device 34 according to the invention at least two or at least three segments 15 of the row 13 arranged one behind the other due to the bracing of all segments 15 of the row 13 by means of the tensioning element running through the row 13 14 against each other and, if provided, can span a space A between two external supports of the carrier 10 against the subsurface due to the form-fitting connection between the adjacent segments 15 of the row 13 produced, for example, by means of form-fitting elements 32, without an additional external support of the at least two or at least three segments 15 arranged one behind the other, in particular the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of the at least two or at least three segments 15, against the Subsoil must be available or is available. This applies equally to a device 34 according to the invention with a carrier 10 according to the invention designed as a truss girder and a device with a carrier according to the invention designed as a box girder, for example, divided into segments 15 . In a bridge or gantry structure according to the invention, for example, the arrangement of at least two or at least three segments 15 of row 13 can extend from one end of a bridge span to the other end of the bridge span. In the case of at least three segments 15 arranged one behind the other, for example, a middle segment 15 is clamped between the adjacent segments 15 due to the bracing and, because of this and, if present, because of the form fit between two adjacent segments 15, it can be held against the ground above the spanned space without external support of the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of the middle and one or the two adjacent segments 15.

In contrast to the embodiment according to figure 1 the tensioning elements 14 of the lower chord 11 are anchored in the head supports 35 which are at the ends 25a, 25b of the row 13 segments 15 are arranged. The clamping elements 14 are supported with their anchor elements 27a, 27b, for example with the head 27a and the nut 27b, which are arranged in the head carriers 35, each from the inside on the wall 38 of the head carrier 35 or on an intermediate element 39 arranged between the anchor element 27a, 27b and the wall 38 of the head carrier 35. The head supports 35 are thereby pressed against the ends 25a, 25b of the row 13. In the exemplary embodiment, the head carriers 35 are supported on the end elements 23 . Alternatively, the head supports 35 can be supported, for example, on the end sections 20 of the outer framework elements 18 which are each clamped between a head support 35 and the end face 24 of the adjacent outer segment 15 . Otherwise, the head supports 35 can be supported, for example, on the end faces 24 of the outer segments 15 of the row 13 . In the exemplary embodiment, the carrier 10 is fastened to the head carriers 35 by means of the clamping elements 14 of the lower chord 11 . This makes the assembly of the crane bridge 33 particularly easy. The crane bridge 33 can be assembled analogously to the exemplary method presented above, with the tensioning elements 14 of the lower boom 11 being guided through the walls 38 of the end supports 35 .

Alternatively, the device can be, for example, a semi-gantry crane (not shown). Such a head carrier has only one end of the girder 10 according to the invention, preferably fastened by means of the clamping elements 14 in the bottom chord 11, and can be moved on a crane runway, which is arranged at the upper end of the working area of the crane.

In the embodiments shown in the figures the lower chord 11 is longer than the upper chord 12. Alternatively, the lower chord 11 and the upper chord 12 can be of the same length or the lower chord 11 can be shorter than the upper chord 12. Regardless of this, the truss girder 10 can be fastened with its lower chord 11 and/or with its upper chord 12 to connection elements 35, for example head supports 35.

figure 5 shows a longitudinal section through an exemplary embodiment of a carrier 10 according to the invention. The description in connection with FIG figure 1 . Instead of a second truss element 18 between the respective outermost segment 15 of the rows 13 in the lower chord 11 and in the upper chord 12 and the next adjacent segment 15, however, at least one rigging screw 40 is attached to the respective outermost truss element 18 and the adjacent truss element 18, the length of which is adapted to adjust the angle of the rigging screw 40 to the horizontal and to the vertical. The lengths of the outermost segments 15 of the rows 13 in the lower chord 11 and in the upper chord 12 can thus be adjusted to provide a carrier 10 with a required length. The segments 15 of the rows 13 of at least three segments 15 arranged between the outermost segments 15 of the rows 13 can have a unit length.

