EP3577748A1 - Stator pour machine électrique - Google Patents

Stator pour machine électrique

Info

Publication number
EP3577748A1
EP3577748A1 EP18700005.4A EP18700005A EP3577748A1 EP 3577748 A1 EP3577748 A1 EP 3577748A1 EP 18700005 A EP18700005 A EP 18700005A EP 3577748 A1 EP3577748 A1 EP 3577748A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
connecting wires
stator according
grooves
longitudinal axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18700005.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Carsten Dotzel
Stefan Reuter
Andre Grübel
Matthias Ebert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of EP3577748A1 publication Critical patent/EP3577748A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/08—Forming windings by laying conductors into or around core parts
    • H02K15/085—Forming windings by laying conductors into or around core parts by laying conductors into slotted stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stator for an electric machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • stator Such a stator is known from US 2015/0076953 A1.
  • connecting wires are designed as so-called hairpins.
  • the connection of the connecting wires is complex.
  • the connecting wires are designed on a twisting side as special pins in order to enable an orderly contacting.
  • several layers of connecting wires would have to be arranged one above the other. The required space for the stator is large.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the structure of the stator, in particular the execution of the connecting wires and their connection.
  • stator for an electric machine in particular an electric motor, according to the features of claim 1 is given.
  • the structure of a stator can be simplified in that ends of connecting wires which are arranged in grooves of a laminated core of the stator are connected to one another on a contacting side of the laminated core, wherein a power connection for electrically connecting the stator is provided on the contacting side is.
  • the connecting wires are closed.
  • the winding head height for the stator is reduced.
  • the installation space for the stator is reduced.
  • the connecting wires of adjacent slots of the same phase are connected to contacting areas in pairs, in particular welded together.
  • a significant advantage of the stator according to the invention is that the power connection and the contacting regions are arranged on a stator side, the contacting side.
  • connection of individual grooves is possible by an inclination of the connecting wires relative to the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis of the laminated core.
  • the connecting wires are shifted in relation to the tangential direction in the region of the grooves, so that the contacting regions move.
  • the two ends of a connecting wire have a different radial distance with respect to the longitudinal axis.
  • the different radial distance is in particular set such that it corresponds to the difference of a position of a connecting wire in the groove.
  • the twist angle is changed.
  • the contacting regions can be arranged substantially within a plane, wherein the plane is oriented in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the laminated core.
  • the contacting regions are arranged uniformly both in the radial direction and in the axial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the laminated core.
  • the stator has a compact construction.
  • the stator is made of small construction. In particular, nesting of the connecting wires is unnecessary. As a result, a reduced winding step can be realized.
  • the distance of adjacent grooves is referred to, which are covered by the ends of a connecting wire.
  • the winding step of six according to US 2015/0076953 A1 can be reduced to five according to the present invention.
  • the number of holes is the number of adjacent slots of the same phase.
  • an extended winding step of six according to US 2015/0076953 A1 to seven according to the present invention is also possible.
  • the two conductor legs of a connecting wire which is referred to as Hairpin, are directly connected.
  • the conductor legs In the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, the conductor legs have a spacing which corresponds to a layer thickness.
  • the winding step In the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis of the distance between the conductor legs is the winding step.
  • the winding step generally results as a product of the number of phases and the number of holes. In the present case three phases are given at a number of holes of two.
  • the winding step is corresponding to six.
  • the number of holes can also be three or four.
  • a second ring is provided, which is constructed identically to the first ring.
  • the second wreath is mechanically twisted at an angle to the first wreath, which corresponds electrically to a pole.
  • the second wreath fills gaps in the grooves of the first wreath.
  • Each wreath has an entrance and an exit.
  • the number of wreaths can be arbitrarily extended, each wreath consists of two layers.
  • the wreaths are electrically connected in series.
  • the number of substrings per phase is two, regardless of how many rings are connected in series. If all wreaths of each phase mount are contacted, then all the grooves are completely filled.
  • the grooves each extend along a longitudinal axis of the annular laminated core.
  • 72 grooves are provided, which are arranged along a circular line about the longitudinal axis of the laminated core.
  • the stator comprises exactly six partial strands.
  • a number of six layers of the connecting wires are provided.
  • the structure of the stator according to the invention allows a larger number of wreaths, which in particular can be scaled to any desired even number and each wreath consists of 2 layers.
  • the power connection can be designed either via a cable harness at the wire ends, as a plug-in power board or via connecting elements as an attachment.
  • a stator in which the partial strands are connected in parallel or in series with each other, allows an advantageous circuit of the two sub-strands of the respective phases. Because the individual partial strands have an electrically symmetrical structure, no or only small circulating currents occur within the respective phase in the electric machine.
  • the interconnection of the phases as a star connection or as a delta connection enables an advantageous connection of the stator via the power connection by means of a prefabricated attachment.
  • each sub-string comprises at least two rings
  • each sub-string may include three, four, or more wreaths.
  • the annular stator lamination stack may comprise an array of individual louvers and, in particular, be configured as a one-piece ring.
  • a stator laminated core has the advantage that eddy currents can be prevented and thereby the efficiency of the stator is increased.
  • the individual sheets can be coated with an insulating material.
  • Advantageous is the use of silicon-containing steel for the sheet having improved magnetic properties.
  • the production of the laminated cores takes place stepwise by cutting out the sheets, stacking, permanent joining, in particular gluing or welding, and any necessary rework.
  • the reworking can include a low-stress annealing, an external rounding, a deburring and a repainting.
  • a baked enamel for connecting the sheets to packages.
  • the individually cut, in particular punched, sheets are coated with baked enamel, stacked on each other and then baked in an oven. The individual sheets are thereby connected and insulated.
  • stator in which the laminated core has a packetized electrical sheet, which is connected by a plurality, in particular three along the longitudinal axis oriented welds, can be automated.
  • the welds are arranged outboard.
  • a laminated core produced in this way is robust.
  • a stator with an insulating layer, in particular arranged in each case on the inside, of the grooves has improved electrical insulation properties. Voltage flashovers between the laminated core and the windings of the coils be avoided.
  • the connecting wire may be coated with an insulating lacquer layer.
  • a stator in which the insulating layer is implemented by a ceremoniesnisolierstoff, in particular an insulating paper, laminate or foil, allows a particularly uncomplicated execution of the electrical insulation within the groove. In particular, it is possible to isolate the groove surface.
  • a stator in which all connecting wires are made substantially identical, allows an uncomplicated and advantageous production of the connecting wires.
  • the connecting wires are designed in a standard form.
  • One and the same tool can be used to reshape the connecting wires.
  • the connecting wires can be made different in the groove area by the conductor legs of the connecting wires have different lengths. Specially shaped, individualized connecting wires are dispensable. The manufacturing cost of the connecting wires and thus the stator as a whole is reduced.
  • a stator with connecting wires which are made of flat wire, allows a compact arrangement of the connecting wires in the grooves.
  • the flat wire has in particular copper and / or aluminum.
  • the bonding wire has improved electrical and / or magnetic properties.
  • the bonding wire has in particular improved thermal properties.
  • An arrangement of the layers in the stator along the longitudinal axis next to each other allows a small-sized design with reduced winding head height.
  • FIG. 1 shows an enlarged perspective view of a contacting side of a stator according to the invention, a perspective view of a counter contacting side of the stator according to FIG. 1, an enlarged detailed illustration of a connecting wire in the form of a hairpin according to a manufacturing section which shows the mounting form of the hairpin shows a detailed representation of the connecting wire corresponding to FIG. 5 in a subsequent manufacturing step, which shows the shape of the hairpin in the final state,
  • Partial strand of a phase from outside to inside 15a, 15b a representation corresponding to FIG. 14 for the second partial strand of a phase from the inside to the outside,
  • Fig. 18 to 21 are schematic representations of formations of an insulating paper in a groove of the laminated core.
  • a stator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is used for an electric machine not shown in detail, in particular an electric motor.
  • the stator 1 carries a polyphase winding, according to the embodiment shown, a three-phase winding with the phases U, V and W.
  • the structure and the interconnection of the phases will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. On the execution of the electric machine is not important.
  • the specific embodiment shows the stator 1 for an internal electrical rotor, although other designs are possible.
  • the stator 1 comprises a laminated core 2, which has an annular cross-sectional area with respect to its longitudinal axis 3.
  • the laminated core 2 has several, in particular 72, each extending along the longitudinal axis 3 grooves 4.
  • each connecting wires 5 are arranged, which are each arranged to a rim 20, 21 or 22 in the circumferential direction 25 about the longitudinal axis 3.
  • the grooves 4 extend along the entire length of the laminated core 2 along the longitudinal axis 3.
  • the grooves 4 are through-grooves.