figure 6 shows a longitudinal section through a row of segments 15 in the lower flange 11 of the carrier 10 and a row 13 segments 15 in the upper flange 12 of an embodiment of the carrier 10. The carrier 10 has at least two rows 13 arranged side by side in the lower flange 11 and at least two rows 13 arranged next to one another in the upper flange 12 . The carrier 10 has a length adjustment section 41 with two vertical sheet metal elements 42 as framework elements 18 which extend transversely, for example perpendicularly, to the row direction R. The vertical sheet metal elements 42 are clamped between the segments 15 in the lower chord 11 and in the upper chord 12 by means of the pretensioned clamping elements 14 . Between the vertical sheet metal elements 42, segments 15 are arranged in the lower chord 11 and in the upper chord 12, the lengths of which are adapted to provide a carrier 10 with a desired length. The segments 15 adjacent to the longitudinal adjustment section also each have an adjusted length. For stabilization, sheet metal stabilizing elements 43 are arranged between the vertical sheet metal elements 42, which extend along the clamping elements 14 and are fastened to the vertical sheet metal elements 42, for example by means of welding or hanging. Otherwise, the description applies figure 1 analogous.

Alternatively or in addition to the figures 5 and 6 Possibilities for providing a girder 10 with an adapted length as shown, for example, the angle to the horizontal or to the vertical of sections 19 of truss elements 18 extending obliquely to the horizontal and vertical can be adapted, which are clamped between segments 15 in order to be able to use segments 15 with an adapted length.

The truss girder 10 according to the invention can be terminated at one end 21a, 21b or at both ends 21a, 21b with a truss element 18 (post) arranged perpendicularly to the lower chord 11 and/or upper chord 12 . figure 7 shows an embodiment of a truss girder 10 according to the invention with a bottom chord 11 and a top chord 12, which terminate flush at one end 21b of the girder 10, while the top chord 12 projects beyond the bottom chord 11 at one end 21a of the girder 10. The vertical truss element 18 made of sheet metal at the end is clamped between the end elements 23 of the lower chord 11 and the upper chord 12 and the segments 15 adjacent to the ends 25a, 25b of the rows 13 by bracing using the clamping element 14 . Alternatively, the top chord 12 and the bottom chord 11 may be of equal length, for example, with a vertical truss member 18 disposed at each end 21a, 21b. The descriptions of the other embodiments apply to those related to figure 7 embodiment explained otherwise analogously.