  • the grooves 4 In a radial direction to the longitudinal axis 3, the grooves 4 have a radial length, which is formed such that the connecting wires 5 can be arranged in six layers in the radial direction next to each other.
  • the grooves 4 can also be designed such that more than six, for example eight, ten or more layers of connecting wires 5 can be arranged in the groove 4.
  • the connecting wires 5 are made substantially U-shaped, with their free ends, which are referred to as Maisier Schemee 6, for contacting with another connecting wire to form the ring 20 are executed.
  • the laminated core 2 is designed in the circumferential direction as a one-piece laminated core with three screw 7 points.
  • the laminated core 2 is in particular a packetized electrical steel sheet with external welds 31 in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis 3.
  • the connecting wires 5 are arranged similarly oriented in the laminated core 2. All Kunststoffier Kunststoffe 6 of the connecting wires 5 are arranged on a front side region 32 of the laminated core 2. This end face 27 of the stator 1 is referred to as Maisierseite 8 or Heidelbergringseite.
  • the stator 1 has the three electrical phases U, V, W, each corresponding to a strand 12.
  • Each of the three strands has two sub-strands 13, which are designed according to the embodiment shown via the star point 10 as a star connection according to FIG. 16.
  • the phases U, V, W with the strands 12 each having two sub-strands 13 can be designed as a delta connection, as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the partial strands 13 are connected in parallel.
  • the partial strands 13 can also be connected in series.
  • Each sub-string 13 is formed by three annular lines in the stator 1, wherein each ring 20, 21, 22 comprises a plurality of connecting wires 5, which are arranged in two adjacent layers in the grooves 4 of the laminated core 2.
  • a first ring 20, 21, 22 comprises the connecting wires 5 in the layers 1 and 2
  • a second ring the connecting wires 5 in the layers 3 and 4 and a third ring the connecting wires 5 of the layers 5 and 6, wherein the Counting sequence of the layers in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis 3 from outside to inside.
  • the phase connections 9U, 9V, 9W are shown for a second sub-string 13.
  • Each of the three electrical phases U, V, W has two sub-strands, each having a plurality of subsections Wreaths include.
  • a star point 10 for the star-shaped interconnection of the phases U, V, W of the second sub-string is also shown.
  • the Kunststoffierseite 8 opposite is the Schmidtierseite, which is also referred to as the crown side of the stator 1 1 1.
  • the connecting wires 5 are integrally closed. Contacting on the crown side 1 1 is not required.
  • the connecting wire 5 is designed as a copper flat wire.
  • the connecting wire 5 has two parallel longitudinal webs 14, which are connected to one another via a connecting web 15.
  • the connecting web 15 is designed substantially V-shaped and integrally connected to the longitudinal webs 14. In the region of the connecting web 15, the connecting wire 5 is twisted, so that the two longitudinal webs 14 are each arranged in adjacent layers of the grooves 4. For example, one of the longitudinal webs 14 in the first and the other longitudinal web 14 in the second layer of the grooves 4 is arranged.
  • the connecting wire 5 is pushed along the longitudinal axis 3 into a groove 4.
  • the distance between the two longitudinal webs 14 is chosen such that a winding step of six groove intervals is given.
  • All connecting wires 5 of the stator 1 are identical in the lower, the free ends of the longitudinal webs 14 opposite region, in particular of the connecting web 15.
  • all longitudinal webs 14th a position in a direction along the outer circumference about the longitudinal axis 3 about an imaginary bending axis or bent about a bending point 26.
  • the bending sections 28 are integrally formed on the longitudinal web 14.
  • a bending section 28 connects a respective contacting region 6a or 6b to the corresponding longitudinal web 14.
  • the bending sections 28 are remote from each other, so that in the region of the contacting regions 6a, 6b the opening of the U is widened.
  • the bending sections 28 are oriented substantially parallel to the corresponding sections of the connecting web 15.
  • the longitudinal webs 14 With respect to a plane passing through the bending axis or the bending point 26 on the connecting web 15, the longitudinal webs 14 are arranged with the integrally arranged bending portion 28 and the contacting portion 6a and 6b and the portions of the connecting web 15 mirror-symmetrical to each other.
  • the bending sections 28 are exposed in the mounted arrangement of the connecting wire 5, that is arranged outside the grooves 4.
  • the longitudinal webs 14 are arranged lying in the grooves 4.
  • the connecting web 15 is arranged in the region of the crown side 1 1 of the stator 1.
  • Theêtier Schemee 6a, 6b are on the contact side 8 of the stator 1 above, so arranged exposed.
  • the connecting wire 5 is designed mirror-symmetrically with two substantially S-shaped half-sections, which are integrally connected to each other at the bending point.
  • the contacting regions 6a, 6b have a cross-sectional area which corresponds to the wire cross-section.
  • the wire is a flat wire having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional area. There are also other embodiments of a wire conceivable, in particular a round wire.
  • the contacting regions 6a, 6b extend along the wire longitudinal axis along the contact length LK.
  • the contacting regions 6a, 6b are three-dimensional contacting regions.