The form-fitting elements 32 of the carrier 10 according to the invention can each be in several parts. figure 8 shows, for example, a multi-part form-fitting element 32 for producing a form-fitting connection between two adjacent segments 15 in the lower chord 11 and/or upper chord 12, as can be used, for example, in one of the described embodiments. The form-fitting element 32 has a first part 44, which is arranged, preferably with a precise fit, in a section at one end 28a of one of the adjacent segments 15, and a second part 45, which is arranged, preferably with a precise fit, in a section at the adjacent end 28b of the other of the adjacent segments 15. The form-fitting element 32 also has a third part 46 which is arranged in a respective receptacle 47a, 47b of the first part 44 and the second part 45, preferably with a precise fit. The clamping element or elements 14 extend through the third part 46. The first, second and third Part 44, 45, 46 can be made of aluminum or steel, for example. The first 44, second 45 and third part 46 together provide the form fit between the adjacent segments 15 transversely to the direction of the clamping force due to the tensioning element(s) 14 prestressed in the longitudinal direction. The third part 46 has an outer width and/or height that is smaller than the outer width and/or height of the first and second parts (width and/or height in each case transversely to the longitudinal direction of the adjacent segments 15 or transversely to the row direction R). The third part 46 is arranged in recesses 48 in the end sections 20 of the framework elements 18, preferably with a precise fit. The third part 46, which extends through the recesses 48 in the end sections 20 into the receptacle 47a of the first part 44 and the receptacle 47b of the second part 45, provides a form fit transversely to the clamping force direction between the end sections 20 and via the first part 44 and the second part 45 between the end sections 20 and the adjacent segments 15. In a multi-part embodiment of the form-fit elements 32, there are only relatively small recesses 48 in the end portions 20 for receiving the form-fitting element 32, here the third part 46 of the form-fitting element 32 is required. At the ends 28a, 28b of the segments 15, the clamping element or elements 14 do not form any form-fitting elements transversely to the clamping force. The arrangement of the third part 46 in the first part 44 and the second part 45 and the arrangements of the first part 44 in the segment 15 and of the second part 45 in the segment 15 are designed so that the segments 15 do not slip relative to one another or the end sections 20 relative to one another transversely to the clamping force in such a way that a force transverse to the clamping force does not occur at the ends 28a, 28b on the clamping element or elements 14 would be exercised. The external dimensions of the first part 44 and the second part 45, 46 are correspondingly adapted to the internal dimensions of the segments 15 at the ends 28a, 28b and the external dimension of the third part 46 is correspondingly adapted to the internal dimensions of the recesses 48 in the end sections 20 and to the internal dimensions of the receptacles 47a, 47b in the first part 44 and the second part 45. At the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of adjacent segments, the one or more clamping elements 14 are preferably at least slightly spaced apart from the form-fitting elements 32 of the row 13, regardless of whether the form-fitting elements 32 are of one-part or multi-part construction. To produce a form-fitting connection when assembling the carrier 10, the first part 44 is inserted into the section at the end 28a of the segment 15, for example. Then, for example, the framework element 18 is arranged at the end 28a of the segment 15 and the third part 46 is inserted into the recess 48 in the end section 20 of the framework element 18 and into the receptacle 47a of the first part 44 . An end section 20 of a further framework element 18 can then be pushed onto the third part 46 . Finally, for example, the second part 45 is pushed onto the third part 46 and the adjacent segment 15 onto the second part 45 . Alternatively, one can start, for example, at the end 28b. Fixing means (not shown) can be assigned to the first 44, second 45 and/or third part 46 in order to fix the first 44, second 45 and/or third 46 part in row direction R, in particular during assembly. The multi-part form-fitting element 32 serves as an auxiliary positioning element 32 during assembly.

The carrier 10 according to the invention has at least one row 13 of juxtaposed segments 15, wherein a row 13 preferably extends from one end 21a of the carrier 10 to the opposite end 21b of the carrier 10. In a preferred embodiment, at least one tensioning element 14, which can also be referred to as a tie rod, extends through the at least one row 13 and is anchored to the ends 25a, 25b of the row 13 and is pretensioned against the row 13 in order to hold the segments 15 of the row 13 together. The adjacent segments 15 are braced against one another at their end faces 24 by means of the clamping element or elements 14 , it being possible for one or more than one element, such as a metal sheet, or no element to be arranged between the end faces 24 . The connection of adjacent segments 15 of row 13 to one another due to the prestressing of the clamping element or elements 14 of row 13 against row 13 is preferably so high that further connecting means for connecting the adjacent segments 15 of row 13 are not required. Therefore, there is preferably no material connection, such as a welded connection and/or screw connection, between two adjacent segments 15 of a row 13 for connecting the adjacent segments 15 to one another, which would be subjected to tensile stress during operational use of the carrier 10 in a mounted device 33, 34 along the longitudinal extent of the row 13. In exemplary embodiments, there can be a form-fitting connection between adjacent segments 15, which prevents the adjacent segments 15 from slipping relative to one another or an element arranged between the adjacent segments 15, e.g. The carrier 10 can be made available at a place of use by transporting the individual segments 15 to the place of use and only there arranged to form the row 13 and clamped by means of the clamping element 14 .

Exemplary embodiments of the device 34 according to the invention have at least one carrier 10 with a row 13 with at least three segments 15 arranged one behind the other, the segments 15 of the row 13 being braced against one another by means of a tensioning element 14 extending in the carrier 10, the tensioning element 14 extending through the row 13, the tensioning element 14 being anchored at the opposite ends 25a, 25b of the row 13 of segments 15 , in order to clamp the segments 15 of the row 13 against each other, and wherein a form fit is produced between two adjacent segments 15 of the row 13 in order to prevent a movement of the adjacent segments 15 relative to one another transversely to the longitudinal direction of the segments 15 by the clamping of the segments 15 of the row 13 against one another by means of the clamping element 14 and the form fit, without the need for external support of the adjacent ends 28a, 28b of the segments 1 5 is present against the ground.