  • the connecting wires 5 can be formed with one and the same mold. After the connecting wire 5 from the crown side 1 1 ago in the grooves 4th of the laminated core 2 has been inserted, the ends of the longitudinal webs 14 opposite the connecting web 15 are bent in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis 3, the contacting regions 6 being designed such that they extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 3.
  • connecting wires 5 it is possible to form the connecting wires 5 by means of a stamping and / or bending tool.
  • a stamping tool By means of a stamping tool, the bending point is fixed to the connecting web 15.
  • a bending tool By means of a bending tool, the bending portions 28 are bent at the connecting web 15 opposite ends of the connecting wire 5.
  • Fig. 6 shows the connecting wire 5, as in the reshaped arrangement in
  • Sheet metal package 2 is provided. Due to the rotation of the connecting wire 5 in the region of the connecting web 15, there is a first contacting region 6a in the first position and a second contacting region 6b in the second position. With the exception of a few connecting wires 5, all connecting wires 5 are bent uniformly in the circumferential direction. This bending process is also called twisting. It is essential that the direction of rotation depends on the layer arrangement. This makes it possible to arrange the contacting regions 6 of adjacent connecting wires 5 adjacent one another, as shown in FIG. 7. The contact areas 6 lying in contact with one another are connected to one another by welding or other comparable joining methods.
  • Fig. 9 shows the substantially empty laminated core 2, in which two connecting wires 5 are inserted, which are welded together in their overlapping region of the Mixier Schemee 6. According to Fig. 10 further connecting wires are provided, which are all arranged in the first and second layers.
  • FIG. 14 is divided along the circumferential direction 25 in FIGS. 14a and 14b.
  • the first ring 20 comprises the layers 1 and 2
  • the second ring 21 comprises the layers 3 and 4
  • the third ring 22 comprises the layers 5 and 6.
  • the wiring scheme shows schematically a development of the stator 1 in the circumferential direction 25. It is the interconnection the first phase U shown.
  • the layers 1 to 6 are shown in a cell shape one above the other.
  • the layers 1 to 6 symbolize the arrangement of the connecting wires 5 in the grooves 4.
  • the layer 1 is arranged along the outer diameter of the stator 1.
  • the layer 6 is correspondingly arranged on the inner circumference of the stator 1.
  • FIGS. 14a, 14b it is shown which grooves are covered with connection wires 5 of a ring in relation to a circumferential direction of counting 25. It can be seen that the connecting wires 5 of the first ring 20 in the grooves with the numbers 3, 4 and 9, 10 and 15, 16 and 21, 22 and 27, 28 and 33, 34 are arranged.
  • the winding step is six.
  • the wiring diagram with the six layers is shown, wherein the layer 1 indicates the outer layer.
  • the layer 1 indicates the outer layer.
  • two adjacent grooves in the circumferential direction 25 are filled with a phase U, V, W.
  • the four remaining grooves arranged in the circumferential direction 25 are filled with the remaining phases.
  • the result is a sequence of first and second slot for phase U, third and fourth slot for phase V and fifth and sixth slot for phase W; seventh and eighth groove beginning again with phase U.
  • This sequence applies in the circumferential direction 25 for the entire stator 1. From the wiring diagram is the positional jump within the rings 20, 21, 22 on the crown side 1 1 through the closed connecting wires 5 of FIG recognizable. This positional jump is indicated by dashed lines 29.
  • a return in the position within the respective wreath 20, 21, 22 is represented by a solid line 30 marked with a rhombus symbol.
  • the diamond symbol stands for a contacting region 6 of the connecting wires 5.
  • the contacting region 6 is also referred to as a connecting point.
  • the transition joints 19 are also shown with a line with a diamond symbol.
  • the three rings 20 to 22 are symbolically marked in Fig. 14b.
  • the first sub-strand of the phase U is placed from outside to inside, ie from the layer 1 to the layer 6.
  • a compound of the phase U results at the outer layer 1 by the beginning of the sub-strand 17, at the end of the sub-strand 18 at the inner Layer 6 is discharged.
  • Fig. 15a, b show a corresponding circuit diagram for the second sub-strand of the phase U from the inside to the outside.
  • the two circuit diagrams of FIGS. 14 and 15 represent the two parallel sub-strands 13, which are constructed symmetrically to each other. Circular currents within a phase are thereby avoided.
  • FIGS. 18 to 20 The respective groove 4 is shown in dashed lines.
  • the representations according to FIGS. 18 to 21 each show a view of the grooves 4 with the insulating layer arranged therein in the form of the insulating paper 23 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 3.
  • an insulating paper 23 is provided in each case is shaped.
  • a film or a laminate of foil and paper can be provided. The aim is that the insulating paper 23 can be placed along the outer contour of the groove without a collar protrudes.
  • the end pieces 24 are made longer and overlapping each other, along the groove, applied.
  • the insulating paper 23 has a substantially closed contour.
  • end pieces 24 for example in the form of a B or S according to FIG. 20 or 21.
  • stator It is essential that an insulated space surrounded by the insulating layer offers sufficient space for the connecting wires to be inserted. As a result, the assembly of the stator is reliable and error-prone possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)

Abstract

Un stator destiné à une machine électrique comprend un noyau feuilleté annulaire (2) comportant un axe longitudinal (3) et une pluralité de rainures (4) s'étendant chacune le long de l'axe longitudinal (3). L'enroulement dudit stator comporte au moins trois phases (U, V, W) pourvue chacune de deux sous-brins (13) et sont répartis dans la direction radiale dans une pluralité de couronnes (20, 21, 22). Des fils (5), connectés en série, de l'enroulement forment un sous-brin (13). Une pluralité de fils (5), disposés dans des couches adjacentes des rainures (4) et formant des couronnes (20, 21, 22), forment une borne d'alimentation (9) destinée à connecter électriquement le stator (1). Selon l'invention, les fils (5) sont reliés par paire à une couche adjacente dans des zones de contact (6) au niveau de l'un des côtés frontaux axiaux du noyau feuilleté (2), appelé côté contact (8). Les bornes d'alimentation (9) sont également disposées sur ce côté contact (8). Les fils (5) ont par exemple une forme en épingle à cheveux, de sorte qu'ils sont fermés du côté couronne (11) opposé au côté contact (8).
EP18700005.4A 2017-01-31 2018-01-02 Stator pour machine électrique Withdrawn EP3577748A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017201533.0A DE102017201533B4 (de) 2017-01-31 2017-01-31 Stator für eine elektrische Maschine
PCT/EP2018/050021 WO2018141492A1 (fr) 2017-01-31 2018-01-02 Stator pour machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3577748A1 true EP3577748A1 (fr) 2019-12-11

Family

ID=60915552

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18700005.4A Withdrawn EP3577748A1 (fr) 2017-01-31 2018-01-02 Stator pour machine électrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11196325B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3577748A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110235342B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017201533B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018141492A1 (fr)

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WO2013081225A1 (fr) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-06 엘지전자 주식회사 Stator de machine électrique, moteur électrique équipé de ce stator et véhicule électrique équipé du moteur électrique
WO2013157115A1 (fr) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-24 三菱電機株式会社 Enroulement de stator pour machine tournante
JP6026364B2 (ja) 2013-07-18 2016-11-16 本田技研工業株式会社 回転電機
JP5839295B2 (ja) 2013-09-04 2016-01-06 株式会社デンソー 回転電機の固定子
JP5896250B2 (ja) 2013-09-18 2016-03-30 株式会社デンソー 回転電機の固定子
DE102017201533B4 (de) * 2017-01-31 2023-05-25 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Stator für eine elektrische Maschine
JP6974206B2 (ja) * 2018-02-13 2021-12-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ステータの製造方法、および曲げ加工装置

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US11196325B2 (en) 2021-12-07
CN110235342A (zh) 2019-09-13
CN110235342B (zh) 2022-12-02
DE102017201533A1 (de) 2018-08-02
WO2018141492A1 (fr) 2018-08-09
DE102017201533B4 (de) 2023-05-25

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