Reference list:

10 carrier 11 bottom chord 12 upper belt 13 Row 14 clamping element 15 segment 15a Floor 15b side walls 15c Lid 16a,b ends of the bottom chord 17a,b ends of the top strap 18 truss element 19 truss element section 20 end section 21a,b ends of the beam 22 stack 23 final element 24 face 25a,b ends of the row 26 Rod 27a, b anchor elements 27a Head 27b Mother 28a,b Adjacent ends of adjacent segments 29 U profile 30 low profile 31 rectangular profile 32 Positioning aid element/form-fitting element 33 crane bridge 34 overhead crane 35 headgear 36 crane track 37 Cat 38 Wall 39 intermediate element 40 rigging screw 41 length adjustment section 42 vertical sheet metal element 43 stabilization element 44 first part 45 second part 46 third part 47a,b Recordings 48 recess L length of a segment A working space H horizontal V vertical B-B cutting plane P Arrow R row direction

Claims (7)

1. Support (10) formed as a truss girder, comprising one row (13) of at least two successively arranged segments (15),

   wherein the segments (15) of the row (13) are braced with respect to each other by means of a tensioning element (14) extending inside the support (10),

   wherein the tensioning element (14) is anchored to opposite ends (25a, 25b) of the row (13) of segments (15) in order to brace the segments (15) of the row (13) with respect to each other and wherein the tensioning element (14) extends through the row (13),

   wherein the tensioning element (14) is constructed of at least two tensioning element segments,

   wherein the support (10) comprises at least one row (13) of segments (15) in the lower chord (11) of the support (10) and/or at least one row (13) of segments (15) in the upper chord (12) of the support (10),

   wherein, between the lower chord (11) and the upper chord (12), there are arranged vertical truss elements (18) extending in an inclined manner relative to the vertical, wherein, on the adjacent ends (28a, 28b) of adjacent segments (15) of a row (13) and/or on the ends (25a, 25b) of the row (13), there can be provided positioning aid elements (32) for positioning the segments (15) and/or for positioning the truss elements (18),

   wherein, for positioning, the positioning aid element (32) is plugged into adjacent segments (15) and through the end sections (20) that are to be clamped between the segments (15), characterized in that

   at least one end section (20) of a truss element (18) that extends in an inclined manner is held between adjacent segments (15)
2. Support (10) according to one of the previous claims, wherein, between two adjacent segments (15) of the row (13), there is no integrally bonded connection, in particular weld connection, and/or screw connection, for connecting the adjacent segments (15) to each other, that is loaded in tension.
3. Support (10) according to one of the previous claims,
   wherein at least one row (13) of segments (15) extends from one end (21a) of the support (10) to the opposite end (21b) of the support (10).
4. Support (10) according to one of the previous claims,
   wherein the tensioning element (14) is anchored to one end (25a) of the row (13) or to both ends (25a, 25b) of the row (13), outside the row (13) of segments (15).
5. Support (10) according to one of the previous claims,
   wherein the length (L) of the segments (15) is at most 1.2 meters.
6. Support (10) according to one of the previous claims,
   wherein a segment (15) has a bottom (15a), a cap (15c), as well as two lateral walls (15b) extending in row orientation (R).
7. Device (33, 34) with at least one support (10) according to one of the previous claims,
   wherein the device (33, 34) comprises at least one end carriage (35) that is arranged on one end (21a, 21b) of the support (10), wherein the tensioning element (14) is anchored in the end carriage (35) in order to fasten the end carriage (35), by bracing the end carriage (35) against the segments (15) of the row (13), to the support (10) by means of the tensioning element (14).

Images